817:
502:
Desmond MacCarthy, the secretary of the exhibition stated that "by introducing the works of Cézanne, Matisse, Seurat, Van Gogh, Gauguin and
Picasso to the British public, he smashed for a long time his reputation as an art critic. Kind people called him mad and reminded others that his wife was in an asylum. The majority declared him to be a subverter of morals and art, and a blatant self-advertiser." Yet the foreignness of "post-impressionism" would inevitably disappear and eventually, the exhibition would be regarded as a critical moment for art and culture. Virginia Woolf later said, "On or about December 1910 human character changed", referring to the effect this exhibit had on the world. Fry followed it up with the Second Post-Impressionist Exhibition in 1912. It was patronised by Lady
467:, one of a selection of Fry's writings on art extending over a period of twenty years published in 1920. In "An essay in Aesthetics", Fry argues that the response felt from examining art comes from the form of an artwork; meaning that it is the use of line, mass, colour and overall design that invokes an emotional response. His greatest gift was the ability to perceive the elements that give an artist his significance. Fry was also a born letter writer, able to communicate his observations on art or human beings to his friends and family.
751:
551:. It was an experimental design collective in which all the work was anonymous with everything that was produced in the workshops, bold decorative homeware ranging from rugs to ceramics and furniture to clothing, bearing only the Greek letter Ω (Omega). As Fry told a journalist in 1913: 'It is time that the spirit of fun was introduced into furniture and into fabrics. We have suffered too long from the dull and the stupidly serious.' As well as high society figures such as
397:, although he did not pretend to be a professional portrait painter. In his art he explored his own sensations and gradually his own personal visions and attitudes asserted themselves. His work was considered to give pleasure, 'communicating the delight of unexpected beauty and which tempers the spectator's sense to a keener consciousness of its presence'. Fry did not consider himself a great artist, "only a serious artist with some sensibility and taste". He considered
783:
800:
766:
832:
297:
447:
40:
510:
378:
2971:
669:. Between 1929 and 1934, the BBC released a series of twelve broadcasts wherein Fry conveys his belief that art appreciation should begin with a sensibility to form as opposed to an inclination to praise art of high culture. Fry also argues that an African sculpture or a Chinese vase is just as deserving of study as a Greek sculpture.
501:
in
England and brought their art to the public. Though the exhibition would eventually be widely celebrated, the sentiments at the time were much less favourable. This was due to the exhibition's selection of art that the public was unaccustomed to at the time. Fry was not immune to the backlash.
615:
houses one of the most important collections of designs and decorative objects made by artists of the Omega
Workshops and, in 2017, held an exhibition 'Bloomsbury Art and Design' that presented a wide-ranging selection of objects from its holdings, many of which were bequeathed to
434:
since its beginnings and when he left the editorship, following a dispute with Cust and Adey regarding the editorial policy on modern art, he was able to use his influence on the committee to choose the successor he considered appropriate, Robert
Rattray Tatlock. Fry wrote for
330:
In 1911, Fry began an affair with
Vanessa Bell, who was recovering from a miscarriage. Fry offered her the tenderness and care she felt was lacking from her husband. They remained lifelong close friends, even though Fry's heart was broken in 1913 when Vanessa fell in love with
319:. Durbins was in a stripped-back classical style with large windows suggesting Dutch precedent and Fry regarded it as a 'genuine and honest piece of domestic architecture'. The most unusual feature is a double-height living hall (or ‘house-place’ as Fry called it). It is now a
620:
by Roger Fry. An earlier exhibition in 2009, 'Beyond
Bloomsbury: Designs of the Omega Workshops 1913-19', contained the largest collection of surviving working drawings of the Omega Workshops, bequeathed to The Courtauld Gallery by Fry's daughter Pamela Diamand in 1958.
2770:
1065:
276:
in the hope the quieter environment would help her, but in 1910 she was committed to a mental institution, where she remained for the rest of her life. Fry took over the care of their children with the help of his sister,
999:
3329:
1741:
327:(in 1912) as his young servants until 1916 when he decided to rent the house and establish a trust for it. Lottie and Nellie went to work for Leonard and Virginia Woolf on his recommendation.
2820:
3339:
369:
was entrusted with writing his biography, a task she found difficult because his family asked her to omit certain key facts, his love affair with
Vanessa Bell among them.
3344:
632:
at the instigation of Roger Fry who was a friend of both men and advised them on their art collections. Fry's association with Samuel
Courtauld was celebrated by him in
3289:
712:
and others in 1994. The
Collection of Roger Fry of paintings and decorative art objects bequeathed to the Courtauld also contains photographs which are held in the
728:. The lithographs were drawn in France (except for one from Trinity College, Cambridge) and many were published in the portfolio, Ten Architectural Lithographs.
1535:
1434:
1976:
426:, the first scholarly periodical dedicated to art history in Britain. Fry was its co-editor between 1909 and 1919 (first with Lionel Cust, then with Cust and
2750:
3334:
3354:
3349:
3008:
439:
from 1903 until his death: he published over two hundred pieces on eclectic subjects – from children's drawings to bushman art. From the pages of
350:. She became his emotional anchor for the rest of his life, although they never married (she too had had an unhappy first marriage, to the mosaicist
725:
701:
689:
750:
583:, with whom Fry shared a love of contemporary art, on one of her visits to London in the 1910s. The workshops also brought together the artists
3314:
3304:
1947:
481:
In
November 1910, Fry organised the exhibition 'Manet and the Post-Impressionists' (post-impressionism being a term which Fry coined) at the
478:, the year the artist died, beginning the shift in his scholarly interests away from the Italian Old Masters and towards modern French art.
3359:
2032:
193:
world, and his success lay largely in alerting an educated public to a compelling version of recent artistic developments of the Parisian
716:
who are in the process of digitising their collection of primarily architectural images as part of the wider Courtauld Connects project.
189: ... In so far as taste can be changed by one man, it was changed by Roger Fry". The taste Fry influenced was primarily that of the
1044:
735:
exhibition 'Roger Fry Paintings and Drawings' at their St James Square gallery in 1952, consolidated Fry's reputation as an artist. A
178:
properties of paintings over the "associated ideas" conjured in the viewer by their representational content. He was described by the
1994:, Roger Fry's lecture on the closing of the "Manet and the Post-Impressionists" exhibition at the Grafton Galleries, as published in
1933:
1910:
1889:
1872:
1299:
1184:
1028:
685:
3258:
1921:
1120:
1086:
625:
3253:
2651:
2344:
1981:
979:
393:
As a painter Fry was experimental (his work included a few abstracts), but his best pictures were straightforward naturalistic
316:
3309:
3001:
1902:
1352:
1332:
617:
1691:
268:
and they subsequently had two children, Pamela and Julian. Helen soon became seriously mentally ill and the couple moved to
782:
361:, who loved him for his generosity and warmth. Vanessa Bell decorated his coffin. Fry's ashes were placed in the vault of
2329:
2254:
1510:
799:
765:
3299:
2953:
2880:
238:
117:
1635:
756:
641:
250:
2479:
2309:
1783:
1055:"Clifton College Register" Muirhead, J.A.O. p. 95: Bristol; J. W. Arrowsmith for Old Cliftonian Society; April 1948
831:
697:
471:
230:
20:
293:
later wrote in her biography of Fry that "He had more knowledge and experience than the rest of us put together".
3294:
2994:
2186:
414:
320:
2464:
3319:
2840:
2624:
2025:
525:
410:
2379:
1485:
2900:
2850:
2404:
2274:
1959:
633:
422:
2830:
2780:
2537:
2239:
2105:
1995:
1863:
1162:
693:
640:
which Fry welcomed as an 'unexpected realisation of a long-cherished hope'. In 1933, he was appointed the
347:
190:
2000:
3152:
2958:
2532:
2485:
2394:
2219:
2192:
2166:
2100:
596:
552:
343:
2507:
315:
built to his own individual design in Chantry View Road, then on the edge of the town, overlooking the
289:, and it was through them that he was introduced to the Bloomsbury Group. Vanessa's sister, the author
3284:
3279:
3232:
2920:
2800:
2790:
2698:
2671:
2574:
2354:
2095:
666:
362:
1716:
1560:
1393:
3324:
3167:
3111:
3056:
2963:
2930:
2905:
2740:
2693:
2688:
2502:
2459:
2449:
2419:
2399:
2284:
2136:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2018:
1610:
629:
564:
245:, alongside freethinking men who would shape the foundation of his interest in the arts, including
91:
2374:
2004:
599:
who would later, following a quarrel between Fry and Wyndham Lewis with the latter setting up The
265:
3092:
2925:
2915:
2885:
2860:
2646:
2584:
2444:
2244:
2151:
2070:
2055:
1915:
1758:
588:
460:
246:
242:
167:
72:
1039:
Reed, Christopher, Introduction,' A Roger Fry Reader' University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1996
401:
his best painting: "the best thing, in a way that I have done, the most complete at any rate".
3222:
3157:
3061:
2975:
2935:
2810:
2703:
2677:
2319:
2279:
2234:
2214:
2171:
2146:
2065:
2060:
1943:
1929:
1906:
1885:
1868:
1829:
1348:
1328:
1295:
1180:
1040:
1024:
705:
681:
637:
612:
517:
482:
430:) but his influence on it continued until his death: Fry was on the consultative committee of
1991:
1365:
3206:
3188:
3142:
3017:
2439:
2389:
2334:
2249:
2181:
1894:
1837:
1196:
1125:
915:
677:
600:
592:
548:
513:
503:
498:
451:
358:
155:
139:
1460:
3201:
3162:
3137:
3066:
2324:
2264:
2141:
532:
234:
175:
163:
107:
3237:
490:
475:
357:
Fry died after a fall at his home in London and his death caused great sorrow among the
296:
39:
3116:
3101:
3076:
2910:
2890:
2760:
2517:
2469:
2429:
2364:
2314:
2294:
2229:
1858:
1157:
789:
713:
652:
580:
560:
536:
446:
366:
290:
1971:
3273:
3227:
3196:
3172:
3147:
3106:
3071:
3041:
2940:
2730:
2589:
2512:
2454:
2369:
2349:
2209:
2161:
1274:
895:
806:
772:
584:
576:
494:
324:
278:
258:
218:
182:
179:
45:
1813:
1417:
MacCarthy, Desmond, "Desmond MacCarthy: The Post-Impressionist Exhibition of 1910",
509:
3132:
3051:
3036:
2544:
2409:
2289:
2269:
2121:
1877:
923:
732:
721:
673:
544:
540:
486:
339:
332:
282:
1144:
2771:
A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful
1986:
1023:
Chilvers. Ian, "Fry, Roger." Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. Oxford, 1990,
661:. Fry also spent ten years translating, "for his own pleasure", the poems of the
3096:
2713:
2666:
2522:
2474:
2434:
2384:
2176:
736:
717:
608:
572:
568:
556:
351:
226:
194:
186:
159:
1918:. "A Crisis of Brilliance: Five Young British Artists and the Great War" (2009)
1129:
3031:
2683:
2661:
2554:
2339:
2299:
2259:
2126:
2041:
1114:
886:
443:, it is also possible to follow Fry's growing interest in Post-Impressionism.
382:
286:
257:, he went to Paris and then Italy to study art. Eventually, he specialised in
206:
171:
151:
128:
1833:
2594:
2564:
2359:
2224:
2156:
1841:
1000:"Search Results for England & Wales Births 1837-2006 - findmypast.co.uk"
662:
645:
604:
521:
427:
394:
308:
269:
222:
95:
2001:"Roger Fry, Walter Sickert and Post-Impressionism at the Grafton Galleries"
463:
painters, and his most important theoretical statement is considered to be
2895:
2629:
2579:
2559:
2424:
1166:, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company; London: The Hogarth Press, 1940.
964:
709:
657:
214:
1585:
1112:
Matthew, H. C. G.; Harrison, B.; Goldman, L., eds. (23 September 2004).
708:
who purchased the 1928 self-portrait (above) with the assistance of the
474:
in New York. This was also the year in which he "discovered" the art of
2708:
2656:
2614:
2599:
2569:
2131:
1940:
Aestheticism: Deep Formalism and the Emergence of Modernist Aesthetics.
1825:
377:
150:(14 December 1866 – 9 September 1934) was an English painter and
2641:
2619:
2549:
2527:
1963:
273:
254:
210:
1234:– Retrospective Exhibition, Cooling Galleries, London, February 1931
2986:
2414:
459:
Fry's later reputation as a critic rested upon essays he wrote on
445:
376:
295:
2635:
2609:
1759:"Courtauld Institute Galleries | museum, London, United Kingdom"
2990:
2014:
1818:
Tuhinga: Records of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
485:, London. This exhibition was the first to prominently feature
2604:
2010:
1987:
Roger Fry - Vision and design ,Chatto and Windus, London 1920
1419:
The Bloomsbury Group: A Collection of Memoirs and Commentary,
1977:
Roger Fry at Oxford Encyclopedia of Aesthetics (2nd edition)
1536:"Beyond Bloomsbury: Designs of the Omega Workshops 1913-19"
1435:"Beyond Bloomsbury: Designs of the Omega Workshops 1913-19"
1221:
by Virginia Woolf, Harcourt, Brace and Co, New York, 1940
185:
as "incomparably the greatest influence on taste since
170:. He was the first figure to raise public awareness of
162:, he became an advocate of more recent developments in
1942:
Peter Lang AG International Academic Publishers, 2015
1087:"Durbins, including the summerhouse, Non Civil Parish"
624:
The London Artists' Association was set up in 1925 by
470:
In 1906 Fry was appointed Curator of Paintings at the
409:
In the 1900s, Fry started to teach art history at the
3330:
People associated with the Metropolitan Museum of Art
2821:
The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction
636:
after Courtauld endowed a chair in History of Art at
603:
in 1914 as a rival business, branch away to form the
1124:(online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
816:
506:, with whom Fry had a fleeting romantic attachment.
3246:
3215:
3181:
3125:
3085:
3024:
2873:
2722:
2495:
2202:
2114:
2048:
1611:"Collecting for Cambridge | The Fitzwilliam Museum"
134:
123:
113:
103:
80:
54:
30:
1561:"London Artists' Association | Artist Biographies"
1113:
651:In September 1926 Fry wrote a definitive essay on
158:. Establishing his reputation as a scholar of the
1982:Roger Fry' s biography in the Burlington Magazine
1421:University of Toronto Press, 1995; Print. Rev ed.
1814:"Roger Fry, Bloomsbury and transfer lithography"
739:was unveiled in Fitzroy Square on 20 May 2010.
720:produced by Fry from 1927 to 1930 are held at
420:In 1903 Fry was involved in the foundation of
253:. After taking a first in the Natural Science
3002:
2026:
516:blue plaque for Fry and his Omega Studios at
205:Born in London in 1866, the son of the judge
8:
2751:The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons
1252:Letter to R. C. Trevelyan, 20 November 1903
1081:
1079:
607:movement. The workshops stayed open during
3009:
2995:
2987:
2033:
2019:
2011:
335:and decided to live permanently with him.
38:
27:
3340:Academics of the Slade School of Fine Art
3345:Academics of the University of Cambridge
648:, a position that Fry had much desired.
508:
1668:Letter to Marie Mauron 12 November 1920
1281:, Phaidon Press, London, September 1965
1121:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
991:
746:
726:Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
702:Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
690:Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art
1636:"The Warburg and Courtauld Institutes"
535:, a design workshop based in London's
281:. That same year, Fry met the artists
19:For other people named Roger Fry, see
16:English painter and critic (1866–1934)
1807:
1805:
1429:
1427:
1388:
1386:
1294:by Roger Fry, Dover Paperbacks, 1998
1217:Technical Appreciation by an artist,
7:
3290:Alumni of King's College, Cambridge
1677:Sutton, Denys, Biographical Notes,
1394:"Roger Fry | Artist | Blue Plaques"
1243:Letter to Marie Mauron 20 June 1920
1199:, National Portrait Gallery, London
3335:People educated at Clifton College
1960:112 artworks by or after Roger Fry
1208:Letter to Lady Fry,22 January 1928
307:Shortly after their relocation to
14:
3355:19th-century English male artists
3350:20th-century English male artists
1681:, Chatto and Windus, London 1972.
1347:, Chatto and Windus, London 1972
338:After short affairs with artists
3259:Bloomsbury Group in LGBT history
2969:
1327:Chatto and Windus, London, 1972
1179:, Oxford University Press, 1990
856:Art History as an Academic Study
830:
815:
798:
781:
764:
749:
3254:List of Bloomsbury Group people
1366:"Post-impressionism – Art Term"
1314:Chatto and Windus, London, 1920
980:List of Bloomsbury Group people
909:Reflections on British Painting
346:, Fry too found happiness with
264:In 1896, he married the artist
241:, where he was a member of the
174:in Britain, and emphasised the
1972:Roger Fry at artcyclopedia.com
1903:University of California Press
1784:"Who made the Conway Library?"
1659:, Phaidon Press, London , 1965
1515:The Courtauld Institute of Art
1490:The Courtauld Institute of Art
868:Arts of Painting and Sculpture
862:The Artist and Psycho-Analysis
618:The Courtauld Institute of Art
323:. He employed Lottie Hope and
1:
3315:20th-century English painters
3305:19th-century English painters
1721:www.artandarchitecture.org.uk
1511:"Bloomsbury Art & Design"
1461:"Rebel Art Centre – Art Term"
1177:Dictionary of Art and Artists
903:Characteristics of French Art
386:
2881:Aestheticization of politics
1692:"Self-Portrait by Roger Fry"
1323:Sutton, Denys, Introduction
1290:Bullen, J. B., Introduction
1145:UK public library membership
889:. A Study of His Development
166:, to which he gave the name
3360:British philosophers of art
2007:on the 1910-1911 exhibition
1070:A Cambridge Alumni Database
757:Goldsworthy Lowes Dickinson
251:Goldsworthy Lowes Dickinson
229:; Margery was principal of
3376:
1742:"The Courtauld Collection"
1072:. University of Cambridge.
472:Metropolitan Museum of Art
231:Somerville College, Oxford
209:, he grew up in a wealthy
21:Roger Fry (disambiguation)
18:
2949:
1717:"A&A | Self-Portrait"
1343:Sutton Denys, Preface to
686:National Portrait Gallery
672:His works can be seen in
559:, other clients included
547:and other artists of the
539:, whose members included
415:University College London
321:Grade II* listed building
311:, Fry had a house called
239:King's College, Cambridge
118:King's College, Cambridge
37:
2003:, a reflection by Prof.
1812:Richard Howells (2020).
1615:www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk
949:Twelve Original Woodcuts
526:London Borough of Camden
411:Slade School of Fine Art
217:. His siblings included
2901:Evolutionary aesthetics
2851:The Aesthetic Dimension
1899:Roger Fry: Art and Life
1763:Encyclopedia Britannica
1640:The Burlington Magazine
1066:"Fry, Roger (FRY885RE)"
1004:search.findmypast.co.uk
634:The Burlington Magazine
531:In 1913 he founded the
423:The Burlington Magazine
2831:Avant-Garde and Kitsch
2781:Lectures on Aesthetics
1996:The Fortnightly Review
1864:Roger Fry: A Biography
1310:Fry, Roger Preface to
1230:Earp T. W., critic of
1219:Roger Fry, A Biography
1163:Roger Fry: A Biography
1130:10.1093/ref:odnb/94651
837:Roger Fry, (1930–1934)
694:Manchester Art Gallery
528:
465:An essay in Aesthetics
456:
390:
304:
233:. Fry was educated at
154:, and a member of the
3310:English male painters
3153:Lady Ottoline Morrell
2976:Philosophy portal
943:A Sampler of Castille
613:The Courtauld Gallery
597:Henri Gaudier-Brzeska
553:Lady Ottoline Morrell
512:
449:
380:
299:
243:Conversazione Society
3233:Charleston Farmhouse
2921:Philosophy of design
2801:In Praise of Shadows
2791:The Critic as Artist
1992:"Post-Impressionism"
1882:Letters of Roger Fry
1679:Letters of Roger Fry
1345:Letters of Roger Fry
1325:Letters of Roger Fry
1263:Letters of Roger Fry
611:but closed in 1919.
363:Kings College Chapel
348:Helen Maitland Anrep
3300:English art critics
3168:Vita Sackville-West
3112:Saxon Sydney-Turner
3057:John Maynard Keynes
2931:Philosophy of music
2906:Mathematical beauty
1586:"Courtauld History"
1265:(1972) pp. 448, 452
823:The Breakfast Table
630:John Maynard Keynes
565:George Bernard Shaw
92:Royal Free Hospital
3093:Cambridge Apostles
2926:Philosophy of film
2916:Patterns in nature
2886:Applied aesthetics
2861:Why Beauty Matters
2647:Life imitating art
2508:Art for art's sake
1926:A Roger Fry Reader
1916:David Boyd Haycock
1565:www.artbiogs.co.uk
1486:"The 20th Century"
698:Somerville College
589:Frederick Etchells
529:
461:Post-Impressionist
457:
391:
344:Josette Coatmellec
305:
301:River with Poplars
168:Post-Impressionism
73:St Pancras, London
3267:
3266:
3223:33 Fitzroy Square
3216:Notable Addresses
3158:Frances Partridge
3126:Associated Others
3062:Desmond MacCarthy
2984:
2983:
2936:Psychology of art
2811:Art as Experience
1948:978-3-0351-9992-5
1646:(1048 July 1990).
1312:Vision and design
1292:Vision and Design
1143:(Subscription or
874:Vision and Design
706:Courtauld Gallery
682:Leeds Art Gallery
667:Stephane Mallarmé
638:London University
518:33 Fitzroy Square
483:Grafton Galleries
145:
144:
98:, London, England
3367:
3295:Bloomsbury Group
3228:46 Gordon Square
3143:Angelica Garnett
3018:Bloomsbury Group
3011:
3004:
2997:
2988:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2866:
2856:
2846:
2836:
2826:
2816:
2806:
2796:
2786:
2776:
2766:
2756:
2746:
2736:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2012:
1922:Christopher Reed
1895:Frances Spalding
1846:
1845:
1809:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1688:
1682:
1675:
1669:
1666:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1431:
1422:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1398:English Heritage
1390:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1361:
1355:
1341:
1335:
1321:
1315:
1308:
1302:
1288:
1282:
1272:
1266:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1244:
1241:
1235:
1228:
1222:
1215:
1209:
1206:
1200:
1197:Edward Carpenter
1193:
1187:
1173:
1167:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1117:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1091:Historic England
1083:
1074:
1073:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1037:
1031:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
996:
916:Giovanni Bellini
850:Art and Commerce
834:
819:
818:
802:
785:
768:
753:
678:Ashmolean Museum
626:Samuel Courtauld
601:Rebel Art Centre
593:Edward Wadsworth
549:Bloomsbury Group
514:English Heritage
504:Ottoline Morrell
452:Edward Carpenter
388:
359:Bloomsbury Group
285:and her husband
156:Bloomsbury Group
140:Bloomsbury Group
87:
84:9 September 1934
69:14 December 1866
68:
66:
42:
28:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3320:English Quakers
3270:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3242:
3211:
3202:Omega Workshops
3177:
3163:Ralph Partridge
3138:Dora Carrington
3121:
3081:
3067:Lytton Strachey
3020:
3015:
2985:
2980:
2970:
2968:
2945:
2869:
2864:
2854:
2844:
2841:Critical Essays
2834:
2824:
2814:
2804:
2794:
2784:
2774:
2764:
2754:
2744:
2734:
2718:
2491:
2405:Ortega y Gasset
2198:
2110:
2044:
2039:
1956:
1938:Gal, Michalle.
1855:
1850:
1849:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1793:
1791:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1765:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1698:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1676:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1655:
1651:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1619:
1617:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1590:courtauld.ac.uk
1584:
1583:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1544:
1542:
1540:courtauld.ac.uk
1534:
1533:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1469:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1439:courtauld.ac.uk
1433:
1432:
1425:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1392:
1391:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1342:
1338:
1322:
1318:
1309:
1305:
1289:
1285:
1277:, Introduction
1273:
1269:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1229:
1225:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1194:
1190:
1175:Chilvers, Ian,
1174:
1170:
1158:Woolf, Virginia
1156:
1152:
1142:
1134:
1132:
1115:"Nellie Boxall"
1111:
1110:
1106:
1096:
1094:
1085:
1084:
1077:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1038:
1034:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1006:
998:
997:
993:
988:
976:
971:
880:Transformations
845:
838:
835:
826:
820:
811:
803:
794:
786:
777:
769:
760:
754:
745:
642:Slade Professor
533:Omega Workshops
407:
375:
235:Clifton College
203:
164:French painting
148:Roger Eliot Fry
114:Alma mater
108:Clifton College
99:
89:
85:
76:
70:
64:
62:
61:
60:
59:Roger Eliot Fry
50:
33:
32:Roger Eliot Fry
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3373:
3371:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3272:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3119:
3117:Mary MacCarthy
3114:
3109:
3104:
3102:Adrian Stephen
3099:
3089:
3087:
3086:Old Bloomsbury
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3077:Virginia Woolf
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2991:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2911:Neuroesthetics
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2891:Arts criticism
2888:
2883:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2857:
2847:
2837:
2827:
2817:
2807:
2797:
2787:
2777:
2767:
2761:On the Sublime
2757:
2747:
2737:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2632:
2627:
2625:Interpretation
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2525:
2520:
2518:Artistic merit
2515:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2167:Psychoanalysis
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2052:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2015:
2009:
2008:
1998:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1955:
1954:External links
1952:
1951:
1950:
1936:
1919:
1913:
1892:
1875:
1859:Virginia Woolf
1854:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1801:
1790:. 30 June 2020
1775:
1750:
1733:
1708:
1683:
1670:
1661:
1649:
1627:
1602:
1577:
1552:
1527:
1502:
1477:
1451:
1423:
1410:
1382:
1356:
1336:
1316:
1303:
1283:
1275:Blunt, Anthony
1267:
1261:Sutton (ed.),
1254:
1245:
1236:
1223:
1210:
1201:
1188:
1168:
1150:
1104:
1093:. 20 June 2024
1075:
1057:
1048:
1045:978-0226266428
1032:
1016:
990:
989:
987:
984:
983:
982:
975:
972:
970:
969:
963:Some poems of
953:
952:
946:
940:
934:
928:
920:
912:
906:
900:
892:
883:
877:
871:
865:
859:
853:
846:
844:
841:
840:
839:
836:
829:
827:
821:
814:
812:
804:
797:
795:
790:Virginia Woolf
787:
780:
778:
770:
763:
761:
755:
748:
744:
741:
714:Conway Library
581:Gertrude Stein
561:Virginia Woolf
537:Fitzroy Square
441:The Burlington
437:The Burlington
432:The Burlington
406:
403:
385:by Roger Fry (
374:
373:Artistic style
371:
367:Virginia Woolf
365:in Cambridge.
291:Virginia Woolf
247:John McTaggart
202:
199:
143:
142:
138:Member of the
136:
135:Known for
132:
131:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
90:
88:(aged 67)
82:
78:
77:
71:
58:
56:
52:
51:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3372:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3197:Hogarth Press
3195:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3174:
3173:Thoby Stephen
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3148:David Garnett
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3130:
3128:
3124:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3107:Karin Stephen
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3072:Leonard Woolf
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3042:E. M. Forster
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3000:
2998:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2977:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2942:
2941:Theory of art
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2852:
2848:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2828:
2822:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2732:
2731:Hippias Major
2728:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:Entertainment
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2513:Art manifesto
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2503:Appropriation
2501:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2395:Merleau-Ponty
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2210:Abhinavagupta
2208:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2162:Postmodernism
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2031:
2029:
2024:
2022:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1934:0-226-26642-7
1931:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1911:0-520-04126-7
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1890:0-7011-1599-8
1887:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:0-15-678520-X
1870:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1789:
1788:Digital Media
1785:
1779:
1776:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1751:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1591:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1553:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1516:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1452:
1440:
1436:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1371:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1300:9780486400877
1297:
1293:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1249:
1246:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1232:New Statesman
1227:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1185:9780199532940
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1151:
1146:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1116:
1108:
1105:
1092:
1088:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:9780199532940
1026:
1020:
1017:
1005:
1001:
995:
992:
985:
981:
978:
977:
973:
967:
966:
961:
960:
959:
957:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
937:Last Lectures
935:
932:
929:
926:
925:
921:
918:
917:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
897:
896:Henri Matisse
893:
890:
888:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
847:
842:
833:
828:
824:
813:
809:
808:
807:Edith Sitwell
801:
796:
792:
791:
784:
779:
775:
774:
773:Edith Sitwell
767:
762:
758:
752:
747:
742:
740:
738:
734:
729:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
670:
668:
664:
660:
659:
654:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
622:
619:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
585:Wyndham Lewis
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
505:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
454:
453:
448:
444:
442:
438:
433:
429:
425:
424:
418:
416:
412:
404:
402:
400:
396:
384:
379:
372:
370:
368:
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
336:
334:
328:
326:
325:Nellie Boxall
322:
318:
314:
310:
302:
298:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:Joan Mary Fry
216:
212:
208:
200:
198:
196:
192:
188:
184:
183:Kenneth Clark
181:
180:art historian
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
141:
137:
133:
130:
126:
124:Occupation(s)
122:
119:
116:
112:
109:
106:
102:
97:
93:
83:
79:
74:
57:
53:
48:
47:
46:Self-portrait
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
3238:Monk's House
3189:
3133:Quentin Bell
3052:Duncan Grant
3046:
3037:Vanessa Bell
3025:Core Members
2859:
2849:
2839:
2809:
2799:
2779:
2769:
2759:
2749:
2739:
2729:
2676:
2652:Magnificence
2634:
2484:
2450:Schopenhauer
2304:
2285:Coomaraswamy
2203:Philosophers
2191:
2122:Aestheticism
2005:Marnin Young
1962: at the
1939:
1925:
1898:
1881:
1878:Denys Sutton
1862:
1821:
1817:
1792:. Retrieved
1787:
1778:
1766:. Retrieved
1762:
1753:
1736:
1724:. Retrieved
1720:
1711:
1699:. Retrieved
1695:
1686:
1678:
1673:
1664:
1656:
1652:
1643:
1639:
1630:
1618:. Retrieved
1614:
1605:
1593:. Retrieved
1589:
1580:
1568:. Retrieved
1564:
1555:
1543:. Retrieved
1539:
1530:
1518:. Retrieved
1514:
1505:
1493:. Retrieved
1489:
1480:
1468:. Retrieved
1464:
1454:
1442:. Retrieved
1438:
1418:
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1397:
1373:. Retrieved
1369:
1359:
1344:
1339:
1324:
1319:
1311:
1306:
1291:
1286:
1278:
1270:
1262:
1257:
1248:
1239:
1231:
1226:
1218:
1213:
1204:
1195:Portrait of
1191:
1176:
1171:
1161:
1153:
1133:. Retrieved
1119:
1107:
1095:. Retrieved
1090:
1069:
1060:
1051:
1035:
1019:
1007:. Retrieved
1003:
994:
962:
956:Translations
955:
954:
948:
942:
936:
930:
924:Duncan Grant
922:
914:
908:
902:
894:
885:
879:
873:
867:
861:
855:
849:
822:
805:
788:
771:
733:Arts Council
730:
722:Tate Britain
674:Tate Britain
671:
656:
650:
623:
577:E.M. Forster
545:Duncan Grant
541:Vanessa Bell
530:
480:
476:Paul Cézanne
469:
464:
458:
450:
440:
436:
431:
421:
419:
408:
399:Cowdray Park
398:
392:
381:Portrait of
356:
340:Nina Hamnett
337:
333:Duncan Grant
329:
317:Surrey Hills
312:
306:
300:
283:Vanessa Bell
266:Helen Coombe
263:
204:
147:
146:
86:(1934-09-09)
44:
25:
3285:1934 deaths
3280:1866 births
3207:Memoir Club
3190:Dreadnought
3097:G. E. Moore
2745:(c. 335 BC)
2735:(c. 390 BC)
2714:Work of art
2667:Picturesque
2523:Avant-garde
2480:Winckelmann
2355:Kierkegaard
2280:Collingwood
2250:Baudrillard
2177:Romanticism
2147:Historicism
2081:Mathematics
931:Flemish Art
737:blue plaque
718:Lithographs
609:World War I
557:Maud Cunard
352:Boris Anrep
227:Margery Fry
195:avant-garde
160:Old Masters
127:Artist and
3325:Fry family
3274:Categories
3032:Clive Bell
2684:Recreation
2662:Perception
2555:Creativity
2255:Baumgarten
2245:Baudelaire
2127:Classicism
2042:Aesthetics
1842:Q106839642
1353:0701115998
1333:0701115998
1147:required.)
986:References
573:W.B. Yeats
569:H.G. Wells
383:Clive Bell
303:(ca. 1912)
287:Clive Bell
261:painting.
213:family in
207:Edward Fry
191:Anglophone
172:modern art
129:art critic
65:1866-12-14
3047:Roger Fry
2689:Reverence
2595:Eroticism
2565:Depiction
2538:Masculine
2440:Santayana
2400:Nietzsche
2345:Hutcheson
2335:Heidegger
2320:Greenberg
2275:Coleridge
2240:Balthasar
2225:Aristotle
2187:Theosophy
2182:Symbolism
2157:Modernism
2142:Formalism
1905:, (1980)
1834:1173-4337
1097:18 August
663:symbolist
646:Cambridge
605:Vorticist
579:and also
522:Fitzrovia
428:More Adey
395:portraits
309:Guildford
270:Guildford
259:landscape
223:Agnes Fry
104:Education
96:Hampstead
75:, England
3182:Projects
2964:Category
2896:Axiology
2765:(c. 500)
2755:(c. 100)
2630:Judgment
2585:Emotions
2580:Elegance
2560:Cuteness
2533:Feminine
2496:Concepts
2465:Tanizaki
2445:Schiller
2430:Richards
2420:Rancière
2390:Maritain
2325:Hanslick
2265:Benjamin
2137:Feminism
2106:Theology
2086:Medieval
2076:Japanese
2071:Internet
1838:Wikidata
1828:: 5–18.
1794:14 April
1768:14 April
1726:14 April
1701:14 April
1696:Art Fund
1620:14 April
1595:14 April
1570:14 April
1545:14 April
1520:14 April
1495:14 April
1470:14 April
1444:14 April
1403:12 April
1375:12 April
974:See also
965:Mallarme
825:(c.1918)
810:, (1918)
793:, (1917)
776:, (1915)
724:and the
710:Art Fund
704:and the
658:The Dial
499:Van Gogh
279:Joan Fry
215:Highgate
2959:Outline
2874:Related
2741:Poetics
2709:Tragedy
2699:Sublime
2672:Quality
2657:Mimesis
2615:Harmony
2600:Fashion
2575:Ecstasy
2570:Disgust
2486:more...
2455:Scruton
2380:Lyotard
2315:Goodman
2295:Deleuze
2230:Aquinas
2220:Alberti
2193:more...
2172:Realism
2152:Marxism
2132:Fascism
2115:Schools
2101:Science
2056:Ancient
1928:(1996)
1884:(1972)
1867:(1940)
1853:Sources
1826:Te Papa
1009:9 April
891:(1927)
887:Cézanne
743:Gallery
495:Matisse
491:Cézanne
487:Gauguin
313:Durbins
3247:Topics
2865:(2009)
2855:(1977)
2845:(1946)
2835:(1939)
2825:(1935)
2815:(1934)
2805:(1933)
2795:(1891)
2785:(1835)
2775:(1757)
2642:Kitsch
2620:Humour
2550:Comedy
2528:Beauty
2470:Vasari
2460:Tagore
2435:Ruskin
2375:Lukács
2365:Langer
2310:Goethe
2235:Balázs
2215:Adorno
2096:Nature
2061:Africa
1964:Art UK
1946:
1932:
1909:
1888:
1871:
1840:
1832:
1657:Seurat
1459:Tate.
1364:Tate.
1351:
1331:
1298:
1279:Seurat
1183:
1141:
1135:9 June
1043:
1027:
968:(1936)
951:(1921)
945:(1923)
939:(1933)
933:(1927)
927:(1923)
919:(1899)
911:(1934)
905:(1932)
899:(1930)
882:(1926)
876:(1920)
870:(1932)
864:(1924)
858:(1933)
852:(1926)
759:(1893)
676:, the
653:Seurat
497:, and
455:(1894)
405:Career
274:Surrey
255:tripos
211:Quaker
187:Ruskin
176:formal
152:critic
49:(1928)
2954:Index
2723:Works
2704:Taste
2694:Style
2475:Wilde
2415:Plato
2410:Pater
2370:Lipps
2330:Hegel
2300:Dewey
2290:Danto
2270:Burke
2091:Music
2066:India
2049:Areas
1745:(PDF)
843:Books
665:poet
389:1924)
3192:hoax
3095:and
2678:Rasa
2636:Kama
2610:Gaze
2545:Camp
2425:Rand
2360:Klee
2350:Kant
2340:Hume
2260:Bell
1966:site
1944:ISBN
1930:ISBN
1907:ISBN
1886:ISBN
1869:ISBN
1830:ISSN
1796:2021
1770:2021
1728:2021
1703:2021
1622:2021
1597:2021
1572:2021
1547:2021
1522:2021
1497:2021
1472:2021
1465:Tate
1446:2021
1405:2021
1377:2021
1370:Tate
1349:ISBN
1329:ISBN
1296:ISBN
1181:ISBN
1137:2023
1099:2024
1041:ISBN
1025:ISBN
1011:2018
731:The
628:and
595:and
575:and
555:and
543:and
342:and
249:and
237:and
225:and
201:Life
81:Died
55:Born
2605:Fun
2385:Man
2305:Fry
1644:132
1126:doi
655:in
644:at
354:).
3276::
2833:"
2823:"
2793:"
1924:,
1901:,
1897:,
1880:,
1861:,
1836:.
1824:.
1822:31
1820:.
1816:.
1804:^
1786:.
1761:.
1719:.
1694:.
1642:.
1638:.
1613:.
1588:.
1563:.
1538:.
1513:.
1488:.
1463:.
1437:.
1426:^
1396:.
1385:^
1368:.
1160:,
1118:.
1089:.
1078:^
1068:.
1002:.
958::
700:,
696:,
692:,
688:,
684:,
680:,
591:,
587:,
571:,
567:,
563:,
524:,
520:,
493:,
489:,
417:.
413:,
387:c.
272:,
221:,
197:.
94:,
3010:e
3003:t
2996:v
2829:"
2819:"
2789:"
2034:e
2027:t
2020:v
1844:.
1798:.
1772:.
1747:.
1730:.
1705:.
1624:.
1599:.
1574:.
1549:.
1524:.
1499:.
1474:.
1448:.
1407:.
1379:.
1139:.
1128::
1101:.
1013:.
67:)
63:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
