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178:. Some of the earliest race cars were purpose-built or stripped for the greatest speed, with minimal or no bodywork at all, leading to a body style aptly named 'speedster'. The cut-down speedster body-style really took form in the 1900s. After removing most of the body (and fenders), an empty platform on the ladder-frame chassis was mounted with one or two seats, a gas tank, and spare tyres.
1250:
562:
One story of why this type of racing car is referred to as a "roadster" is that a team was preparing a new car for the
Indianapolis 500. They had it covered in a corner of their shop. If they were asked about their car they would try and obscure its importance by saying that it was just their (hot
363:
By the 1970s "roadster" could be applied to any two-seater car of sporting appearance or character. In response to market demand they were manufactured as well-equipped as convertibles with side windows that retracted into the doors. Popular models through the 1960s and 1970s were the
977:(for the purposes of this British publication) 'In order to avoid confusion, however, the universally understood terms "Tourer", "Coupé", "Saloon", "Limousine", etc., have been adopted, adding the American term 'Roadster' as the two-seater edition of the tourer.'
558:
series (the IndyCar equivalents of the time) from 1952 to 1969. The roadster engine and drive shaft are offset from the centerline of the car. This allows the driver to sit lower in the chassis and facilitates a weight offset which is beneficial on oval tracks.
617:
winner was the same car built by Salih with help by
Epperly built with a unique placement of the engine in a 'lay down' mounting so the cylinders were nearly horizontal instead of vertical as traditional design dictated. This gave a slightly lower
135:
In the United
Kingdom, historically, the preferred terms were "open two-seater" and "two-seat tourer". Since the 1950s, the term "roadster" has also been increasingly used in the United Kingdom. It is noted that the optional 4-seat variant of the
73:) is an open two-seat car with emphasis on sporting appearance or character. Initially an American term for a two-seat car with no weather protection, its usage has spread internationally and has evolved to include two-seat
221:
268:, similar in body style to the modern roadster except for its multiple rows of seats. By the 1920s roadsters were appointed similarly to touring cars, with doors, windshields, simple folding tops, and side curtains.
209:
111:
The term "roadster" originates in the United States, where it was used in the 19th century to describe a horse suitable for travelling. By the end of the century, the definition had expanded to include
625:
Roadsters continued to race until the late 1960s, although they became increasingly uncompetitive against the new rear-engined racing cars. The last roadster to complete the full race distance was in
147:
had a small body and large wooden wheels with thin spokes; they were nicknamed "spiders" because of their appearance; the nickname was transferred to sports cars, although they did not look similar.
181:
American manufacturers Mercer and Stutz started offering ready-made racing speedsters, intentionally built to be driven to race(-track), raced, and driven back by their owner – essentially the first
447:, which was introduced in 1989. The early style of roadster with minimal weather protection is still in production by several low-volume manufacturers and fabricators, including the windowless
194:
577:
who led for most of the race until a steering failure eliminated him. The Howard Keck owned team with
Vukovich driving went on to win the 1953 and 1954 contests with the same car.
233:
162:
compact, available as a convertible or coupe. Although not a true 2 passenger vehicle, it featured upgraded suspension and other equipment to classify it as a "sporty car."
1282:
143:
The term "spider" or "spyder," sometimes used in names for convertible models, is said to come from before the automobile era. Some 19th-century lightweight horse-drawn
124:
or in rear deck." Since it has a single row of seats, the main seat for the driver and passenger was usually further back in the chassis than it would have been in a
249:
316:
496:
2177:
887:
Here it is, with other body types and distinctions, officially determined recently by the
Nomenclature Division of the Society of Automobile Engineers:
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264:, a body style with a single row of seats and no doors, windshield, or other weather protection. Another predecessor was the
847:
1986:
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300:
171:
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1992:
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1909 model T speedster – announced winner of the 1909 Ocean to Ocean race, disqualified because of an engine change
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1071:
524:
175:
20:
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1981:
1937:
1439:
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finished fifth in the
Wienberger Homes Watson car. The last roadster to make the race was built and driven by
1121:
563:
rod) "roadster". After the
Indianapolis racer was made public, the "roadster" name was still attached to it.
429:
2062:
2037:
1841:
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100:
81:
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2057:
1967:
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48:
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589:, George Salih and Quinn Epperly were other notable roadster constructors. Watson-built roadsters won in
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Roadster bodies were offered on automobiles of all sizes and classes, from mass-produced cars like the
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Some pavement midget roadsters were built and raced into the early 1970s but never were dominant.
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662:, the general term to describe vehicles with retractable roofs and retractable side windows
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137:
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defined a roadster as: "an open car seating two or three. It may have additional seats on
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938:(e-book ed.). Poundbury, Dorchester, UK: Veloce Publishing. pp. 480–484.
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The 1912 Stutz Bear Cat / Bearcat, (1914 shown), available doorless through 1916
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74:
19:
This article is about the style of automobile. For other uses of the term, see
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1505:
1487:
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1360:
1335:
1172:"Brickyard Classic: 1958 Indy 500 – The Salih and Epperly "Laydown" Roadsters"
1047:"Mazda Produces 900,000th MX-5, Recognized as World's Best-Selling Sports Car"
502:
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934:
Culshaw, David; Horrobin, Peter (2013) . "Appendix 5 - Coachwork styles".
846:
Society of
Automobile Engineers, Nomenclature Division (August 20, 1916).
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2012:
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766:
Webster, Noah; Goodrich, Chauncey A.; Porter, Noah (1861). "Roadster".
670:
1962:
694:(Fourth ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 692.
474:
392:
369:
88:, in the 1950s and 1960s. This type of racing car was superseded by
1836:
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809:
609:
winners were actually close copies built from Watson designs. The
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355:
215:
Barney
Oldfield and Henry Ford with Oldfield's 999 speedster, 1902
99:
913:
832:
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656:, a related two-seater body style designed primarily for racing
1996:
1566:
1454:
1291:
1260:
1222:"The Don Edmunds Fully Independent Suspended Roadster Midget"
554:
was used to describe a style of racing cars competing in the
825:
203:
1896/1897 "Pirate" racer was one of the first speedsters.
848:"What's What in Automobile Bodies Officially Determined"
827:. Springfield, MA US: G. and C. Merriam. p. 1246.
569:
built the first roadster to race and entered it in the
80:
The roadster was also a style of racing car driven in
770:. Springfield, MA US: G. and C. Merriam. p. 959.
585:
in a Kurtis after Vukovich was killed while leading.
170:
Auto racing began with the first earnest contests in
731:. New York, NY USA: E. P. Dutton. pp. 215–217.
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1299:
936:The complete catalogue of British Cars 1895 - 1975
260:The immediate predecessor to the roadster was the
1097:"25 Snapshots of the Mazda Miata Through History"
673:, a protective cover for the seats in an open car
788:Illustrated Dictionary of Automobile Body Styles
754:A two-passenger open car of sporting appearance.
140:would not be technically considered a roadster.
1033:
1006:
1004:
768:An American Dictionary of the English Language
1276:
1072:"History of the Mazda MX-5 - picture special"
1011:The Cutdown Speedster — ClassicSpeedsters.com
794:. Jefferson, NC USA: McFarland. p. 113.
790:. Illustrations by Bertil Nydén; foreword by
358:open two-seater marketed in USA as a roadster
8:
991:"Here's Why Convertibles Are Called Spiders"
1122:"The 10 greatest Indy roadsters in history"
859:. New York, NY USA. Nomenclature Division,
1305:
1283:
1269:
1261:
781:
779:
777:
116:and tricycles. In 1916, the United States
84:(USAC) Championship Racing, including the
1687:Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe
1021:
968:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 259–260
897:
895:
2033:Homogeneous charge compression ignition
1147:"(USAC) Championship Indy Car Roadster"
682:
461:
378:
293:
187:
823:Porter, Noah, ed. (1898). "Roadster".
279:to extremely expensive cars like the
7:
729:Encyclopedia of American Automobiles
443:The highest selling roadster is the
965:Garage Organization and Management
690:Pollard, Elaine, ed. (1994). "R".
14:
1697:Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville
128:. Roadsters usually had a hooded
104:Early roadster competing for the
1248:
989:Silvestro, Brian (14 May 2018).
905:A dictionary of automobile terms
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158:, a turbocharged version of its
47:
30:
861:Society of Automobile Engineers
712:an open car without rear seats.
692:The Oxford Paperback Dictionary
118:Society of Automobile Engineers
2334:Template:EC car classification
463:1990s to present day roadsters
1:
908:. The Horseless Age Company.
786:Haajanen, Lennart W. (2003).
1126:www.macsmotorcitygarage.com
1034:Culshaw & Horrobin 2013
2381:
2023:Gasoline / petrol
1787:Roadster / Spider / Spyder
902:Clough, Albert L. (1913).
727:, ed. (1971). "Glossary".
556:AAA/USAC Championship Cars
54:1931 Ford Model A roadster
18:
2319:
2163:(engine / drive)
546:1957 Kurtis Indy roadster
189:1890s to 1920s speedsters
176:1895 in the United States
21:Roadster (disambiguation)
1802:Sedan delivery/Panel van
380:1950s to 1980s roadsters
295:1920s to 1950s roadsters
2063:Liquified petroleum gas
1875:Driverless (autonomous)
1176:www.curbsideclassic.com
641:and dropped out early.
538:IndyCar roadster layout
82:United States Auto Club
1968:Compressed natural gas
1895:Personal rapid transit
960:"The Used Car Problem"
547:
326:Murphy-bodied roadster
108:
2234:Dual motor-four-wheel
1832:Town (Coupé de Ville)
622:and a lower profile.
571:1952 Indianapolis 500
545:
103:
2245:Engine configuration
1257:at Wikimedia Commons
241:Mercer 35R Raceabout
2365:Car classifications
2251:internal combustion
2053:Internal combustion
1860:All-terrain vehicle
1782:Retractable hardtop
573:. It was driven by
422:Mercedes-Benz 380SL
1226:www.donedmunds.com
1101:www.cheatsheet.com
1051:www.motortrend.com
856:The New York Times
548:
285:Duesenberg Model J
109:
2342:
2341:
1638:
1637:
1407:Compact executive
1253:Media related to
1151:www.ewarbirds.org
1076:www.autocar.co.uk
945:978-1-845845-83-4
455:and the bodyless
407:Alfa Romeo Spider
366:Alfa Romeo Spider
16:Open two-seat car
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2213:Front-four-wheel
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1938:Alternative fuel
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2131:Engine position
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449:Morgan Roadster
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1197:"Robin Miller"
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106:Vanderbilt Cup
97:
94:
53:
46:
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29:
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2281:Reciprocating
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2256:
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2207:
2203:
2200:
2199:Rear mid-rear
2196:
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1812:Station wagon
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1702:Coupé utility
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1516:Sport compact
1514:
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1427:Minivan / MPV
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1201:www.racer.com
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1022:Georgano 1971
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801:0-7864-1276-3
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701:0-19-280012-4
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671:Tonneau cover
669:
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664:
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636:
635:Jim Hurtubise
632:
628:
623:
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588:
584:
580:
576:
575:Bill Vukovich
572:
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297:
294:
292:
290:
286:
282:
281:Cadillac V-16
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95:
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78:
76:
72:
68:
64:
50:
40:
33:
22:
2121:Twelve-wheel
2078:Drive wheels
1851:Specialized
1772:Pickup truck
1677:Cabrio coach
1521:Sports sedan
1496:Grand tourer
1229:. Retrieved
1225:
1216:
1204:. Retrieved
1200:
1191:
1179:. Retrieved
1175:
1166:
1154:. Retrieved
1150:
1141:
1129:. Retrieved
1125:
1116:
1104:. Retrieved
1100:
1091:
1079:. Retrieved
1075:
1066:
1054:. Retrieved
1050:
1041:
1029:
1017:
994:
984:
976:
970:. Retrieved
964:
954:
935:
929:
917:. Retrieved
904:
886:
880:. Retrieved
854:
841:
824:
818:
787:
767:
761:
751:
750:
738:0-525-097929
728:
719:
709:
706:
705:
691:
685:
643:
624:
587:A. J. Watson
579:Bob Sweikert
567:Frank Kurtis
565:
561:
551:
549:
531:MG Cyberster
442:
362:
340:Delahaye 135
324:Duesenberg J
308:Ford Model T
273:Ford Model T
270:
259:
201:Ransom Olds'
180:
169:
156:Monza Spyder
155:
149:
142:
134:
110:
79:
75:convertibles
70:
66:
62:
60:
2271:Four-stroke
2171:Front-front
2111:Eight-wheel
2086:Front-wheel
2018:Natural gas
2003:Fossil fuel
1958:Biogasoline
1644:Body styles
1572:Vintage car
919:1 September
660:Convertible
601:though the
374:Triumph TR4
342:MS roadster
266:touring car
126:touring car
2349:Categories
2296:Two-stroke
2192:Front-rear
2185:Rear-front
2101:Four-wheel
2091:Rear-wheel
1930:Propulsion
1920:Voiturette
1905:Flying car
1900:Police car
1865:Amphibious
1777:Quad coupé
1667:Berlinetta
1384:Street rod
1326:Subcompact
1206:28 October
1181:28 October
1156:28 October
1131:28 October
972:2012-10-26
882:2012-05-31
810:2002014546
678:References
503:Mazda MX-5
457:Ariel Atom
453:Caterham 7
445:Mazda MX-5
39:Mazda MX-5
2355:Roadsters
2206:Rear-rear
2116:Ten-wheel
2106:Six-wheel
2096:Two-wheel
2008:Fuel cell
1948:Biodiesel
1915:Tow truck
1890:Pedal car
1870:Connected
1842:Vis-Ă -vis
1817:Targa top
1762:Panel van
1757:Notchback
1737:Limousine
1727:Landaulet
1717:Hatchback
1662:Barchetta
1630:S-segment
1625:M-segment
1620:J-segment
1615:F-segment
1610:E-segment
1605:D-segment
1600:C-segment
1595:B-segment
1590:A-segment
1501:Hot hatch
1478:Coupe SUV
1412:Executive
1374:Lead sled
1351:Full-size
1331:Supermini
1255:Roadsters
869:0362-4331
752:Roadster.
654:Barchetta
639:1968 race
550:The term
174:, and in
152:Chevrolet
150:In 1962,
130:dashboard
96:Etymology
2329:Category
2306:W engine
2291:Straight
2048:Hydrogen
2013:Fuel gas
1978:Electric
1853:vehicles
1792:Runabout
1742:Microvan
1732:Liftback
1722:Kammback
1707:Fastback
1682:Cab over
1672:Brougham
1417:Personal
1389:T-bucket
1379:Lowrider
1346:Mid-size
1231:14 April
914:13003001
833:98001281
747:79147885
707:roadster
648:See also
583:1955 500
581:won the
552:roadster
310:roadster
277:Austin 7
275:and the
262:runabout
145:phaetons
114:bicycles
63:roadster
2301:V (Vee)
2276:H-block
2042:plug-in
2040: (
2025: (
1995: (
1993:Ethanol
1982:battery
1980: (
1953:Biofuel
1943:Autogas
1910:Taxicab
1885:Gyrocar
1880:Go-kart
1827:Touring
1822:Torpedo
1767:Phaeton
1747:Minibus
1712:Hardtop
1557:Economy
1552:Classic
1547:Antique
1531:Go-kart
1463:Compact
1440:Leisure
1435:Compact
1369:Hot rod
1341:Compact
1309:By size
1106:23 June
1081:23 June
1056:23 June
877:1645522
637:in the
629:, when
166:History
160:Corvair
2324:Portal
2311:Wankel
2236:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2159:Layout
2038:Hybrid
1973:Diesel
1963:Biogas
1657:Baquet
1506:Muscle
1488:Sports
1399:Luxury
1361:Custom
1336:Family
1294:design
942:
912:
875:
867:
831:
808:
798:
745:
735:
698:
475:BMW Z3
283:, the
92:cars.
71:spyder
67:spider
65:(also
2261:Boxer
2139:Front
2068:Steam
1837:T-top
1692:Coupe
1540:Other
1526:Super
1316:Micro
851:(pdf)
435:1987
420:1983
391:1973
356:MG TC
354:1949
338:1937
322:1932
306:1926
239:1910
37:2016
2266:Flat
2149:Rear
1511:Pony
1473:Mini
1445:Mini
1233:2019
1208:2018
1183:2018
1158:2018
1133:2018
1108:2018
1083:2018
1058:2018
940:ISBN
921:2014
910:LCCN
873:OCLC
865:ISSN
829:LCCN
806:LCCN
796:ISBN
743:LCCN
733:ISBN
710:noun
696:ISBN
627:1965
615:1958
613:and
611:1957
607:1963
605:and
603:1961
599:1964
595:1959
591:1956
372:and
287:and
2144:Mid
1997:E85
1987:NEV
1652:2+2
1567:Van
1562:Ute
1455:SUV
1321:Kei
1292:Car
393:MGB
370:MGB
2351::
1582:EU
1224:.
1199:.
1174:.
1149:.
1124:.
1099:.
1074:.
1049:.
1003:^
993:.
975:.
962:.
894:^
885:.
871:.
863:.
853:.
804:.
776:^
749:.
741:.
704:.
597:–
593:,
459:.
376:.
368:,
291:.
185:.
132:.
77:.
69:,
61:A
2253:)
2249:(
2044:)
2029:)
1999:)
1989:)
1284:e
1277:t
1270:v
1235:.
1210:.
1185:.
1160:.
1135:.
1110:.
1085:.
1060:.
997:.
948:.
923:.
835:.
812:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
