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studies and group exercises. His class
Computer Supported Cooperative Work: Designing Online Communities is intended to provide knowledge for his students to distinguish between effective and ineffective online communities and the skills to design effective ones. Social Science Perspectives in HCI is a seminar-style course that covers not only the history of human-computer interaction, but also innovative findings in information systems. Through readings, he discusses different approaches in research and addresses the challenges that researchers face in this field of study. HCI Process and Theory and the HCI Undergraduate Project Course are research-based classes where Kraut engage in semester-long projects with a group of students.
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469:, pick up groups in World of Warcraft, and software development teams. They found that one effective method teams use to coordinate is developing mental models of one another, their goals, the tasks that need to be done, and their environment. Such models improve coordination with less communication.
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Economic markets are the social institution for fairly allocating scarce resources. In this area of research, Kraut wants to find out how to align the intuition that markets for attention with those who are sending and receiving the information. He also wants to be able to test the markets. Kraut has
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Dr. Kraut’s most recent book, Building
Successful Online Communities is a collaboration with Dr. Paul Resnick at the University of Michigan. The book draws on theory and empirical research to give a broad understanding of what causes online communities to succeed or fail. Kraut and Resnick segment
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Dr. Kraut collaborated with
Malcolm Brynin and Sara Kiesler to write Computers, Phones, and the Internet. The book focuses on understanding the impact of increasing mass access to information in contexts outside of the workplace. Specifically, the authors focus on the effects new technology has on
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His objective in
Communication in Groups and Organizations is to help students learn about the communication challenges that come with group work and how to effectively resolved them. Students can better understand successful communication by applying data gathering and research principles in case
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Kraut's research focuses on five areas: online communities, everyday use of the
Internet, technology and conversation, collaboration in small work groups, and computers in organizations. He has published more than 100 articles, papers and books. He first examines the challenges that individuals,
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centers on what it means to be a successful online community. Some common themes of success involve the ability to attract newcomers, encourage commitment and contribution, and regulate group member behavior. Specifically, Kraut and
Resnick’s argue “to be successful, online communities need the
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behavior among bowlers, hockey fans, and pedestrians. Their findings suggested that smiling emerges in response to social motivations rather than emotional experience and serves an important role in nonverbal communication. Although it substantiated theories in the emerging field of
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groups, and organizations face when performing social tasks. Working with computer scientists and engineers to create and determine the usefulness of the new technology, he believes his findings can lead to the design of new technology to meet some of these challenges.
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Kraut wrote Re-engineering Social
Encounters, an essay reflecting back to his research on social psychology. He explained how he felt in an environment filled with computer scientists and engineers, and what he learned as a result of the challenges he
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Kraut focuses on determining what motivates people to commit and contribute to online communities and designing these communities to be more successful. He also works with Aniket Kittur to understand coordination in online communities, with
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the book into a variety of design claims focused on how to improve the design of online communities. These claims are supported by evidence from academic research in the social sciences, namely psychology and economics.
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are looking into how a shared visual space influences collaboration, how the usefulness of visual information interacts with tasks, and identify ways to build communication systems for remote collaborative work.
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Kraut, Robert E.; Fish, Robert S.; Root, Robert W.; Chalfonte, Barbara L.; Oskamp, I. S. (1990). "Informal communication in organizations: Form, function, and technology". In Oskamp, S.; Spacapan, S. (eds.).
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documented individuals and families’ usage with electronic communication and information services and the integration of and the impact these services are having on their social and psychological well-being.
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Since 1979, Kraut has been examining how pairs coordinate their conversation because it has been shown that working in the same location enhances collaboration, which improves communication efficiency.
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on this research. They acknowledged that groups can only collaborate effectively if they are communicating spontaneously and informally. However, interruptions may cause them to be less productive.
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who studies human-computer interaction, online communities, internet use, group coordination, computers in organizations, and the role of visual elements in interpersonal communication. He is a
465:, Kraut has been observing coordination in groups in laboratory and field settings as well as in a variety of groups, including research collaborations, managerial teams, military crews at
481:. His recent classes include the following: Communication in Groups and Organizations, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: Designing Online Communities, Social Science Perspectives in
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Kraut, Robert E.; Rice, Ronald E.; Cool, Colleen; Fish, Robert S. (1998). "Varieties of Social
Influence: The Role of Utility and Norms in the Success of a New Communication Medium".
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Subrahmanyam, Kaveri; Kraut, Robert E.; Greenfield, Patricia M.; Gross, Elisheva F. (2000). "The Impact of Home
Computer Use on Children's Activities and Development".
259:(Bellcore) and later became the director of the Interpersonal Communication research. During his tenure at Bell, Kraut was also a visiting lecturer and fellow at
367:, Kraut has looked into how people who are moving around to different locations use the Internet to build and maintain social connections. He also worked with
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Performing the same task as a group is inherently different than individuals doing so because coordination is needed when working with others. Working with
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in 2003 and received its lifetime achievement award for research in 2016. He was board member of the
Computer Science and Telecommunications Board of the
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His most recent work examines factors influencing the success of online communities and ways to apply psychology theory to their design. This includes
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as a visiting scientist and departed Cornell in 1981 to become a full-time scientist working in Bell's Interface Planning group. Following the 1984
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Kraut investigates how people use the Internet daily and the effects it is having on them and their social relationships. In 1995, Kraut and
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identified this federally sponsored research as an instance of wasteful government spending and highlighted it in March 1980 with a "
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Dr. Kraut has co-authored a number of books relating to the intersection of technology and the social sciences (often under the
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Kraut, Robert E.; Johnston, Robert E. (September 1979). "Social and emotional messages of smiling: An ethological approach".
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Kraut, Robert E.; Johnston, Robert E. (September 1979). "Social and emotional messages of smiling: An ethological approach".
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Bennen, Gerard; Ling, Kimberly; Wang, Xiaoqing; Chang, Klarissa; Frankowski, Dan; Resnick, Paul; Kraut, Robert E. (2004).
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Kittur, Aniket; Kraut, Robert E. (2008). "Harnessing the wisdom of crowds in wikipedia: Quality through coordination".
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and Kraut are working towards finding ways to manage interruptions more efficiently in order to decrease disruption.
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and examined how various uses of Facebook influence users’ social capital, health, and psychological well-being.
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social contexts including family dynamics, educational settings, social relationships, and daily routines.
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Burke, Moira; Kraut, Robert E. (2008). "Taking up the mop: Identifying future wikipedia administrators".
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1092:"The Relationship Between Facebook Use and Well-Being Depends on Communication Type and Tie Strength"
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people who participate in them to contribute the resources on which the group's existence is built.”
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to design for commitment purposes. The results of much of this research are summarized in the book,
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Professor of Human-computer Interaction in 2000 and appointed University Professor in 2022.
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Sharing Perspectives: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
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Kraut was featured in an article called, “Inventing the Future”. It was published in the
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as a professor of social psychology and human computer interaction. Kraut was named the
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Fish, Robert S.; Kraut, Robert E.; Root, Robert W.; Rice, Ronald E. (January 1993).
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His former courses also include the HCI Masters’ Project Course and The Social Web.
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Outside of his research, Kraut taught undergraduate, masters, and PhD courses at
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Human reactions to technology: Claremont symposium on applied social psychology
263:. In 1993, Kraut left Bellcore and accepted a full-time faculty appointment at
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to understand socialization between newcomers and these communities, and with
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Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
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Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
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on the condition that lead to better quality in Knowledge articles and with
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Intellectual Teamwork: Social and Technological Bases for Cooperative Work
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Computers, Phones, and the Internet: Domesticating Information Technology
855:"Using social psychology to motivate contributions to online communities"
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Computers, phones, and the Internet: Domesticating information technology
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1323:"Building successful online communities: Evidence-based social design"
1252:"Overview & requirements | Organization Communication 2015"
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Building successful online communities: Evidence-based social design
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Building Successful Online Communities: Evidence-Based Social Design
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Computer Chips and Paper Clips: Technology and Women's Employment
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CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
485:, HCI Process and Theory, and HCI Undergraduate Project Course.
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Kraut, Robert E.; Brynin, Malcolm; Kiesler, Sara, eds. (2006).
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Hartmann, Heidi I.; Kraut, R. E.; Tilly, Louise A. (1986).
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Kraut, Robert E.; Brynin, Malcolm; Kiesler, Sara (2006).
1205:. School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University.
1066:"HomeNet: A Field Trial of Residential Internet Services"
232:
in 1968 and received his Ph.D. in social psychology from
1237:'Shrimp On A Treadmill': The Politics Of 'Silly' Studies
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In 1979, Dr. Kraut and his Cornell psychology colleague
255:, he worked in the Behavioral Science research group at
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2011 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
1374:"Psychologists in Non-Traditional Academic Departments"
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Research Recommendations to Facilitate Distributed Work
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Technology and The Transformation of White-Collar Work
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Galegher, J.; Kraut, R. E.; Egido, C., eds. (1990).
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744:Kraut, Robert E.; Streeter, Lynn A. (March 1995).
711:"Video as a technology for informal communication"
594:Committee on Telecommuting and Technology (1994).
534:
1429:Robert Kraut Human-Computer Interaction Institute
579:. New York: Association for Computing Machinery.
236:in 1973. He joined the sociology faculty at the
560:. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
541:. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
8:
1479:Human-Computer Interaction Institute faculty
1402:. School of Computer Science Alumni Magazine
1164:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
672:Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
640:Kraut, Robert E.; Resnick, P., eds. (2013).
1434:Robert Kraut - Social and Decision Sciences
1439:Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science
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1099:Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
598:. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
518:. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
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1348:"Building Successful Online Communities"
1224:. Association for Psychological Science.
319:in predicting successful candidates for
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575:Turner, J.; Kraut, R. E., eds. (1992).
1464:Human–computer interaction researchers
746:"Coordination in software development"
656:Building Successful Online Communities
196:(born August 30, 1946) is an American
617:. New York: Oxford University Press.
120:Association for Psychological Science
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914:Human-Computer Interaction Institute
210:Human-Computer Interaction Institute
288:Association for Computing Machinery
124:Association for Computing Machinery
504:umbrella) throughout his career.
204:University Professor Emeritus of
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309:academic studies about Knowledge
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908:’s (cite 5) alumni magazine at
280:US National Academy of Sciences
533:Kraut, Robert E., ed. (1987).
428:published an article studying
284:American Psychological Society
1:
1469:American social psychologists
1267:"Overview & requirements"
311:, for example, research with
946:. Carnegie Mellon University
347:Everyday use of the Internet
257:Bell Communications Research
161:Bell Communications Research
16:American social psychologist
1372:Kraut, Robert (July 2003).
1301:. Oxford University Press.
1176:10.1037/0022-3514.37.9.1539
1090:Burke, M; Kraut, R (2016).
684:10.1037/0022-3514.37.9.1539
644:. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
375:Technology and conversation
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910:Carnegie Mellon University
906:School of Computer Science
502:Human-Computer Interaction
479:Carnegie Mellon University
265:Carnegie Mellon University
238:University of Pennsylvania
214:Carnegie Mellon University
206:Human-computer Interaction
181:University of Pennsylvania
155:Carnegie Mellon University
145:Human-Computer Interaction
1282:"HCII Process and Theory"
1218:"Why Robert Kraut Smiles"
750:Communications of the ACM
715:Communications of the ACM
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129:
30:
1197:Holohan, Maghan (2009).
321:Knowledge administrators
1449:Why Robert Kraut Smiles
1034:10.1145/1358628.1358871
993:10.1145/1460563.1460572
869:10.1145/1031607.1031642
435:evolutionary psychology
253:Bell System divestiture
224:Robert Kraut graduated
1494:Yale University alumni
1397:"Inventing the future"
1240:, NPR, August 23, 2011
1234:Nell Greenfieldboyce,
810:The Future of Children
449:Coordination in groups
274:He was elected to the
247:In 1980, Kraut joined
1199:"Wiki While You Work"
763:10.1145/203330.203345
728:10.1145/151233.151237
664:Highly cited articles
240:in 1972 and moved to
793:10.1287/orsc.9.4.437
781:Organization Science
437:, Wisconsin Senator
282:and a fellow of the
261:Princeton University
166:Princeton University
1216:Diener, Ed (2006).
966:"About ACM Fellows"
443:Golden Fleece Award
198:social psychologist
112:Golden Fleece Award
1112:10.1111/jcc4.12162
895:Other publications
426:Robert E. Johnston
405:been working with
400:Managing Attention
303:Online Communities
242:Cornell University
176:Cornell University
941:"Curricula Vitae"
654:A major theme of
361:Jonathon Cummings
230:Lehigh University
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141:Social psychology
131:Scientific career
96:Lehigh University
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1424:Official website
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