River Stour, Suffolk - Knowledge (XXG)

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house survives but the mill building was destroyed by fire in 1978. At Pentlow, a long range dating from the 18th century contains both the mill and the mill house. The timber frame is clad with red bricks, and both parts are now residential. At Lyston Mill, the weather-boarded timber-framed mill house remains, although the mill itself was demolished in 1887 after a period of disuse. Borley Mill is a large timber-framed structure with three storeys, with a gabled lucombe projecting from the roof. It was a corn mill until 1916, and was then used to produce anilmal feed until it closed in 1969. In the 1940s there was probably a steam engine at the site, but the tall chimney has since been demolished. On the outskirts of Sudbury, the building at Brundon Mill dates from the 18th century. Water power was supplemented by a steam engine from 1857 until cereal milling ceased in 1923. It was converted into a house in 1932. Sudbury Mill is a four-storey structure, parts of which date from the 17th and 18th centuries, but most of it date from 1890. The water wheel, installed in 1889, still turns, although it does not drive machinery. A steam-powered roller mill was added in the early 20th century, and it was producing animal feed when it closed in 1964. The building is now the Mill Hotel.

3176:, known as elvers, from being sucked into the machinery and killed. The new screens were positioned on the river side of the existing intake structure, and the rotating bandscreen was supplied by Hydrolox in 2019. It is 13 feet (3.9 m) wide and 15 feet (4.7 m) tall, and the 0.079-inch (2 mm) mesh was much finer than the course mesh originally in use at the site. A comprehensive upgrade of the Stratford St Mary's pumping station was undertaken in 2020, in view of the ageing technology and the fact that it is now licensed to abstract 36 million imperial gallons (164 Ml) per day, more than four times the amount for which it was originally designed. The pumps were replaced, allowing the volume of water removed from the river to vary between 4.4 million imperial gallons (20 Ml) per day to the full amount of the licence. New screens were required on the intake from the river, to protect elvers. A rotating screen supplied by Hydrolux was selected after considering various options, and this was cantilevered off the existing bandscreen building, to minimise disturbance to the river bed. 3020:

river. Numerous meetings took place over the following two decades, but little was achieved, and the river continued to deteriorate. Meadows near Flatford were regularly flooded by water passing up the south channel, and while tides passing up the north channel normally only reached Judas Gap, high spring tides could sometimes reach Flatford. The South Essex Waterworks Company wanted to extract more water from the river immediately following the Second World War, and this was granted on condition that they improved flood defences where the river reached the estuary. This work involved improving the weir at Judas Gap, and constructing a barrage across the south channel. It had 56 gravity-controlled gates, which could be used to allow fresh water to leave the river, but prevent salt water from entering it, and was known as the 56 Gate. Following its completion in 1948, land upstream of the 56 Gate was reclaimed for argicultural use.

3027:, much thought was given as to how to protect coastal communities from such events, and in 1969 a new flood defence scheme was implemented. A dam with a sluice through it was built across the north channel below Cattawade Bridge at Brantham, while sluice gates were fitted across the south channel. The project also included building Cattawade Bypass, which travels over the flood defence dam at Brantham. These changes meant that there was fresh water habitat all the way down to the defences. A new weir containing a fish pass replaced the structure at Judas Gap, and this has resulted in the mill pond at Flatford always being fairly full, even in dry summers. The 56 Gate was no longer needed and the work, which was paid for jointly by Suffolk County Council and the Essex Water Company, was completed in 1971. 2994:

non-powered craft, but have to be portaged around various fixed structures, often located where the locks once were. However, the Environment Agency are considering allowing the use of electric-powered boats on the lower river, and the River Stour Trust has permission to use electric trip boats on this section. The locks at Great Cornard, Stratford St Mary, Dedham and Flatford must be operated by Environment Agency staff, and advance notice of intent to navigate through them must be given. The locks rebuilt in 1928 were 95 feet (29 m) long, and 10 feet (3.0 m) wide, with a draught of 2.75 feet (0.84 m). Dedham and Flatford locks have tilting weir structures fitted within them, and navigating them is not possible when the weirs are being used as part of the flood defences of the river.

3134:, construction of which was authorised by the same Act. The consents allowed the company to extract up to 35 million imperial gallons (160 Ml) per day, but required that 4 million imperial gallons (18 Ml) per day must continue down the river to Flatford and beyond. This was more than the river could supply, and so only the minimum allowed continued downstream. This reduced flow caused tides to flow upstream as far as Flatford, and the salt content of the tidal water was highly detrimental to the flora and fauna of the river corridor. The solution adopted was to build a further extraction point at Brantham, which meant that the flow past Stratford St Mary could be increased to 7 million imperial gallons (32 Ml) per day, and the extra abstracted at Brantham. 3056:

Great Henny is another site where only the mill house survives. It is an early 19th-century timber-framed building with a hipped slate roof. The mill ceased production before the Second World War, and was subsequently damaged by bombing, leading to it being demolished when the war ended. Bures Mill is a timber-framed building, parts of which are weatherboarded, but much of it is now covered in corrugated asbestos panels. Wiston or Wissington Mill is Grade II* listed. It dates from the 18th and 19th centuries, and internally still contains the milling machinery, while externally parts of the water wheel remain. Part of the mill has been converted into a house, including a wing dating from the 16th century.

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building was reconstructed in brick around 1779, and ceased operating in 1912. It was later demolished to make way for a pumping station. Flatford Mill is well known because of the paintings of John Constable. It carries a date stone showing 1733, but may include some earlier material. The structure includes a granary to the rear, and a 19th-century wing adjoining the granary. Much of it is constructed of red brick, with some weatherboarding. It was owned and operated by the Constable family from the mid-18th century until 1901, when milling ceased, due to competition from more efficient mills. After a period of decay it was restored and given to the

2807: 3040:. Because the river forms the boundary between Suffolk and Essex for most of its length, those on the left bank are generally in Suffolk, and those on the right bank are in Essex. The furthest upstream is Kedington, where a mill was known to exist in 1066, but had been demolished by 1086. The present building dates from the 18th century, and was a corn mill until 1901. It is Grade II listed, as is the adjacent 17th-century mill house. Wixoe Mill is also an 18th-century building, constructed with a timber frame with weatherboarding on a brick base. The mill house and stables are nearby. 2872:. c. 75) was obtained. New commissioners included Golding Constable, the father of the painter John Constable, and two brothers of the painter Thomas Gainsborough, Samuel and John. The act also empowered the new commissioners to build a towpath along the entire navigable section, and to maintain bridges, stiles and gates. Golding Constable and William Strutt had surveyed the river by September 1782, and a programme of dredging was carried out. Income from tolls was £700 in 1782, but this had doubled by 1817, with a large proportion of the revenue derived from the carriage of coal. 3122: 3204: 2913: 2686: 3048: 3007: 3165:. The remaining water increased the flow on the Stour to the pumping stations further downstream. In 2006, further extensions were made to the scheme, as part of a plan to increase the capacity of Abberton Reservoir by 60 percent. Essex and Suffolk Water can extract 99 million imperial gallons (450 Ml) per day from the Great Ouse, and the Kirtling Brook was too small to cope with this amount. A gravity pipeline was therefore built between Kirtling Green and Wixoe. Downstream, a new pumping station was built at 3188: 42: 2921:

successfully. Trade in bricks from the brickworks at Ballingdon Cut and in flour held up for some time, despite railway competition, but in 1892 the proprietors applied for an abandonment order. This was refused, as the river had not been disused for the required three years. Instead they formed a limited company, the River Stour Navigation Company Ltd. By 1906, tolls were no longer adequate to pay for maintenance, and on 8 October 1914, the company declared itself bankrupt.

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from London. This provided insufficient capital to complete the work, and the subscribers were asked for more money. £9,000 was raised, of which £6,500 was spent on the navigation works, £800 on 16 barges, and £1,700 on warehousing and other amenities. It is not known if there was an official opening, but in May 1709 barges carried 2,211 tons of coal from Manningtree up the navigation to Sudbury. The company was continually short of money, and in 1722

2525: 2299: 4871: 3216: 2764:. A long list of commissioners was established, and the work was to be carried out by the mayor and aldermen of Sudbury and ten others. It had to be started before 24 June 1708 and completed by 24 June 1713. In order to placate the millers, they were given rights to carry millstones and building materials for their mills without payment of tolls. A towpath would be provided on parts of the river, but the path was intermittent. 665: 2265: 1884: 1855: 1108: 2407: 2109: 1720: 1626: 1519: 1429: 1410: 58: 2600: 2475: 1920: 1891: 1862: 1747: 1653: 1539: 1499: 1333: 1081: 2414: 2150: 2089: 2042: 2022: 1967: 1740: 1122: 1067: 1040: 970: 2623: 2489: 2482: 2455: 2448: 2326: 2258: 2231: 2177: 2116: 2069: 1983: 1940: 1835: 1808: 1774: 1673: 1606: 1559: 1452: 1403: 1367: 1272: 1192: 1178: 1129: 1074: 1020: 3073:

Mill, which was recorded in 1086. It may have been a tide mill at that time, and was definitely so later on. It was rebuilt in 1778, and subsequently became a steam-powered roller mill, producing cereals. It ceased to operate in the 1930s, although it was used as a pepper mill during the Second World War, but was damaged during the conflict. The remains were destroyed by fire in 1965.

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jump over fences, of which there were 123 in 1850, and 20 locations where the horse was transferred to the opposite bank by jumping onto the moving barge and jumping off again at the other side. In 1862 the proprietors investigated steam barges, and ordered one which arrived in 1863. It was not a success, and despite various modifications, was out of use by 1867.

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the remaining locks. Meanwhile, the Trust encourages use of the river by small craft and organises annual events for all age groups and abilities on different parts of it. Boat trips and private charters, skippered by volunteer crews from the Trust, are available in Flatford and Sudbury between Easter and October.

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turbine was installed at the mill. Rated at 11 kW, it was expected to provide around a third of the energy used by the field studies centre. Work has since been carried out to improve the efficiency of the turbine, and to install a fish pass. The lowest mill on the river was Brantham or Green's

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Boxted Mill house is a two-storey building with attics, but the mill building was demolished in the 1920s. At Langham, there was a corn mill and a fulling mill in 1086, but the fulling mill was demolished around 1510. In 1752, it was recorded that the remaining mill could fulfil either function. The

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The river and its tribtaries have been an important source of power to the communities that live near them since at least the time of the Domesday Book of 1086. Some 45 water mills are known to have existed along their banks. Many of the sites are identifiable from modern maps. In some cases, either

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discharged into the upper reaches of the river, and extracted again by the pumping stations. A third extraction point was added near Brantham, so that volumes of water flowing through Flatford could be maintained at a higher level for the benefit of tourists. To prevent salt water entering the river

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The Stour Valley Adventure Centre hires out canoes, kayaks and paddle boards from a centre in Sudbury. The craft can be borrowed by the hour, and they also offer a two-day paddle from Sudbury to Cattawade, with transport to and from the start and end points to a campsite in Nayland, which forms the

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was them promoted. The promoters tried to buy out the navigation, but rejected the asking price of £1,000 per share. Income on the navigation peaked at £3,400 in 1848, but had dropped to £1,400 by 1852, when the railway was operating. The towing path was far from satisfactory, with horses having to

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was set up in 1968 to campaign for greater use of the river for navigation. It has worked to refurbish four locks, and to run boat trips from Flatford and Sudbury. The river can be used by unpowered craft between Sudbury and Cattawade, but powered boats are normally only allowed between Sudbury and

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were replaced by 15 pound locks in the 19th century. The river was reasonably profitable at the beginning of the 19th century, but the advent of the railways led to a steady decline from 1852 onwards. Attempts to abandon it were thwarted by legal difficulties, but in 1914 the River Stour Navigation

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Baythorne Mill in Birdbrook dates from the 18th century, but was extended in the 19th century, when a building to house a steam engine and a tall chimney were added. It retains its mill wheel, although it is not operational, and some rare early leaded glass windows. At Clare, the 19th-century mill

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authorising him to make the river navigable from Manningtree to Sudbury. No progress was made, due to unrest around the time of the civil war, Spencer's pre-occupation with a similar project on the River Ouse, and his own financial difficulties. A similar scheme was proposed by Mr Maynard in 1658,

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group, was set up in 1968 to protect and enhance the right of the public to navigate the River Stour. The trust seeks to restore through navigation from Sudbury to the sea, following on the successful restoration of the locks at Stratford St Mary, Dedham, Flatford and Great Cornard, by reinstating

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Unusually for a navigation, the act did not specify how money to fund the project should be raised. In practice, 48 shares with a value of £100 were issued. Cornelius Denn bought 24, while the other 24 were split between Dean Cock and some clothiers from Sudbury. Denn and Cock were both merchants

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were constructed. The posts on which the lock gates hung were continued above the top of the lock, and a lintel spanned the lock to prevent the posts collapsing inwards. Timber sides to the locks later replaced the earth walls, and in the 19th century the flash locks were removed, while the pound

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Great Cornard was the first site where a lock was needed to navigate around the mill. The mill house dates from the 18th century, with later additions. The family of Edward Baker ran the mill from 1851 to 1967, after which it produced animal feed. The site has since been redeveloped for housing.

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An Act for appointing new Commissioners for continuing to carry into Execution the Trusts and Powers of an Act passed in the Fourth and Fifth Years of the Reign of Her late Majesty Queen Anne, intituled, "An Act for making the River Stower navigable, from the Town of Maningtree, in the County of

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created a Drainage Board responsible for flood control of the area in 1918. Three years later, they requested the Navigation Trust to remove the locks at Horkesley and Boxted, and to permanently open the paddles on the locks at Langham and Stratford St Mary, to aid the passage of water down the

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that railways would never offer serious competition in the carriage of heavy goods, the proprietors spent £12,000 on a modernisation programme, involving the construction of towing paths and a cut to bypass a long loop at Wormingford, which included two new locks. Tolls for using the river were

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in 1995. Powered boats are only allowed to use the section of the river near Sudbury from Ballingdon Bridge to Henny Mill, and a speed limit of 4 mph (6.4 km/h) is enforced. The rest of the once-navigable river from Brundon Mill to Cattawade can be used by canoes, kayaks and other

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popular at the time, and is painted white. At the treatment works, the control room, primary filter house and chemical house are all built in the same Modernist style, and were listed because they form a good example of the style in largely unaltered form. There is a detached house and six

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There was a steady decline in traffic between 1864 and 1873, with many commodities dropping by 50 percent. Dividends were reduced from ten percent to two percent over the same period, and maintenance was less frequent, although a self-acting dredging crane was obtained in 1879, and worked

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the mill or the associated mill house is named, while in others, multiple channels and an obvious mill pond show their location. Below Sudbury, most of the locks were associated with a mill. None of the mills are still operational, but where the buildings still exist, most are now

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There was growing enthusiasm for canal restoration projects in the 1950s, and a group of canoeists from the Chelmsford Boat Club paddled down the lower reaches of the river on 17 October 1954, as part of a campaign to revive interest in the navigation. With the creation of the

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What they did is unknown, for in 1703 the mayor and corporation of Sudbury presented a bill to Parliament to make the river navigable. Little and Dodd objected, as they already had rights under the Letters Patent, but their case was dismissed, and an act of Parliament, the

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Although the Langham pumping station was completed in 1932, the company was convinced that it would be short of water by 1940, and obtained a second Act of Parliament to allow it to build an extraction point at Stratford St Mary. Water would be pumped southwards to

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There are no known records detailing use of the river by boats prior to the 17th century, but in 1634, Daniel Biatt, the mayor of Sudbury, met with Mr Doctor Warren and Mr Spencer to plan how to make the river navigable. On 11 December 1638 Spencer obtained

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rebuilt the locks at Brantham, Flatford, Stratford and Dedham in 1928 at a cost of £20,000, replacing the wooden sides with concrete walls. There was some traffic by millers until about 1930, but the Trust was finally dissolved on 19 March 1937.

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After the Navigation Trust declared itself bankrupt, the state of the river steadily declined, as locks decayed and fallen trees were not removed from the river. The lack of maintenance resulted in flooding of agricultural land, and so the

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It is quite possible that the various Stours do not share a common origin and that they need to be considered in their own terms rather than as a single problem. Certainly there is currently no universally-accepted explanation.

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word with two distinct meanings and derivations, still current enough to appear in most substantial dictionaries. As an adjective, with Germanic roots, it signifies "large, powerful" (in present-day Scandinavian languages

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Essex, to the Town of Sudbury, in the County of Suffolk," in the Room and Place of those named in the said Act, who are since dead; and for explaining and amending the said Act; and for other Purposes therein mentioned.

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The river from Cattawade barrage to Orwell Haven is tidal and used by large ships. The channel is dredged to 17 feet (5 m), and this section should only be navigated by those experienced in tidal river navigation.

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means "big, great"). As a noun, from medieval French roots, it signifies "tumult, commotion; confusion" or an "armed battle or conflict". Wiktionary also adds "blowing or deposit of dust", the primary definition in the

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The earliest known settlement on the river in Suffolk was at Great Bradley, where human occupation has been recorded for over 5,000 years. During the Anglo-Saxon era, the river became the boundary between the

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The commissioners failed to elect new members as older ones died, and by the 1770s there were only two left. Since a quorum of 15 was required to appoint new commissioners, a second act of Parliament, the

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Henny Mill, although the Trust has permission to run an electric boat at Flatford. Canoes and kayaks have to be portaged around the former locks where these have been replaced by fixed weirs and sluices.

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to refurbish the gates at Dedham Lock, to make them watertight, and the repairs lasted until they were declared to be unsafe in 2014. At the end of 1995, the Trust received a grant of £167,890 from the

3109:. Reconstruction of the locks at Stratford, Dedham, Flatford and Brantham was a condition of the planning consent for the works. Although not a listed building, the pumping station was added to the 2663:

but again no progress was made. By the late 1600s, John Little and Benjamin Dodd had obtained the rights of the Letters Patent, and later claimed they had spent a lot of money improving the river.

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restructured, and there was a proposal in 1842 to upgrade the river for a further 8 miles (13 km) to Clare, but the scheme was not pursued due to the cost and the number of locks required.

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semi-detached houses built in a similar style to the south of the works, probably designed as housing for the staff, and a service reservoir to the east with its own Modernist pumping station.

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noted that the navigation was not really adequate. The company ceased in 1736 to be solely responsible for barge traffic on the river, and allowed anyone to use it on payment of a toll.

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The continued expansion of housing stocks in south-east Essex meant that still more water was needed and in 1964, the Ely-Ouse to Essex Transfer Scheme was initiated. Water from the

505:) extracting water at Langham and then Stratford St Mary pumping stations. As the demand for water grew, the Ely-Ouse to Essex Transfer Scheme was implemented, with water from the 3187: 3081:

The river plays an inportant role in the supply of drinking water to residents of Essex. Langham Mill had ceased to operate by 1924, and in 1928 South East Essex Waterworks (now

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The River Stour Action Committee formed a trust in 1967, backed by the Essex Rural Community Council, to focus on restoration of the locks and the navigation. This became the

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The shareholders then formed a Trust, and although the last barge to reach Sudbury did so in 1916, there was limited traffic on the lower reaches of the river. The

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The origins of its name are unclear, but several possibilities have been proposed by scholars. The entire non-tidal river above Manningtree is designated as the

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where it discharges into Kirtling Brook, a tributary of the Stour. The extra water flows along the Stour, where some of it is abstracted by a pumping station at

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Judas Gap weir was rebuilt by South Essex Waterwork Co in 1948, as a condition for increasing the amount of drinking water extracted from the river.

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An Act for making the River Stower navigable, from the Town of Maningtree, in the County of Essex, to the Town of Sudbury, in the County of Suffolk.

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To comply with the Eels (England and Wales) Regulations 2009, new screens were required on the intake from the river at Brantham, to prevent young

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As trade improved, so did the river's profitability, with a dividend of 11 percent paid in 1817. There were proposals to build links to

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to help with the construction of Great Cornard lock. Additional funds came from the Trust's own fund and from local councils.

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in Essex. It is an area of rural beauty on both sides of the river, covering around 35 square miles (90 km) in total.

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The act also allowed winches and other engines to be set up on the banks, so that boats could be hauled through the

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in October 1966, and the first edition carried details of a working party at Brantham Lock, to begin restoration.

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valley, sluices and a barrage were built at Cattawade, preventing boats from entering the river from the estuary.

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at Ballingdon Bridge, to the south-west of Sudbury, below which it is officially navigable. It continues through

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are all on the left bank of the river. The River Glem joins it on the left bank, before it passes to the west of

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In July 2019 sections of the river ran dry because of low rainfall and debris blocking flows at Bures Mill. The

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c. 1815. John Nash, who was an official war artist, settled in the Stour valley and is buried at St Andrew's at

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From 1928 onwards, the river became a major source of drinking water, with South East Essex Waterworks (now

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The whole of the river valley above Manningtree is a designated National Landscape, formerly known as an

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The Environment Agency is the navigation authority for the river. They took over the role from the

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to reach the town of Sudbury. Most of the locks were associated with mills, and the original 13

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The Stratford St Mary pumping station was built in International Modernist style in the 1930s.

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at the opposite pole, allowing Anglo-Saxons to classify rivers on a continuum of fierceness.

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is pronounced differently in different cases: the Kentish and East Anglian Stours rhyme with

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the river becomes tidal below Cattawade barrage, after which it opens out to become an

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Taylor, Isaac: Words and Places, London, 2nd edition, 1921, p. 143, accessed July 2009

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Flatford Lock, with the tilting weir being used to manage flood levels in the river

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to an intake at Blackdyke, from where it flows by gravity to a pumping station at

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pumped water from boreholes into the river in an attempt to restore water levels.

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where it discharges into the River Pant, the name of the upper reaches of the

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Alfred the Great: Asser's Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources

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The Stour valley has been portrayed as a working river by artists including

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locks were rebuilt, so that there were 15 between Sudbury and the estuary.

4805: 912: 3801: 3666: 3150: 3051:

Flatford Mill is a Grade I listed building, used as a field study centre.

2889: 753: 749: 545: 538: 3783:. Dedham Vale National Landscape & Stour Valley Project. p. 1. 3669:. Dedham Vale National Landscape & Stour Valley Project. p. 2. 2904:

missed Sudbury by 11 miles (18 km) when it opened in 1843, but the

4875: 3094: 902: 769: 757: 737: 557: 452: 432: 404: 400: 226: 149: 112: 90: 76: 498:

Company declared itself bankrupt, and the river soon became moribund.

3098: 676:

The river rises in Wratting Common, Cambridgeshire, to the south of

3113:

in 2020. It is constructed of concrete with a pitched roof, in the

2752:

c. 2), was granted to Sudbury on 16 February 1706. It was entitled

4817: 3154: 3120: 3046: 3005: 2980: 2911: 705: 663: 549: 477:

The river was improved for navigation following the passing of an

466:. It has been painted by a number of prominent artists, including 408: 392: 230: 94: 4828: 3883: 3881: 2961:

in 1968. In 1981, an arm of the Sudbury basin was cleared by the

809:

records a naval battle taking place at the mouth of the river in

3193:

Boats on the Stour with the church of Dedham in the background,

4842: 383: 3173: 2754:

An Act for making the River Stower navigable from the town of

810: 391:, pronounced rhyming with either "tour" or "sour") is a major 368: 4051: 4049: 3928: 3926: 4773: 4771: 633:

came to represent one pole of a structural opposition, with

684:

where it is joined by Kirtling Brook. It continues through

234: 3255:. Translated by Keynes, Simon; Lapidge, Michael. Penguin. 3601:

Richard Coates, "Stour and Blyth as English river-names"

4746:"Industrial record MCC5206 – Langham Waterworks, Boxted" 2906:

Colchester, Stour Valley, Sudbury & Halstead Railway

4252: 377: 362: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4232: 2942:

pending, the River Stour Action Committee published

380: 365: 4710: 4708: 3460:. Environment Agency. November 2006. Archived from 3403:Wilson, Deniel; Packard, Kevin (11 November 2019). 2847: 2842: 2829: 2818: 2792: 2771:which were built. A total of 13 flash locks and 13 2727: 2722: 2707: 2697: 2671: 374: 359: 332: 310: 302: 297: 289: 279: 240: 220: 208: 194: 155: 135: 127: 118: 100: 82: 72: 67: 34: 4748:. Colchester Heritage Explorer. 3 September 2020. 4730:. Colchester Heritage Explorer. 3 September 2020. 3507:O.G.S. Crawford, "Celtic place-names in England", 724:and then skirts the western and southern edges of 588:, and the Worcestershire Stour always rhymes with 878:covering 69 acres (28 ha). It is run by the 850:, one of its typically serene small settlements. 580:; the Oxfordshire Stour is sometimes rhymes with 4586:"Wiston Mill, Nayland With Wissington (1033616)" 3209:Railway bridge over River Stour near Manningtree 3705:Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England 3089:, from where it flowed to another reservoir at 3556:. Suffolk County Council. 2009. Archived from 3511:(British Archaeological Association) 2nd ser. 3352:. Archived from the original on 13 March 2016. 776:as it reaches the sea to the east of Harwich. 772:is on the south bank, and it is joined by the 526:The name is of ambiguous and disputed origin. 4854: 4777: 4066: 4064: 2916:Stratford St Mary's lock was restored in 2017 1990: 1982: 1975: 927: 8: 4055: 4040: 4028: 4016: 4004: 3992: 3980: 3968: 3956: 3932: 3917: 4728:"Local List: Langham Water Treatment Works" 4689: 4687: 4685: 4683: 4681: 4490:"Corn Mill (Sudbury Flour Mills) (1051999)" 4213: 4211: 4142: 3887: 3291:Inland Waterways of Great Britain (8th Ed.) 4861: 4847: 4839: 4298:"House at Water Mill, Kedington (1182439)" 2789: 2668: 959: 934: 920: 901:travel up the river as far as the quay at 764:, and runs along the southern side of the 4198:"Paddlecraft hire, trips and experiences" 3944: 3608:Cambridge University Press (2006:23-29). 3528:, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2005, 3315:. Essex and Suffolk Water. Archived from 2758:, in the county of Essex, to the town of 872:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds 462:National Landscape, formerly known as an 3627: 3625: 481:, the River Stower Navigation Act 1705 ( 4789: 4394:"Pentlow Mill and Mill House (1232610)" 4204:from the original on 24 September 2023. 4166: 4154: 4130: 4118: 4106: 4094: 3423: 3394:. Colne-Stour Countryside Association. 3183: 917: 4654:"Flatford Mill installs water turbine" 4562:"The Mill, Mill Lane, Bures (1285546)" 3848:from the original on 29 November 2021. 3673:from the original on 13 December 2023. 3554:Suffolk Landscape Character Assessment 3434:. River Stour Trust. 5 November 2011. 3355: 3310:"Abberton Reservoir Expansion Project" 2524: 2298: 644:proposed a very simple solution: that 31: 4752:from the original on 27 January 2024. 4734:from the original on 27 January 2024. 4701:from the original on 27 January 2024. 4346:"Baythorne Mill, Birdbrook (1122344)" 4256: 4186:from the original on 31 October 2022. 3860:"'Constable Country' river drying up" 3826:from the original on 28 January 2024. 3790:from the original on 28 January 2024. 3728: 3343:from the original on 21 January 2024. 3270:Boyes, John; Russell, Ronald (1977). 817:defeated a force of 13 Viking ships. 7: 4538:"Mill House, Henny Street (1123267)" 4182:. Environment Agency. 1 April 2014. 3766:from the original on 9 October 2020. 3748:from the original on 19 August 2022. 3691:from the original on 3 October 2023. 787:, and is named after the village of 4825:Register of National Historic Ships 4762: 4714: 4322:"Wixoe Mill (Water Mill) (1236085)" 4180:"River Stour: locks and facilities" 4084:from the original on 27 March 2023. 4077:. River Stour Trust. pp. 2–3. 3485:A Dictionary of British Place Names 3411:from the original on 30 March 2023. 3398:from the original on 22 March 2023. 3392:"The Watermills of the River Stour" 3337:"Stratford St Mary Pumping Station" 3335:Packard, Kevin (5 September 2020). 3238:History of the British canal system 3221:Mouth of the River Stour at Harwich 876:Site of Special Scientific Interest 752:on the north bank. To the south of 4695:"Water Abstraction 1914 – present" 4639:National Heritage List for England 4615:National Heritage List for England 4591:National Heritage List for England 4567:National Heritage List for England 4543:National Heritage List for England 4519:National Heritage List for England 4495:National Heritage List for England 4471:National Heritage List for England 4447:National Heritage List for England 4423:National Heritage List for England 4399:National Heritage List for England 4375:National Heritage List for England 4351:National Heritage List for England 4327:National Heritage List for England 4303:National Heritage List for England 4279:National Heritage List for England 2944:A Guide to the Suffolk River Stour 2406: 1719: 1625: 1518: 1428: 781:Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty 485:c. 2). Locks were built to enable 464:Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty 411:to the south. It rises in eastern 25: 4674:from the original on 29 May 2023. 4274:"Water Mill, Kedington (1376727)" 4225:from the original on 18 May 2022. 4219:"Salt water, floods and defences" 4200:. Stour Valley Adventure Centre. 3907:from the original on 2 June 2018. 3808:from the original on 8 June 2023. 3778:"Wormingford to Stoke-by-Nayland" 3687:. Great Bradley VIllage Website. 3293:. Imray Laurie Norie and Wilson. 2264: 1890: 1883: 1861: 1854: 1652: 1538: 1498: 1332: 1107: 4869: 4804: 4514:"Mill House, Mill Tye (1036628)" 4072:"A brief history of Dedham Lock" 3760:"Stour Valley and Dedham Church" 3603:English Language and Linguistics 3438:from the original on 8 June 2023 3214: 3202: 3186: 3105:, Essex, in what is now part of 2864:River Stower Navigation Act 1781 2805: 2794:River Stower Navigation Act 1781 2744:River Stower Navigation Act 1705 2684: 2673:River Stower Navigation Act 1705 2621: 2598: 2591: 2584: 2564: 2557: 2550: 2530: 2523: 2516: 2494: 2487: 2480: 2473: 2453: 2446: 2439: 2413: 2412: 2405: 2385: 2378: 2358: 2351: 2344: 2324: 2317: 2297: 2290: 2270: 2263: 2256: 2236: 2229: 2209: 2202: 2195: 2175: 2168: 2149: 2148: 2141: 2121: 2114: 2108: 2107: 2088: 2087: 2067: 2041: 2040: 2021: 2020: 1997: 1989: 1981: 1974: 1966: 1965: 1945: 1938: 1918: 1911: 1889: 1882: 1860: 1853: 1833: 1826: 1806: 1799: 1779: 1772: 1752: 1745: 1739: 1738: 1718: 1698: 1691: 1671: 1651: 1624: 1604: 1584: 1577: 1557: 1537: 1517: 1497: 1477: 1470: 1450: 1427: 1409: 1408: 1401: 1379: 1372: 1365: 1358: 1338: 1331: 1311: 1304: 1297: 1277: 1270: 1251: 1244: 1224: 1217: 1210: 1190: 1183: 1176: 1154: 1147: 1127: 1121: 1120: 1113: 1106: 1086: 1079: 1072: 1066: 1065: 1039: 1038: 1018: 998: 991: 969: 968: 783:. The designated area is called 355: 56: 40: 18:River Stower Navigation Act 1705 2622: 2599: 2488: 2481: 2474: 2454: 2447: 2325: 2257: 2230: 2176: 2115: 2068: 1939: 1919: 1834: 1807: 1773: 1746: 1672: 1605: 1558: 1451: 1402: 1366: 1271: 1177: 1128: 1080: 1073: 1019: 537:meaning "strong". However, the 443:. It becomes tidal just before 343:Belchamp Brook, Cambridge Brook 3762:. Museum of Fine Art, Boston. 3584:, 10th edition, Oxford, 2001, 2969:. The Trust also paid for the 2926:South Essex Waterworks Company 2531: 2495: 2463:Cattawade sluices and barrage 2386: 2379: 2359: 2345: 2318: 2291: 2271: 2210: 2196: 2169: 2142: 2122: 1998: 1928:Startford St Mary pumping stn 1912: 1827: 1789:Langham water treatment works 1780: 1753: 1699: 1692: 1585: 1578: 1567:Wissington weir (former lock) 1478: 1471: 1359: 1305: 1298: 1218: 1114: 1087: 999: 992: 843:Stour Valley and Dedham Church 700:before passing to the east of 242: • coordinates 157: • coordinates 1: 4370:"Mill House, Clare (1376687)" 3744:. Dedham Vale Society. 2021. 3524:Ayto, John and Crofton, Ian: 3272:The Canals of Eastern England 3115:International Modernist style 2592: 2585: 2440: 2307:Stour Estuary Nature Reserve 1946: 1800: 1191: 1096:The Valley Walk (former Rly) 740:to reach the western edge of 119:Physical characteristics 27:River in East Anglia, England 4823:Stour lighter John Constable 3631:Ordnance Survey, 1:25000 map 3526:Brewer's Britain and Ireland 3157:for transfer by pipeline to 2948:Inland Waterways Association 2565: 2558: 2352: 2237: 2203: 1380: 1373: 1287:Henny Sluices (former lock) 1245: 1211: 1184: 1148: 768:. The international port of 652:, the Welsh word for water. 625:river-name was taken for an 570:Brewer's Britain and Ireland 281: • elevation 196: • elevation 4874:Rivers and watercourses of 3487:. Oxford University Press. 3390:Starr, Christopher (2013). 3064:, and is now leased to the 2812:Parliament of Great Britain 2551: 2517: 1816:Langham weir (former lock) 1614:Nayland weir (former lock) 1460:Bures Sluice (former lock) 1339: 1312: 1278: 1252: 1225: 1155: 1028:Start of navigable section 886:and a Local Wildlife Site. 222: • location 137: • location 5019: 4697:. Flatford and Constable. 4668:"Flatford Mill case study" 4221:. Flatford and Constable. 3509:The Archaeological Journal 3405:"Brantham Pumping Station" 3348:Priestley, Joseph (1831). 3289:Cumberlidge, Jane (2009). 3141:was transferred along the 3093:, suppliying customers in 2998:mid-point of the journey. 2787:United Kingdom legislation 2762:, in the county of Suffolk 2666:United Kingdom legislation 1681:Boxted weir (former lock) 797:Kingdom of the East Saxons 640:The Victorian etymologist 62:Course of the Stour river. 4882: 4778:Wilson & Packard 2019 4634:"Flatford Mill (1351931)" 3838:"Wrabness Nature Reserve" 3820:"Stour Estuary, Wrabness" 3708:. Routledge. p. 65. 3685:"Stone Age Great Bradley" 3582:Concise Oxford Dictionary 3407:. Water Projects Online. 3373:Britain's restored canals 3362:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3339:. Water Projects Online. 3233:List of rivers in England 2991:National Rivers Authority 2971:National Rivers Authority 2804: 2799: 2683: 2678: 2630: 2615: 2607: 2578: 2574:South and North Channels 2573: 2544: 2539: 2510: 2503: 2467: 2462: 2433: 2421: 2399: 2395:Brantham pumping station 2394: 2372: 2367: 2338: 2333: 2311: 2306: 2284: 2279: 2250: 2245: 2223: 2218: 2189: 2184: 2162: 2157: 2135: 2130: 2101: 2096: 2081: 2076: 2061: 2049: 2034: 2029: 2014: 2006: 1959: 1954: 1932: 1927: 1905: 1898: 1876: 1869: 1847: 1842: 1820: 1815: 1793: 1788: 1766: 1761: 1732: 1727: 1712: 1707: 1685: 1680: 1665: 1661:Horkesley Lock (site of) 1660: 1645: 1633: 1618: 1613: 1598: 1593: 1571: 1566: 1551: 1546: 1531: 1526: 1511: 1506: 1491: 1486: 1464: 1459: 1444: 1436: 1421: 1417: 1395: 1388: 1352: 1347: 1325: 1320: 1291: 1286: 1264: 1260: 1238: 1233: 1204: 1199: 1170: 1163: 1141: 1136: 1100: 1095: 1059: 1047: 1032: 1027: 1012: 1007: 985: 977: 962: 882:and is also a designated 748:is on the south bank and 619:Concise Oxford Dictionary 204: 123: 55: 39: 4993:Rivers of Cambridgeshire 4670:. Hallidays Hydropower. 4656:. BBC News. 13 May 2012. 4466:"Brundon Mill (1037517)" 4056:Boyes & Russell 1977 4041:Boyes & Russell 1977 4029:Boyes & Russell 1977 4017:Boyes & Russell 1977 4005:Boyes & Russell 1977 3993:Boyes & Russell 1977 3981:Boyes & Russell 1977 3969:Boyes & Russell 1977 3957:Boyes & Russell 1977 3933:Boyes & Russell 1977 3918:Boyes & Russell 1977 3642:"River Stour Navigation" 3023:In the aftermath of the 2902:Eastern Counties Railway 2718:(Ruffhead: 4 Ann. c. 15) 1843:Langham pumping station 1348:Pitmire Lock (derelict) 533:derives from the Celtic 529:On one theory, the name 415:, passes to the east of 334: • right 200:117 m (384 ft) 4829:Bures Community Website 4610:"Boxted Mill (1238742)" 4442:"Borley Mill (1123285)" 4418:"Lyston Mill (1147180)" 3702:Yorke, Barbara (2002). 3375:. Landmark Publishing. 3371:Squires, Roger (2008). 3149:. It is then pumped to 3083:Essex and Suffolk Water 3025:North Sea flood of 1953 3017:Ministry of Agriculture 2963:United States Air Force 2940:British Waterways Board 2505:Great Eastern Main Line 1955:Stratford St Mary Lock 1165:Sudbury railway station 728:. It is crossed by the 503:Essex and Suffolk Water 447:in Essex and joins the 312: • left 293:47 mi (76 km) 3667:"Visiting Dedham Vale" 3126: 3052: 3011: 2986: 2917: 2131:Dedham Old River weir 801:Kingdom of East Anglia 673: 564:is a tributary of the 4835:up to the present day 4818:The River Stour Trust 4813:at Wikimedia Commons 3804:. River Stour Trust. 3274:. David and Charles. 3124: 3066:Field Studies Council 3050: 3009: 2984: 2976:Millennium Commission 2915: 2691:Parliament of England 1547:Swan Lock (derelict) 1437:B1508 Bridge Street, 667: 4811:River Stour, Suffolk 3903:. Visit My Harbour. 3842:Essex Wildlife Trust 3646:www.waterways.org.uk 3547:"Valley Meadowlands" 2631:River Stour estuary 2097:B1029 Dedham Bridge 884:Local Nature Reserve 880:Essex Wildlife Trust 859:waterway restoration 736:and to the south of 672:was painted in 1802. 285:0 m (0 ft) 4169:, pp. 137–138. 3890:, pp. 279–280. 3483:Mills, A D (2003). 1527:Wormingford Bridge 1234:Great Cornard Mill 1200:Great Cornard Lock 826:Thomas Gainsborough 806:Life of King Alfred 629:adjective and that 522:Etymology and usage 472:Thomas Gainsborough 298:Basin features 260: / 175: / 3464:on 10 January 2007 3132:Abberton Reservoir 3127: 3053: 3012: 2987: 2918: 2429:Cattawade Bridges 2425: A137 2009:Abberton Reservoir 1637: A134 1055:Ballingdon Bridge 1051: A131 891:Environment Agency 864:RSPB Stour Estuary 680:, and passes near 674: 407:to the north, and 341:, Bumpstead Brook, 264:51.9494°N 1.2196°E 179:52.1261°N 0.3783°E 5003:Rivers of Suffolk 4980: 4979: 4927:River Little Ouse 4809:Media related to 4043:, pp. 88–89. 4019:, pp. 85–86. 3995:, pp. 84–85. 3983:, pp. 82–84. 3971:, pp. 81–82. 3920:, pp. 78–79. 3802:"About the Trust" 3715:978-1-134-70725-6 3494:978-0-19-852758-9 3382:978-1-84306-331-5 3300:978-1-84623-010-3 3281:978-0-7153-7415-3 3262:978-0-14-044409-4 2959:River Stour Trust 2950:began publishing 2857: 2856: 2800:Act of Parliament 2737: 2736: 2679:Act of Parliament 2655: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2057:Stratford Bypass 2053: A12 2030:Stratford Bridge 1507:Wormingford Lock 1390:Gainsborough line 1321:Great Henny Mill 855:River Stour Trust 766:Shotley Peninsula 742:Stratford St Mary 603:As against that, 584:, sometimes with 515:River Stour Trust 479:act of Parliament 437:Stratford St Mary 347: 346: 16:(Redirected from 5010: 4873: 4863: 4856: 4849: 4840: 4808: 4793: 4787: 4781: 4775: 4766: 4760: 4754: 4753: 4742: 4736: 4735: 4724: 4718: 4712: 4703: 4702: 4691: 4676: 4675: 4664: 4658: 4657: 4650: 4644: 4643: 4630:Historic England 4626: 4620: 4619: 4606:Historic England 4602: 4596: 4595: 4582:Historic England 4578: 4572: 4571: 4558:Historic England 4554: 4548: 4547: 4534:Historic England 4530: 4524: 4523: 4510:Historic England 4506: 4500: 4499: 4486:Historic England 4482: 4476: 4475: 4462:Historic England 4458: 4452: 4451: 4438:Historic England 4434: 4428: 4427: 4414:Historic England 4410: 4404: 4403: 4390:Historic England 4386: 4380: 4379: 4366:Historic England 4362: 4356: 4355: 4342:Historic England 4338: 4332: 4331: 4318:Historic England 4314: 4308: 4307: 4294:Historic England 4290: 4284: 4283: 4270:Historic England 4266: 4260: 4254: 4227: 4226: 4215: 4206: 4205: 4194: 4188: 4187: 4176: 4170: 4164: 4158: 4152: 4146: 4143:Cumberlidge 2009 4140: 4134: 4128: 4122: 4116: 4110: 4104: 4098: 4092: 4086: 4085: 4083: 4076: 4068: 4059: 4053: 4044: 4038: 4032: 4026: 4020: 4014: 4008: 4002: 3996: 3990: 3984: 3978: 3972: 3966: 3960: 3954: 3948: 3942: 3936: 3930: 3921: 3915: 3909: 3908: 3897: 3891: 3888:Cumberlidge 2009 3885: 3876: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3856: 3850: 3849: 3834: 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1214: 1213: 1194: 1193: 1187: 1186: 1180: 1179: 1158: 1157: 1151: 1150: 1131: 1130: 1124: 1123: 1117: 1116: 1110: 1109: 1090: 1089: 1083: 1082: 1076: 1075: 1069: 1068: 1054: 1052: 1042: 1041: 1022: 1021: 1002: 1001: 995: 994: 972: 971: 960: 936: 929: 922: 913: 815:Alfred the Great 507:River Great Ouse 390: 389: 386: 385: 382: 379: 376: 371: 370: 367: 364: 361: 335: 316:Chilton Stream, 313: 275: 274: 272: 271: 270: 265: 261: 258: 257: 256: 253: 197: 190: 189: 187: 186: 185: 180: 176: 173: 172: 171: 168: 158: 138: 60: 44: 32: 21: 5018: 5017: 5013: 5012: 5011: 5009: 5008: 5007: 4998:Rivers of Essex 4983: 4982: 4981: 4976: 4878: 4867: 4802: 4797: 4796: 4788: 4784: 4776: 4769: 4761: 4757: 4744: 4743: 4739: 4726: 4725: 4721: 4713: 4706: 4693: 4692: 4679: 4666: 4665: 4661: 4652: 4651: 4647: 4628: 4627: 4623: 4604: 4603: 4599: 4580: 4579: 4575: 4556: 4555: 4551: 4532: 4531: 4527: 4508: 4507: 4503: 4484: 4483: 4479: 4460: 4459: 4455: 4436: 4435: 4431: 4412: 4411: 4407: 4388: 4387: 4383: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4268: 4267: 4263: 4255: 4230: 4217: 4216: 4209: 4196: 4195: 4191: 4178: 4177: 4173: 4165: 4161: 4153: 4149: 4141: 4137: 4129: 4125: 4117: 4113: 4105: 4101: 4093: 4089: 4081: 4074: 4070: 4069: 4062: 4054: 4047: 4039: 4035: 4027: 4023: 4015: 4011: 4003: 3999: 3991: 3987: 3979: 3975: 3967: 3963: 3955: 3951: 3943: 3939: 3931: 3924: 3916: 3912: 3899: 3898: 3894: 3886: 3879: 3869: 3867: 3858: 3857: 3853: 3836: 3835: 3831: 3818: 3817: 3813: 3800: 3799: 3795: 3787: 3780: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3758: 3757: 3753: 3740: 3739: 3735: 3727: 3723: 3716: 3701: 3700: 3696: 3683: 3682: 3678: 3665: 3664: 3660: 3650: 3648: 3640: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3623: 3616: 3612: 3600: 3596: 3580: 3576: 3566: 3564: 3563:on 3 March 2016 3560: 3549: 3545: 3544: 3540: 3523: 3519: 3506: 3502: 3495: 3482: 3481: 3477: 3467: 3465: 3456: 3455: 3451: 3441: 3439: 3430: 3429: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3402: 3389: 3383: 3370: 3354: 3347: 3334: 3325: 3323: 3322:on 5 March 2016 3319: 3312: 3307: 3301: 3288: 3282: 3269: 3263: 3251:Asser (1983) . 3250: 3246: 3229: 3222: 3219: 3210: 3207: 3198: 3191: 3182: 3143:Cut-off Channel 3079: 3033: 3004: 2952:Navies Notebook 2935: 2878: 2863: 2862: 2814: 2806: 2793: 2788: 2743: 2742: 2717: 2693: 2685: 2672: 2667: 2626: 2603: 2596: 2589: 2569: 2562: 2555: 2535: 2528: 2521: 2499: 2492: 2485: 2478: 2458: 2451: 2444: 2424: 2422: 2417: 2410: 2390: 2383: 2363: 2356: 2349: 2329: 2322: 2302: 2295: 2280:Judas Gap weir 2275: 2268: 2261: 2246:56 Gate Sluice 2241: 2234: 2214: 2207: 2200: 2180: 2173: 2153: 2146: 2126: 2119: 2112: 2092: 2072: 2052: 2050: 2045: 2025: 2002: 1995: 1994: 1987: 1986: 1979: 1970: 1950: 1943: 1923: 1916: 1894: 1887: 1865: 1858: 1838: 1831: 1811: 1804: 1784: 1777: 1757: 1750: 1743: 1723: 1703: 1696: 1676: 1656: 1641:Nayland Bridge 1636: 1634: 1629: 1609: 1589: 1582: 1562: 1542: 1522: 1502: 1482: 1475: 1455: 1432: 1413: 1406: 1384: 1377: 1370: 1363: 1343: 1336: 1316: 1309: 1302: 1282: 1275: 1256: 1249: 1229: 1222: 1215: 1195: 1188: 1181: 1159: 1152: 1132: 1125: 1118: 1111: 1091: 1084: 1077: 1070: 1050: 1048: 1043: 1023: 1003: 996: 978:River Stour to 973: 954: 945: 944: 940: 911: 870:managed by the 830:Alfred Munnings 678:Weston Colville 662: 568:. According to 524: 373: 358: 354: 342: 333: 321: 311: 282: 269:51.9494; 1.2196 268: 266: 262: 259: 254: 251: 249: 247: 246: 243: 223: 195: 184:52.1261; 0.3783 183: 181: 177: 174: 169: 166: 164: 162: 161: 156: 136: 63: 51: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5016: 5014: 5006: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4985: 4984: 4978: 4977: 4975: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4932:Minsmere River 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4883: 4880: 4879: 4868: 4866: 4865: 4858: 4851: 4843: 4837: 4836: 4826: 4820: 4801: 4800:External links 4798: 4795: 4794: 4782: 4767: 4755: 4737: 4719: 4704: 4677: 4659: 4645: 4621: 4597: 4573: 4549: 4525: 4501: 4477: 4453: 4429: 4405: 4381: 4357: 4333: 4309: 4285: 4261: 4228: 4207: 4189: 4171: 4159: 4157:, p. 110. 4147: 4145:, p. 279. 4135: 4123: 4111: 4099: 4087: 4060: 4045: 4033: 4021: 4009: 3997: 3985: 3973: 3961: 3949: 3947:, p. 597. 3945:Priestley 1831 3937: 3922: 3910: 3901:"Stour, River" 3892: 3877: 3866:. 19 July 2019 3851: 3829: 3811: 3793: 3769: 3751: 3733: 3721: 3714: 3694: 3676: 3658: 3633: 3621: 3610: 3594: 3574: 3538: 3517: 3500: 3493: 3475: 3449: 3422: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3413: 3400: 3387: 3381: 3368: 3345: 3332: 3305: 3299: 3286: 3280: 3267: 3261: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3241: 3240: 3235: 3228: 3225: 3224: 3223: 3220: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3201: 3199: 3195:John Constable 3192: 3185: 3181: 3178: 3159:Great Sampford 3151:Kirtling Green 3107:Greater London 3078: 3075: 3062:National Trust 3032: 3029: 3003: 3002:Flood defences 3000: 2967:Rio Tinto Zinc 2934: 2931: 2894:William Cubitt 2877: 2874: 2855: 2854: 2851: 2845: 2844: 2840: 2839: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2810: 2802: 2801: 2797: 2796: 2786: 2750:4 & 5 Ann. 2735: 2734: 2731: 2725: 2724: 2720: 2719: 2714:4 & 5 Ann. 2711: 2705: 2704: 2701: 2695: 2694: 2689: 2681: 2680: 2676: 2675: 2665: 2660:Letters Patent 2653: 2652: 2649: 2648: 2646: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2612: 2609:Mayflower line 2606: 2604: 2597: 2590: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2563: 2556: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2529: 2522: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2507: 2502: 2500: 2493: 2486: 2479: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2464: 2461: 2459: 2452: 2445: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2431: 2430: 2420: 2418: 2411: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2384: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2368:Brantham Mill 2366: 2364: 2357: 2350: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2335: 2334:Brantham Lock 2332: 2330: 2323: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2296: 2289: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2281: 2278: 2276: 2269: 2262: 2255: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2235: 2228: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2220: 2219:Flatford Mill 2217: 2215: 2208: 2201: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2186: 2185:Flatford Lock 2183: 2181: 2174: 2167: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2159: 2156: 2154: 2147: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2120: 2113: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2099: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2079: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2066: 2064: 2062: 2059: 2058: 2048: 2046: 2039: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2012: 2011: 2005: 2003: 1996: 1988: 1980: 1973: 1972: 1971: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1944: 1937: 1935: 1933: 1930: 1929: 1926: 1924: 1917: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1902: 1897: 1895: 1888: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1873: 1868: 1866: 1859: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1832: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1805: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1778: 1771: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1751: 1744: 1737: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1728:Boxted Bridge 1726: 1724: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1697: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1632: 1630: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1603: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1583: 1576: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1556: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1536: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1516: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1496: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1476: 1469: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1449: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1435: 1433: 1426: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1418: 1416: 1414: 1407: 1400: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1392: 1387: 1385: 1378: 1371: 1364: 1357: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1344: 1337: 1330: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1310: 1303: 1296: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1276: 1269: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1257: 1250: 1243: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1223: 1216: 1209: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1189: 1182: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1167: 1162: 1160: 1153: 1146: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1137:Sudbury Basin 1135: 1133: 1126: 1119: 1112: 1105: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1097: 1094: 1092: 1085: 1078: 1071: 1064: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1056: 1046: 1044: 1037: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1017: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1006: 1004: 997: 990: 988: 986: 983: 982: 976: 974: 967: 965: 963: 956: 955: 950: 947: 946: 942: 941: 939: 938: 931: 924: 916: 910: 907: 868:nature reserve 822:John Constable 710:Stoke-by-Clare 694:Great Wratting 686:Little Thurlow 661: 658: 609:Middle English 523: 520: 483:4 & 5 Ann. 468:John Constable 413:Cambridgeshire 345: 344: 336: 330: 329: 314: 308: 307: 304: 300: 299: 295: 294: 291: 287: 286: 283: 280: 277: 276: 244: 241: 238: 237: 224: 221: 218: 217: 212: 206: 205: 202: 201: 198: 192: 191: 159: 153: 152: 146:Cambridgeshire 139: 133: 132: 129: 125: 124: 121: 120: 116: 115: 102: 98: 97: 87:Cambridgeshire 84: 80: 79: 74: 70: 69: 65: 64: 61: 53: 52: 45: 37: 36: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5015: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4994: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4967:River Waveney 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4917:River Gipping 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4884: 4881: 4877: 4872: 4864: 4859: 4857: 4852: 4850: 4845: 4844: 4841: 4834: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4807: 4799: 4791: 4786: 4783: 4779: 4774: 4772: 4768: 4765:, p. 22. 4764: 4759: 4756: 4751: 4747: 4741: 4738: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4720: 4716: 4711: 4709: 4705: 4700: 4696: 4690: 4688: 4686: 4684: 4682: 4678: 4673: 4669: 4663: 4660: 4655: 4649: 4646: 4641: 4640: 4635: 4631: 4625: 4622: 4617: 4616: 4611: 4607: 4601: 4598: 4593: 4592: 4587: 4583: 4577: 4574: 4569: 4568: 4563: 4559: 4553: 4550: 4545: 4544: 4539: 4535: 4529: 4526: 4521: 4520: 4515: 4511: 4505: 4502: 4497: 4496: 4491: 4487: 4481: 4478: 4473: 4472: 4467: 4463: 4457: 4454: 4449: 4448: 4443: 4439: 4433: 4430: 4425: 4424: 4419: 4415: 4409: 4406: 4401: 4400: 4395: 4391: 4385: 4382: 4377: 4376: 4371: 4367: 4361: 4358: 4353: 4352: 4347: 4343: 4337: 4334: 4329: 4328: 4323: 4319: 4313: 4310: 4305: 4304: 4299: 4295: 4289: 4286: 4281: 4280: 4275: 4271: 4265: 4262: 4258: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4239: 4237: 4235: 4233: 4229: 4224: 4220: 4214: 4212: 4208: 4203: 4199: 4193: 4190: 4185: 4181: 4175: 4172: 4168: 4163: 4160: 4156: 4151: 4148: 4144: 4139: 4136: 4133:, p. 66. 4132: 4127: 4124: 4121:, p. 62. 4120: 4115: 4112: 4109:, p. 49. 4108: 4103: 4100: 4097:, p. 34. 4096: 4091: 4088: 4080: 4073: 4067: 4065: 4061: 4058:, p. 89. 4057: 4052: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4037: 4034: 4031:, p. 87. 4030: 4025: 4022: 4018: 4013: 4010: 4007:, p. 85. 4006: 4001: 3998: 3994: 3989: 3986: 3982: 3977: 3974: 3970: 3965: 3962: 3959:, p. 81. 3958: 3953: 3950: 3946: 3941: 3938: 3935:, p. 79. 3934: 3929: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3914: 3911: 3906: 3902: 3896: 3893: 3889: 3884: 3882: 3878: 3865: 3861: 3855: 3852: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3833: 3830: 3825: 3821: 3815: 3812: 3807: 3803: 3797: 3794: 3786: 3779: 3773: 3770: 3765: 3761: 3755: 3752: 3747: 3743: 3737: 3734: 3731:, Chapter 67. 3730: 3725: 3722: 3717: 3711: 3707: 3706: 3698: 3695: 3690: 3686: 3680: 3677: 3672: 3668: 3662: 3659: 3647: 3643: 3637: 3634: 3628: 3626: 3622: 3619: 3614: 3611: 3607: 3604: 3598: 3595: 3591: 3590:0-19-860438-6 3587: 3583: 3578: 3575: 3559: 3555: 3548: 3542: 3539: 3535: 3534:0-304-35385-X 3531: 3527: 3521: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3504: 3501: 3496: 3490: 3486: 3479: 3476: 3463: 3459: 3458:"River Stour" 3453: 3450: 3437: 3433: 3427: 3424: 3417: 3410: 3406: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3378: 3374: 3369: 3365: 3359: 3351: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3333: 3318: 3311: 3306: 3302: 3296: 3292: 3287: 3283: 3277: 3273: 3268: 3264: 3258: 3254: 3249: 3248: 3243: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3230: 3226: 3217: 3212: 3205: 3200: 3196: 3189: 3184: 3179: 3177: 3175: 3170: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3135: 3133: 3123: 3119: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3057: 3049: 3045: 3041: 3039: 3030: 3028: 3026: 3021: 3018: 3008: 3001: 2999: 2995: 2992: 2983: 2979: 2977: 2972: 2968: 2964: 2960: 2955: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2922: 2914: 2910: 2907: 2903: 2898: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2867: 2852: 2850: 2846: 2841: 2837: 2834: 2832: 2828: 2823: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2803: 2798: 2791: 2785: 2783: 2777: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2757: 2751: 2747: 2732: 2730: 2726: 2721: 2715: 2712: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2682: 2677: 2670: 2664: 2661: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2635: 2634: 2628: 2619: 2617: 2614: 2610: 2605: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2571: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2537: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2501: 2471: 2469: 2466: 2460: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2427: 2419: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2392: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2365: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2331: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2304: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2277: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2243: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2216: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2182: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2155: 2139: 2137: 2134: 2128: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2094: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2074: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2055: 2047: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2027: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2010: 2004: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1952: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1925: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1896: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1867: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1840: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1813: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1786: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1759: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1725: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1705: 1689: 1687: 1684: 1678: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1658: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1639: 1631: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1611: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1591: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1564: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1544: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1524: 1515: 1513: 1510: 1504: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1484: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1457: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1434: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1415: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1386: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1345: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1318: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1284: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1258: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1231: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1197: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1161: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1134: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1093: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1053: 1045: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1025: 1016: 1014: 1011: 1008:Brundon Mill 1005: 989: 987: 984: 981: 975: 966: 964: 961: 958: 957: 953: 949: 948: 937: 932: 930: 925: 923: 918: 915: 914: 908: 906: 904: 900: 894: 892: 887: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 865: 860: 856: 851: 849: 845: 844: 839: 838:Cedric Morris 835: 831: 827: 823: 818: 816: 812: 808: 807: 802: 798: 792: 790: 786: 782: 777: 775: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 731: 727: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 690:Great Thurlow 687: 683: 682:Great Bradley 679: 671: 666: 659: 657: 653: 651: 648:derives from 647: 643: 638: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 615: 610: 606: 601: 599: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 540: 536: 532: 527: 521: 519: 516: 511: 508: 504: 499: 496: 492: 488: 484: 480: 475: 473: 469: 465: 461: 456: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 388: 352: 340: 337: 331: 328: 324: 319: 315: 309: 305: 301: 296: 292: 288: 284: 278: 273: 245: 239: 236: 232: 228: 225: 219: 216: 213: 211: 207: 203: 199: 193: 188: 160: 154: 151: 147: 143: 140: 134: 130: 126: 122: 117: 114: 110: 106: 103: 99: 96: 92: 88: 85: 81: 78: 75: 71: 66: 59: 54: 49: 46:The Stour at 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 4956: 4942:River Orwell 4902:Butley River 4803: 4790:Packard 2020 4785: 4758: 4740: 4722: 4717:, p. 6. 4662: 4648: 4637: 4624: 4613: 4600: 4589: 4576: 4565: 4552: 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