528:. General Richardson, as the administrative commander of all Pacific Army personnel, questioned whether Marine General Smith, as the operational commander, had the authority to relieve Army General Smith and whether the relief was justified by the facts. This minor inter-service controversy was fanned by the media into controversy over Pacific war strategy and led to a bitter inter-service relationship in the Pacific Theater. At the core, this was a difference of opinion between the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps and the U.S. Army over command authority, pre-campaign planning, and operational tactics. Also fueling this was General Holland Smith's low opinion and poor treatment of the Army personnel under his control.
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375:(AEF) that was preparing to go to France. Then (temporary) Major Richardson sailed with General Barry to France from New York December 1, 1917. Fluent in French, Richardson served as Aide and observer with foreign armies until January 9, 1918. On June 14, 1918, he was assigned to the Operations Division, General Staff, AEF as Liaison Officer for G.H.Q Allied Headquarters and with American Armies, Corps, and Divisions during the combat operations of 1918. He escorted Allied missions in
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346:. He was wounded in action at Cotta Usap, on January 7, 1905, and subsequently awarded the Purple Heart and the Silver Star award for gallantry in action against hostile Moros tribesmen. He subsequently participated in various other engagements against the insurgents until he left his regiment on October 21, 1905. Returning to the United States, he was with the 14th Cavalry at the
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479:. As the administrative commander he oversaw all the Army’s planning, logistical preparation, training, and force deployment efforts as part of the overall U.S. joint forces island hopping campaign that led to surrender of Japan. His Army ground and air forces fought in all the major central and mid-Pacific battles under the operational command of Admiral
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requested of
General Marshall that General Richardson return to command the Army corps being stood up in Australia. Upon his return to Washington, General Richardson frankly reported to General Marshall the inappropriateness of US forces being placed under the command of foreign officers. This was based on his World War I experience from General
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267:(October 27, 1882 – March 2, 1954) was born in Charleston, South Carolina, on October 27, 1882, and was admitted as a cadet at the United States Military Academy on June 19, 1900. His military career spanned the first half of the 20th century. He was a veteran of the 1904 Philippine insurrection, World War I, and World War II. He commanded the
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and the
Operations Officer Representative at Advance G.H.Q. With the end of hostilities, now a temporary colonel, Richardson joined the Reparations Board, Peace Commission, Paris from January 28 to February 28, 1919. As part of the Army occupation forces Colonel Richardson served on temporary duty
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On
October 25, 1906, he returned to West Point as an Assistant Instructor of Modern Languages until August 13, 1911. Then 1st Lt Richardson returned to San Francisco, California until October 4, 1911, when he sailed for his second Philippines tour with the 14th Cavalry at Camp Stotsenburg. On March
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in
Alabama, moving it to set up the defense of California immediately following the bombing of Pearl Harbor. In 1943 he was made Commanding General of the Hawaiian Department, Military Governor of Hawaii, and all Army personnel in the Pacific Ocean and Mid-Pacific Areas. As Commander of all Pacific
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where he oversaw the buildup of US California defenses following the Pearl Harbor bombing. Several months after Pearl Harbor, General
Marshall sent him out on a personal reconnaissance of the whole Pacific theater to assess the extent of the allied situation. While in Australia, General MacArthur,
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In the
Philippines, soon to be Major Richardson served as Assistant to the Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations, Headquarters, Philippine Department, Manila until April 6, 1923, when he returned to the United States to attend the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Upon
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In June 1917, then
Captain Richardson was assigned to the 2nd Cavalry at Fort Ethan Allen, Vermont and on July 9, 1917, he was appointed Aide to Major General T. H. Barry who commanded the Central Department, Chicago, Illinois. He helped in the rapid buildup and training of the
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General Staff, Washington, D.C. In March 1920, Richardson returned to his permanent regular grade of
Captain. On August 9, 1920 Captain Richardson joined the Office of the Chief of Cavalry until January 28, 1921, when he returned for his third Philippine tour of duty.
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During his
Hawaiian command, General Richardson built up an extensive training operation on the Hawaiian Islands to training military personnel in amphibious operations, jungle fighting, and other command and support operation. He oversaw the construction of
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On August 20, 1928, he was again assigned to West Point as
Commanding Officer, Provisional Battalion and Executive Officer until March 2, 1929, when he became Commandant of Cadets and Head of Department of Tactics. On June 30, 1933, he attended the
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318:. He was responsible for all Army disciplinary, training, and tactical unit preparations. He was the first senior Army general officer to ever serve as Joint forces subordinate commander under a non-Army flag officer, Fleet Admiral Nimitz.
491:'s headquarters buildings in a scant 49 days. The "Pineapple Pentagon," has remained the planning and operational support centers for soldiers of the U.S. Army, Pacific since 1944 and was memorialized for General Richardson after his death.
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General Walter Short, in collaboration with the territorial governor of Hawaii, proclaimed martial law in Hawaii on 7 December 1941. The Army commanders who succeeded Short maintained martial law, along with suspending the right of
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4, 1912, he returned to the United States to join the 23d Infantry at Texas City and Fort Clark, Texas. In August 1914 he returned for his second tour at West Point as Assistant Professor of English until June 1917.
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After the war, Richardson continued to command the Hawaiian Department and U.S. Army Force in the Middle Pacific until he retired in October 1946, having reached the mandatory retirement age of 64.
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General Richarson died on March 2, 1954, while on vacation in Italy. He was posthumously promoted to full general on July 19, 1954, by special act of U.S. Congress, Public Law 83-508.
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Army personnel, he had administrative or what is called UCMJ authority of all Army units, while tactical or what is called today operational Joint control fell to Fleet Admiral
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insisting that US forces fight under US command. This led to the unconfirmed rumor that his report cost him the corps command under General MacArthur.
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at Headquarters, Third Army in Coblenz, Germany, and was attached to Headquarters, 10th French Army, Mayence, Germany until June 1, 1919.
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from 1940 to 1941. He then directed the War Department Bureau of Public Relations before becoming Commanding General of the
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General Richardson stood in the front row of senior leaders who witnessed Japan’s formal surrender on the deck of the USS
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During this period another controversy arose. In June 1944 General Richardson disputed Marine Lieutenant General
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February 20, 1941 Official War Department Biography, Major General Robert C. Richardson Jr.
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George Washington Cullum, United States Military Academy. Association of Graduates (1930).
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From 20 February 1941 War Department Biography of Major General R C Richardson Jr.
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to appear in court. When Richardson refused to comply, Metzger charged him with
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at Fort Clark, Texas. In June 1938, Colonel Richardson assumed command of the
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graduation in June 1924, Major Richardson sailed for France to attend the
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and issued a $ 5,000 fine. He was later pardoned by President Roosevelt.
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at Fort Bliss, Texas. On October 10, 1940, he assumed command of the
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and assigned as commanding general of the Hawaiian Department,
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West Point-An Intimate Picture of the National Military Academy
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by Gailey, Harry A., Dell Publishing Co., NY 1987 (Pg 219-229)
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where led his cavalry troop from the Presidio as part of the
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Howlin' Mad Vs. the Army: Conflict in Command Saipan 1944
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Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
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with the U.S. Embassy in Rome. He was the author of "
290:. During World War I he was a liaison officer in the
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German Americans then being held in military custody
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Officers of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
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334:was ordered to the Philippine Islands to join the
952:Lieutenant Colonel, Regular Army: March 20, 1928
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305:Prior to World War II, Richardson commanded the
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994:, Army of the United States: October 1, 1940
338:. He served in the field against the hostile
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765:Order of S. Maurice and St. Lazarus, Officer
358:to the earthquake and subsequent firestorm.
330:(West Point), then 2nd Lt Richardson of the
1451:United States Army generals of World War II
1446:United States Army personnel of World War I
1441:United States Army Cavalry Branch personnel
256:Brig General Robert C. Richardson III, USAF
19:For other persons with a similar name, see
1511:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre (France)
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1009:, Army of the United States: June 1, 1943
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94:United States Military Academy Cemetery
282:in 1904, Richardson also attended the
1481:United States Army War College alumni
1476:United States Military Academy alumni
853:, United States Army: March 11, 1911
344:Philippine War guerrilla insurrection
7:
964:Colonel, Regular Army: July 1, 1935
868:, United States Army: July 1, 1916
676:Army of Occupation of Germany Medal
940:Major, Regular Army: July 1, 1920
14:
1491:Recipients of the Legion of Merit
1041:, Retired List: November 1, 1946
516:'s removal of Army Major General
1501:Officers of the Legion of Honour
1318:Territorial Governor of Hawaiʻi
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1215:Territorial Governor of Hawaiʻi
1154: This article incorporates
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1139:. Houghton Mifflin. p. 622.
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467:In June 1943 he was promoted to
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42:General Robert C. Richardson Jr.
1436:United States military attachés
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265:Robert Charlwood Richardson Jr.
1456:Burials at West Point Cemetery
913:, Temporary: November 2, 1918
819:United States Military Academy
712:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
688:American Defense Service Medal
550:Orders, decorations and medals
328:United States Military Academy
280:United States Military Academy
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1496:Recipients of the Silver Star
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724:World War II Victory Medal
403:Ecole Superieure de Guerre
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16:United States Army general
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793:Medal of Solidarity, 1918
779:Croix de Guerre with Palm
751:Order of Leopold, Officer
660:World War I Victory Medal
623:Philippine Campaign Medal
348:Presidio of San Francisco
326:Upon graduation from the
286:, France, as well as the
188:U.S. Army Pacific Command
35:
1171:Generals of World War II
795:, second Class (Panama)
737:Legion of Honor, Officer
30:Robert C. Richardson Jr.
827:No pin insignia in 1904
700:American Campaign Medal
413:at Fort Riley, Kansas.
381:Meuse-Argonne Offensive
1156:public domain material
1091:"Robert C. Richardson"
535:on September 2, 1945.
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284:University of Grenoble
278:Commissioned from the
1093:. Densho Encyclopedia
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356:Government’s response
350:, California for the
342:, at Jolo during the
294:. Afterward he was a
136:Years of service
1354:Governor of Hawaiʻi
520:from command of the
477:Central Pacific Area
435:1st Cavalry Division
377:St. Mihiel Offensive
307:1st Cavalry Division
206:1st Cavalry Division
1207:Governors of Hawaii
1089:Nakamura, Kelli Y.
431:2nd Cavalry Brigade
1160:United States Army
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130:United States Army
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948:
943:
939:
936:
931:
927:
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921:
916:
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897:
894:
891:
886:
882:
879:
876:
871:
867:
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861:
856:
852:
849:
846:
841:
837:
833:
830:
828:
824:
820:
816:
813:
811:
807:
802:Dates of rank
801:
794:
789:
785:
784:
780:
775:
771:
770:
766:
761:
757:
756:
752:
747:
743:
742:
738:
733:
729:
728:
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721:
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689:
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669:
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635:
628:
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612:
608:
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588:
584:
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568:
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564:
560:
556:
555:
549:
547:
541:
539:
536:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
514:Holland Smith
510:
508:
504:
500:
499:
498:habeas corpus
492:
490:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
463:
459:
455:
453:
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398:
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365:
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127:
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117:
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113:United States
103:
99:
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91:
87:
83:
75:March 2, 1954
74:
70:
66:
62:
50:
46:
39:
34:
27:
22:
1307:
1148:
1145:
1136:
1112:
1107:
1095:. Retrieved
1084:
826:
809:
791:
777:
763:
749:
735:
611:Purple Heart
545:
537:
532:
530:
511:
496:
493:
489:Fort Shafter
485:
466:
444:
441:World War II
415:
411:13th Cavalry
399:
391:
369:
360:
336:14th Cavalry
332:U.S. Cavalry
325:
322:Early career
304:
277:
264:
263:
242:Purple Heart
224:World War II
212:Battles/wars
77:(1954-03-02)
1431:1954 deaths
1426:1882 births
1395:Abercrombie
810:No insignia
662:with three
587:Silver Star
524:during the
427:5th Cavalry
238:Silver Star
220:World War I
1420:Categories
1308:Richardson
1261:Poindexter
1251:Farrington
1097:15 October
1063:References
753:(Belgium)
542:Retirement
101:Allegiance
61:Charleston
54:1882-10-27
1329:Stainback
781:(France)
739:(France)
311:VII Corps
252:Relations
197:VII Corps
139:1904–1946
1385:Cayetano
1375:Ariyoshi
1246:McCarthy
767:(Italy)
533:Missouri
507:contempt
179:Commands
119:Service/
1380:Waiheʻe
1241:Pinkham
1054:General
926:Captain
911:Colonel
866:Captain
153:General
84:, Italy
1390:Lingle
1303:Emmons
1231:Carter
481:Nimitz
273:Hawaii
230:Awards
164:0-1903
121:branch
110:
67:, U.S.
1405:Green
1370:Burns
1365:Quinn
1344:Quinn
1298:Short
1236:Frear
881:Major
815:Cadet
258:(son)
1339:King
1334:Long
1256:Judd
1226:Dole
1099:2014
483:.
169:Unit
144:Rank
82:Rome
72:Died
48:Born
1400:Ige
302:".
1422::
1121:^
1070:^
834:,
817:,
63:,
1199:e
1192:t
1185:v
1101:.
56:)
52:(
23:.
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