1817:
2824:
2042:
465:
1123:
746:
disposed of in a summary and unceremonious way not all consistent with the weight to which he deemed them entitled. * * * * No one informed him of the cause, but he did not fail to discover it himself, or to take promptly the steps to remedy the evil. From originating propositions himself he became obviously desirous to follow the lead of others — instead of the usual confident and
663:, an abolitionist book published in 1839. He is given as an example of slavers who disregard marriages of enslaved African Americans. The book reprinted a signed advertisement Hayne placed in a newspaper that sought help capturing an escaped man. Hayne's advertisement suggested that the fugitive may be heading to a neighboring county where the enslaved man's wife and children live.
44:
857:, including the end of slavery in Spain's former colonies. (After achieving independence, Mexico abolished slavery in 1824.) Objecting to any federal effort to curtail slavery, Hayne said, "The moment the federal government shall make the unhallowed attempt to interfere with the domestic concerns of the states; those states will consider themselves driven from the Union."
614:. They had a daughter, Frances Henrietta Pinckney Sharpe (1818–1875). In 1820, after his first wife's death from childbirth complications, Hayne married Rebecca Brewton Allston. Her father, William Alston, gave her a lot on lower King Street, where Hayne built a house (today's 4 Ladson Street). Hayne would later give his daughter Frances a plantation in
730:, unsupportive of the city-appointed court handling the trial, asked Hayne for his legal opinion. Hayne advised Bennett that the "Magna Charta and Habeas Corpus and indeed all the provisions of our Constitution in favour of Liberty, are intended for freemen only" and that the Governor of South Carolina could not examine "judicial errors."
745:
He entered at once into the debates and without the slightest embarrassment spoke fluently, intelligibly, sometimes forcibly but often without the slightest effect. Whilst he was himself treated with proper respect, motions, arguments and opinions which he deemed very conclusive, were sometimes
888:
and available for sale, preventing states from conducting further land sales. Whether the federal government had the authority to take this action called into question the relationship between the powers of the federal government and the governments of the individual states.
844:
Hayne was an ardent free-trader and an uncompromising advocate of states' rights. He consistently argued that slavery was a domestic institution and should be dealt with only by the individual states. He opposed the federal government's plan to send delegates to the
3144:
741:, a contemporary of Hayne's in the Senate, commented on how Hayne's demeanor there evolved from one of self-confident outspokenness at first to one of outward modesty more in line with the senatorial culture of respect for seniority:
1023:
Denmark Vesey and His Co-Conspirators Author(s): Michael P. Johnson Source: The
William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 58, No. 4 (Oct., 2001), pp. 915-976 Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Stable URL:
868:
backed a bill to increase tariffs on imported goods, a measure that southern politicians opposed. Hayne spoke in opposition to the bill, Webster responded, and the ensuing series of back-and-forth Senate speeches became known as the
750:
way of advancing his opinions they were now expressed with diffidence in moderate terms with well conceived expressions of deference to those of the elder and more experienced members of the Senate. The change was observed and
3149:
1848:
763:
convention. Hamilton and Hayne argued that states could "nullify" federal laws with which they disagreed. Eighty percent of its 162 delegates voted to nullify federal tariffs of 1828 and 1832 and for the
806:, surviving the war. However, he and his family sold their plantations and invested the proceeds in Confederate bonds. After the war, the family's finances were dire, and Sharpe moved to Tennessee, then
2219:
3174:
907:
Webster argued for the supremacy of the federal government and the
Constitution and against nullification and secession. He concluded his Second Reply to Hayne with the memorable phrases, "Liberty
3199:
3184:
2617:
1841:
3154:
1326:
1177:
1834:
1857:
1235:
591:
Robert Y. Hayne was born on
November 10, 1791, to Elizabeth Peronneau and her husband William Hayne, who owned plantations farmed by enslaved labor in St. Paul Parish,
3204:
2627:
1163:
203:
599:. Robert Hayne had a younger brother, Paul Hamilton Hayne (1803-1830). Hayne received a private education suitable for his class, then studied law in the office of
3194:
3159:
679:
3164:
2610:
2205:
1138:
2228:
544:
56:
2314:
1143:
798:
His transcontinental railroad dreams never materialized. His son-in-law, Capt. Elam Sharpe Jr. fought for the
Confederacy against the United States in the
719:
245:
686:. The LCCR bought the SCCRC's stock in 1839. The two railroads merged in 1844 but never completed the track as expected, only finishing about 60 miles to
3129:
2081:
1248:
3169:
1319:
667:
737:. He was reelected in 1828 and served from March 4, 1823, to December 13, 1832. From 1825 to 1832, he chaired the Senate Committee on Naval Affairs.
2603:
1876:
711:
300:
3134:
2855:
2086:
1896:
1252:
1228:
183:
2823:
2703:
2384:
2294:
1891:
1471:
121:
3179:
2653:
2643:
2279:
1312:
3098:
2259:
2212:
2071:
1871:
1335:
780:
464:
1201:
820:, was a poet and South Carolina's poet laureate who moved to Georgia after the Civil War. In 1878, he published a biography of Hayne.
643:
2299:
901:
568:
2041:
707:
429:
3139:
2693:
2683:
2668:
860:
He opposed 1824, 1828, and 1832 protectionist federal tariff bills. In 1828, in response to the changing economic landscape in
654:
592:
2324:
1551:
1069:
657:, and 19 more in Charleston, South Carolina. In the 1830 census, he enslaved 17 people in Charleston. Hayne was mentioned in
2980:
884:. Foot's proposal called for a federal government study into restricting the sale of public lands to those lands already
813:
Hayne's descendants sold the Ladson Street house in 1863, but it still exists today, albeit moved and renovated in 1890.
610:
On
November 3, 1813, he married Frances Henrietta Pinckney (1790–1818), daughter of prominent lawyer and former governor
1531:
1013:. Boston Public Library. New York: : Published by the American Anti-Slavery Society, office, no. 143 Nassau Street.
2359:
1881:
1421:
1396:
1381:
611:
226:
2595:
1696:
1676:
1431:
1416:
1286:
893:
772:
765:
650:
604:
540:
357:
103:
60:
2840:
2499:
2309:
2284:
2249:
1746:
1721:
1631:
1616:
1561:
1446:
1411:
792:
659:
619:
418:
321:
572:
3189:
2374:
2354:
1926:
1651:
1646:
1596:
1526:
1511:
1466:
1451:
687:
615:
325:
266:
2584:
2474:
2444:
2434:
1781:
1731:
1576:
1441:
639:
500:
2793:
2663:
2569:
2564:
2549:
2484:
2459:
2091:
1936:
1701:
1671:
1661:
1606:
1506:
1476:
1256:
691:
93:
2788:
2559:
2539:
2464:
2449:
1931:
1761:
1686:
1656:
1626:
1611:
1591:
1586:
1571:
1541:
1361:
671:
3124:
3119:
3023:
2875:
2738:
2554:
2489:
2289:
2264:
2244:
1911:
1691:
1681:
1566:
1391:
1219:
870:
760:
734:
548:
536:
155:
3028:
3018:
2718:
2574:
2116:
1956:
1716:
1621:
1546:
1496:
1172:
958:"Hayne, Robert y. Charleston's Intendants and Mayors Halsey Map Preservation Society of Charleston"
817:
803:
1041:
850:
2870:
2808:
2783:
2758:
2678:
2673:
2369:
2344:
2339:
2096:
1976:
1921:
1581:
1556:
1481:
1456:
1279:
1115:
The Great Debate
Between Robert Y. Hayne, of South Carolina, and Daniel Webster, of Massachusetts
1025:
830:
799:
756:
727:
715:
675:
580:
556:
488:
337:
270:
136:
970:
1820 U.S. Federal Census for Black River, Georgetown, South
Carolina, p. 2 of 3 on ancestry.com.
768:. A temporary compromise was reached between the federal government and South Carolina in 1833.
2970:
2960:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2890:
2773:
2748:
2733:
2544:
2514:
2479:
2424:
2419:
2404:
2394:
2334:
2171:
2121:
2021:
2011:
2006:
1981:
1951:
1756:
1711:
1521:
560:
1826:
642:
in the Third South
Carolina Regiment. Hayne later served as the Quartermaster General of the
2965:
2930:
2900:
2885:
2865:
2813:
2778:
2768:
2763:
2753:
2579:
2529:
2519:
2399:
2166:
2156:
2141:
2126:
2111:
1966:
1771:
1726:
1706:
1636:
1601:
1516:
1461:
1386:
1371:
1366:
1211:
1057:
957:
945:
738:
695:
292:
238:
3043:
3033:
3013:
2975:
2925:
2920:
2910:
2905:
2850:
2803:
2713:
2698:
2504:
2494:
2469:
2454:
2409:
2379:
2319:
2274:
2254:
2136:
2131:
2101:
2066:
1996:
1991:
1946:
1941:
1916:
1906:
1741:
1641:
1536:
1491:
1401:
1376:
1351:
1296:
1264:
846:
776:
631:
552:
195:
148:
1008:
876:
The debate arose over the "Foot resolution," introduced on
December 29, 1829 by Senator
638:
against Great
Britain, he was a Lieutenant in the Charleston Cadet Infantry. He rose to
3053:
2990:
2895:
2880:
2845:
2708:
2658:
2509:
2439:
2429:
2239:
2197:
2176:
2161:
2146:
2031:
2026:
2016:
2001:
1986:
1971:
1961:
1806:
1751:
1736:
1666:
877:
865:
783:
to take the seat. From 1836 to 1837, he served as Mayor of Charleston, South Carolina.
600:
596:
576:
564:
401:
160:
1106:
Sheidley, Harlow W. "The Webster-Hayne Debate: Recasting New England's Sectionalism,"
795:, on September 24, 1839. He is buried at St. Michael's Church cemetery in Charleston.
535:(November 10, 1791 – September 24, 1839) was an American politician. He served in the
3113:
2985:
2798:
2743:
2728:
2534:
2524:
2329:
2151:
2106:
2076:
1886:
1786:
1776:
1501:
1436:
1356:
1346:
1244:
1134:
1129:
861:
807:
723:
683:
579:
is considered a defining episode in the constitutional crisis which precipitated the
349:
2915:
2723:
2648:
2389:
2304:
1796:
1766:
1426:
1406:
827:
824:
1158:
17:
3088:
3078:
3068:
3058:
3008:
2955:
2364:
2349:
2056:
1801:
979:
1820 U.S. Federal Census for St. Bartholomew's parish, Colleton, South Carolina.
881:
635:
520:
666:
Hayne actively promoted South Carolina's industrial development, including the
3093:
3083:
3073:
3063:
3038:
2688:
2269:
2181:
2061:
1791:
1304:
1007:
Weld, Theodore Dwight; Sweetser, Seth; American Anti-Slavery Society (1839).
622:, court clerk, Elam Sharpe, shortly before Hayne's unexpected death in 1839.
2186:
997:
1820 U.S. Federal Census for Ward 2, Charleston, South Carolina, p. 9 of 38.
885:
43:
3048:
1147:. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 114.
900:
between the national government and the states and that any state could
771:
Hayne resigned from the Senate to accept election by the legislature as
3145:
Democratic Party members of the South Carolina House of Representatives
1029:
864:(there was a shift from farming towards mass production in factories),
775:
in 1832, serving one term into 1834. He was succeeded in the senate by
726:
occurred in Charleston after a purported slave rebellion was thwarted.
453:
897:
653:(half of them engaged in agriculture), another 50 enslaved people in
646:. By 1836, he had risen in the state militia ranks to major general.
449:
988:
1820 U.S. Federal Census in Charleston, South Carolina, p. 45 of 86.
1010:
American slavery as it is: : testimony of a thousand witnesses
547:
1836–1837. As Senator and Governor, he was a leading figure in the
1128:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
854:
2599:
2201:
1830:
1308:
1101:
Eulogy upon the Life and Character of the Late Robert Y. Hayne
904:
any federal law which it considered to be in contradiction.
853:
to develop a united North and South American policy towards
3150:
Democratic Party United States senators from South Carolina
733:
In 1822, South Carolina's legislature elected Hayne to the
356:
Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from
759:
as governor, Hayne served as Chairman of South Carolina's
1058:
http://www.HalseyMap.com/Flash/mayors-detail.asp?polID=28
946:
http://www.HalseyMap.com/Flash/mayors-detail.asp?polID=28
678:, and the Mississippi River. Hayne was president of the
682:
until his death and was succeeded as its president by
3175:
Nullifier Party state governors of the United States
1178:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1117:(Boston, 1898), in the "Riverside Literature Series"
634:
in 1812 and practiced law in Charleston. During the
2999:
2831:
2634:
2049:
1864:
516:
508:
496:
484:
476:
471:
459:
445:
435:
425:
408:
383:
378:
355:
343:
331:
317:
298:
286:
276:
262:
244:
232:
220:
201:
189:
177:
154:
142:
130:
120:
101:
87:
77:
54:
34:
3185:Democratic-Republican Party United States senators
1110:1994 67(1): 5–29. ISSN 0028-4866 Fulltext in Jstor
802:as a member of the First South Carolina Cavalry,
649:In the 1820 census, Hayne enslaved 118 people in
3200:Burials at St. Michael's Churchyard (Charleston)
2628:United States Senate Committee on Armed Services
1087:Lives of Robert Y. Hayne and Hugh Swinton Legaré
674:under Hayne's plan to link Charleston's port to
743:
680:Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston Railroad
2611:
2213:
1842:
1320:
670:, which in 1835 expanded westward toward the
8:
3155:Democratic Party governors of South Carolina
626:Lawyer, officer, planter, railroad president
935:Encyclopedia of American Biography, p. 465.
810:, where he became a Presbyterian minister.
714:and served from 1814 to 1818, including as
2618:
2604:
2596:
2220:
2206:
2198:
1858:United States senators from South Carolina
1849:
1835:
1827:
1327:
1313:
1305:
1236:U.S. senator (Class 2) from South Carolina
1185:
722:from 1818 to 1822. During his tenure, the
42:
31:
668:South Carolina Canal and Railroad Company
559:, a vocal proponent of the doctrines of
3205:United States senators who owned slaves
928:
712:South Carolina House of Representatives
301:South Carolina House of Representatives
1159:SCIway Biography of Robert Young Hayne
246:5th Attorney General of South Carolina
3195:South Carolina Democratic-Republicans
3160:University of South Carolina trustees
1044:The Autobiography of Martin Van Buren
370:November 28, 1814 – December 18, 1818
358:St. Philip's and St. Michael's Parish
313:November 23, 1818 – December 18, 1818
116:December 13, 1832 – December 11, 1834
73:September 5, 1836 – September 4, 1837
7:
3165:Mayors of Charleston, South Carolina
2229:Mayors of Charleston, South Carolina
258:December 18, 1818 – December 7, 1822
1164:NGA Biography of Robert Young Hayne
781:Vice President of the United States
1202:Attorney General of South Carolina
720:Attorney General of South Carolina
25:
3130:19th-century American politicians
204:Senate Committee on Naval Affairs
173:March 4, 1823 – December 13, 1832
3170:South Carolina attorneys general
2822:
2040:
1815:
1121:
690:, in addition to connections to
463:
1173:"Robert Y. Hayne (id: H000398)"
655:Colleton County, South Carolina
27:American politician (1791–1839)
1070:New International Encyclopedia
1032:Accessed: 15-04-2020 00:45 UTC
1:
3135:19th-century American lawyers
1094:Robert V. Hayne and his Times
618:, when she married the local
3180:Nullifier Party politicians
2635:Military Affairs Committee
1336:Governors of South Carolina
779:, who resigned his post as
710:, Hayne was elected to the
512:3rd South Carolina Regiment
126:Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
3221:
1287:Governor of South Carolina
894:United States Constitution
773:Governor of South Carolina
766:Ordinance of Nullification
651:Georgetown, South Carolina
630:Hayne was admitted to the
541:Governor of South Carolina
439:Frances Henrietta Pinckney
282:John Smythe Richardson Sr.
104:Governor of South Carolina
61:Charleston, South Carolina
3000:Armed Services Committee
2820:
2235:
2038:
1813:
1342:
1293:
1284:
1276:
1271:
1261:
1233:
1225:
1218:
1208:
1199:
1193:
1188:
1113:Swift, Lindsay. (editor)
892:Hayne contended that the
849:, which was organized by
793:Asheville, North Carolina
660:American Slavery As It Is
620:Pendleton, South Carolina
573:1830 debate in the Senate
526:
419:Asheville, North Carolina
374:
363:
306:
251:
209:
166:
109:
66:
50:
41:
2832:Naval Affairs Committee
1171:United States Congress.
836:was named in his honor.
688:Columbia, South Carolina
616:Tamassee, South Carolina
480:United States of America
1144:Encyclopædia Britannica
728:Governor Thomas Bennett
3140:South Carolina lawyers
1257:Stephen Decatur Miller
1196:John Smythe Richardson
1108:New England Quarterly,
1056:"Robert Young Hayne."
944:"Robert Young Hayne."
753:
724:trial of Denmark Vesey
692:Camden, South Carolina
539:from 1823 to 1832, as
492:South Carolina militia
94:Henry Laurens Pinckney
672:Appalachian Mountains
587:Early and family life
504:Quartermaster General
156:United States Senator
1092:Jervey, Theodore D.
871:Webster-Hayne debate
735:United States Senate
716:Speaker of the House
549:Nullification Crisis
537:United States Senate
299:16th Speaker of the
1139:Hayne, Robert Young
1042:Van Buren, Martin,
818:Paul Hamilton Hayne
718:in 1818. Hayne was
545:Mayor of Charleston
441:Rebecca Mott Alston
1280:James Hamilton Jr.
1272:Political offices
1242:Served alongside:
1103:(Charleston, 1840)
1089:(Charleston, 1878)
800:American Civil War
757:James Hamilton Jr.
676:Memphis, Tennessee
581:American Civil War
557:James Hamilton Jr.
543:1832–1834, and as
533:Robert Young Hayne
489:United States Army
412:September 24, 1839
400:St. Pauls Parish,
388:Robert Young Hayne
338:Thomas Bennett Jr.
271:Thomas Bennett Jr.
137:James Hamilton Jr.
18:Robert Young Hayne
3107:
3106:
2593:
2592:
2195:
2194:
1824:
1823:
1303:
1302:
1294:Succeeded by
1262:Succeeded by
1240:1823–1832
1209:Succeeded by
1096:(New York, 1909).
593:Colleton District
530:
529:
398:November 10, 1791
16:(Redirected from
3212:
2826:
2626:Chairmen of the
2620:
2613:
2606:
2597:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2199:
2044:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1828:
1819:
1818:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1306:
1277:Preceded by
1226:Preceded by
1212:James L. Petigru
1194:Preceded by
1186:
1182:
1148:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1073:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1048:
1039:
1033:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1004:
998:
995:
989:
986:
980:
977:
971:
968:
962:
961:
954:
948:
942:
936:
933:
816:Hayne's nephew,
804:Hampton's Legion
787:Death and legacy
739:Martin Van Buren
702:Political career
696:Atlanta, Georgia
612:Charles Pinckney
551:and, along with
472:Military service
467:
415:
397:
395:
379:Personal details
368:
346:
334:
311:
293:James L. Petigru
289:
279:
256:
239:George M. Dallas
235:
223:
214:
202:Chairman of the
192:
180:
171:
145:
133:
114:
90:
80:
71:
46:
32:
21:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3190:Pinckney family
3110:
3109:
3108:
3103:
3001:
2995:
2833:
2827:
2818:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2594:
2589:
2231:
2226:
2196:
2191:
2045:
2036:
1860:
1855:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1811:
1338:
1333:
1299:
1297:George McDuffie
1290:
1282:
1267:
1265:John C. Calhoun
1241:
1239:
1231:
1214:
1205:
1197:
1170:
1155:
1137:, ed. (1911). "
1133:
1122:
1120:
1085:Hayne, Paul H.
1082:
1080:Further reading
1077:
1076:
1067:
1063:
1055:
1051:
1040:
1036:
1022:
1018:
1006:
1005:
1001:
996:
992:
987:
983:
978:
974:
969:
965:
956:
955:
951:
943:
939:
934:
930:
925:
847:Panama Congress
842:
840:Political views
833:Robert Y. Hayne
789:
777:John C. Calhoun
755:In 1832, under
704:
628:
589:
553:John C. Calhoun
503:
491:
440:
426:Political party
417:
413:
399:
393:
391:
390:
389:
369:
364:
344:
332:
324:
312:
307:
287:
277:
269:
257:
252:
233:
221:
215:
210:
196:John C. Calhoun
190:
178:
172:
167:
158:
149:George McDuffie
143:
131:
115:
110:
96:
88:
83:Edward W. North
78:
72:
67:
37:
36:Robert Y. Hayne
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3218:
3216:
3208:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3112:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3005:
3003:
3002:(1947–present)
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2837:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2640:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2615:
2608:
2600:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2202:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1839:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1632:Richardson III
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1309:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1292:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1260:
1249:William Harper
1232:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1207:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1189:Legal offices
1184:
1183:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1154:
1153:External links
1151:
1150:
1149:
1135:Chisholm, Hugh
1118:
1111:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1061:
1049:
1034:
1016:
999:
990:
981:
972:
963:
949:
937:
927:
926:
924:
921:
919:inseparable."
878:Samuel A. Foot
866:Daniel Webster
841:
838:
791:Hayne died in
788:
785:
703:
700:
694:, in 1848 and
627:
624:
601:Langdon Cheves
597:South Carolina
588:
585:
577:Daniel Webster
565:compact theory
561:states' rights
528:
527:
524:
523:
518:
514:
513:
510:
506:
505:
498:
494:
493:
486:
485:Branch/service
482:
481:
478:
474:
473:
469:
468:
461:
457:
456:
447:
443:
442:
437:
433:
432:
427:
423:
422:
416:(aged 47)
410:
406:
405:
402:South Carolina
387:
385:
381:
380:
376:
375:
372:
371:
361:
360:
353:
352:
347:
341:
340:
335:
329:
328:
322:Andrew Pickens
319:
315:
314:
304:
303:
296:
295:
290:
284:
283:
280:
274:
273:
264:
260:
259:
249:
248:
242:
241:
236:
230:
229:
224:
218:
217:
207:
206:
199:
198:
193:
187:
186:
181:
175:
174:
164:
163:
161:South Carolina
152:
151:
146:
140:
139:
134:
128:
127:
124:
118:
117:
107:
106:
99:
98:
91:
85:
84:
81:
75:
74:
64:
63:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3217:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3004:
2998:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2830:
2825:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2633:
2629:
2621:
2616:
2614:
2609:
2607:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2218:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2043:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1852:
1847:
1845:
1840:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1512:Richardson II
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1412:J. Richardson
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1298:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1275:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1253:William Smith
1250:
1246:
1245:John Gaillard
1238:
1237:
1230:
1229:William Smith
1224:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1204:
1203:
1192:
1187:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1130:public domain
1119:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1072:
1071:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1003:
1000:
994:
991:
985:
982:
976:
973:
967:
964:
959:
953:
950:
947:
941:
938:
932:
929:
922:
920:
918:
915:forever, one
914:
910:
905:
903:
899:
895:
890:
887:
883:
879:
874:
872:
867:
863:
862:Massachusetts
858:
856:
852:
851:SimĂłn BolĂvar
848:
839:
837:
835:
834:
829:
826:
821:
819:
814:
811:
809:
808:Dallas, Texas
805:
801:
796:
794:
786:
784:
782:
778:
774:
769:
767:
762:
761:nullification
758:
752:
749:
742:
740:
736:
731:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
701:
699:
697:
693:
689:
685:
684:James Gadsden
681:
677:
673:
669:
664:
662:
661:
656:
652:
647:
645:
644:state militia
641:
637:
633:
625:
623:
621:
617:
613:
608:
606:
602:
598:
594:
586:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
569:nullification
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
525:
522:
519:
515:
511:
507:
502:
499:
495:
490:
487:
483:
479:
475:
470:
466:
462:
458:
455:
451:
448:
444:
438:
434:
431:
428:
424:
420:
411:
407:
403:
386:
382:
377:
373:
367:
362:
359:
354:
351:
350:Patrick Noble
348:
342:
339:
336:
330:
327:
323:
320:
316:
310:
305:
302:
297:
294:
291:
285:
281:
275:
272:
268:
265:
261:
255:
250:
247:
243:
240:
237:
231:
228:
225:
219:
213:
208:
205:
200:
197:
194:
188:
185:
184:William Smith
182:
176:
170:
165:
162:
157:
153:
150:
147:
141:
138:
135:
129:
125:
123:
119:
113:
108:
105:
100:
95:
92:
86:
82:
76:
70:
65:
62:
58:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
2860:
2585:Cogswell Jr.
2570:Schirmer Jr.
2565:Gaillard Jr.
2414:
2370:Hamilton Jr.
1901:
1486:
1285:
1243:
1234:
1200:
1176:
1142:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1086:
1068:
1064:
1052:
1043:
1037:
1019:
1009:
1002:
993:
984:
975:
966:
952:
940:
931:
916:
912:
908:
906:
891:
875:
859:
843:
832:
828:Liberty ship
825:World War II
822:
815:
812:
797:
790:
770:
754:
751:appreciated.
747:
744:
732:
705:
665:
658:
648:
629:
609:
590:
532:
531:
517:Battles/wars
414:(1839-09-24)
365:
345:Succeeded by
308:
288:Succeeded by
253:
234:Succeeded by
211:
191:Succeeded by
168:
144:Succeeded by
111:
89:Succeeded by
68:
29:
3125:1839 deaths
3120:1791 births
3024:Saltonstall
2881:R. Williams
2834:(1816–1947)
2789:Chamberlain
2654:J. Williams
2644:J. Williams
2637:(1816–1947)
2580:Tecklenburg
2340:Bennett Jr.
2285:de Saussure
2265:Vanderhorst
2245:Vanderhorst
1937:De Saussure
1732:R. Williams
1677:Manning III
1597:Chamberlain
1482:J. Hamilton
1442:D. Williams
1422:C. Pinckney
1417:P. Hamilton
1402:E. Rutledge
1397:C. Pinckney
1392:Vanderhorst
1382:C. Pinckney
1377:T. Pinckney
1357:J. Rutledge
1347:J. Rutledge
1220:U.S. Senate
911:union, now
896:was only a
882:Connecticut
748:ex-cathedra
698:, in 1853.
636:War of 1812
521:War of 1812
333:Preceded by
326:John Geddes
278:Preceded by
267:John Geddes
227:James Lloyd
222:Preceded by
179:Preceded by
132:Preceded by
79:Preceded by
3114:Categories
2679:Crittenden
2555:Wehman Jr.
2490:Cunningham
2445:Hutchinson
2435:Hutchinson
2320:Dawson Jr.
2310:Winstanley
1562:F. Pickens
1542:J. Manning
1447:A. Pickens
1291:1832–1834
1206:1818–1822
1099:McDuffie,
923:References
605:Charleston
477:Allegiance
446:Profession
430:Democratic
394:1791-11-10
122:Lieutenant
3044:Goldwater
2946:McPherson
2936:McPherson
2896:Fairfield
2851:Pleasants
2794:Wadsworth
2575:Riley Jr.
2500:Courtenay
2480:Pillsbury
2440:Schnierle
2430:Schnierle
2122:Patterson
2107:A. Butler
2072:P. Butler
1962:M. Butler
1957:Robertson
1872:P. Butler
1747:Timmerman
1722:Jefferies
1702:Blackwood
1652:McSweeney
1467:Manning I
1432:Middleton
460:Signature
436:Spouse(s)
366:In office
309:In office
254:In office
216:1825–1832
212:In office
169:In office
112:In office
102:54th
69:In office
57:Intendant
3054:Thurmond
2986:Trammell
2871:Southard
2809:Reynolds
2804:Sheppard
2784:Johnston
2759:Walthall
2739:Randolph
2664:Harrison
2560:Morrison
2550:Lockwood
2470:Cogswell
2460:Gaillard
2425:Mintzing
2420:Pinckney
2405:Pinckney
2395:Pinckney
2380:Prioleau
2177:Hollings
2167:Johnston
2157:E. Smith
2142:McLaurin
2102:McDuffie
2087:W. Smith
2077:Gaillard
2027:Thurmond
2017:Thurmond
1947:A. Hayne
1927:Barnwell
1902:R. Hayne
1897:W. Smith
1882:Pinckney
1807:McMaster
1782:Campbell
1752:Hollings
1737:Thurmond
1727:Johnston
1707:Johnston
1697:Richards
1627:Sheppard
1622:Thompson
1532:Seabrook
1492:McDuffie
1387:Moultrie
1372:Moultrie
1046:, p.217.
886:surveyed
831:SS
708:Democrat
450:Attorney
318:Governor
263:Governor
97:as Mayor
3034:Stennis
3029:Russell
3019:Russell
3014:Tydings
2981:F. Hale
2971:Swanson
2966:Tillman
2961:Perkins
2956:E. Hale
2951:Cameron
2941:Cameron
2931:Sargent
2916:J. Hale
2911:Mallory
2846:Sanford
2779:du Pont
2769:Proctor
2734:Spencer
2719:Johnson
2704:Shields
2674:Preston
2659:Jackson
2545:Maybank
2485:Wagener
2455:Macbeth
2400:Pringle
2390:Gadsden
2385:Johnson
2360:Stevens
2335:McCalla
2315:Cochran
2305:Drayton
2280:Edwards
2255:Lowndes
2172:Russell
2147:Latimer
2127:Hampton
2112:Hammond
2097:Preston
2067:Colhoun
2050:Class 3
2022:Wofford
2007:Maybank
1997:Lumpkin
1977:Pollock
1967:Tillman
1952:Chesnut
1917:Calhoun
1907:Calhoun
1865:Class 2
1797:Sanford
1787:Beasley
1772:Edwards
1757:Russell
1712:Maybank
1657:Heyward
1647:Ellerbe
1637:Tillman
1607:Simpson
1602:Hampton
1572:Magrath
1552:Allston
1527:Johnson
1517:Hammond
1507:Henagan
1457:Bennett
1427:Drayton
1407:Drayton
1367:Guerard
1362:Mathews
1352:Lowndes
1132::
1030:2674506
902:nullify
898:compact
640:Captain
501:Captain
454:Soldier
3094:Inhofe
3089:McCain
3079:Warner
3069:Warner
3059:Warner
3009:Gurney
2926:Cragin
2921:Grimes
2891:Bayard
2886:Mangum
2866:Dallas
2814:Thomas
2774:Warren
2764:Hawley
2754:Hawley
2749:Sewell
2724:Wilson
2709:Weller
2694:Benton
2684:Benton
2669:Benton
2540:Stoney
2510:Ficken
2375:Geddes
2355:Geddes
2275:Holmes
2250:Grimké
2240:Hutson
2182:DeMint
2117:Sawyer
2092:Miller
2082:Harper
2032:Graham
2012:Daniel
1992:Byrnes
1987:Blease
1922:Elmore
1892:Taylor
1887:Sumter
1877:Hunter
1792:Hodges
1762:McNair
1742:Byrnes
1717:Harley
1692:McLeod
1687:Harvey
1682:Cooper
1667:Blease
1617:Hagood
1567:Bonham
1497:Butler
1477:Miller
1472:Taylor
1462:Wilson
1452:Geddes
1437:Alston
1126:
1028:
571:; his
567:, and
3084:Levin
3074:Levin
3064:Levin
3039:Tower
2991:Walsh
2901:Yulee
2876:Rives
2861:Hayne
2856:Lloyd
2744:Logan
2729:Logan
2714:Davis
2699:Davis
2649:Troup
2535:Grace
2525:Grace
2520:Rhett
2515:Smyth
2505:Bryan
2475:Clark
2465:Burns
2450:Miles
2415:Hayne
2410:North
2365:Horry
2350:Horry
2345:Smith
2330:Rouse
2290:Roper
2270:Huger
2260:Jones
2187:Scott
2137:Earle
2057:Izard
2002:Peace
1972:Benet
1942:Evans
1932:Rhett
1912:Huger
1802:Haley
1777:Riley
1672:Smith
1662:Ansel
1642:Evans
1612:Jeter
1592:Moses
1587:Scott
1577:Perry
1547:Adams
1537:Means
1522:Aiken
1502:Noble
1487:Hayne
1026:JSTOR
855:Spain
575:with
159:from
55:32nd
3099:Reed
3049:Nunn
2976:Page
2906:Gwin
2841:Tait
2799:Reed
2689:Cass
2530:Hyde
2495:Sale
2325:Boyd
2300:Deas
2295:Ward
2162:Hall
2152:Gary
2132:Irby
2062:Read
1982:Dial
1767:West
1557:Gist
823:The
555:and
509:Unit
497:Rank
421:, US
409:Died
404:, US
384:Born
1582:Orr
1141:".
917:and
913:and
909:and
880:of
873:.
632:bar
603:in
59:of
3116::
1255:,
1251:,
1247:,
1175:.
706:A
607:.
595:,
583:.
563:,
452:,
2619:e
2612:t
2605:v
2221:e
2214:t
2207:v
1850:e
1843:t
1836:v
1328:e
1321:t
1314:v
1181:.
960:.
396:)
392:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
