265:
693:. Given the abundance of RuBP in biological samples, an added difficulty is distinguishing particular reservoirs of the substrate, such as the RuBP internal to a chloroplast vs external. One approach to resolving this is by subtractive inference, or measuring the total RuBP of a system, removing a reservoir (e.g. by centrifugation), re-measuring the total RuBP, and using the difference to infer the concentration in the given repository.
48:
35:
568:
385:
494:
at UC Berkeley. Calvin, who had been away from the lab at the time of discovery and was not listed as a co-author, controversially removed the full molecule name from the title of the initial paper, identifying it solely as "ribulose". At the time, the molecule was known as
529:. The product is the highly unstable six-carbon intermediate known as 3-keto-2-carboxyarabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate, or 2'-carboxy-3-keto-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate (CKABP). This six-carbon
637:
to become 3-PGA and phosphoglycolic acid. Like the Calvin-Benson Cycle, the photorespiratory pathway has been noted for its enzymatic inefficiency although this characterization of the
1072:
Mauser, H.; King, W. A.; Gready, J. E.; Andrews, T. J. (2001). "CO2 Fixation by
Rubisco: Computational Dissection of the Key Steps of Carboxylation, Hydration, and C−C Bond Cleavage".
1037:
Lorimer, G. H.; Andrews, T. J.; et al. (1986). "2´-carboxy-3-keto-D-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate, the six-carbon intermediate of the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase reaction".
1538:
Niewiadomska, E.; Borland, A. M. (2008). "Crassulacean Acid
Metabolism: A Cause or Consequence of Oxidative Stress in Planta?". In Lüttge, U.; Beyschlag, W.; Murata, J. (eds.).
398:
584:
for the enzyme rubisco, which regulates the net activity of carbon fixation. When RuBP is bound to an active site of rubisco, the ability to activate via carbamylation with
126:
595:
is blocked. The functionality of rubisco activase involves removing RuBP and other inhibitory bonded molecules to re-enable carbamylation on the active site.
304:
641:
of rubisco have been contested. Due to enhanced RuBP carboxylation and decreased rubisco oxygenation stemming from the increased concentration of
1726:
Note that G3P is a 3-carbon sugar so its abundance should be twice that of the 6-carbon RuBP, after accounting for rates of enzymatic catalysis.
1271:
Taylor, Thomas C.; Andersson, Inger (1997). "The structure of the complex between rubisco and its natural substrate ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate".
1555:
1327:
1179:
951:
761:
47:
1752:
1574:
Latzko, E.; Gibbs, M. (1972). "Measurement of the intermediates of the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle, using enzymatic methods".
1400:
Kebeish, R.; Niessen, M.; et al. (2007). "Chloroplastic photorespiratory bypass increases photosynthesis and biomass production in
1343:
Keys, A. J.; Sampaio, E. V. S. B.; et al. (1977). "Effect of
Temperature on Photosynthesis and Photorespiration of Wheat Leaves".
1591:
786:
462:. Salts of RuBP can be isolated, but its crucial biological function happens in solution. RuBP occurs not only in plants but in all
279:
1236:
Spreitzer, R. J.; Salvucci, M. E. (2002). "Rubisco: Structure, Regulatory
Interactions, and Possibilities for a Better Enzyme".
1108:
405:
663:
288:
InChI=1S/C5H12O11P2/c6-3(1-15-17(9,10)11)5(8)4(7)2-16-18(12,13)14/h3,5-6,8H,1-2H2,(H2,9,10,11)(H2,12,13,14)/t3-,5-/m1/s1
222:
243:
686:
557:
1747:
34:
1742:
802:
Tabita, F. R. (1999). "Microbial ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase: A different perspective".
1308:"Carbon Metabolism and Photorespiration: Temperature Dependence in Relation to Other Environmental Factors"
712:
561:
1314:. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration. Vol. 5. Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 191–221.
1165:
60:
666:
due to kinetic delays in enzyme activation, again stemming from the ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen.
843:
1046:
553:
260:
968:
625:, a process that is more prevalent at high temperatures. During photorespiration RuBP combines with
707:
545:
516:
92:
1450:
Leegood, R. C.; Lea, P. J.; et al. (1995). "The regulation and control of photorespiration".
1520:
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743:
425:
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1379:
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1315:
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604:
581:
463:
327:
166:
231:
649:
638:
549:
443:
433:
102:
1463:
1197:"Inhibition of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase by substrate ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate"
1150:
1050:
264:
146:
1383:
717:
541:(3-PGA) which is used in a number of metabolic pathways and is converted into glucose.
526:
429:
376:
1698:
1673:
1649:
1624:
1213:
1196:
903:
Benson, A. A. (1951). "Identificiation of
Ribulose in C14O2 Photosynthesis Products".
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1583:
491:
487:
17:
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886:
823:
1524:
1169:
1023:
690:
534:
211:
1485:
Bathellier, C.; Tcherkez, G.; et al. (2018). "Rubisco is not really so bad".
1547:
447:
1007:
938:. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration. Vol. 20. pp. 795–813.
862:
815:
361:
157:
1601:
943:
1370:
Sharkey, T. D. (1988). "Estimating the rate of photorespiration in leaves".
1319:
533:
intermediate hydrates into another six-carbon intermediate in the form of a
530:
1707:
1658:
1516:
1425:
1356:
1284:
1257:
1137:
Hatch, M. D.; Slack, C. R. (1970). "Photosynthetic CO2-Fixation
Pathways".
1093:
1058:
1015:
878:
567:
1609:
1292:
1222:
753:
1578:. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 24. Academic Press. pp. 261–268.
471:
459:
1689:
1640:
1625:"Level of Photosynthetic Intermediates in Isolated Spinach Chloroplasts"
1471:
916:
1507:
748:. Advances in Photosynthesis. Vol. 9. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
702:
522:
475:
467:
198:
1498:
1085:
870:
571:
The Calvin-Benson cycle showing the role of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate.
455:
451:
1674:"Measurement of Ribulose 1,5-Bisphosphate from Spinach Chloroplasts"
1417:
375:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
186:
932:"Following the path of carbon in photosynthesis: a personal story"
566:
504:
137:
125:
115:
742:
Leegood, R. C.; Sharkey, T. D.; von
Caemmerer, S., eds. (2000).
500:
177:
1115:. The Community College of Baltimore County, Catonsville Campus
934:. In Govindjee; Beatty, J. T.; Gest, H.; Allen, J. F. (eds.).
521:
The enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (
248:
507:
to emphasize the nonadjacency of the two phosphate groups.
1166:"The Light Independent Reactions (aka the Calvin Cycle)"
537:. This intermediate then cleaves into two molecules of
393:
969:"Along the trail from Fraction I protein to Rubisco (
1672:Sicher, R. C.; Bahr, J. T.; Jensen, R. G. (1979).
511:Role in photosynthesis and the Calvin-Benson Cycle
844:"Discovery of the canonical Calvin–Benson cycle"
210:
261:DTXSID301344111 DTXSID30173837, DTXSID301344111
101:
1445:
1443:
1395:
1393:
442:in plants. It is a colourless anion, a double
1569:
1567:
837:
835:
833:
652:, rates of photorespiration are decreased in
8:
1164:Bartee, L.; Shriner, W.; Creech, C. (2017).
1132:
1130:
898:
896:
781:(3rd ed.). New York: Worth Publishing.
662:. Similarly, photorespiration is limited in
1576:Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Fixation Part B
525:) catalyzes the reaction between RuBP and
263:
165:
26:
1697:
1648:
1506:
1212:
745:Photosynthesis: Physiology and Metabolism
609:Rubisco also catalyzes RuBP with oxygen (
230:
1250:10.1146/annurev.arplant.53.100301.135233
905:Journal of the American Chemical Society
681:
656:
644:
587:
436:
1719:
1306:Leegood, R. C.; Edwards, G. E. (2004).
729:
309:
284:
259:
1174:. Open Oregon Educational Resources.
779:Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry
737:
735:
733:
291:Key: YAHZABJORDUQGO-NQXXGFSBSA-N
145:
7:
689:. G3P can then be measured using an
490:in 1951 while working in the lab of
1195:Jordan, D. B.; Chollet, R. (1983).
1151:10.1146/annurev.pp.21.060170.001041
201:
185:
1542:. Vol. 69. pp. 247–266.
1384:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb09205.x
1312:Photosynthesis and the Environment
777:Nelson, D. L.; Cox, M. M. (2000).
486:RuBP was originally discovered by
351:
25:
1464:10.1093/jxb/46.special_issue.1397
1139:Annual Review of Plant Physiology
312:O=P(O)(OCC(=O)(O)(O)COP(=O)(O)O)O
383:
339:
46:
33:
1201:Journal of Biological Chemistry
379:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
40:The acid form of the RuBP anion
1623:Latzko, E.; Gibbs, M. (1969).
1452:Journal of Experimental Botany
1345:Journal of Experimental Botany
1238:Annual Review of Plant Biology
345:
333:
1:
1214:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)43982-2
1109:"Light Independent Reactions"
936:Discoveries in Photosynthesis
499:(RDP or RuDP) but the prefix
1584:10.1016/0076-6879(72)24073-3
1548:10.1007/978-3-540-72954-9_10
1273:Journal of Molecular Biology
1039:Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B
454:-containing sugar with five
1487:Plant, Cell and Environment
621:) in an interaction called
548:, RuBP is a product of the
432:, notably as the principal
1769:
1753:Monosaccharide derivatives
687:glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
602:
558:glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
514:
28:Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
1310:. In Baker, N. R. (ed.).
863:10.1007/s11120-018-0600-2
576:Interactions with rubisco
418:Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
373:
320:
300:
275:
85:
77:
59:
54:
45:
32:
944:10.1007/1-4020-3324-9_71
599:Role in photorespiration
80:Ribulose 1,5-diphosphate
1320:10.1007/0-306-48135-9_7
1008:10.1023/A:1020467601966
996:Photosynthesis Research
967:Wildman, S. G. (2002).
851:Photosynthesis Research
842:Sharkey, T. D. (2018).
816:10.1023/A:1006211417981
804:Photosynthesis Research
691:enzymatic optical assay
1285:10.1006/jmbi.1996.0738
1113:Biol 230: Microbiology
1059:10.1098/rstb.1986.0046
930:Benson, A. A. (2005).
713:3-Phosphoglyceric acid
678:via the conversion of
572:
1372:Physiologia Plantarum
1171:Principles of Biology
754:10.1007/0-306-48137-5
676:measured isotopically
570:
18:Ribulose bisphosphate
1406:Nature Biotechnology
1402:Arabidopsis thaliana
1357:10.1093/jxb/28.3.525
554:ribulose-5-phosphate
497:ribulose diphosphate
428:that is involved in
1690:10.1104/pp.64.5.876
1641:10.1104/pp.44.3.396
1207:(22): 13752–13758.
1080:(44): 10821–10829.
1051:1986RSPTB.313..397L
917:10.1021/ja01150a545
708:Calvin-Benson cycle
546:Calvin-Benson cycle
517:Calvin-Benson Cycle
369: g·mol
29:
1540:Progress in Botany
664:CAM photosynthesis
639:enzymatic kinetics
573:
539:3-phosphoglycerate
406:Infobox references
27:
1557:978-3-540-72954-9
1499:10.1111/pce.13149
1329:978-0-7923-4316-5
1181:978-1-63635-041-7
1086:10.1021/ja011362p
1045:(1162): 397–407.
953:978-1-4020-3324-7
763:978-0-7923-6143-5
426:organic substance
414:Chemical compound
412:
411:
244:CompTox Dashboard
127:Interactive image
71:
16:(Redirected from
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1678:Plant Physiology
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605:Photorespiration
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582:enzyme inhibitor
580:RuBP acts as an
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328:Chemical formula
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550:phosphorylation
519:
513:
503:was changed to
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464:domains of life
444:phosphate ester
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1743:Photosynthesis
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1684:(5): 876–879.
1664:
1635:(3): 396–402.
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1493:(4): 705–716.
1477:
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1412:(5): 593–599.
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1362:
1351:(3): 525–533.
1335:
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1279:(4): 432–444.
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1107:Kaiser, G. E.
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857:(2): 235–252.
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718:Photosynthesis
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685:and RuBP into
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527:carbon dioxide
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458:atoms) called
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1458:: 1397–1414.
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86:Identifiers
78:Other names
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1508:1885/231026
1244:: 449–475.
1145:: 141–162.
985:arboxylase-
670:Measurement
448:ketopentose
321:Properties
147:CHEBI:16710
68:-phosphono-
1737:Categories
989:xygenase)"
981:phosphate
724:References
603:See also:
531:β-ketoacid
515:See also:
362:Molar mass
232:BR374X7NAH
158:ChemSpider
114:3D model (
93:CAS Number
61:IUPAC name
1602:0076-6879
103:2002-28-0
72:-ribulose
1708:16661073
1659:16657074
1517:29359811
1472:23694986
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1258:12221984
1094:11686683
1016:16245127
887:53092349
879:30374727
824:21975329
810:: 1–28.
697:See also
535:gem-diol
472:Bacteria
460:ribulose
440:acceptor
424:) is an
1610:4670193
1525:3718311
1293:9034362
1223:6417133
1047:Bibcode
1024:7622999
871:1607740
703:Rubisco
648:in the
544:In the
523:rubisco
482:History
476:Eukarya
468:Archaea
446:of the
399:what is
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1468:JSTOR
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