323:, which called for anarchists to drop their support for the CNT and establish a "loose party structure". This proposal received support from anarchists throughout Spain, as well as many exiles in France, mostly from the younger generation. Sanz was one of the only "experienced revolutionaries" left in Spain and the highest-ranking member of the Solidarios that hadn't yet fled the country. But before Buenacasa could make contact with him, he was arrested while trying to break three anarchists out of prison in
417:. Their advance was slowed by a snowstorm, which delayed them from reaching the city and isolated the anarchist insurgents that were launching an uprising in the city; more than two hundred insurgents died in the street fights and another hundred were executed on Christmas day, with only a few managing to link up with the militia column. They held parts of the city until New Year's Day of 1937, when they were forced to retreat, helping more than two thousand anarchists escape the city.
355:
1110:
52:
1134:
1122:
425:
ordered the offensive be cancelled, convinced that the militia lacked the sufficient means to succeed. Sanz protested the decision, as over 5,000 guerrillas were in
Zaragoza at that moment, waiting for the militia to attack. But without the prestige of his predecessor, he was unable to reverse the
457:
in
February 1937, the communists consolidated control over the government, while their own military campaigns collapsed. With the end of the militia system in sight, in April 1937, Sanz ordered one last offensive against the cities of Zaragoza and Huesca, hoping a victory would delay their
1184:
420:
They began making plans for another offensive against the city a few weeks later, with anarchist spies and saboteurs infiltrating the city in order to stage an attack, which was scheduled for 24 January 1937. Despite the preparations, the
438:(PSUC) overtook meetings of the Republican command staff. Internal disputes were exacerbated when the Ministry of Defence transferred more Communists to the Aragon front, although Sanz was able to veto the transfer of the
426:
decision and the anarchists' planned
January offensive was abandoned. In anarchist historiography, it's remembered as the last major anarchist offensive in Aragon, one that "Madrid did not want them to win".
489:, which began attacking the CNT's local institutions and breaking up the Aragonese communes, causing a conflict to break out between the two divisions. The 26th Division was dissolved into the ranks of the
458:
militarisation. But after ten days of assaults, the
Nationalists, now equipped with Italian and German equipment, managed to repel the anarchists, who themselves faced endemic supply issues.
383:
1169:
338:(FAI) and became a leader of the CNT in Catalonia. By 1933, members of Nosotros had begun to dissolve into other groups, with Sanz becoming a leader of the "Group A.", along with
327:. To avoid detention, in 1924, Sanz fled to France, where he began smuggling weapons into Catalonia. He was arrested during a smuggling expedition and imprisoned for two years.
1174:
402:
was the first choice, but he declined, in order to continue his work as
Minister of Justice. In November 1936, Sanz was chosen to take over commander of the
905:
Andrews, Nathaniel (2019). "Repression, solidarity, and a legacy of violence: Spanish anarcho-syndicalism and the years of 'pistolerismo', 1919–23".
410:
260:
1074:
993:
886:
285:
220:
435:
335:
224:
498:
445:
The intervention of the
Ministry of Defence reached its height over the subsequent months, after it was decreed that the militias be
1164:
1037:
966:
863:
481:, the anarchists lost what remained of their influence in the Republican command. Sanz's 26th Division was joined at the front by
945:
308:
212:
239:
following the death of its namesake. In command of the Aragon front, he attempted multiple unsuccessful offensives against
1179:
1089:
1100:
409:
Seeking to avenge
Durruti's death, on the night of 21 December 1936, Sanz led the column into an offensive against the
422:
244:
533:
454:
359:
1084:
494:
434:
Sanz continued to face difficulties on the Aragon front, as sectarian disputes between the anarchists and the
507:
450:
331:
301:
256:
216:
133:
112:
502:
439:
937:
Policing the
Recession: Unemployment, Social Protest and Law-and-Order in Republican Barcelona, 1930-1936
474:
470:
466:
311:, the CNT decentralised into a series of local and regional groups. With the backing of the syndicate in
529:
486:
462:
252:
168:
399:
343:
1159:
1154:
941:
490:
395:
379:
293:
200:
78:
339:
524:
Having failed to achieve his objective of capturing
Zaragoza, after the Nationalist victory in the
375:
281:
232:
208:
125:
82:
1064:
536:. He lived the remainder of his life in France, where he wrote his memoirs. Sanz died in 1986.
1070:
1051:
1043:
1033:
999:
989:
972:
962:
922:
882:
874:
859:
387:
371:
228:
184:
1015:
1126:
1114:
914:
525:
316:
297:
264:
74:
512:, the newly-appointed military governor of Aragon, was disliked by Sanz, who called him a
442:, who he denounced as "adventurers imposed upon the Spanish people against their will."
1021:
482:
446:
403:
289:
248:
236:
204:
160:
935:
354:
1148:
1138:
22:
288:(CNT), and was imprisoned for two years. Sanz joined the militant anarchist group
284:
in 1898. In 1916, he moved to
Barcelona, where he worked in textiles, joined the
398:'s death, the CNT began looking for a successor to command his militia column.
196:
1055:
1003:
976:
926:
1025:
391:
363:
856:
Red Years/Black Years: A Political History of Spanish Anarchism, 1911–1937
51:
1029:
1011:
918:
478:
414:
324:
240:
98:
1185:
Spanish military personnel of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
986:
Ready for Revolution: The CNT Defense Committees in Barcelona, 1933–1938
702:
700:
961:: Fundación de Estudios Libertarios Anselmo Lorenzo. pp. 559–560.
300:, the small group attacked trains and robbed banks associated with the
26:
958:
312:
267:, Sanz fled to France, where he remained for the rest of his life.
1047:
353:
255:, but came into conflict with Communist-aligned commanders of the
102:
243:, but was either hampered by severe weather or held back by the
207:, Sanz participated in the anarchist armed struggle against the
461:
Sanz subsequently oversaw the column's reorganisation into the
453:, a decision that many anarchists fiercely opposed. After the
251:
of the Column, he continued to command it as the reorganised
546:
El sindicalismo y la politica: los "Solidarios" y "Nosotros"
362:(left), during their organisation of militia columns at the
1066:
Diccionari biogràfic del moviment obrer als països catalans
955:
Esbozo de una enciclopedia histórica del anarquismo español
858:. Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of Human Issues.
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
721:
719:
384:
Central Committee of Antifascist Militias of Catalonia
1098:
180:
153:
145:
118:
108:
88:
61:
42:
953:Íñiguez, Miguel (2001). "Sanz Asensio, Ricardo".
33: and the second or maternal family name is
879:Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Civil War
390:of new anarchist militias, at the barracks in
374:, Sanz was one of the main organisers of the
8:
1170:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo members
50:
39:
1175:Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in France
881:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 309.
1069:. L'Abadia de Montserrat. p. 1276.
907:International Journal of Iberian Studies
552:Los que fuimos a Madrid: Columna Durruti
304:, in actions that Sanz participated in.
1105:
837:
710:
655:
591:
569:
1063:Martínez de Sas, María Teresa (2000).
988:. Oakland, CA: AK Press. p. 237.
873:Salvadó, Francisco J. Romero (2013).
7:
833:
821:
809:
797:
785:
773:
761:
749:
737:
725:
706:
691:
679:
667:
651:
639:
627:
615:
603:
436:Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia
334:, Sanz joined the newly-established
215:. Following the proclamation of the
231:, Sanz oversaw the training of the
499:Regional Defence Council of Aragon
330:Following the proclamation of the
286:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
221:Confederación Nacional del Trabajo
14:
1017:Durruti in the Spanish Revolution
558:Figuras de la revolución española
1132:
1120:
1108:
532:and was interned in a number of
280:Ricardo Sanz García was born in
276:Early life and militant activism
199:anarchist militant. A member of
946:Queen Mary University of London
309:dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
227:(FAI) in Catalonia. During the
213:dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
16:Valencian militant (1898–1986)
1:
336:Federación Anarquista Ibérica
225:Federación Anarquista Ibérica
934:Ealham, Christopher (1995).
386:(CCMA). He also oversaw the
219:, he became a leader of the
25:, the first or paternal
984:Guillamón, Agustín (2014).
465:, which was made up of the
430:Conflict and militarisation
1201:
1090:Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana
534:French concentration camps
20:
654:, pp. 156–157, 162;
358:Ricardo Sanz (right) and
49:
1165:Anarchists from Valencia
319:established a newspaper
302:Rio Tinto mining company
235:and went on to lead the
451:Spanish Republican Army
370:At the outbreak of the
360:Diego Abad de Santillán
332:Second Spanish Republic
257:Spanish Republican Army
217:Second Spanish Republic
134:Spanish Republican Army
1085:"Ricard Sanz i Garcia"
875:"Sanz García, Ricardo"
440:International Brigades
367:
854:Kern, Robert (1978).
503:José Ignacio Mantecón
477:. In the wake of the
382:, he established the
357:
307:With the rise of the
146:Years of service
1180:People from Valencia
919:10.1386/ijis_00004_1
709:, pp. 210–211;
475:199th Mixed Brigades
396:Buenaventura Durruti
380:Joan Garcia i Oliver
294:Buenaventura Durruti
201:Buenaventura Durruti
812:, pp. 231–232.
800:, pp. 210–211.
776:, pp. 214–215.
764:, pp. 212–214.
740:, pp. 211–212.
670:, pp. 156–157.
497:, who broke up the
423:Ministry of Defence
376:confederal militias
245:Ministry of Defence
233:confederal militias
203:'s insurgent group
193:Ricardo Sanz García
126:Confederal militias
44:Ricardo Sanz García
400:Juan García Oliver
368:
195:(1898–1986) was a
1076:978-84-8415-243-9
995:978-1-84935-142-3
888:978-0-8108-5784-1
642:, p. 279n31.
630:, pp. 73–74.
388:military training
372:Spanish Civil War
344:Abelardo Iglesias
229:Spanish Civil War
190:
189:
185:Spanish Civil War
1192:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1104:
1094:
1080:
1059:
1020:. Translated by
1007:
980:
949:
930:
892:
869:
841:
831:
825:
819:
813:
807:
801:
795:
789:
783:
777:
771:
765:
759:
753:
747:
741:
735:
729:
723:
714:
704:
695:
689:
683:
677:
671:
665:
659:
649:
643:
637:
631:
625:
619:
613:
607:
601:
595:
589:
526:Aragon Offensive
511:
378:. Together with
317:Manuel Buenacasa
298:Francisco Ascaso
265:Aragon Offensive
209:Spanish monarchy
173:
165:
138:
130:
113:Spanish Republic
95:
71:
69:
54:
40:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1133:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1109:
1107:
1099:
1097:
1083:
1077:
1062:
1040:
1010:
996:
983:
969:
952:
933:
904:
900:
898:Further reading
895:
889:
872:
866:
853:
849:
844:
836:, p. 314;
832:
828:
820:
816:
808:
804:
796:
792:
784:
780:
772:
768:
760:
756:
748:
744:
736:
732:
724:
717:
705:
698:
690:
686:
678:
674:
666:
662:
650:
646:
638:
634:
626:
622:
614:
610:
602:
598:
590:
571:
567:
542:
528:, Sanz fled to
522:
516:(little lord).
505:
495:Sebastián Pozas
493:, commanded by
432:
352:
350:Militia command
278:
273:
263:victory in the
176:
171:
163:
141:
136:
128:
97:
93:
92:25 October 1986
73:
72:5 November 1898
67:
65:
57:
45:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1198:
1196:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1129:
1117:
1096:
1095:
1081:
1075:
1060:
1038:
1008:
994:
981:
967:
957:(in Spanish).
950:
931:
913:(3): 173–193.
901:
899:
896:
894:
893:
887:
870:
864:
850:
848:
845:
843:
842:
840:, p. 309.
826:
824:, p. 313.
814:
802:
790:
788:, p. 215.
778:
766:
754:
752:, p. 212.
742:
730:
728:, p. 211.
715:
713:, p. 309.
696:
694:, p. 210.
684:
682:, p. 162.
672:
660:
658:, p. 309.
644:
632:
620:
608:
596:
594:, p. 309.
568:
566:
563:
562:
561:
555:
554:(Tolosa, 1969)
549:
548:(Tolosa, 1966)
541:
538:
521:
518:
483:Enrique Lister
455:fall of Málaga
431:
428:
413:-held city of
404:Durruti Column
351:
348:
340:Jacinto Toryho
290:Los Solidarios
277:
274:
272:
269:
249:militarisation
237:Durruti Column
205:Los Solidarios
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
175:
174:
166:
161:Durruti Column
157:
155:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
140:
139:
131:
122:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
96:(aged 87)
90:
86:
85:
63:
59:
58:
55:
47:
46:
43:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1197:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1140:
1130:
1128:
1118:
1116:
1106:
1102:
1093:(in Catalan).
1092:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1039:1-904859-50-X
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
991:
987:
982:
978:
974:
970:
968:9788486864453
964:
960:
956:
951:
947:
943:
939:
938:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
903:
902:
897:
890:
884:
880:
876:
871:
867:
865:0-915980-83-5
861:
857:
852:
851:
846:
839:
835:
830:
827:
823:
818:
815:
811:
806:
803:
799:
794:
791:
787:
782:
779:
775:
770:
767:
763:
758:
755:
751:
746:
743:
739:
734:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
703:
701:
697:
693:
688:
685:
681:
676:
673:
669:
664:
661:
657:
653:
648:
645:
641:
636:
633:
629:
624:
621:
618:, p. 67.
617:
612:
609:
606:, p. 42.
605:
600:
597:
593:
588:
586:
584:
582:
580:
578:
576:
574:
570:
564:
559:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
543:
539:
537:
535:
531:
527:
519:
517:
515:
509:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
487:11th Division
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
459:
456:
452:
448:
443:
441:
437:
429:
427:
424:
418:
416:
412:
407:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
365:
361:
356:
349:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
275:
270:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
253:26th Division
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
186:
183:
179:
170:
169:26th Division
167:
162:
159:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
135:
132:
127:
124:
123:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
104:
100:
91:
87:
84:
80:
76:
64:
60:
53:
48:
41:
36:
32:
28:
24:
19:
1088:
1065:
1022:Morse, Chuck
1016:
985:
954:
936:
910:
906:
878:
855:
847:Bibliography
838:Salvadó 2013
829:
817:
805:
793:
781:
769:
757:
745:
733:
711:Salvadó 2013
687:
675:
663:
656:Salvadó 2013
647:
635:
623:
611:
599:
592:Salvadó 2013
557:
551:
545:
523:
513:
491:Eastern Army
460:
444:
433:
419:
408:
394:. Following
369:
329:
321:El Productor
320:
306:
292:. Formed by
279:
259:. After the
247:. After the
192:
191:
181:Battles/wars
94:(1986-10-25)
56:Sanz in 1936
34:
30:
23:Spanish name
18:
1160:1986 deaths
1155:1898 births
506: [
463:26 Division
447:militarised
411:Nationalist
261:Nationalist
172:(1937–1939)
164:(1936–1937)
137:(1937–1939)
129:(1936–1937)
1149:Categories
1048:2006920974
565:References
520:Later life
223:(CNT) and
109:Allegiance
68:1898-11-05
1127:Biography
1115:Anarchism
1056:482919277
1026:Edinburgh
1014:(2006) .
1012:Paz, Abel
1004:913511586
977:807322760
927:1364-971X
834:Kern 1978
822:Kern 1978
810:Kern 1978
798:Kern 1978
786:Kern 1978
774:Kern 1978
762:Kern 1978
750:Kern 1978
738:Kern 1978
726:Kern 1978
707:Kern 1978
692:Kern 1978
680:Kern 1978
668:Kern 1978
652:Kern 1978
640:Kern 1978
628:Kern 1978
616:Kern 1978
604:Kern 1978
449:into the
392:Pedralbes
364:Pedralbes
271:Biography
197:Valencian
149:1936–1939
1030:AK Press
514:señorito
479:May Days
415:Zaragoza
366:barracks
325:Zaragoza
282:Valencia
241:Zaragoza
211:and the
154:Commands
99:Valencia
79:Valencia
21:In this
1101:Portals
119:Service
27:surname
1073:
1054:
1046:
1036:
1002:
992:
975:
965:
959:Madrid
925:
885:
862:
560:(1972)
530:France
313:Blanes
75:Canals
35:García
1139:Spain
540:Works
510:]
471:121st
467:120th
103:Spain
83:Spain
1071:ISBN
1052:OCLC
1044:LCCN
1034:ISBN
1000:OCLC
990:ISBN
973:OCLC
963:ISBN
923:ISSN
883:ISBN
860:ISBN
473:and
342:and
296:and
89:Died
62:Born
31:Sanz
944:).
942:PhD
915:doi
485:'s
406:.
29:is
1151::
1087:.
1050:.
1042:.
1032:.
1028::
1024:.
998:.
971:.
921:.
911:32
909:.
877:.
718:^
699:^
572:^
508:es
501:.
469:,
346:.
315:,
101:,
81:,
77:,
1103::
1079:.
1058:.
1006:.
979:.
948:.
940:(
929:.
917::
891:.
868:.
70:)
66:(
37:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
