305:, sang during Pockrich's show and was apparently intimate during his youth, but gives no later information of him. Pilkington gives does give a later mention to "Captain Poekrich, the glass projector" in his memoirs, grudgingly admitting to his value as a performer when his listener recognised him and agreed to request a concert. No reply was received, due to his unfortunate demise around the time.
124:, he believed that disease could be cured and life extended by the use of healthy donors. A description of the procedure proposes the use of servants or other physically active specimens. Anticipating the problems of immortality that might result, Pockrich proposed that an act decreeing that "anyone attaining the age of 999 years shall be deemed ... dead in law".
79:, the tale of its decline is intertwined with that of his greatest success, his musical glasses. When bailiffs came to arrest Poekrich for his debts, he entranced them with an impromptu performance on his 'angelick organ'; his subsequent pardon is given as the earliest example of a belief in the psychological effect of the instrument, later adopted by
68:. Some notices indicate that Poekrich was the name of the family, and this was the spelling he gave on his works. He is reported to have been aged 25 when his father died (1720?), so a probable year of birth has been fixed to 1695. Poekrich received a substantial inheritance, valued at a figure between £1,000 (Newburgh) and £4,000 (Pilkington).
168:, Dublin, 3 May 1743. He named the instrument an "angelic organ". His decrepit rooms were given over to development of his design and performance of it. His early method of playing, using wooden sticks, is comparable to a similar instrument, the "glassspiel" or "verrillon", designed a few years earlier on known principles.
312:
was related to
Pockrich, apparently making him the subject of a mocking poem, "The Projector", a first attempt at what would have been a 24 volume work entitled "The Pockreiad". The notes to this unfinished work detail the author's ridicule of his subject's notions, though he gives exception to his
214:
Poekrich is best remembered for the popularisation of musical glasses, via his promotion and influence, that he discovered in the later years of his life. Descriptions of his character — as a proposer of "wild" schemes — range from sympathetic views as "quixotic" to those of an "enterprising
297:
O'Donoghue expanded his work to a longer article, published as "An Irish
Musical Genius". Like other early biographers, who repeated references in the few contemporary source, the publications of their subject were largely ignored and depended on questionable views.
375:"... the ladies from London could talk of nothing but 'pictures, taste, Shakespeare, and the musical glasses.'" "Benjamin Franklin improved the instrument, and called it the "Armonica"; and for it Mozart, Hasse, Beethoven, Naumann, and other masters wrote."
284:
The article appeared as the last in volume 15 of the DNB, a bibliographic quibble notes that "Poekrich" is the correct spelling and it should have been included in the next. The brief notice given there suggests a detail on his death.
189:, who presented it on 23 April 1746 as "a concerto on 26 drinking-glasses tuned with spring water", and performances were popular for half a century. His pupils continued after the death of the originator, a performance in 1760 by one
135:
by a series of canals. Descriptions of his schemes might be seen as exaggeration or distortion by their dubious authorities, but records of advertisements placed by
Poekrich support the number of unrealised proposals.
1005:
171:
His "virtuoso" performances, accompanied by a singer, received good notices, and reported to have been a popular act. He toured around
England and Ireland. His repertoire included works by
140:
57:
423:
71:
Variations of his name include
Puckeridge or Pokeridge, or styled as 'Captain Poekrich' in contemporary notices. His unsuccessful ventures included a brewery in
669:
281:(1776), in asserting Poekrich's eminence in music, stated that performances of his instrument, while lacking great force, produced the sweetest of tones.
175:. The technique he used involved stroking the glass with sticks, but Franklin said he later switched to the "wet-finger-around-the-wine-glass" method.
1119:
983:
1134:
846:
804:
770:
468:
1139:
117:
made of tin. Despite his grand platform for election, he failed to win when he ran for
Parliament (twice, 1745 Monaghan and 1749 Dublin).
1124:
1109:
432:
884:
228:
200:, during a meeting at his home; by hammering pins and wire on the table, the visitor laid his head to hear his request for
976:
562:
Gallo, DA (November 2000). "The power of a musical instrument: Franklin, the
Mozarts, Mesmer, and the glass armonica".
178:
One popular performance was "Tell me, lovely
Shepherd", sung by a Miss Young. He published a collection of poetry, his
1114:
113:. He also proposed the development of metal-hulled ships, some 100 years before their eventual introduction, carrying
717:
869:
597:
452:
219:
150:
He toured
England with his musical glasses since about 1756; while staying in London in 1759, he died in a fire.
1129:
1031:
969:
691:
256:
240:
269:
143:. Unmarried until he was 50, Margaret White became his wife in 1745. She sailed from England with the actor
874:
313:
highly regarded musical glasses; this became a key source of information on the life of
Richard Pockrich.
193:
is mentioned in a short notice by Flood. Forde wrote an instruction manual and toured Europe and England.
1099:
1051:
102:
98:. His imagination extended to an orchestra of various sized drums, arranged to be played by one person.
49:
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147:, apparently eloping and fleeing debt, and died in a shipwreck on the Scottish coast in 1758.
144:
121:
838:
794:
164:
and is credited with their invention around 1741; he first appeared with it in public at the
571:
899:
Pilkington, John Carteret; (baron), Robert King Kingsborough; Pilkington, Laetitia (1760).
1036:
1016:
365:, crediting him as the inventor in 1741, and summarising his legacy with a quote from the
248:
45:
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Pilkington gave a description of Pockrich constructing an instrument, simulating a
128:
76:
463:. Irish Literature. Vol. 7. Philadelphia: John D. Morris. pp. 2690–703.
91:
1078:
1067:
1041:
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879:
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418:
293:
at Hamlin's Coffee-house, Sweeting's Alley, near the Royal Exchange, London."
202:
160:
61:
33:
1061:
1056:
232:, 1900, these being the first two references on the inventor and his works.
190:
95:
583:
648:, ed. by Barra Boydell and Harry White (Dublin: UCD Press, 2013), p. 844.
106:
86:
Another proposal was raising geese on barren terrain of his purchases in
743:
622:
509:
139:
He also failed in his application to become Master of the Choristers of
172:
80:
72:
65:
943:
Librorum impressorum qui in Museo britannico adservantur catalogus
542:
The Glass Armonica – Benjamin Franklin's Magical Musical Invention
186:
730:
Biggs, E. Powe (May 1957). "Benjamin Franklin and the Armonica".
662:
407:
965:
609:
Boydell, Brian (1991). "Mr. Pockrich and the Musical Glasses".
251:(c.1695–1779), attributing the relevant material to his father
158:
Pockrich eventually found success with his performances of his
127:
He made numerous other proposals, including a plan to link the
110:
44:
He was born at his family's estate Derrylusk at Aghnamallagh,
361:
asserted Richard Pockrich's importance and influence in his
64:
battles. The paternal descent was of an English family from
888:. Vol. 45. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 451.
255:
writing in 1743, and the early or contemporary sources in
226:(1891–93), and the same author's longer notice was in the
32:, was an Irish musician, and was the inventor of the
387:, 1755 at Dublin, attributed to "Poekrich (Richard)
496:Dixon, F. E. (March–May 1948). "Richard Poekrich".
828:
328:No more his mountain tops your flocks shall graze;
320:Mourn him, ye bogs, in tears discharge your tides,
36:(also known as the "Angelic organ") around 1741.
763:Verse in English from eighteenth-century Ireland
447:
445:
443:
441:
101:His political involvement included lobbying the
354:On his own pinions, Pock has winged his flight.
338:Let tempests swell the surge, no more his boat,
243:and also draws on the miscellaneous collection
350:With blood infused, and, like a meteor bright,
340:Secure from wreck, shall on the billows float;
332:Free from surprise, serenely sleep, ye lasses.
279:A Philosophical Survey of the South of Ireland
977:
344:Or nut-brown ale your dropping spirits cheer,
336:How he that waked their thunders silent fell.
324:No more shall Pockrich tap your spongy hides;
218:The earliest biographical notices began with
8:
673:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
348:Quitting his geese and bogs and glassy care,
330:Be silent, dumb, ye late harmonious glasses—
334:Let drums, unbraced, in hollow murmurs tell
984:
970:
962:
902:The real story of John Carteret Pilkington
702:(Online transcript ed.). p. 289.
326:Ye geese, ye ganders, cackle doleful lays,
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
346:To his own castles, built sublime in air,
342:No more, ye sons of Nappy, shall his beer
927:Zeitler, (O'Donahue cit. Newburgh, 1759)
835:The Oxford companion to Irish literature
686:
684:
682:
680:
938:Books, British Museum. Dept. of Printed
491:
489:
487:
400:
827:Welch, Robert; Stewart, Bruce (1996).
765:. Cork University Press. p. 319.
644:Lisa Parker: "Pockrich, Richard", in:
235:O'Donoghue notes the autobiographical
646:The Encyclopaedia of Music in Ireland
7:
273:, 1759; and his own reference work,
222:, a brief notice in his dictionary
799:. Thoemmes Continuum. p. 31.
48:, Ireland. His father, also named
14:
696:"XXV. Handel and Arne in Ireland"
1120:Inventors of musical instruments
885:Dictionary of National Biography
617:(2). Old Dublin Society: 25–33.
504:(1). Old Dublin Society: 17–32.
245:Essays, Poetical, Moral, &c.
229:Dictionary of National Biography
60:and had commanded troops in the
1135:Irish people of English descent
830:"Campbell, Thomas (1733–1796)"
316:The elegiac text of Newburgh:
185:The instrument was adopted by
1:
793:Fieser, James (1 July 2005).
598:British Medical journal, 1967
459:. In Justin McCarthy (ed.).
90:. Other schemes included an
1140:People from County Monaghan
837:. Clarendon Press. p.
424:Harvard Dictionary of Music
383:notes volume 1 of a title,
291:which broke out in his room
16:Irish musician and inventor
1156:
757:Carpenter, Andrew (1998).
718:Giovanni Battista Beccaria
277:. Campbell in a notice in
94:to pursue his interest in
1125:Irish classical musicians
1110:18th-century Irish people
1000:
875:"Pockrich, Richard"
692:Flood, William H. Grattan
576:10.1037/1093-4510.3.4.326
536:Zeitler, William (2009).
457:"An Irish Musical Genius"
265:National Music of Ireland
1032:Glass diatonic harmonica
700:A History of Irish Music
611:Dublin Historical Record
498:Dublin Historical Record
363:A History of Irish Music
241:John Carteret Pilkington
796:Early responses to Hume
670:Encyclopædia Britannica
301:Pilkington, the son of
52:(c.1666–1719), was the
377:
356:
308:Brockhill Newburgh of
295:
109:by draining the Irish
28:(c.1696/7 – 1759), or
1052:Marianne Kirchgessner
564:History of Psychology
373:
318:
287:
103:Parliament of Ireland
716:. See his letter to
270:Gentleman's Magazine
261:Philosophical Survey
54:Member of Parliament
995:(glass instruments)
635:Zeitler cites Flood
596:Newburgh, cited at
461:David J. O'Donoghue
385:Miscellaneous works
379:A catalogue of the
359:W. H. Grattan Flood
303:Laetitia Pilkington
289:"in 1759 in a fire
182:appearing in 1750.
180:Miscellaneous Works
166:Smock Alley Theatre
1115:Glass harp players
538:"Richard Pockrich"
427:, p.347. Harvard.
368:Vicar of Wakefield
253:Brockhill Newburgh
1087:
1086:
870:O'Donoghue, David
848:978-0-19-866158-0
806:978-1-84371-115-5
772:978-1-85918-104-1
759:"Thomas Newburgh"
714:Benjamin Franklin
664:"Harmonica"
470:978-1-4086-2600-9
453:O'Donoghue, David
145:Theophilus Cibber
122:blood transfusion
120:An enthusiast of
1147:
1074:Richard Pockrich
1006:Adagio and Rondo
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905:. s.n. pp.
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455:(October 2007).
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275:Poets of Ireland
224:Poets of Ireland
220:David O'Donoghue
141:Armagh Cathedral
22:Richard Pockrich
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1149:
1148:
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1037:Glass harmonica
1017:Cristal baschet
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249:Thomas Newburgh
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749:
738:(3): 231–241.
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705:
676:
661:, ed. (1911).
659:Chisholm, Hugh
650:
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483:
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381:British Museum
211:
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88:County Wicklow
41:
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946:. p. 277
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720:, July 1762."
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1100:1690s births
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1022:Dean Shostak
1004:
948:. Retrieved
942:
932:
923:
911:. Retrieved
901:
894:
883:
864:
852:. Retrieved
834:
822:
810:. Retrieved
795:
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776:. Retrieved
762:
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545:. Retrieved
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474:. Retrieved
460:
422:
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388:
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366:
362:
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310:County Cavan
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126:
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100:
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77:Islandbridge
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25:
21:
20:
18:
1105:1759 deaths
950:19 November
913:19 November
880:Lee, Sidney
854:18 November
812:18 November
778:18 November
547:18 November
476:17 November
419:Apel, Willi
263:; Conran's
92:observatory
1094:Categories
1079:Verrophone
1068:Ranat kaeo
1042:Glass harp
1027:Glasschord
712:Zeitler, "
395:References
247:(1769) by
203:Black Joke
62:Williamite
34:glass harp
30:Puckeridge
1062:Terpodion
1057:Pyrophone
191:Anne Ford
115:lifeboats
107:vineyards
96:astrology
56:(MP) for
940:(1817).
872:(1896).
744:20026409
694:(1905).
623:30100984
584:11855437
510:30083913
421:(1969).
371:(1761),
198:dulcimer
58:Monaghan
26:Poekrich
882:(ed.).
732:Dædalus
237:Memoirs
75:, near
50:Richard
845:
803:
769:
742:
621:
582:
508:
467:
431:
267:; the
210:Legacy
173:Handel
81:Mesmer
73:Dublin
66:Surrey
878:. In
740:JSTOR
619:JSTOR
506:JSTOR
389:esqr.
187:Gluck
154:Works
952:2010
915:2010
856:2010
843:ISBN
814:2010
801:ISBN
780:2010
767:ISBN
580:PMID
549:2010
478:2010
465:ISBN
429:ISBN
408:ODNB
131:and
111:bogs
40:Life
907:132
572:doi
259:'s
239:of
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