1068:
996:
accident similar to that of 1880. He was replaced by Pierre
Bourque, who operated the lighthouse until 1905. His son, Wilfrid Bourque, succeeded him, but was also involved in a seal-hunting accident in 1911. He was replaced by his nephew, ElphĂšge Bourque, who ran the lighthouse for a further ten years. In 1922, poor water quality made him and his two assistants ill. They died of poisoning. The lighthouse never suffered another major accident. In 1961, the last family living on the rock left. The staircase and ladder were abandoned, and access to the lighthouse was replaced by the use of a
74:
410:
992:, a certain Guitté, is said to have predicted that "no keeper would be able to keep this lighthouse for more than ten years without tragedy". He was replaced after two years, having lapsed into madness. Several other keepers of this lighthouse came to tragic ends. The second keeper, Peter (or Patrick) Whalen, died with his son when a sudden storm overturned his boat in 1880, while he was out seal hunting. In 1881, the fog cannon explosion killed the third keeper, Charles Chiasson, as well as his son and a visitor, Paul Chenell.
383:
398:
44:
901:
1075:
953:
1259:
579:
976:. In 1860, John Page, an engineer with the Department of Public Works, proposed the construction of a lighthouse on the rock, noting that the project would be one of the most difficult the department would ever undertake. The lighthouse and adjoining buildings were built in 1870. Materials were transported from a path carved into the rock. The first lighthouse was a 15.2-metre-high
1055:
81:
51:
27:
1273:
995:
The fourth keeper, TĂ©lesphore
Turbide, operated the lighthouse for fifteen accident-free years, until one day in 1896, when he lost a hand in the fog cannon, putting an end to his career. The interim keeper, Charles Turbide, died the following spring while seal hunting with his two companions, in an
980:
building. It was rebuilt in 1887 to a height of just 11.9 metres. After being raised to a height of 15.2 metres in 1908, it was finally demolished and replaced by a new concrete lighthouse in 1967, automated in 1988. Access to the lighthouse was by boat and a 147-step
517:
The
Rochers aux Oiseaux are made up of an island, the Rocher aux Oiseaux, and three rocks located just over a kilometre to the northwest, the Rochers aux Margaulx. Rocher aux Oiseaux is a small, roughly circular island less than 300 meters in
448:
there, notably the gannets, known as "margaulx" at the time of their discovery in 1534. In
English, the archipelago is called Bird Rocks, the main island Bird Rock and the ornithological reserve Rochers-aux-Oiseaux Migratory Bird Sanctuary.
1999:
1004:
1067:
409:
1109:
1152:
1994:
566:. Summers are warm, with an average temperature of 13 °C, and winters are relatively mild for the region, with an average of â3.5 °C. Average annual
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1984:
1291:
1193:
841:
do not allow for significant vegetation development. The
Rochers aux Margaulx are totally devoid of vegetation, while the Rocher aux Oiseaux is covered with
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73:
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382:
1415:
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1008:
1180:. Rocher aux Oiseaux is also recognized as a "bird colony on an island or peninsula" by the Quebec government, with a surface area of 5.26 hectares.
1989:
1176:'s four hectares of land and the 645-hectare maritime zone around the rocks (a total of 649 ha), is to preserve an important nesting site for the
1101:
502:
229:
124:
436:
consisting of the Rocher aux
Oiseaux itself and the Rochers aux Margaulx. The archipelago and the surrounding maritime zone are a refuge for
1003:
The protection of the
Rochers aux Oiseaux began on March 29, 1919, making it the oldest migratory bird sanctuary in Canada, along with the
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212:
43:
397:
1479:
1378:
Oil pollution is also a concern due to the proximity of the islands to the main shipping route that leads to the St. Lawrence seaway.
942:" at the time. The current name appeared at an unknown date, but the archipelago was already called "Rochers aux Oiseaux" in 1919 by
1946:
1831:
1455:
1153:
https://www.canada.ca/fr/environnement-changement-climatique/services/refuges-oiseaux-migrateurs/ensemble/rochers-aux-oiseaux.html
1727:
1860:
1203:
The
Rochers aux Oiseaux themselves are inaccessible to tourists. However, it is possible to get there by boat to observe the
1040:
538:, having caused the island to lose half its surface area in 150 years. This erosion is not held back by the relatively soft
1219:
The main island, the Rocher aux
Oiseaux, with its isolation and imposing shape, seems to hold a certain fascination for
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236:
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citadel that is practically inaccessible but inhabited by thousands of birds and a lighthouse that is now automated.
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31:
View of
Rochers aux Oiseaux from Brion Island, with Rocher aux Oiseaux (right) and Rocher aux Margaulx (left).
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1908:
Association québécoise des utilisateurs de l'ordinateur au primaire-secondaire (AQUOPS-CyberScol).
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1909:
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969:
637:
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440:, known as the "Rochers-aux-Oiseaux Bird Sanctuary". Their names derive from the large number of
1192:, which operates a lighthouse on the Rocher aux Oiseaux. The archipelago has been designated a
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989:
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Due to its isolation and difficult access, the lighthouse was considered dangerous. The first
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in four centuries. The Rochers aux Oiseaux is the closest island in the archipelago to the
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1832:"Registre des aires protégées au Québec: Colonie d'oiseaux sur une ßle ou une presqu'ßle"
900:
1589:
1264:
1012:
620:), with 1% of the Western Atlantic Ocean population. In addition to these two species,
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346:
1000:, enabling the keepers to take turns every 28 days. It was finally automated in 1988.
284:
Discovered on June 25, 1534 by Europeans and several hundreds of years earlier by the
1973:
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567:
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Aerial view of Rocher aux Oiseaux in 1943 with its various buildings, including the
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having been created earlier but under a different status. It was also the first
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Margaulx rock is 1.3 km to the northwest, actually identifies three small cays.
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1350:
In 1919, Brother Marie-Victorin used this name during his visit to Les Rochers
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997:
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on June 25, 1534. He recorded his discovery of these islands under the name "
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in 1870. Many of its keepers lost their lives in accidents at work or while
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and a hundred species of fish. Only a few of these are exploited by man:
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Bird Rock is 300 m long by 150 m wide and 30 m high, forms a kind of red
1959:
Bilan rĂ©gional Ăles-de-la-Madeleine: Zone dâintervention prioritaire 21
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The Rochers aux Oiseaux are home to one of North America's six largest
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527:
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1805:
1598:(in French). MontrĂ©al: FrĂšres des Ăcoles chrĂ©tiennes. p. 59-60.
1839:
MinistĂšre du DĂ©veloppement durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs
951:
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274:
1231:" for an album released in 2003, recounting the loneliness of a
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of the Rocher aux Oiseaux is very poor, with only around twenty
845:
on 70% of its surface, the rest being devoid of vegetation. The
699:
483:
445:
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The first European to sight the Rochers aux Oiseaux was French
550:
that underlie the Rocher aux Oiseaux and Rochers aux Margaulx.
16:
Migratory bird sanctuary located in an uninhabited archipelago.
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1247:, which focused on the tragic fate of the lighthouse keepers.
322:. The islands and the surrounding marine area are a migratory
892:
meadows can be found in waters less than twelve meters deep.
684:). Among the species no longer nesting on the islands is the
714:. The shallow waters surrounding the rocks are home to few
1806:"SystĂšme de rapport et de suivi des aires de conservation"
1235:
and his family "12 miles from nowhere". In 1999, novelist
493:
Administratively, the Rochers aux Oiseaux are part of the
462:
The Rochers aux Oiseaux are located in eastern Canada and
1172:. The mission of this protected area, which includes the
912:
archipelago, the Rochers aux Oiseaux were visited by the
490:
between the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Atlantic Ocean.
1480:"Banque de noms de lieux du Québec: Rochers aux Oiseaux"
526:(0.04 km2) in area. The island consists of a horizontal
361:
in 1988, leaving the island inhabited only by seabirds.
1188:
The Rochers aux Oiseaux are owned by the Department of
1754:"Faits importants sur les aires protégées canadiennes"
652:) can be found in significant numbers. There are also
1965:(in French). Environnement Canada - région du Québec.
1532:"Refuge d'oiseaux migrateurs des Rochers-aux-Oiseaux"
470:, 32 kilometers northeast of the northern tip of the
1200:, the organization responsible for its protection.
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1450:(in French). MinistĂšre des Ressources naturelles.
1196:following an interdepartmental agreement with the
1168:(IBA) and one of 28 migratory bird sanctuaries in
1123:6.5 square kilometres (70,000,000 sq ft)
608:), with 17% of the continent's population of this
534:. These cliffs are retreating under the effect of
1368:. Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas in Canada
1005:Ăle Bonaventure and Rocher PercĂ© bird sanctuaries
562:of Rochers aux Oiseaux is typical of that of the
482:to the east. This maritime zone is frequented by
2000:Protected areas of GaspĂ©sieâĂles-de-la-Madeleine
1703:"The Cursed Lightstation of Rocher aux Oiseaux"
1110:Urban agglomeration of Les Ăles-de-la-Madeleine
8:
1441:MinistĂšre des Ressources naturelles (2002).
1292:List of Migratory Bird Sanctuaries of Canada
1160:The Rochers aux Oiseaux bird sanctuary is a
964:The Magdalen Islands have recorded over 400
19:
1074:
80:
50:
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25:
18:
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757:are home to around a thousand species of
530:entirely surrounded by thirty-metre-high
349:, which encouraged the installation of a
1648:"La dĂ©couverte des Ăles de la Madeleine"
1622:"La dĂ©couverte des Ăles de la Madeleine"
1444:Carte gĂ©ologique du QuĂ©bec: Ădition 2002
1555:
1553:
1318:
375:
1888:"Les airs bienfaisants de l'insulaire"
1810:Conseil canadien des aires Ă©cologiques
1608:
1576:
1559:
1410:
1408:
1406:
853:. The most common species are yarrow (
570:is between 900 and 1,000 millimeters.
193:unnamed (30m above Rocher aux Oiseaux)
1395:(in French). 1992. p. Carte des
345:boulder is reputed to be a veritable
341:This four-hectare, thirty-metre-high
7:
1995:Migratory Bird Sanctuaries of Canada
1086:
185:0.04 km (0.015 sq mi)
1985:Protected areas established in 1919
377:Bird Rocks Migratory Bird Sanctuary
1939:I Kept the Light Still Burning Sir
1340:. Government of Quebec. 1968-12-05
1034:Rochers aux Oiseaux Bird sanctuary
328:Rochers-aux-Oiseaux Bird Sanctuary
14:
1886:Cormier, Sylvain (May 14, 2004).
1009:Last Mountain Lake bird sanctuary
391:, keepers' house and outbuildings
1271:
1257:
1073:
1066:
1053:
972:, making it an ideal site for a
408:
396:
381:
79:
72:
49:
42:
1126:
985:on the north side of the rock.
612:, as well as a large colony of
289:It is nowadays considered as a
1990:Important Bird Areas of Quebec
1416:"ZICO Les rochers aux Oiseaux"
1338:Commission de toponymie Quebec
1243:the fifth volume in the cycle
432:The Rochers aux Oiseaux is an
334:and home to a large colony of
1:
1865:Tourisme Ăles de la Madeleine
1652:Tourisme Ăles de la Madeleine
1626:Tourisme Ăles de la Madeleine
1102:GaspĂ©sieâĂles-de-la-Madeleine
958:Rocher-aux-Oiseaux lighthouse
503:GaspĂ©sie-Ăles-de-la-Madeleine
357:. The lighthouse was finally
230:GaspĂ©sieâĂles-de-la-Madeleine
884:Around a hundred species of
799:Hippoglossoides platessoides
1190:Fisheries and Oceans Canada
2016:
1728:"Rocher aux Oiseaux Light"
1392:Les Publications du Québec
1184:Administration and tourism
748:Balaenoptera acutorostrata
1366:"Les rochers aux Oiseaux"
1245:Les Chevaucheurs de vague
1198:Canadian Wildlife Service
1143:Canadian Wildlife Service
1061:
1052:
1038:
706:of Bird Rock are home to
419:Colonies in North America
314:, Canada, located in the
283:
202:
36:
24:
1478:Gouvernement du Québec.
1194:Migratory Bird Sanctuary
908:As with the rest of the
823:Placopecten magellanicus
710:such as the Harbour and
670:Great black-backed gulls
1861:"Le Rocher-aux-Oiseaux"
1484:Commission de Toponymie
1227:wrote a song entitled "
1162:Canadian protected area
1019:of 1917, and the first
938:found there, known as "
863:Capsella bursa-pastoris
614:Black-legged kittiwakes
415:Support one of the six
403:Red sandnestone citadel
1752:Government of Canada.
1506:"ĂLES-DE-LA-MADELEINE"
1017:Migratory Birds Treaty
961:
905:
753:The waters around the
593:
507:administrative regions
261:Additional information
1956:Gagnon, Marc (1998).
1937:Clark, Byron (2006).
1590:Marie-Victorin, FrĂšre
1334:"Rochers aux Oiseaux"
1229:Le Rocher-aux-Oiseaux
1133:Marine protected area
1045:strict nature reserve
1021:marine protected area
955:
904:Bird Rock, circa 1910
903:
732:Lagenorhynchus acutus
682:Oceanodroma leucorhoa
678:Leach's Storm-Petrels
662:American herring gull
581:
509:that make up Quebec.
478:lies to the west and
306:) are an uninhabited
225:Administrative region
140:47.84306°N 61.15694°W
1784:Environnement Canada
1536:Environnement Canada
1510:ĂcorĂ©gions du Canada
1397:Ăles de la Madeleine
1307:Gulf of St. Lawrence
1131:March 29, 1919 as a
1106:Equivalent territory
855:Achillea millefolium
468:Gulf of St. Lawrence
332:Canadian Coast Guard
316:Gulf of St. Lawrence
112:Gulf of St. Lawrence
1241:Rocher-aux-oiseaux,
1239:published a novel,
1166:Important Bird Area
1139:Governing body
775:Chionoecetes opilio
728:white-sided dolphin
666:Larus smithsonianus
638:Thick-billed murres
300:Rochers aux Oiseaux
145:47.84306; -61.15694
136: /
87:Rochers aux Oiseaux
57:Rochers aux Oiseaux
21:
20:Rochers aux Oiseaux
1911:Rocher-aux-Oiseaux
1595:Flore laurentienne
1297:Grosse-Ăle, Quebec
1015:created under the
970:Laurentian Channel
962:
906:
767:Homarus americanus
740:Globicephala melas
693:Pinguinus impennis
650:Fratercula arctica
594:
590:Bonaventure Island
495:local municipality
237:Local municipality
190:Highest point
177:Rocher aux Oiseaux
93:Show map of Quebec
63:Show map of Canada
1841:(in French). 2009
1780:"Aires protégées"
1422:(in French). 2009
1237:Gervais Pomerleau
1233:lighthouse keeper
1158:
1157:
990:lighthouse keeper
932:isles de Margaulx
879:Plantago maritima
843:herbaceous plants
803:Atlantic mackerel
724:Phocoena phocoena
296:
295:
2007:
1980:Magdalen Islands
1966:
1964:
1952:
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1897:(in French): B7.
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1302:Magdalen Islands
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1267:
1262:
1261:
1225:Georges Langford
1077:
1076:
1070:
1057:
1031:
916:for fishing and
910:Magdalen Islands
859:shepherd's purse
811:Atlantic herring
807:Scomber scombrus
763:American lobster
755:Magdalen Islands
750:) rarely visit.
720:Harbour porpoise
654:Black guillemots
646:Atlantic puffins
618:Rissa tridactyla
602:Northern gannets
564:Magdalen Islands
472:Magdalen Islands
412:
400:
385:
347:ship's graveyard
336:Northern gannets
320:Magdalen Islands
160:Magdalen Islands
151:
150:
148:
147:
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141:
137:
134:
133:
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114:(Atlantic Ocean)
94:
83:
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29:
22:
2015:
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1758:Atlas du Canada
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1287:Northern gannet
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1215:Popular culture
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1178:Northern gannet
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1029:
928:Jacques Cartier
898:
871:Hordeum jubatum
837:'s geology and
831:
815:Clupea harengus
795:American plaice
698:In addition to
583:Northern gannet
576:
560:oceanic climate
556:
515:
460:
455:
438:migratory birds
430:
424:
420:
417:Northern Gannet
413:
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386:
330:, owned by the
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2013:
2011:
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1265:Islands portal
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1211:from the sea.
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1013:protected area
947:Marie-Victorin
897:
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658:Cepphus grylle
606:Morus bassanus
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1931:Bibliography
1918:18 September
1916:. Retrieved
1910:
1903:
1894:
1881:
1869:. Retrieved
1864:
1855:
1843:. Retrieved
1838:
1826:
1814:. Retrieved
1809:
1800:
1788:. Retrieved
1783:
1774:
1762:. Retrieved
1757:
1747:
1735:. Retrieved
1731:
1722:
1710:. Retrieved
1706:
1656:. Retrieved
1651:
1642:
1630:. Retrieved
1625:
1616:
1611:, p. 16
1604:
1594:
1584:
1579:, p. 18
1562:, p. 24
1540:. Retrieved
1535:
1526:
1514:. Retrieved
1509:
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1483:
1473:
1463:23 September
1461:. Retrieved
1443:
1436:
1426:17 September
1424:. Retrieved
1419:
1393:
1390:
1385:
1377:
1370:. Retrieved
1349:
1342:. Retrieved
1337:
1279:Birds portal
1244:
1240:
1228:
1218:
1202:
1187:
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1002:
994:
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963:
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931:
922:
918:seal hunting
907:
883:
878:
875:sea plantain
870:
862:
854:
832:
822:
814:
806:
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791:Gadus morhua
790:
787:Atlantic cod
783:Sebastes sp.
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492:
488:Cabot Strait
480:Newfoundland
476:Brion Island
461:
431:
423:
340:
327:
303:
299:
297:
248:Demographics
204:
1914:(in French)
1867:(in French)
1812:(in French)
1786:(in French)
1760:(in French)
1654:(in French)
1628:(in French)
1609:Gagnon 1998
1577:Gagnon 1998
1560:Gagnon 1998
1538:(in French)
1512:(in French)
1486:(in French)
1174:archipelago
1128:Established
1023:in Canada.
835:archipelago
744:minke whale
736:pilot whale
642:Uria lomvia
536:sea erosion
434:archipelago
308:archipelago
156:Archipelago
143: /
119:Coordinates
1974:Categories
1737:8 February
1313:References
1221:Madelinots
1114:Grosse-Ăle
1027:Protection
998:helicopter
974:lighthouse
966:shipwrecks
712:Grey seals
634:Uria aalge
626:Alca torda
622:Razorbills
513:Topography
499:Grosse-Ăle
486:using the
389:Lighthouse
351:lighthouse
304:Bird Rocks
253:Population
242:Grosse-Ăle
131:61°09âČ25âłW
128:47°50âČ35âłN
1895:Le Devoir
1764:3 October
1490:5 October
1223:. Singer
1207:and bird
983:staircase
925:navigator
771:snow crab
716:cetaceans
689:Great auk
592:, Quebec.
548:siltstone
544:sandstone
522:and four
466:, in the
453:Geography
367:sandstone
359:automated
343:sandstone
267:Time zone
103:Geography
1658:20 April
1592:(1935).
1251:See also
1209:colonies
1094:Province
1088:Location
940:margaulx
700:birdlife
598:colonies
574:Wildlife
524:hectares
520:diameter
458:Location
428:Toponymy
318:off the
213:Province
108:Location
1816:26 July
1372:2 March
1344:2 March
1205:islands
1149:Website
1091:Canada
944:Brother
936:gannets
914:Mi'kmaq
896:History
851:species
839:climate
779:redfish
686:extinct
610:species
554:Climate
540:Permian
528:plateau
501:in the
286:Mi'kmaq
1945:
1542:1 July
1454:
1170:Quebec
1098:Quebec
1007:, the
978:wooden
873:) and
817:) and
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704:cliffs
676:) and
644:) and
586:colony
532:cliffs
464:Quebec
312:Quebec
218:Quebec
205:Canada
1963:(PDF)
1891:(PDF)
1871:8 May
1845:8 May
1835:(PDF)
1790:6 May
1712:9 May
1632:9 May
1516:8 May
1448:(PDF)
1164:, an
886:algae
847:flora
829:Flora
484:ships
444:that
442:birds
275:UTC-4
1943:ISBN
1920:2010
1873:2010
1847:2010
1818:2011
1792:2012
1766:2009
1739:2010
1714:2010
1660:2010
1634:2010
1544:2014
1518:2010
1492:2009
1465:2009
1452:ISBN
1428:2010
1374:2024
1346:2024
1120:Area
1043:Ia (
890:kelp
888:and
833:The
558:The
546:and
542:red
446:nest
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