155:
significant of a realignment in the politics of the lords of
Languedoc with respect to central authority. Some have suggested that Roger was driven to the side of Alfonso by the results of the Third Lateran Council and by Raymond of Toulouse' request for assistance in dealing with heresy in his domains. Roger appears therefore as lenient towards heretics.
154:
to prevent
Raymond from seizing Narbonne. In 1179, he was forced to forswear his former alliance with Raymond of Toulouse and return to the fold of Alfonso of Aragon. He recognised that he held his fiefs from Alfonso. Roger agreed to hold Minerve from the king of Aragon instead of the king of France,
340:
and thus intended to show the
Trencavel's authority over all Languedoc, or it may merely have been a fashionable and pompous way of saying "viscount." In any case it was intended to make Roger out to be of higher rank and standing than his vicecomital titles made
139:. About the same time (c. 1175), Alfonso of Aragon held a public inquiry to prove that Carcassonne was his possession and that Roger II merely held it from him at his pleasure. In the late 1180s, Roger began the compilation of a
76:
and sub-vicar, but his later years are characterised by financial troubles and a "general malaise" perhaps brought about by his poor relations with the Church hierarchy in light of his favourable attitude towards
243:
as his heir, even though his wife was expecting. Perhaps the adoption was cautionary in case the child of
Adalais was a girl. Alfonso of Provence did not succeed Roger, rather that child, which was a boy named
166:, probably over the disputed lordship of Albi. Roger succeeded in establishing a vicar (Pierre Raimond d'Hautpoul) in Albi between 1175 and 1177, but he was forced to come to humiliating terms with the bishop
116:. After taking the city, Roger brought the Aragonese inside to murder the citizens who had handed the city over to his rival. However, in November 1171, Raymond drew Roger away from
636:
263:
In 1189, Roger fell seriously ill and made his will. After his recovery in 1191, however, he gathered his vassals and made them swear fealty to his son, which they did.
127:, daughter of Raymond of Toulouse, in 1171. It opened the only (brief) period of alliance between Roger and Raymond. Adalais' dowry was the town of
150:
from 1171 onwards, when the viscount and viscountess swore oaths of mutual alliance. In 1177, he joined an alliance with
Ermengard and
190:, where they declared him a heretic and excommunicated him after releasing the bishop Gerard. In 1179, he was excommunicated again by
626:
288:
621:
485:
Graham-Leigh, 105, who herself sees Roger as intensely opposed to any furtherance of
Aragonese dominance in Languedoc (p. 111).
631:
143:
to collect the charter evidence for his rule. The cartulary contained 248 folios and was written in proto-Gothic script.
601:
337:
151:
72:. His government of his lands was characterised by increasing complexity, such as the development of the offices of
616:
113:
235:
and with Roger against
Raymond of Toulouse. Roger in gratitude followed Alfonso into Spain and to the siege of
194:
for his "conspicuous lack of enthusiasm for the extirpation of heresy" under the twenty-seventh canon of the
245:
159:
97:
45:
328:
Graham-Leigh, 160 and n218. The title may have signified that the proconsul was the representative of the
240:
49:
257:
232:
195:
167:
147:
93:
89:
53:
57:
606:
307:
117:
128:
124:
85:
611:
284:
109:
252:
again to defend Roger at
Carcassonne, but he also granted away that viscounty as well as the
212:. In 1181, Henry of Marcy returned to the south of France and besieged Roger and his wife in
92:. Eventually he inherited all four of Raymond's viscounties on his death in 1167. However,
236:
224:
205:
69:
191:
171:
163:
132:
17:
595:
213:
200:
175:
135:. In 1176, Roger held a public inquiry to prove his lordship of the village of
105:
332:
of BĂ©ziers, it may have been a continued tradition of the use of the term in
333:
329:
140:
88:
and Saure. As a child in 1153 he was placed in the "custody and service" of
78:
73:
61:
40:
253:
249:
220:
209:
183:
101:
28:
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by enfeoffing him with the viscounties and depriving the count of Foix.
68:(of BĂ©ziers), but he abandoned the usage when he became a vassal of the
187:
136:
228:
219:
In 1185, Alfonso was making war on
Raymond over the possession of
179:
60:
from 1167 or 1171 until his death. Until 1177 he used the title
32:
306:
Graham-Leigh, 155–156. Roger referred to himself as
281:
The
Southern French Nobility and the Albigensian Crusade
274:
Ermengard of Narbonne and the World of the Troubadours
248:, did. In 1188, Alfonso of Aragon came north of the
231:, where, probably in April, he made a treaty with
96:objected to the young Roger and instead enfeoffed
260:in a move to dispossess the Trencavels entirely.
350:Graham-Leigh, 136–137 and nn 56–63.
582:
580:
578:
559:
557:
380:
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8:
637:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
472:
470:
239:, where, in June, he adopted the king's son
415:
413:
411:
392:
390:
108:in 1169 with the assistance of troops from
276:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001.
100:with the viscounties in December 1167 at
493:
491:
299:
283:. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2005.
7:
336:as it was when still a proconsular
84:Roger was the elder of two sons of
216:, which was promptly surrendered.
27:Viscount of Carcassonne, BĂ©ziers,
25:
208:. He was also accused of hiring
158:Around 1175, Roger imprisoned
1:
396:Graham-Leigh, 147–148.
338:province of the Roman Empire
319:Graham-Leigh, 163–164.
104:. Roger rebelled. He retook
152:William VIII of Montpellier
653:
533:Graham-Leigh, 67–68.
437:Graham-Leigh, 12–13.
178:in the region, marched on
146:Roger was a close ally of
44:(died March 1194) was the
627:Viscounts of Carcassonne
123:Roger married the young
182:, whence Roger fled to
98:Roger-Bernard I of Foix
46:Viscount of Carcassonne
18:Roger II of Carcassonne
279:Graham-Leigh, Elaine.
241:Alfonso II of Provence
272:Cheyette, Fredric L.
258:Raimond-Roger of Foix
233:Richard the Lionheart
196:Third Lateran Council
148:Ermengard of Narbonne
94:Raymond V of Toulouse
90:Ermengard of Narbonne
66:proconsul de Bitteris
622:Viscounts of BĂ©ziers
308:Count of Carcassonne
174:, who was leading a
118:Alfonso II of Aragon
602:12th-century births
86:Raymond I Trencavel
632:Viscounts of Razès
572:Graham-Leigh, 111.
497:Graham-Leigh, 142.
476:Graham-Leigh, 100.
359:Graham-Leigh, 132.
168:William of Dourgne
617:Viscounts of Albi
542:Graham-Leigh, 75.
515:Graham-Leigh, 73.
446:Graham-Leigh, 14.
428:Graham-Leigh, 11.
419:Graham-Leigh, 99.
198:and the decretal
170:in 1193. In 1178
16:(Redirected from
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563:Cheyetter, 334.
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541:
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524:Cheyetter, 317.
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206:Pope Lucius III
70:Crown of Aragon
36:
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5:
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629:
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586:Cheyette, 335.
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487:
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464:Cheyette, 275.
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455:Cheyette, 168.
448:
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421:
407:
405:Cheyette, 277.
398:
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384:Cheyette, 265.
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368:Cheyette, 347.
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321:
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176:papal legation
172:Henry of Marcy
164:bishop of Albi
133:King of France
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2:
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246:Raymond Roger
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64:, usually as
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34:
30:
19:
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401:
364:
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346:
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310:on occasion.
302:
280:
273:
262:
218:
201:Ad abolendam
199:
192:Pons d'Arsac
157:
145:
122:
83:
65:
38:
37:
607:1194 deaths
35:(died 1194)
596:Categories
612:Trencavel
334:Languedoc
330:consulate
141:cartulary
114:Catalonia
79:Catharism
74:seneschal
62:proconsul
41:Trencavel
39:Roger II
250:Pyrenees
237:Valencia
221:Provence
210:routiers
184:Ambialet
102:Narbonne
267:Sources
223:. From
188:Castres
129:Minerve
125:Adalais
106:BĂ©ziers
50:BĂ©ziers
287:
214:Lavaur
162:, the
160:Gerard
110:Aragon
56:, and
295:Notes
254:Razès
229:Najac
54:Razès
29:Razès
341:him.
285:ISBN
180:Albi
137:Mèze
112:and
58:Albi
33:Albi
31:and
256:to
225:Aix
204:of
598::
577:^
556:^
490:^
469:^
410:^
389:^
373:^
81:.
52:,
48:,
20:)
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