Roguelike - Knowledge (XXG)

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precariousness inherent to the unknown environments of roguelikes gives that investment a great deal of meaning." Additionally, many of these newer rogue-lites strive to address the apparent high difficulty and ruthlessness that traditional roguelikes were known for, and newer players will be able to find more help through user-generated game guides and walkthroughs made possible through wide Internet accessibility. Fabien Fischer offers that players have taken to independently developed rogue-lites as they have tired from "superficial gameplay, whitewashing spectacle, the content craze, and

7153: 613:, so no game is the same on subsequent playthroughs. Most roguelikes have an ultimate goal of either claiming an item located at the deepest level of the dungeon, or defeating a specific monster that lives on that level. Typical roguelikes assess the player's performance at the end of the game through a score based on the amount of treasure, money, experience earned, and how fast the player finished the game, if they managed to do so. The score is displayed in a ranked scoreboard to compare the player's performance on successive runs. 907: 1074:, whereby achieving certain goals will unlock persistent features such as the ability to select a new character at the start of the game or the addition of new items and monsters in the procedural generation of the game's levels. Alternatively, each run through rogue-lite may be to collect resources which one then advances their character within the metagame, and a player may simply forgo a complete run once they have collected sufficient materials for that advancement. 52: 991:, many traditional roguelikes were modified to include support for having multiple windows. This was useful to not only show the character-based dungeon, but details on the character's inventory, the monster they were in battle with, and other status messages, in separate windows. Having access to multiple windows also allowed having menus to complete more complex commands. More recent examples of roguelikes that have stayed with ASCII art-based displays include 1014: 1050:, causing confusion and dilution of the term. Some players of the Berlin Interpretation roguelikes disliked the dilution of the term, believing that in the 1990s and 2000s, the term "roguelikes" served well to distinguish games that forwent aesthetics to focus on depth of gameplay from games more comparable to interactive movies, particularly games that incorporated real-time gameplay elements which tended to reduce the game's complexity. As such, the term " 2266: 624: 2732: 22: 1058:" has been used by some to distinguish these games that possess some, but not all, of the Berlin Interpretation features from those that exactly meet the Berlin roguelike definition. The phrase "procedural death labyrinth" has also been applied to such games, as they retain the notion of permadeath and random level generation but lack the other high-value factors normally associated with roguelike games. 1062:

a high-value factor in these types of games. Game journalist Joshua Bycer observed that several games considered as rogue-lites feature fixed events, even if the means to reach that may be through procedural generation, whereas a roguelike game typically lacks this level of predictability. For example, several rogue-lites require the player to travel a fixed number of biomes, each which culminates in a

2941: 2978:. The result was a platform game incorporating the notion of permadeath in which the player takes an explorer character through randomly-generated caves. The intent was to create "deep" gameplay in which the game could be replayed over and over again, with the randomly generated situations driving the need for the player to develop novel, emergent strategies on the fly. Developer 3137:

of the 2008 International Roguelike Conference, the "Roguelike Celebration" was held for the first time in September 2016 in San Francisco where several past and present roguelike developers gathered to discuss the history and future direction of the genre. It has since been organized again in 2017, 2018 and 2019 in San Francisco, and as virtual events in 2020, 2021 and 2022.

773:, giving the player as much time as needed to make a decision. Gameplay is usually step-based, where player actions are performed serially and take a variable measure of in-game time to complete. Game processes (e.g., monster movement and interaction, progressive effects such as poisoning or starvation) advance based on the passage of time dictated by these actions. 1270:(1979). It is unclear if these PLATO games inspired the roguelike genre as there is no evidence that the early roguelike creators had access to these games. The core roguelike games were developed independently of each other, many of the developers not learning about their respective projects until several years after the genre took off. 2072: 2335:

an extremely useful item to complete the game. Though the DevTeam released the code publicly, they carefully maintained who could contribute to the code base to avoid excessive forking of the vanilla game, and remain relatively quiet about suggested improvements to each release, working in relatively secrecy from its player base.

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newsgroup in 2005 for roguelike developers, informally challenging them to create the core of a novel roguelike within 7 days to be submitted for judging and play by the public. The competition has continued annually each year, since growing from 5–6 entries in 2005 to over 130 in 2014. In the spirit

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The roguelike genre has developed with the expansion of both classical roguelikes and rogue-lite titles, a dedicated fan community has come about to not only discuss games within it but to craft their own tales of near-death adventures or amusing stories in roguelikes. Within this community, there is

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map of the fictional realm of Ancardia, and would have the player complete various quests in those dungeons to progress the game. A major feature was the influence of Chaos forces through unsealed portals, which the player would have to close. While in areas affected by Chaos, the player's character

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minicomputer for the school and instituted a course curriculum that allowed students to do whatever they wanted on the computers, including playing games, as long as they had completed assignments by the end of each semester. Fenlason, Woodland, Thome, and Payne met through these courses and became a

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from Tolkien's fiction, and incorporated more of the deadlier creatures described within the Middle Earth mythology. They kept the Balrog as a difficult creature that must be overcome at a mid-game level, while Morgoth became the final boss the player must defeat to win the game. Following Cutler and

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Roguelike games were initially developed for computing environments with limited memory, including shared mainframe systems and early home computers; this limitation prevented developers from retaining all but a few dungeon levels in memory while the game was running, leading to procedural generation

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Rogue-lites favor short gameplay runs with victory conditions, in contrast to some traditional roguelikes that can be played indefinitely. The shortness of a single gameplay run in rogue-lites can motivate players to continually replay the game in the hope of reaching completion, making replayability

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to limit which monsters are visible from the player's position. Dungeons tend to be connected by stairs; lower dungeon levels generally are more difficult than higher ones, so that an underdeveloped character will have difficulty progressing too fast. Dungeon levels and the population of monsters and

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series. Several changes to the roguelike formula had to be made for this conversion: they had developed ways to reduce the difficulty of the roguelike by using progressively more difficult dungeons that were randomly generated, and made permadeath an option by selection of difficulty level. An added

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is used to generate the game's levels in a deterministic fashion so that each player will have the same encounters; players attempt to complete the game through those levels or otherwise get the highest score through online leaderboards. Rogue-lites may also allow the player to enter the random seed

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that roam the dungeon. Most combat is performed simply by attempting to move the character into the same space as the monster. The game then calculates the damage that the character and monster deal. Other types of attacks, such as firing an arrow or performing an offensive magic spell, can often be

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said that including roguelike elements into other game mechanics can be difficult due to the complex interfaces roguelikes tend to have, but eventually "it becomes an increasingly beautiful, deep, and everlasting design that allows you to generate a seemingly dynamic experience for players, so that

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Though new classical roguelike variants would continue to be developed within the Western market, the genre languished as more advanced personal computers capable of improved graphics capabilities and games that utilized these features became popular. However, some of these new graphical games drew

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series) in the high fantasy setting, and the use of pre-defined levels with some procedural elements that the player would encounter deeper in the dungeons. Further iterations of the game included branching pathways through the dungeon and optional character-based quests that could grant the player

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further considers "stamina decay" as another feature related to resource management. The player's character constantly needs to find food to avoid starvation, which prevents the player from exploiting health regeneration by simply either passing turns for a long period of time or fighting very weak

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being the oldest of these types of games, was picked as "the least of all available evils". By the time it was suggested that a group be created to discuss the development of these kind of games in 1998, the "roguelike" term was already established within the community. This usage parallels that of

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around 1993, as this was the principal channel the players of roguelike games of that period were using to discuss these games, as well as what the developers used to announce new releases and even distribute the game's source code in some cases. With several individual groups for each game, it was

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It seems to me that we'd do a lot better taking all of the dungeon-adventure games, including ones that don't have their own newsgroups like larn and omega, and reorganizing them under rec.games.dungeon – recognizing the intrinsic similarities of all these games. It would make it a lot easier for

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developer Keith Burgun, that more popular titles may not always offer. David Bamguart of Gaslamp Games stated that there is a thrill of the risk inherent in rogue-lites with random generation and permadeath, helping the player become more invested in the fate of their player character: "The deadly

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approach rather than true randomness. Procedural generation uses a set of rules defined by the game developers to seed the generation of the dungeon generally to assure that each level of the dungeon can be completed by the player without special equipment, and also can generate more aesthetically

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who created a new subgenre designated "rogue-lite", though the games are also sometimes called "roguelike-likes". Indie developers began to incorporate roguelike elements into genres not normally associated with roguelikes, creating games that would form the basis of this new subgenre. Two of the

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library that enabled them to better manipulate characters on the terminal screen, prompting Toy and Wichman to create a graphical-like randomized adventure game. They created the story of the game by having the player seek out the "Amulet of Yendor", "Yendor" being "Rodney" spelled backwards, the

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as a leading example; in such games, the player generally fights through wave after wave of enemies, their character often fully firing or using all possible attacks without player intervention, with the ability to expand their character through a random selection of power-ups as they defeat more

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With computers and video game consoles capable of more advanced graphics and gameplay, numerous games have emerged that are loosely based on the classic roguelike design but diverge in one or more features. Many of these games use the concepts of procedurally generated maps and permadeath, while

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genre, popular for Western computer audiences, into a more streamlined approach better suited for Japanese players that preferred consoles. With roguelikes starting to gain popularity, Chunsoft's developers believed they could do a similar treatment for that genre to make it better suited for

3123:, was built to strongly incorporate elements of non-linear narrative into the game, giving the reason for the player to continually delve into replaying the game, and helped to draw in players to the roguelike genre that otherwise had been put off by its high difficulty level before. 1120:

writer Richard C. Moss alternatively suggested that the term "roguelike" is less necessarily about any specific genre definition but instead the idea that "games can be deep, inventive, challenging, and endlessly compelling experiences through their rules and their systems alone".

437:, several new "roguelikes" have appeared, with some but not all of these high-value factors, nominally the use of procedural generation and permadeath, while often incorporating other gameplay genres, thematic elements, and graphical styles; common examples of these include 2115:

Astrand's graduation, Sean March and Geoff Hill took over the development to see the game through to a public release outside of the university, adding in elements such as giving the player a sense of the rewards and dangers of a level when they entered it the first time.

2126:, there were efforts to have code maintainers (the "devteam") to fix bugs, clean up the code and implement suggestions into the code. Due to numerous shifts in those maintaining the code (due to other obligations), and the number of potential user suggestions to include, 473:. To distinguish these from traditional roguelikes, such games may be referred to as "rogue-lite" or "roguelike-like". Despite this alternative naming suggestion these games are often referred to as roguelike and use the roguelike tag on various market places such as 3248:

people who like one of these games to find newsgroups about other, basically similar games, and would finally provide a home for all those random posts about Larn and other games of the same genre that keep popping up in rec.games.hack and other inappropriate places.

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is "The Dev Team Thinks of Everything" in that the developers seem to have anticipated every possible combination of actions that a player may attempt to try in their gameplay strategy, such as using gloves to protect one's character while wielding the corpse of a

747:. Once a character dies, the player must begin a new game, known as a "run", which will regenerate the game's levels anew due to procedural generation. A "save game" feature will only provide suspension of gameplay and not a limitlessly recoverable state; the 506:, all of which shared common elements, that the groups be consolidated under an umbrella term to facilitate cross-game discussion. Debate among users of these groups ensued to try to find an encapsulating term that described the common elements, starting with 1373:, which required the player to navigate through randomly generated dungeon levels, acquire a sword, and make it back to the surface with that sword through more randomly generated levels. The more advanced computers available at the school, such as the 2689:

Other Japanese role-playing games would incorporate random dungeon generation as part of their design, mimicking part of the nature of roguelikes, and were considered roguelike titles when published in Western markets. Such titles include

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The player must use resource management to survive. Items that help sustain the player, such as food and healing items, are in limited supply, and the player must figure out how to use these most advantageously to survive in the dungeon.

1043:, and a player may never complete these games over numerous play sessions, making these titles difficult to sell to a broader audience. These new games would include elements to reduce the difficulty as to draw in a larger audience. 597:, with the game only reacting when the player makes an action with the character. This allows players to evaluate a difficult situation, such as being cornered by several monsters, at their own pace and determine the best strategy. 414:

The exact definition of a roguelike game remains a point of debate in the video game community. A "Berlin Interpretation" drafted in 2008 defined a number of high- and low-value factors that distinguished the "pure" roguelike games

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With the large number of Roguelike games and variants in existence and in development, there are occasional discussions about programming problems such as dungeon-generation algorithms which are of interest to designers of several

802:. For example, to get through a locked door, the player may attempt to pick the lock, kick it down, burn down the door, or even tunnel around it, depending on their current situation and inventory. A common phrase associated with 838:

The game requires the player to explore the world, and discover the purpose of unidentified items. In games featuring random generation, this must be done again every playthrough, as both the map and the appearances of items

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genre, and which frequently uses procedural generation to create the worlds that players must survive in, was developed by Sami Maaranen and was influenced by roguelikes, with its initial interface being similar to that of

692:. The Interpretation was designed to determine "how roguelike a game is", noting that missing a factor does not eliminate a game from being a roguelike, nor does possessing the features make a game roguelike. John Harris of 4964: 2677:

games, player-characters may die or become too injured, resetting their progress to the start of the dungeon, but the games typically provide means to store and recover equipment and other items from the previous run. The

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were the introduction of a wider variety of monsters, borrowing from other mythologies and lores, including anachronistic and contemporary cultural elements (such as a tourist class with a flash-bulb camera inspired by

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What gameplay elements explicitly define a "roguelike" game remains a point of debate within the video game community. There is broad agreement that roguelike games incorporate gameplay elements popularized by the

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each time they play your game they're getting a totally new adventure". Procedural-generated world lets developers create many hours worth of game content without spending resources on designing detailed worlds.

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The game involves exploring dungeons which are made up of rooms and interconnecting corridors. Some games may have open areas or natural features, such as rivers, though these are considered against the Berlin

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close group of friends and competent programmers. Harvey had invited the group to the computer labs at UC Berkeley where they had the opportunity to use the mainframe systems there, and were introduced to

934:. These games typically included one or two text lines presenting the player's current status at the bottom of the screen, and text-based menu screens to manage inventory, statistics, and other details. 4044: 766:

s Michael Toy, they saw their approach to permadeath not as a means to make the game painful or difficult but to put weight on every decision the player made as to create a more immersive experience.

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as showing how to distill down the nature of a traditional roguelike to apply it to other gaming genres which they had done for their rogue-lites. Justin Ma and Matthew Davis, the co-developers of

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s first major release in ten years in 2015 is set to help the DevTeam expand the game further. New roguelikes that adhere to core Berlin Interpretation rules are still being created, including

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family where the player can buy and sell equipment, but these are considered to reduce the randomness set by the Berlin Interpretation. This "random generation" is nearly always based on some

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was often remembered for its odd inventory approach in which the player would have to pick up an object, considering it being held, and then moving that object to a bag or an equipment slot.

6245: 569:, the player moves the character through the dungeon, collecting treasure which can include new weapons, armours, magical devices, potions, scrolls, food, and money, while having to fight 4619: 3900: 355:

graphics. These games were popularized among college students and computer programmers of the 1980s and 1990s, leading to hundreds of variants. Some of the better-known variants include

6583: 5919: 1499:, and together they would go on to create the company A.I. Design to port the games for various home systems along with publishing support by Epyx, later bringing Wichman back to help. 2430:(in the availability of a shop level and general difficulty increasing with dungeon level), but while these two games have spiraled in size to take multiple play sessions to complete, 1377:, enabled him to expand out the game further from the highly limited memory on the PET. On seeing the prospects of selling computer software, he eventually got a publication deal with 6606: 206: 6082: 5789: 2606:, released in 1995. Chunsoft found that they were more creative with how they developed the game without the need to respect an existing property. Since then, Chunsoft has developed 2254:

to the USENIX conferences to be distributed on their digital tapes, from which it was later discovered and built upon through USENET newsgroups, porting it to various systems. Like

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The newfound success in rogue-lites is considered part of a larger trend in those that play both board and computer games, looking for "rich play experiences", as described by

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I would like to propose formally that a new hierarchy be created, namely rec.games.roguelike. This hierarchy would contain groups dedicated to discussion of rogue-type games.

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I would like to propose formally that a new hierarchy be created, namely rec.games.dungeon. This hierarchy would contain groups dedicated to discussion of rogue-type games.

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that kept the depth of gameplay with a focused theme and setting. The resulting game featured several different dungeons, many generated procedurally, connected through an

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computer; its limited memory forced them to use a simple text-based interface for the game. Toy eventually dropped out of school but got a job at the computing labs at

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introduced the permadeath feature after introducing a save function, finding that players were repeatedly loading saved games to achieve the best results. According to

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of the games, adding in new monsters, items, and gameplay features, creating several dozen variants. This process was aided by switching code to languages with better

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was. At the International Roguelike Development Conference 2008 held in Berlin, Germany, players and developers established a definition for roguelikes known as the "

4519: 3418: 980:-based graphical front ends, as well as interfaces that took advantage of keyboard and mouse UI controls, but otherwise still kept to the core tile-based gameplay. 973:

that gave an "aesthetic construction of nostalgia" by "depicting textual symbols as aesthetic forms in their own right" and consistency across multiple roguelikes.

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The game has a degree of complexity due to the number of different game systems in place that allow the player to complete certain goals in multiple ways, creating

627: 288: 201: 6517: 2911:, both space exploration games that included randomly generated planets and encounters, and permadeath. Digital Eel based their work on the space exploration game 2442:, developed by Laurence Brothers in the late 1980s, is credited with introducing an overworld concept to the roguelike genre, prior to the feature's appearance in 7320: 5822: 2715: 95: 6380: 3669: 2056:

within the game. He got help from several playtesters as well as another student, Jimmey Wayne Todd, who helped to program a deeper character generation system.

589:, and other attributes. Monsters may drop treasure to be looted. The character dies if they lose all their hit points. As most roguelikes feature the concept of 5723: 2040:, levels were not persistent: when the player left the level and then tried to return, a new level would be procedurally generated. Among other improvements to 148: 2841:(2013) Some games would also take advantage of the ease of developing in the tile-based ASCII interfaces common to roguelikes. For example, the highly popular 751:

is deleted upon resumption or character death. Players can circumvent this by backing up stored game data ("save scumming"), an act that is usually considered

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also uses a fixed-time feature, in that the player had only so many turns to complete a goal, though there were ways to jump back in time as to extend play.

6212: 5223: 2511:(1990), but which lacked the depth of a typical computer-based roguelike. Neither proved to be successful games. There was also the 1991 Japanese exclusive 6677: 6281: 3940: 153: 143: 6484: 3234: 922:, commonly UNIX-based computer mainframes and terminals used at colleges and universities before transitioning to personal computers. Games used a mix of 880:. Some games such as NetHack even have the player's former characters reappear as enemies within the dungeon. Multi-player turn-based derivatives such as 6938: 5404: 828:, called this aspect a sort of "clock", imposing some type of deadline or limitation on how much the player can explore and creating tension in the game. 2682:

games were not as successful in Western markets when published there, as the target players – younger players who likely had not experienced games like

2558: 1389:, enabling him to use graphics and sound as part of the game. The game was considered a success, and when it was ported to the PC in 1983, it out-shone 6146: 4803: 3274: 226: 6314: 4377: 5373: 3788: 853:

The game aimed to provide a tactical challenge that may require players to play through several times to learn the appropriate tactics for survival.

6049: 5340: 4675: 2825:(2015). A subclass of "coffeebreak roguelikes" that could be completed in a short period of time have developed, often derived from entries in the 6235: 5289: 3316: 649:(1980), which bore out many variations due to its success; As of 2015, several hundred games claiming to be roguelikes were available through the 5015: 5624: 5591: 4883: 4652: 4609: 2592:

setting and the character Torneko, helping to make the game familiar to its planned audience and giving a story for the player to follow. While

1907:. Solid lines represent games developed from the parent's source code, while dotted lines represent games that were inspired by the parent game. 1096:, and "that stray a bit further from the genre but still manage to scratch the same itch as a great roguelike". These include games such as the 7399: 5485: 5063: 2903: 2848: 791:, in that every action should be available to the player regardless of where they are in the game. The Interpretation notes that shops like in 245: 6573: 4354: 593:, this represents the end of the game, and the player will need to restart the game with a newly made character. Roguelikes are nearly always 6844: 4914: 4748: 4008: 3890: 3702: 3471: 2953:-based rogue-lite that has up to four players playing in a mixed cooperative/competitive gameplay to explore procedurally generated dungeons. 2550:

and make it "more understandable, more easy-to-play version" of the title that could be played on consoles. This led to the creation of the

6616: 6072: 2215:, inspiring them to create their own version as their class project. Fenlason had created a list of features they wanted to improve upon in 5779: 5548: 3740: 2897: 2602: 2199: 1427: 1244:(1975) believed to be the first dungeon crawl game, and featured random monster encounters, though only used a single fixed dungeon level. 872:

are often shared between players. Some roguelikes allow traces of former player characters to appear in later game sessions in the form of

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for a dragon. Later games would take advantage of colour-based text graphics to increase the variation of creature types, such as a red

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items may vary from run to run. For example, a "bubbly" potion might heal wounds one game, then poison the player character in the next.

6115: 5434: 4169: 3024:. All of these games earned critical praise, and their success has led to a more modern resurgence in rogue-lites since their release. 1129:

In considering the popularity of roguelikes that deviate from the Berlin Interpretation, the rogue-lites, some subgenres have emerged.

5690: 4420: 2891: 2741:, incorporating user interface elements more common to other hack-and-slash games such as a mini-map and a persistent inventory window 1462: 4703: 4309: 1039:. Other titles deriving from roguelike games are based on the observation that the traditional roguelikes are difficult with a steep 7825: 6639: 6344: 5531: 4559: 4476: 3504: 2992: 1046:

Many games with some of the Berlin Interpretation elements call themselves "roguelike", but bear little resemblance to the original

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of a dungeon, with basic equipment such as a simple weapon, armor, torches, and food. Following along the role-playing concept of a

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could be used to improve specific skills, such as weapon proficiency or trap detection. One fork of this would form the basis for

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Monsters have behavior that is similar to the player-character, such as the ability to pick up items and use them, or cast spells.

672:". The Berlin Interpretation set out a set of high-value and low-value factors, basing these lists on five canon roguelike games: 5746: 2360: 562: 221: 1174:, where the player builds their deck over the course of the game, forcing them to plan strategy on the fly. While the 2014 game 7957: 7555: 7480: 7200: 6769: 6540: 4205: 3857: 2138:

variants; at least sixty known variants exist with about a half dozen still under active development. One significant fork was

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led developers to create their own versions of the game, though their efforts were originally limited by the lack of access to

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and was inspired by the game but dismayed at the complexity and elements he found unnecessary or distracting. Biskup created

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but with features that they wanted to see. These versions would be distributed with source code, and along with the original

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s source, which was not released until BSD v4.3 in 1986. These developers resorted to building games from scratch similar to

604:. Many roguelikes include visibility elements, such as a torch to provide illumination to see monsters in nearby squares, or 554: 178: 6870: 5975: 5657: 5154: 4826: 4754: 3824: 2974:, who wanted to take the deep gameplay that is offered by roguelikes and combine it with the ease and pick-up-and-play of a 2243:

without having access to its source code. Fenlason was not able to include all the desired features, and his involvement in

7753: 7475: 7250: 6902: 6736: 4509: 3930: 2273:, showing a town-like area (with buildings indicated by the line symbols) with a river passing through it (the blue tiles) 2049: 123: 6888: 5190: 3408: 2600:

games, it was successful enough for Chunsoft to develop a second title based on a wholly original character and setting,

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such as having a level's layout saved once the player moved off that level. They approached Toy and Arnold at a local

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languages, and cleaning up and modularizing the code so that contributors can better follow where changes can be made.

6370: 5886: 5713: 4075: 3661: 2467: 2131: 1940: 3548: 3198: 2301:, and Janet Walz, another computer hacker. Calling themselves the DevTeam, they began to make major modifications to 2044:, Koeneke included a persistent town at the highest level where players could buy and sell equipment, and the use of 976:

With modern computer systems, users developed alternate means of displaying the game, such as graphical tilesets and

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directly as to be able to rechallenge the same set of levels or share a difficult set of levels with other players.

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game and programming clones of it for various other computer systems. It was also inspired by interactive fiction

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Johnson, Mark R. (2017). "The Use of ASCII Graphics in Roguelikes: Aesthetic Nostalgia and Semiotic Difference".

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generation to increase replayability. Games may include pre-determined levels such as a town level common to the

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introduced new concepts or eschewed other principles that they felt moved the games away from the flavor of what

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Solving the Narrative Paradox in VEs — Lessons from RPGs. Intelligent Virtual Agents: 4th International Workshop

2198:(1982) was developed by Jay Fenlason with help from Kenny Woodland, Mike Thome, and Jonathan Payne, students at 7837: 7407: 7298: 7280: 7133: 6741: 6479: 6446: 6207: 5947: 5914: 4936: 4448: 4039: 3935: 3895: 3862: 3553: 3120: 3079: 2809: 2747: 2737: 2462: 1266: 463: 393: 68: 6809: 5396: 7772: 7462: 7290: 6705: 6240: 6174: 2492: 2203: 2172:) in 2002, which later swapped out the Tolkien and Zelazny fiction setting for a new original one to become 2156: 2068:

by Jim E. Wilson, making the game more portable to a larger variety of computers while fixing various bugs.

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stories. Following Tolkien's fiction, the player's goal was to descend to the depths of Moria to defeat the

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roleplaying, included procedural generation using a modification of the random maze generator from the game

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Though this is not addressed by the Berlin Interpretation, roguelikes are generally single-player games. On

727: 375: 173: 43: 6138: 4795: 3266: 2082:, which this screenshot is from—incorporated a fixed town level where players could buy and sell equipment. 7820: 7815: 7731: 7609: 7384: 7195: 7169: 7123: 6911: 6304: 5516: 5023: 3231: 3008: 2933: 2922: 2751: 2658: 2400:, would gain a devteam to maintain the code and implement updates and patches to avoid excessive forking. 2194: 2107: 1993: 1936: 1599: 1358: 752: 605: 445: 5363: 3798: 2250:

s development concluded after the students had left the school. Fenlason had provided the source code to

1031:

moving away from tile-based movement and turn-based gameplay, often using another gameplay genre such as

930:

characters to visually represent elements of the dungeon levels, creatures, and items on the level as in

7767: 7726: 7502: 7352: 7230: 7161: 6041: 5330: 4443: 4065:

Craddock 2015, Bonus Round: "Excerpt from One Week Dungeons: Diaries of a Seven-Day Roguelike Challenge"

2963: 2092: 1432: 1250: 1170:, where combat is resolved by using cards or an equivalent object. These games are inspired by physical 835:-based gameplay, where the goal is to kill many monsters, and where other peaceful options do not exist. 788: 777: 732: 645: 610: 545:, nearly all roguelikes give the player control of a character, which they may customize by selecting a 281: 7736: 6441: 5279: 3297: 2456:(1995) was created by Linley Henzell and featured a skill-based character progression system, in which 1230: 860:

The game presents the status of the player and the game through numbers on the game's screen/interface.

541: 309: 5012: 4642: 2723:

added a randomly-generated Deep Dungeon that was inspired by the procedural generation of roguelikes.

1304:

is also recognized as the first commercial roguelike game. The game, inspired by Worth's enjoyment of

906: 7830: 7721: 7565: 7361: 7055: 7013: 6202: 5614: 5581: 5048:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 5: "When the Inmates Run the Asylum – Hack-ing at Lincoln-Sudbury High School"

4873: 4514: 3354: 3313: 2710: 2286:(1987). When Mike Stephenson, an analyst at a computer hardware manufacturer, took maintainership of 2236: 2174: 2087: 2017: 1890: 1758: 977: 895: 524: 387: 381: 284: 192: 158: 5495: 5319:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 9: "Wish You Were Here! Questing for Postcards in Ancient Domains of Mystery"

5059: 1178:

is considered the first example of such a video game, the popularity of the genre was cemented with

7587: 7537: 7492: 7325: 7205: 5685: 4415: 4344: 3379: 3350: 3309: 3227: 3194: 2815: 2756: 2477: 2033: 1956: 1292: 984: 966: 770: 594: 429: 318: 168: 85: 3998: 3694: 3375: 3346: 3305: 3190: 3051:

Examples of successful games that have integrated roguelike components into other genres include:

7988: 7930: 7592: 7560: 7435: 7412: 7268: 7238: 7073: 7043: 6774: 6672: 6142: 6013: 5284: 4349: 4174: 4150: 3383: 3161: 3146: 3132:

strong interest in developing roguelikes. The 7 Day Roguelike challenge (7DRL) was born out of a

3115: 3073: 2945: 1944: 1521: 1414: 1193: 1114:, the latter which retains the classic ASCII art-approach to gameplay as traditional roguelikes. 1063: 570: 469: 324: 216: 128: 90: 27: 5558: 3730: 2673:

games and Western roguelikes following the Berlin Interpretation is the lack of permadeath – in

1483:

was "the biggest waste of CPU cycles in history". Its popularity led to the game's inclusion on

1013: 581:, and after earning enough points, the character will gain an experience level, improving their 5086: 3358:

Those people who agree on a name seem to favor "roguelike" as the least of all available evils.

51: 7993: 7906: 7901: 7572: 7518: 7427: 7260: 7220: 7023: 6861: 6840: 6578: 6545: 6413: 6276: 4910: 4744: 4555: 4378:"People who argue about the definition of roguelikes are annoying, but what if they're right?" 4238: 4133: 3510: 3500: 3477: 3467: 3102: 3091: 2418: 2227:, but were refused, forcing them to develop the routines from scratch. The resulting program, 1312:, role-playing elements for the characters, tile-based movement and turn-based combat. Though 1158: 962: 927: 799: 698:

exemplified this by using these criteria to numerically score some seemingly roguelike games;

357: 340:, is considered the forerunner and the namesake of the genre, with derivative games mirroring 337: 333: 273: 4965:"Interview: Author David Craddock on Dungeon Hacks and the fascinating history of roguelikes" 822:

monsters at low level dungeons. Rich Carlson, one of the creators of an early roguelike-like

660:

Some players and developers sought a more narrow definition for "roguelike" as variations on

7983: 7894: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7654: 7649: 7604: 7445: 7210: 7111: 7050: 6990: 6947: 6105: 5881: 4740: 4581: 4142: 3371: 3342: 3301: 3219: 3186: 2921:

but wanted to provide a shorter experience that would be easier to replay, akin to tabletop

2837: 2624: 2457: 2265: 1345: 1204: 1171: 1104: 988: 970: 578: 486: 296: 163: 59: 6837:

Dungeon Hacks: How NetHack, Angband, and Other Roguelikes Changed the Course of Video Games

5680: 4907:

The Game Developer's Dictionary: A Multidisciplinary Lexicon for Professionals and Students

1336:

was packaged and sold by hand by Worth either at local stores or through mail fulfillment.

623: 433:. Since then, with more powerful home computers and gaming systems and the rapid growth of 7952: 7642: 7497: 7118: 7078: 6892: 5553: 5535: 5019: 4321: 2987: 2821: 2731: 2552: 2543: 2501: 2325: 1098: 650: 641: 582: 546: 474: 399: 348: 292: 183: 7714: 7028: 6336: 5813:"Final Fantasy XIV's New 'Deep Dungeon' Will Be Different Than Anything Else In The Game" 5528: 3107: 3096: 2966:, is considered to be a major contribution to the growth of indie-developed rogue-lites. 2867:

featuring a scripted story that uses an ASCII interface and roguelike gameplay elements.

2525:, that centred on four distinct roguelike questlines divided into ten difficulty levels. 6640:"Vampire Survivors: our collective obsession with the quirky, genre-defining indie game" 2388:

would become tainted, causing mutations that could be either detrimental or beneficial.

1234:. Some elements of the roguelike genre were present in dungeon crawlers written for the 7597: 7303: 7187: 7099: 7094: 6985: 6110: 6077: 5368: 5335: 5091: 3793: 3413: 3223: 3151: 3068: 2843: 2652: 2588: 2507: 2045: 2021: 1495:

commercially and were hesitant about releasing it; Toy would go on to meet Jon Lane at

1476: 1208: 1180: 1110: 1040: 1023: 832: 737: 722: 706:

scored highest, earning 57.5 points of 60 available based on the Interpretation, while

694: 586: 550: 457: 2262:

code passed through several hands, and some variants were created by different forks.

2235:

influences, and derived its name from being both a "hack and slash" game as well as a

8012: 7741: 7582: 7523: 7374: 7315: 7106: 7065: 7008: 6874: 6611: 2975: 2874: 2797: 2630: 2356: 2294: 2151: 2106:

s code, they increased the number of levels and monsters, flavored the game based on

1932: 1471:

proved popular with college students and computer researchers at the time, including

1423: 1354: 1141: 1036: 1018: 600:

The player generally has to explore the dungeon to reveal its contents, similar to a

566: 277: 133: 80: 4154: 1365:

campaign he had run himself in the prior years. Before graduating and attending the

1156:. Within action roguelikes have also emerged a minimalistic shooter roguelike, with 847:

The game is based on controlling only a single character throughout one playthrough.

7978: 7940: 7782: 7632: 7550: 7215: 7177: 7138: 7038: 7018: 7000: 6896: 6512: 5854: 4680: 4614: 3591: 3061: 2998: 2979: 2869: 2859: 2768: 2704: 2692: 2533: 2472: 2025: 1472: 1386: 1275: 1235: 1225: 1153: 1116: 969:. Sociologist Mark R. Johnson described these commonality of symbols and glyphs as 941:

character across text-based roguelikes, which had been chosen by the developers of

780:. Gameplay takes place on a uniform grid of tiles. This is usually presented in an 300: 211: 3625: 2940: 2666:

series were popular, and would become a staple of the Japanese video game market.

5647: 4836: 4784:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 4: "There and Back Again: Retrieving the Sword of Fargoal"

4734: 3834: 7889: 7863: 7686: 7659: 7637: 7440: 7389: 7033: 6968: 4878: 4481: 4243: 4210: 3084: 2908: 1488: 1133: 1078: 1032: 6106:"PWYW Pick: SanctuaryRPG blends old-school aesthetics and new-school mechanics" 5466: 3452:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 2: "Procedural Dungeons of Doom: Building Rogue, Part 1"

714:, games commonly compared to roguelikes, earned only about half of the points. 21: 7935: 7911: 7858: 7746: 7450: 7369: 6977: 6885: 6701:"How S.F.'s Supergiant made 'Hades,' one of 2020's most acclaimed video games" 5784: 5751: 5186: 5003:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 3: "Rodney and the Free Market: Building Rogue, Part 2"

3341:

Solovay, Andrew. (July 20, 1993). "3rd RFD: rec.games.roguelike.* hierarchy".

3056: 2913: 2698: 2642: 2517: 2312:, in part due to their collaboration over the game being done through USENET. 1445: 1071: 869: 865: 808: 748: 744: 601: 590: 520: 434: 138: 5140:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 8: "Neapolitan Roguelike: The Many Flavors of Angband"

4146: 3481: 3185:

Solovay, Andrew. (July 27, 1993). "CFV: rec.games.roguelike reorganization".

7709: 7627: 7308: 6644: 6309: 5652: 4708: 4551: 3514: 2927: 2853: 2781: 2384: 2330: 1089: 931: 877: 73: 6574:"Crypt of the NecroDancer pairs roguelike dungeon crawling with DDR rhythm" 5876: 4676:"Vampire Survivors—a cheap, minimalistic indie game—is my game of the year" 2890:

The roguelike genre saw a resurgence in Western markets after 2000 through

961:

could indicate a green dragon that would shoot acid. Players would use the

3370:

Grabiner, David. (March 9, 1998). "RFD: rec.games.roguelike.development".

2202:

at the time, while participating in the school's computer lab overseen by

1903:

The hierarchy of the major Roguelike games that are known to descend from

7973: 7925: 7871: 7797: 7787: 7666: 7379: 6906: 5980: 5159: 4382: 3630: 2971: 2958: 2528: 2512: 2091:(1990) was developed by Alex Cutler and Andy Astrand while attending the 2053: 1496: 1484: 1381:, where they helped him to refine the marketing of the game, renaming it 1349:(1982), developed by Jeff McCord starting in 1979. The game was based on 1297: 439: 404: 6895:– A column about roguelikes and their various aspects by John Harris at 4862:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 1: "The BAM-Like: Exploring Beneath Apple Manor".

2012:

due to computer administrator restrictions, he began trying to recreate

7273: 6337:"IGF awards 2013: FTL acceptance speech for Excellence in Design award" 5849: 5780:"Baroque, Sting's Eerie Roguelike, Comes To iOS With Score Attack Mode" 5718: 5490: 5439: 5251: 5124:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 7: "None Shall Pass: Braving the Mines of Moria"

4831: 4704:"How One Of Gaming's Most Intimidating Genres Spawned A Legion Of Hits" 4035:"@Play 85: A Talk with Digital Eel, Makers of the Infinite Space Games" 4003: 3829: 3735: 2950: 2282: 2111: 1670: 1329: 993: 817: 632: 363: 1430:. The game was inspired by Toy's prior experience in playing the 1971 6865: 5817: 4647: 4610:"Dungeon crawler or looter shooter? Nine video game genres explained" 3133: 2986:"totally revamped my thinking about single-player videogame design". 2831: 2686:– found the lack of a traditional role-playing game save system odd. 2522: 2491:

Through 1993, roguelikes primarily existed in computer space, and no

2220: 2207: 2123: 2029: 2005: 1458: 1374: 1290:, the first known game with the core roguelike gameplay elements was 1274:

to avoid the memory storage issue. Procedural generation led to high

1240: 6916: 3891:"Rogue co-creator: permadeath was never supposed to be 'about pain'" 2379:

from scratch with the aim of creating a more story-driven game than

945:

to stand for "where you're at". Other common examples would include

561:. At the start of the game, the character is placed at the top-most 6801: 5331:"COLUMN: @Play: Larn, Or, I Hocked The Car To Buy A Lance Of Death" 4736:

Dungeons & Desktops: The History of Computer Role-Playing Games

2071: 1203:

The creation of roguelike games came from hobbyist programmers and

7918: 7759: 2939: 2730: 2647: 2495:

variants had yet existed. Two of the earliest-known attempts were

2264: 2070: 1012: 923: 905: 873: 781: 622: 329: 20: 1070:. Associated with their short length, many rogue-lites feature a 5910:"20 years later, David Brevik shares the story of making Diablo" 5247:"Infinite Dungeons, Infinite Death: Tales of Maj'Eyal PC Review" 4969: 4317: 4310:"Going Rogue: A Brief History of the Computerized Dungeon Crawl" 2873:(1992), the game that is considered to be the forerunner of the 2789:, including the nature of randomly generated dungeons and loot. 2496: 1378: 1077:

Several rogue-lites feature daily challenges, in which a preset

657:

RogueBasin tracks hundreds of roguelikes and their development.

654: 6920: 4411:"What the hell is a roguelike? We try to hash out a definition" 4102:"Remembering the best shareware-era DOS games that time forgot" 3972:

Craddock 2015, Chapter 6: "It Takes a Village: Raising NetHack"

1992:(1983) was developed by Robert Alan Koeneke while a student at 1132:

Action roguelikes are typically based on combining gameplay of

6375: 5976:"Dragon Fin Soup: a fairytale roguelike set on a space turtle" 5619: 5586: 5218: 4276: 3662:"Roguelikes: A Unique & Challenging Spin On The RPG Genre" 2537:

series, a series which established fundamental aspects of the

2422:(1986), developed by Noah Morgan, borrowed concepts from both 1964:

could be classified into two branches based on two key games,

523:", a term used in 1990s that later evolved into more generic " 6879: 5364:"COLUMN: @Play: Crawlapalooza Part 1, Skills and Advancement" 5486:"Koichi Nakamura Interview: On the Birth of the Console RPG" 4546:

Bycer, Joshua (2021). "Chapter 9: The Roguelike Confusion".

2099:, they wanted to expand the game even further. Working from 1453:

name of the wizard they envisioned had created the dungeon.

1092:

of being roguelikes or rogue-lites, as they are inspired by

983:

As computers offered more advanced user interfaces, such as

937:

The player's character was nearly always represented by the

7545: 6835:

Craddock, David L (August 5, 2015). Magrath, Andrew (ed.).

6409:"Where I'm @: A Brief Look At The Resurgence of Roguelikes" 6042:"The Best Roguelikes To Play When You're On A Coffee Break" 5747:"One Man's Quest To Bring Mystery Dungeon Games To Android" 4477:"Procedural Death Jam cites Spelunky and FTL as influences" 717:

The Berlin Interpretation defined nine high-value factors:

5517:"Permanece vigente Akira Toriyama gracias a 'Dragon Ball'" 5428: 5426: 5424: 5422: 4170:"Control Dwarf Fortress With Isometric Graphics And Mouse" 3858:"Procedural vs. Randomly Generated Content in Game Design" 2792:

Existing roguelikes continue to be developed: a sequel to

4796:"How Procedural Generation Took Over The Gaming Industry" 2476:(1993) offered randomized dungeons and permadeath within 1440:. While looking for a way to randomize the experience of 630:"Vultures" sprite-based interface for the roguelike game 4345:"Roguelike, Roguelikelike, Roguelikelikelike, Or Rogue?" 3587:"ASCII art + permadeath: The history of roguelike games" 1357:

which he shared locally with friends while a student at

25:

A procedurally-generated dungeon in the 1980 video game

6475:"Postmortem: McMillen and Himsl's The Binding of Isaac" 5155:"The Game Archaeologist: A brief history of roguelikes" 4028: 4026: 1286:

Though the term "roguelike" derives from the 1980 game

6541:"Slay the Spire finally taught me how to build a deck" 5435:"Roguelikes: How a Niche PC RPG Genre Went Mainstream" 2996:(2011), and Kenny and Teddy Lee, the co-developers of 2727:

Continued development in Western markets (2002–onward)

1332:

which many college students had easy access to, while

1136:

within roguelikes instead of the turn-based gameplay.

957:

for a red dragon that would shoot fire, while a green

843:

Low-value factors from the Berlin Interpretation are:

6737:"Devs discuss the past and future of the 'roguelike'" 6508:"Dead Cells review — the apotheosis of the Roguelike" 5044: 5042: 5040: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5032: 3724: 3722: 3720: 3695:"Berlin Interpretation (definition of a "Roguelike")" 1224:

on filesystems without long filenames), and from the

5280:"The Twelve Years Of Nethack: Version 3.6.0 Out Now" 4728: 4726: 3931:"'Roguelikes': Getting to the heart of the it-genre" 2962:(2008), released shortly after the formation of the 2426:(in that there are persistent and fixed levels) and 2408:

Not all early roguelikes were readily classified as

1339:

Another early roguelike whose development pre-dated

7966: 7882: 7846: 7808: 7702: 7695: 7620: 7536: 7511: 7461: 7426: 7398: 7360: 7351: 7289: 7259: 7229: 7186: 7160: 7087: 7064: 6999: 6976: 6967: 6770:"The Many Faces Of Roguelikes: Seven Days Of Rogue" 6265: 6263: 5681:"NDS Review – Mystery Dungeon: Shiren the Wanderer" 2614:series for various platforms, In addition to their 411:, also fall within the concept of roguelike games. 31:, the game after which the roguelike genre is named 5943:"NetHack gets first major update in over a decade" 3534:Craddock 2015, Introduction: "Rodney and Friends". 3267:"On the Historical Origin of the "Roguelike" Term" 2826: 609:treasure within them are generated randomly using 5549:"Japan Votes on All Time Top 100 – Edge Magazine" 4932:"The History of Rogue: Have @ You, You Deadly Zs" 3655: 3653: 3530: 3528: 3526: 3524: 736:pleasing levels. In addition, the appearances of 5714:"Three things to get you excited about Shiren 3" 5315: 5313: 5311: 5309: 5307: 5136: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5120: 5118: 5116: 5114: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4993: 4858: 4856: 4854: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4076:"7 roguelikes that every developer should study" 3992: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3978: 3968: 3966: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3818: 3816: 3549:"@Play 80: Welcome back to the Dungeons of Doom" 2293:s code, he improved it, taking suggestions from 918:Early roguelikes were developed to be played on 6371:"Roguelikes: The Rebirth of the Counterculture" 6364: 6362: 6009:"A Free, Short Roguelike: The Ground Gives Way" 4577:"Before Spelunky and FTL, There Was Only ASCII" 4303: 4301: 4299: 4199: 4197: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3448: 3446: 3444: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3436: 3260: 3258: 3256: 2570: 2434:was aimed to be completed in a single session. 1487:v4.2 in 1984, though at that time, without its 5845:"Nightmare of Druaga: Fushigino Dungeon (PS2)" 4510:"What Separates a Roguelike from a Roguelite?" 3782: 3780: 3778: 2785:and other roguelikes influenced the design of 2716:massively multiplayer online role playing game 2564: 2347:for short, derived from concepts presented in 2052:language allowed him to create a more diverse 1426:and Michael Toy in 1980 while students at the 1248:inspired similar PLATO-based dungeon crawlers 6932: 6730: 6728: 4930:Barton, Matt; Loguidice, Bill (May 9, 2009). 4541: 4539: 4537: 3776: 3774: 3772: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3616: 3614: 3095:which establishes roguelike progression in a 2937:that has elements in common with roguelikes. 2851:, and would serve as a major inspiration for 2182:remains in development today by the devteam. 1931:source, other developers were able to create 1385:, and giving him access to the more powerful 1353:, an earlier title McCord had created on the 246: 8: 6638:Di Benedetto, Antonio G. (August 17, 2023). 4409:Kuchera, Ben; Groen, Andrew (May 13, 2013). 3626:"The 50 most important PC games of all time" 1361:in Kentucky; the game itself was based on a 811:as a weapon to petrify enemies by its touch. 5148: 5146: 5060:"Freeware Game Pick: Brogue (Brian Walker)" 4239:"Cloudy with a chance of being eviscerated" 4206:"Roguelikes Aren't Done With ASCII Art Yet" 3924: 3922: 3920: 3918: 3402: 3400: 3398: 3396: 2895:earliest cited examples of rogue-lites are 2847:(2006) uses the roguelike interface atop a 1007:Rogue-lites and procedural death labyrinths 303:narrative, reflecting their influence from 7699: 7357: 6973: 6939: 6925: 6917: 6402: 6400: 6398: 3789:"COLUMN: @Play: The Berlin Interpretation" 3689: 3687: 3542: 3540: 3409:"Video Games That Embrace Irony and Death" 2746:influence for roguelike concepts, notably 2572:Torneko's Great Adventure: Mystery Dungeon 1166:Another type of roguelike subgenre is the 253: 239: 34: 5214:"A History of Roguelikes in 6 Free Games" 4963:Carmichael, Stephanie (August 12, 2015). 3731:"Rise Of The Roguelikes: A Genre Evolves" 2622:games span various franchises, including 1491:. Toy and Arnold had anticipated selling 490:suggested that with rising popularity of 6572:McWhertor, Michael (September 2, 2013). 4204:Valentin, Christian (October 17, 2016). 2280:would eventually be dropped in favor of 1950:While there are some direct variants of 1328:had advantage of being distributed over 6749:from the original on September 17, 2016 6586:from the original on September 24, 2019 6215:from the original on September 10, 2014 6073:"Where Do Dwarf-Eating Carp Come From?" 5376:from the original on September 24, 2015 5343:from the original on September 24, 2015 5099:from the original on September 24, 2015 4643:"More Games Need Daily Challenge Modes" 4357:from the original on September 15, 2016 3903:from the original on September 24, 2016 3177: 2559:Torneko no Daibōken: Fushigi no Dungeon 1972:, that were developed in the spirit of 1088:further identified games they consider 577:Defeating monsters earns the character 510:, but after three weeks of discussion, 191: 115: 58: 42: 6812:from the original on December 11, 2014 6735:Brightman, John (September 16, 2016). 6473:McMillen, Edmund (November 28, 2012). 6421:from the original on September 3, 2014 6383:from the original on September 3, 2014 6347:from the original on February 16, 2016 6317:from the original on December 24, 2015 6272:"Spelunky: The Everlasting Platformer" 6182:from the original on November 17, 2015 6052:from the original on November 17, 2015 6021:from the original on November 17, 2015 5955:from the original on December 10, 2015 5792:from the original on November 18, 2015 5759:from the original on December 22, 2015 5447:from the original on February 13, 2020 4806:from the original on November 17, 2015 4522:from the original on November 12, 2020 4343:O'Conner, Alice (September 14, 2016). 4251:from the original on November 17, 2013 4237:Nakamura, Darren (November 14, 2013). 3943:from the original on September 2, 2014 3889:Francis, Bryant (September 19, 2016). 3672:from the original on November 16, 2015 3561:from the original on December 18, 2015 3466:. Berlin: Springer. pp. 245–246. 3462:Rouchart, Sandy; Aylett, Ruth (2003). 3421:from the original on November 17, 2015 3265:Zapata, Santiago (November 13, 2017). 3087:-style approach in a roguelike dungeon 3072:, bringing roguelike progression to a 3014:Weird Worlds: Return to Infinite Space 2904:Weird Worlds: Return to Infinite Space 2886:Growth of the rogue-lite (2005–onward) 2849:construction and management simulation 2308:s code. They named their new version 6713:from the original on January 23, 2021 6680:from the original on January 16, 2021 6666:Wiltshire, Alex (February 12, 2020). 6454:from the original on February 5, 2016 6168:Murphy, Stephen (December 26, 2012). 6118:from the original on November 7, 2021 6085:from the original on October 15, 2014 5988:from the original on November 3, 2015 5292:from the original on December 8, 2015 5259:from the original on November 9, 2015 5193:from the original on October 15, 2007 5153:Olivetti, Justin (January 18, 2014). 4874:"RPG Reload File 047 – 'Rogue Touch'" 4674:Zimmerman, Aaron (October 20, 2022). 4655:from the original on November 3, 2015 4641:Klepeck, Patrick (November 2, 2015). 4622:from the original on October 11, 2021 4456:from the original on January 22, 2014 4284:from the original on January 22, 2016 3743:from the original on October 13, 2018 3705:from the original on November 6, 2015 3499:. Lake Geneva, WI: TSR. p. 114. 3319:from the original on November 7, 2021 3277:from the original on October 14, 2018 3237:from the original on January 22, 2011 2531:had gained success by developing the 2110:, the massive fortress controlled by 1888: 1886: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1866: 1860: 1858: 1856: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1846: 1844: 1835: 1826: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1780: 1778: 1776: 1767: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1746: 1737: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1711: 1709: 1707: 1701: 1693: 1691: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1668: 1662: 1660: 1658: 1656: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1640: 1638: 1632: 1624: 1622: 1613: 1611: 1608: 1597: 1571: 1569: 1567: 1565: 1539: 1530: 1519: 1517: 1515: 1513: 1511: 1296:(1978), written by Don Worth for the 7: 6871:rec.games.roguelike Usenet hierarchy 6487:from the original on August 23, 2017 6440:Fischer, Fabian (February 4, 2016). 6284:from the original on January 2, 2016 6270:Frushtick, Russ (October 23, 2012). 5726:from the original on January 2, 2016 5693:from the original on January 2, 2016 5660:from the original on January 2, 2016 5627:from the original on January 2, 2016 5594:from the original on January 2, 2016 5407:from the original on October 3, 2017 5245:Davidson, Pete (December 17, 2013). 4886:from the original on August 26, 2015 4218:from the original on January 4, 2020 4112:from the original on August 10, 2021 4082:from the original on August 10, 2021 3298:"RFD: rec.games.dungeon.* hierarchy" 3216:"Time for a new level of hierarchy?" 2898:Strange Adventures in Infinite Space 2603:Mystery Dungeon: Shiren the Wanderer 2206:. Harvey had been able to acquire a 2200:Lincoln-Sudbury Regional High School 1428:University of California, Santa Cruz 825:Strange Adventures in Infinite Space 16:Subgenre of role-playing video games 6553:from the original on April 28, 2019 6248:from the original on April 13, 2015 5922:from the original on March 19, 2016 5889:from the original on April 29, 2012 5613:Casamassina, Matt (July 25, 2007). 5433:Parish, Jeremy (January 17, 2019). 5226:from the original on April 13, 2014 5212:Spenser, Alex (December 26, 2013). 5087:"Column: @Play: Angband – At Last!" 5066:from the original on April 20, 2015 4047:from the original on March 23, 2016 3870:from the original on March 20, 2020 3638:from the original on April 30, 2019 3599:from the original on March 19, 2020 3585:Moss, Richard C. (March 19, 2020). 2618:titles, many of the other Chunsoft 2016:but specifically flavored with the 6668:"How Hades plays with Greek myths" 6520:from the original on June 14, 2019 6442:"What do you mean, losing is fun?" 6236:"Infinite Caves, Infinite Stories" 6137:Smith, Graham (October 20, 2014). 5825:from the original on June 16, 2016 5467:"Cave Noire – Hardcore Gaming 101" 4827:"The Essential 50 Part 12 – Rogue" 4608:Stuart, Keith (October 11, 2021). 4589:from the original on July 28, 2015 4548:Game Design Deep Dive - Roguelikes 4489:from the original on March 5, 2014 4475:Nakamura, Darren (March 3, 2014). 3787:Harris, John (December 18, 2009). 3729:Hatfield, Tom (January 29, 2013). 3660:Brookes, Tim (September 2, 2013). 3407:Rothman, Joshua (April 22, 2014). 3002:(2012), credit Yu's approach with 2223:conference for the source code to 1463:University of California, Berkeley 1396:s PC release the same year due to 1144:with the roguelike formula, while 14: 6782:from the original on May 13, 2014 6407:Pearson, Dan (January 30, 2013). 6149:from the original on May 24, 2019 5811:Schreier, Jason (June 16, 2016), 5362:Harris, John (January 15, 2010). 5167:from the original on May 18, 2015 5085:Harris, John (January 19, 2008). 4944:from the original on May 12, 2014 4909:. Cengage Learning. p. 338. 4872:Musgrave, Shaun (July 16, 2015). 4757:from the original on May 10, 2017 4442:Doucet, Lars (December 3, 2013). 4390:from the original on June 7, 2021 3999:"The Gateway Guide to Roguelikes" 3296:Solovay, Andrew. (July 2, 1993). 2669:A primary difference between the 2586:was that it used the established 2269:An example of a fixed level from 2164:codebase would be used to create 1022:combines roguelike elements with 299:. Most roguelikes are based on a 276:traditionally characterized by a 7151: 6882:– The Roguelike information wiki 6007:Smith, Adam (October 19, 2015). 5941:Kerr, Chris (December 8, 2015). 5484:Jeremy Parish (August 6, 2012). 5278:Smith, Adam (December 8, 2015). 4444:"On Procedural Death Labyrinths" 4272:"The Evolution of the Roguelike" 4270:Forde, Jack (January 21, 2016). 4182:from the original on May 5, 2015 4011:from the original on May 9, 2015 3929:Nutt, Christian (May 21, 2014). 3214:Panitz, Aliza. (June 18, 1993). 3060:, a roguelike incorporated with 2596:did not sell as well as typical 2546:stated their intent was to take 2361:Technical University of Dortmund 1369:in 1981, he had started work on 965:, using one keypress to enter a 50: 6802:"The 7 Day Roguelike Challenge" 6539:Gilliam, Ryan (June 11, 2019). 6303:Stanton, Rich (July 29, 2013). 6234:Birch, Anthony (July 7, 2009). 6203:"Making a Case for Short Games" 6170:"A Game 20 Years In the Making" 6104:LeRay, Lena (August 24, 2014). 6071:Weiner, Johan (July 24, 2011). 5974:Skyes, Tom (October 31, 2015). 5843:Parish, J (February 11, 2004). 5557:. March 3, 2006. Archived from 5329:Harris, John (April 26, 2008). 4794:Lee, Joel (November 28, 2014). 4702:Gordon, Lewis (June 30, 2022). 4575:Johnson, Mark (July 22, 2015). 4308:Brewer, Nathan (July 7, 2016). 4168:Smith, Graham (June 26, 2014). 4033:Harris, John (March 22, 2016). 3997:Jeremy Parish (April 6, 2015). 3547:Harris, John (March 11, 2015). 3020:as part of their influence for 2771:, acknowledged that games like 2542:Japanese audiences. Chunsoft's 2122:was released to the public via 1503:Following evolution (1980–1995) 1403:s superior graphics and sound. 653:game catalog, and the user-run 485:The term "roguelike" came from 6768:Smith, Adam (March 20, 2012). 6699:Li, Roland (January 3, 2021). 6605:Tack, Daniel (April 6, 2016). 6506:Grubb, Jeff (August 6, 2018). 6369:Mahardy, Mike (July 4, 2014). 6139:"Survival Games Are Important" 5908:Wawro, Alex (March 18, 2016). 4508:Hawkes, Ethan (July 6, 2013). 3856:Bycer, Josh (August 7, 2015). 3825:"Essential 50: Part 12. Rogue" 3036:design" in titles produced by 2231:, stayed true to the original 2150:and altered the theme towards 2078:and its descendants—including 1278:, as no two games were alike. 784:representation of the dungeon. 1: 6201:Carlson, Rich (May 2, 2005). 5778:Spenser (December 27, 2012). 5712:Caoili, Eric (May 28, 2008). 5582:"Shiren Wanders Into America" 4376:Winkie, Luke (June 6, 2021). 2863:(2014) is a more traditional 2827:Seven Day Roguelike Challenge 2556:, with the first title being 1457:was originally executed on a 1228:setting of the tabletop game 1140:is an example of combining a 535:Drawing from the concepts of 124:Social interaction in MMORPGs 6305:"The making of Rogue Legacy" 5877:"The best game ever – Linux" 5646:Lyon, James (May 22, 2008). 3157:Roguelike deck-building game 2865:turn-based role playing game 2355:was originally developed by 2297:, a philosophy professor at 2258:, the maintainership of the 2008:, but without the source to 553:, and gender, and adjusting 435:indie video game development 3106:, a minimalistic roguelike 3040:developers and publishers. 2917:along with roguelikes like 2829:; examples include such as 2571: 1479:had joked at the time that 1320:, it was not as popular as 1125:Subgenres within roguelikes 795:do break this non-modality. 537:tabletop role-playing games 322:predates it, the 1980 game 305:tabletop role-playing games 291:, grid-based movement, and 8040: 7149: 6341:Game Developers Conference 6040:Lee, Joel (July 7, 2014). 5745:Spensor (April 10, 2012). 5679:Day, John (May 27, 2008). 5580:Nix (September 20, 2007). 3624:staff (January 18, 2016). 2539:computer role-playing game 2340:Ancient Domains of Mystery 2299:University of Pennsylvania 2064:) is a close variation on 1412: 1191: 1000:Cataclysm: Dark Days Ahead 949:for monetary treasure and 920:text-based user interfaces 894:do exist and are playable 370:Ancient Domains of Mystery 6959:List of video game genres 6954: 6828:General and cited sources 5397:"Hackin' the Nights Away" 5395:Scorpia (February 1994). 2949:(2014) is a multiplayer, 2748:action role-playing games 2565: 2134:, leading to a number of 1864: 1862: 1840: 1833: 1796: 1794: 1772: 1765: 1723: 1721: 1705: 1703: 1697: 1677: 1654: 1652: 1636: 1634: 1628: 1606: 1591: 1589: 1587: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1579: 1563: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1535: 1528: 1199:Early history (1975–1980) 397:. The Japanese series of 7251:Digital collectible card 5529:ドラクエＶＳファイナルファンタジー　売り上げ対決 4147:10.1177/1555412015585884 3121:action role-playing game 3080:Crypt of the Necrodancer 3064:-style of platform games 2810:Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup 2738:Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup 2662:. Several titles in the 2463:Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup 2363:. After playing through 2319:s major deviations from 2166:Troubles of Middle Earth 1152:are effective roguelike 464:Crypt of the NecroDancer 394:Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup 332:based game that runs in 44:Role-playing video games 7336:Roguelike deck-building 7244:Roguelike deck-building 6706:San Francisco Chronicle 5615:"Nintendo Sales Update" 3376:news.announce.newgroups 3347:news.announce.newgroups 3306:news.announce.newgroups 3191:news.announce.newgroups 2923:beer and pretzels games 2646:, and a crossover with 2637:Pokémon Mystery Dungeon 2157:The Chronicles of Amber 1367:University of Tennessee 1213:Colossal Cave Adventure 831:The game is focused on 154:History of Western RPGs 144:History of Eastern RPGs 5187:"Angband variant list" 5024:Free software magazine 5018:July 26, 2020, at the 4905:Carreker, Dan (2012). 3012:(2012), credited both 3009:FTL: Faster Than Light 2954: 2901:(2002) and its sequel 2892:independent developers 2796:successfully received 2752:Blizzard Entertainment 2742: 2659:Etrian Mystery Dungeon 2453:Linley's Dungeon Crawl 2274: 2083: 1994:University of Oklahoma 1363:Dungeons & Dragons 1359:Henry Clay High School 1306:Dungeons & Dragons 1231:Dungeons & Dragons 1168:roguelike deck-builder 1027: 915: 700:Linley's Dungeon Crawl 682:Linley's Dungeon Crawl 636: 542:Dungeons & Dragons 446:FTL: Faster Than Light 310:Dungeons & Dragons 282:procedurally generated 32: 8019:Roguelike video games 7578:Tactical role-playing 7343:Tactical role-playing 6891:May 15, 2019, at the 6839:. Press Start Press. 6619:on September 24, 2019 5538:from www9.plala.or.jp 5534:July 1, 2010, at the 5401:Computer Gaming World 5022:by Ben Asselstine on 4733:Barton, Matt (2008). 4324:on September 19, 2016 3801:on September 20, 2015 3497:Dungeon Masters Guide 2964:Berlin Interpretation 2943: 2734: 2268: 2146:), which expanded on 2093:University of Warwick 2074: 2004:. Having access to a 1216:(often simply titled 1016: 909: 733:procedural generation 670:Berlin Interpretation 626: 611:procedural generation 512:rec.games.roguelike.* 427:from edge cases like 24: 7958:Vertically scrolling 5885:. January 27, 2000. 5561:on December 26, 2009 4839:on February 28, 2013 3837:on February 28, 2013 3495:Gygax, Gary (1979). 3045:The Binding of Isaac 2993:The Binding of Isaac 2577:(1993) based on the 2478:AD&D 2nd Edition 2233:Dungeons and Dragons 2178:(2009). The vanilla 2130:would become highly 2020:of the same name in 1146:The Binding of Isaac 987:and point-and-click 755:; the developers of 525:first-person shooter 452:The Binding of Isaac 159:Non-player character 7588:Turn-based strategy 7493:Submarine simulator 7299:Action role-playing 7206:Interactive fiction 6607:"Enter the Gungeon" 5471:Hardcore Gaming 101 5403:. pp. 62, 64. 5399:. Scorpion's View. 5013:Freeing an old game 4416:Penny Arcade Report 4320:USA. Archived from 4108:. August 21, 2019. 2990:, the developer of 2934:The Sorcerer's Cave 2816:Dungeons of Dredmor 2594:Torneko no Daibōken 2584:Torneko no Daibōken 2487:games (1993–onward) 2359:while a student at 1996:, inspired by both 1960:, most variants of 1444:, they came across 1334:Beneath Apple Manor 1314:Beneath Apple Manor 1302:Beneath Apple Manor 1293:Beneath Apple Manor 1282:Concurrent variants 1209:text adventure game 574:performed as well. 531:Gameplay and design 508:rec.games.dungeon.* 319:Beneath Apple Manor 289:turn-based gameplay 38:Part of a series on 7989:Video game modding 7931:Nonlinear gameplay 7593:Turn-based tactics 7561:Real-time strategy 6775:Rock Paper Shotgun 6673:Rock Paper Shotgun 6343:. March 28, 2013. 6143:Rock Paper Shotgun 6014:Rock Paper Shotgun 5285:Rock Paper Shotgun 4978:on August 15, 2015 4350:Rock Paper Shotgun 4175:Rock Paper Shotgun 3273:. self-published. 3162:List of roguelikes 3074:deck building game 2955: 2743: 2566:トルネコの大冒険不思議のダンジョン 2275: 2142:(1994) (short for 2084: 1912:The popularity of 1415:Rogue (video game) 1194:List of roguelikes 1028: 916: 708:Toe Jam & Earl 637: 149:History of MMORPGs 129:Character creation 33: 8024:Video game genres 8006: 8005: 8002: 8001: 7994:Video game remake 7902:Emergent gameplay 7573:Real-time tactics 7532: 7531: 7471:Flight simulation 7201:Graphic adventure 7147: 7146: 6948:Video game genres 6903:Roguelike Roundup 6846:978-0-692-50186-3 6414:GamesIndustry.biz 5058:Shaw, Cassandra. 4916:978-1-4354-6082-9 4750:978-1-56881-411-7 4134:Games and Culture 4078:. June 12, 2017. 3473:978-3-540-39396-2 3271:Slashie's Journal 3103:Vampire Survivors 3092:Enter the Gungeon 2970:was developed by 2720:Final Fantasy XIV 2458:experience points 2175:Tales of Maj'Eyal 2018:complex cave maze 1901: 1900: 1891:Tales of Maj'Eyal 1172:living card games 1159:Vampire Survivors 1150:Enter the Gungeon 1105:ToeJam & Earl 800:emergent gameplay 579:experience points 487:Usenet newsgroups 388:Tales of Maj'Eyal 338:terminal emulator 274:role-playing game 263: 262: 8031: 7984:Video game clone 7700: 7696:Related concepts 7503:Vehicular combat 7358: 7231:Digital tabletop 7211:Interactive film 7171:Grand Theft Auto 7162:Action-adventure 7155: 7112:Platform fighter 6991:Platform fighter 6974: 6941: 6934: 6927: 6918: 6912:7 Day Roguelikes 6850: 6822: 6821: 6819: 6817: 6798: 6792: 6791: 6789: 6787: 6765: 6759: 6758: 6756: 6754: 6732: 6723: 6722: 6720: 6718: 6696: 6690: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6663: 6657: 6656: 6654: 6652: 6635: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6624: 6615:. 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Archived from 5840: 5834: 5833: 5832: 5830: 5808: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5775: 5769: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5742: 5736: 5735: 5733: 5731: 5709: 5703: 5702: 5700: 5698: 5676: 5670: 5669: 5667: 5665: 5643: 5637: 5636: 5634: 5632: 5610: 5604: 5603: 5601: 5599: 5577: 5571: 5570: 5568: 5566: 5545: 5539: 5526: 5520: 5519:from Milenio.com 5514: 5508: 5507: 5505: 5503: 5494:. Archived from 5481: 5475: 5474: 5473:. July 13, 2017. 5463: 5457: 5456: 5454: 5452: 5430: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5412: 5392: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5381: 5359: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5348: 5326: 5320: 5317: 5302: 5301: 5299: 5297: 5275: 5269: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5242: 5236: 5235: 5233: 5231: 5209: 5203: 5202: 5200: 5198: 5183: 5177: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5150: 5141: 5138: 5125: 5122: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5082: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5071: 5055: 5049: 5046: 5027: 5026:(March 12, 2007) 5010: 5004: 5001: 4988: 4987: 4985: 4983: 4974:. 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Archived from 3784: 3753: 3752: 3750: 3748: 3726: 3715: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3691: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3657: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3643: 3618: 3609: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3582: 3571: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3544: 3535: 3532: 3519: 3518: 3492: 3486: 3485: 3459: 3453: 3450: 3431: 3430: 3428: 3426: 3404: 3391: 3390: 3367: 3361: 3360: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3326: 3324: 3293: 3287: 3286: 3284: 3282: 3262: 3251: 3250: 3244: 3242: 3211: 3205: 3204: 3182: 2838:Desktop Dungeons 2806: 2766: 2735:A screenshot of 2628:series based on 2576: 2574: 2568: 2567: 2318: 2307: 2292: 2249: 2237:programming hack 2105: 2095:. Having played 1922: 1509: 1508: 1402: 1398:Sword of Fargoal 1395: 1383:Sword of Fargoal 1346:Sword of Fargoal 1238:. This includes 1205:computer hackers 960: 956: 952: 948: 940: 902:Early roguelikes 765: 587:magic capability 513: 509: 346: 297:player character 272:) is a style of 255: 248: 241: 164:Player character 54: 35: 8039: 8038: 8034: 8033: 8032: 8030: 8029: 8028: 8009: 8008: 8007: 7998: 7962: 7953:Twitch gameplay 7878: 7842: 7804: 7691: 7643:Survival horror 7616: 7566:Time management 7528: 7507: 7498:Train simulator 7457: 7422: 7394: 7347: 7285: 7255: 7225: 7182: 7156: 7143: 7083: 7079:Survival horror 7060: 6995: 6963: 6950: 6945: 6893:Wayback Machine 6858: 6853: 6847: 6834: 6830: 6825: 6815: 6813: 6800: 6799: 6795: 6785: 6783: 6767: 6766: 6762: 6752: 6750: 6734: 6733: 6726: 6716: 6714: 6698: 6697: 6693: 6683: 6681: 6665: 6664: 6660: 6650: 6648: 6637: 6636: 6632: 6622: 6620: 6604: 6603: 6599: 6589: 6587: 6571: 6570: 6566: 6556: 6554: 6538: 6537: 6533: 6523: 6521: 6505: 6504: 6500: 6490: 6488: 6472: 6471: 6467: 6457: 6455: 6439: 6438: 6434: 6424: 6422: 6406: 6405: 6396: 6386: 6384: 6368: 6367: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6335: 6334: 6330: 6320: 6318: 6302: 6301: 6297: 6287: 6285: 6269: 6268: 6261: 6251: 6249: 6233: 6232: 6228: 6218: 6216: 6200: 6199: 6195: 6185: 6183: 6167: 6166: 6162: 6152: 6150: 6136: 6135: 6131: 6121: 6119: 6103: 6102: 6098: 6088: 6086: 6070: 6069: 6065: 6055: 6053: 6039: 6038: 6034: 6024: 6022: 6006: 6005: 6001: 5991: 5989: 5973: 5972: 5968: 5958: 5956: 5940: 5939: 5935: 5925: 5923: 5907: 5906: 5902: 5892: 5890: 5875: 5874: 5870: 5860: 5858: 5857:on May 22, 2011 5842: 5841: 5837: 5828: 5826: 5810: 5809: 5805: 5795: 5793: 5777: 5776: 5772: 5762: 5760: 5744: 5743: 5739: 5729: 5727: 5711: 5710: 5706: 5696: 5694: 5678: 5677: 5673: 5663: 5661: 5645: 5644: 5640: 5630: 5628: 5612: 5611: 5607: 5597: 5595: 5579: 5578: 5574: 5564: 5562: 5547: 5546: 5542: 5536:Wayback Machine 5527: 5523: 5515: 5511: 5501: 5499: 5498:on May 12, 2013 5483: 5482: 5478: 5465: 5464: 5460: 5450: 5448: 5432: 5431: 5420: 5410: 5408: 5394: 5393: 5389: 5379: 5377: 5361: 5360: 5356: 5346: 5344: 5328: 5327: 5323: 5318: 5305: 5295: 5293: 5277: 5276: 5272: 5262: 5260: 5244: 5243: 5239: 5229: 5227: 5211: 5210: 5206: 5196: 5194: 5185: 5184: 5180: 5170: 5168: 5152: 5151: 5144: 5139: 5128: 5123: 5112: 5102: 5100: 5084: 5083: 5079: 5069: 5067: 5057: 5056: 5052: 5047: 5030: 5020:Wayback Machine 5011: 5007: 5002: 4991: 4981: 4979: 4962: 4961: 4957: 4947: 4945: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4917: 4904: 4903: 4899: 4889: 4887: 4871: 4870: 4866: 4861: 4852: 4842: 4840: 4824: 4823: 4819: 4809: 4807: 4793: 4792: 4788: 4783: 4770: 4760: 4758: 4751: 4732: 4731: 4724: 4714: 4712: 4701: 4700: 4696: 4686: 4684: 4673: 4672: 4668: 4658: 4656: 4640: 4639: 4635: 4625: 4623: 4607: 4606: 4602: 4592: 4590: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4562: 4545: 4544: 4535: 4525: 4523: 4515:Hard Core Gamer 4507: 4506: 4502: 4492: 4490: 4474: 4473: 4469: 4459: 4457: 4441: 4440: 4436: 4426: 4424: 4423:on June 7, 2013 4408: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4375: 4374: 4370: 4360: 4358: 4342: 4341: 4337: 4327: 4325: 4307: 4306: 4297: 4287: 4285: 4269: 4268: 4264: 4254: 4252: 4236: 4235: 4231: 4221: 4219: 4203: 4202: 4195: 4185: 4183: 4167: 4166: 4162: 4130: 4129: 4125: 4115: 4113: 4100: 4099: 4095: 4085: 4083: 4074: 4073: 4069: 4064: 4060: 4050: 4048: 4032: 4031: 4024: 4014: 4012: 3996: 3995: 3976: 3971: 3956: 3946: 3944: 3928: 3927: 3916: 3906: 3904: 3888: 3887: 3883: 3873: 3871: 3855: 3854: 3850: 3840: 3838: 3822: 3821: 3814: 3804: 3802: 3786: 3785: 3756: 3746: 3744: 3728: 3727: 3718: 3708: 3706: 3693: 3692: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3659: 3658: 3651: 3641: 3639: 3620: 3619: 3612: 3602: 3600: 3584: 3583: 3574: 3564: 3562: 3546: 3545: 3538: 3533: 3522: 3507: 3494: 3493: 3489: 3474: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3451: 3434: 3424: 3422: 3406: 3405: 3394: 3369: 3368: 3364: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3322: 3320: 3295: 3294: 3290: 3280: 3278: 3264: 3263: 3254: 3240: 3238: 3224:rec.games.moria 3213: 3212: 3208: 3184: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3170: 3143: 3129: 2988:Edmund McMillen 2888: 2822:Dragon Fin Soup 2804: 2800:in 2012, while 2764: 2729: 2680:Mystery Dungeon 2675:Mystery Dungeon 2671:Mystery Dungeon 2664:Mystery Dungeon 2620:Mystery Dungeon 2612:Mystery Dungeon 2562: 2553:Mystery Dungeon 2544:Koichi Nakamura 2502:Fatal Labyrinth 2489: 2485:Mystery Dungeon 2406: 2326:Terry Pratchett 2316: 2305: 2290: 2247: 2191: 2144:Zelazny Angband 2103: 2046:data structures 1985: 1941:object-oriented 1920: 1910: 1909: 1908: 1894: 1830: 1762: 1743: 1688: 1674: 1619: 1603: 1525: 1505: 1422:was written by 1417: 1411: 1400: 1393: 1284: 1201: 1196: 1190: 1127: 1009: 958: 954: 950: 946: 938: 904: 857:Interpretation. 763: 642:text-based game 619: 533: 511: 507: 483: 400:Mystery Dungeon 344: 293:permanent death 259: 184:Threefold model 17: 12: 11: 5: 8037: 8035: 8027: 8026: 8021: 8011: 8010: 8004: 8003: 8000: 7999: 7997: 7996: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7970: 7968: 7964: 7963: 7961: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7948:Side-scrolling 7945: 7944: 7943: 7938: 7928: 7923: 7916: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7898: 7897: 7886: 7884: 7880: 7879: 7877: 7876: 7875: 7874: 7869: 7856: 7850: 7848: 7844: 7843: 7841: 7840: 7835: 7834: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7812: 7810: 7806: 7805: 7803: 7802: 7801: 7800: 7795: 7793:Climate change 7790: 7780: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7764: 7763: 7751: 7744: 7739: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7719: 7712: 7706: 7704: 7697: 7693: 7692: 7690: 7689: 7684: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7663: 7662: 7652: 7647: 7646: 7645: 7635: 7630: 7624: 7622: 7618: 7617: 7615: 7614: 7613: 7612: 7610:Grand strategy 7602: 7601: 7600: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7570: 7569: 7568: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7542: 7540: 7534: 7533: 7530: 7529: 7527: 7526: 7521: 7515: 7513: 7509: 7508: 7506: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7489: 7488: 7483: 7478: 7467: 7465: 7459: 7458: 7456: 7455: 7454: 7453: 7448: 7438: 7432: 7430: 7424: 7423: 7421: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7404: 7402: 7396: 7395: 7393: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7377: 7372: 7366: 7364: 7355: 7349: 7348: 7346: 7345: 7340: 7339: 7338: 7328: 7326:Monster-taming 7323: 7318: 7313: 7312: 7311: 7306: 7304:Looter shooter 7295: 7293: 7287: 7286: 7284: 7283: 7278: 7271: 7265: 7263: 7257: 7256: 7254: 7253: 7248: 7247: 7246: 7235: 7233: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7198: 7192: 7190: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7180: 7175: 7166: 7164: 7158: 7157: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7144: 7142: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7130: 7129: 7116: 7115: 7114: 7104: 7103: 7102: 7100:Hack and slash 7091: 7089: 7085: 7084: 7082: 7081: 7076: 7070: 7068: 7062: 7061: 7059: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7047: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7026: 7021: 7016: 7011: 7005: 7003: 6997: 6996: 6994: 6993: 6988: 6986:Endless runner 6982: 6980: 6971: 6965: 6964: 6962: 6961: 6955: 6952: 6951: 6946: 6944: 6943: 6936: 6929: 6921: 6915: 6914: 6909: 6900: 6883: 6877: 6868: 6857: 6856:External links 6854: 6852: 6851: 6845: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6823: 6793: 6760: 6742:Game Developer 6724: 6691: 6658: 6630: 6597: 6564: 6531: 6498: 6480:Game Developer 6465: 6447:Game Developer 6432: 6394: 6358: 6328: 6295: 6259: 6226: 6208:Game Developer 6193: 6160: 6129: 6111:IndieGames.com 6096: 6078:New York Times 6063: 6032: 5999: 5966: 5948:Game Developer 5933: 5915:Game Developer 5900: 5868: 5835: 5803: 5770: 5737: 5704: 5671: 5638: 5605: 5572: 5540: 5521: 5509: 5476: 5458: 5418: 5387: 5369:Game Set Watch 5354: 5336:Game Set Watch 5321: 5303: 5270: 5237: 5204: 5178: 5142: 5126: 5110: 5092:Game Set Watch 5077: 5050: 5028: 5005: 4989: 4955: 4937:Game Developer 4922: 4915: 4897: 4864: 4850: 4817: 4786: 4768: 4749: 4722: 4694: 4666: 4633: 4600: 4567: 4560: 4533: 4500: 4467: 4449:Game Developer 4434: 4401: 4368: 4335: 4295: 4262: 4229: 4193: 4160: 4141:(2): 115–135. 4123: 4093: 4067: 4058: 4040:Game Developer 4022: 3974: 3954: 3936:Game Developer 3914: 3896:Game Developer 3881: 3863:Game Developer 3848: 3812: 3794:Game Set Watch 3754: 3716: 3683: 3649: 3610: 3572: 3554:Game Developer 3536: 3520: 3505: 3487: 3472: 3454: 3432: 3392: 3362: 3333: 3288: 3252: 3206: 3176: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3165: 3164: 3159: 3154: 3152:Random dungeon 3149: 3142: 3139: 3128: 3125: 3119:, a roguelite 3112: 3111: 3099: 3088: 3076: 3069:Slay the Spire 3065: 2887: 2884: 2844:Dwarf Fortress 2728: 2725: 2653:Etrian Odyssey 2589:Dragon Quest 4 2508:Dragon Crystal 2488: 2482: 2405: 2404:Other variants 2402: 2190: 2184: 2022:J.R.R. Tolkien 1984: 1978: 1933:software forks 1902: 1899: 1897: 1896: 1887: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1855: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1841: 1838: 1837: 1836:Other Variants 1834: 1832: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1806: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1781: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1773: 1770: 1769: 1768:Other Variants 1766: 1764: 1755: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1745: 1735: 1733: 1732: 1730: 1728: 1726: 1724: 1722: 1720: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1710: 1708: 1706: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1695: 1694: 1692: 1690: 1683: 1681: 1680:Other Variants 1678: 1676: 1666: 1664: 1663: 1661: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1649: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1612: 1610: 1609:Other Variants 1607: 1605: 1595: 1594: 1592: 1590: 1588: 1586: 1584: 1582: 1580: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1572: 1570: 1568: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1552: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1531:Other Variants 1529: 1527: 1518: 1516: 1514: 1512: 1507: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1477:Dennis Ritchie 1413:Main article: 1410: 1405: 1283: 1280: 1200: 1197: 1189: 1186: 1181:Slay the Spire 1126: 1123: 1111:Dwarf Fortress 1056:roguelike-like 1041:learning curve 1008: 1005: 971:semiotic codes 903: 900: 878:grave markings 862: 861: 858: 854: 851: 848: 841: 840: 836: 833:hack and slash 829: 812: 796: 785: 774: 767: 749:stored session 743:The game uses 741: 723:random dungeon 721:The game uses 695:Game Set Watch 618: 615: 532: 529: 482: 479: 458:Slay the Spire 407:, inspired by 328:, which is an 261: 260: 258: 257: 250: 243: 235: 232: 231: 230: 229: 224: 219: 214: 209: 204: 196: 195: 189: 188: 187: 186: 181: 176: 171: 166: 161: 156: 151: 146: 141: 136: 131: 126: 118: 117: 113: 112: 111: 110: 105: 100: 99: 98: 88: 86:Monster-taming 83: 78: 77: 76: 63: 62: 56: 55: 47: 46: 40: 39: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8036: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8016: 8014: 7995: 7992: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7971: 7969: 7965: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7942: 7939: 7937: 7934: 7933: 7932: 7929: 7927: 7924: 7922: 7921: 7917: 7915: 7914: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7896: 7893: 7892: 7891: 7888: 7887: 7885: 7881: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7866: 7862: 7861: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7851: 7849: 7845: 7839: 7838:Single-player 7836: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7818: 7817: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7807: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7785: 7784: 7781: 7779: 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7762: 7761: 7757: 7756: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7749: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7717: 7713: 7711: 7708: 7707: 7705: 7701: 7698: 7694: 7688: 7685: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7661: 7658: 7657: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7644: 7641: 7640: 7639: 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7625: 7623: 7619: 7611: 7608: 7607: 7606: 7603: 7599: 7596: 7595: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7583:Tower defense 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7567: 7564: 7563: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7543: 7541: 7539: 7535: 7525: 7524:Immersive sim 7522: 7520: 7517: 7516: 7514: 7510: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7487: 7484: 7482: 7479: 7477: 7474: 7473: 7472: 7469: 7468: 7466: 7464: 7460: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7443: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7433: 7431: 7429: 7425: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7413:City-building 7411: 7409: 7406: 7405: 7403: 7401: 7397: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7367: 7365: 7363: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7350: 7344: 7341: 7337: 7334: 7333: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7316:Dungeon crawl 7314: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7301: 7300: 7297: 7296: 7294: 7292: 7288: 7282: 7281:Tile-matching 7279: 7277: 7276: 7272: 7270: 7269:Hidden object 7267: 7266: 7264: 7262: 7258: 7252: 7249: 7245: 7242: 7241: 7240: 7239:Deck-building 7237: 7236: 7234: 7232: 7228: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7193: 7191: 7189: 7185: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7172: 7168: 7167: 7165: 7163: 7159: 7154: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7128: 7126: 7122: 7121: 7120: 7117: 7113: 7110: 7109: 7108: 7105: 7101: 7098: 7097: 7096: 7093: 7092: 7090: 7086: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7074:Battle royale 7072: 7071: 7069: 7067: 7063: 7057: 7054: 7052: 7049: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7031: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7002: 6998: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6983: 6981: 6979: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6966: 6960: 6957: 6956: 6953: 6949: 6942: 6937: 6935: 6930: 6928: 6923: 6922: 6919: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6904: 6901: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6887: 6884: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6875:Google Groups 6872: 6869: 6867: 6863: 6860: 6859: 6855: 6848: 6842: 6838: 6833: 6832: 6827: 6811: 6807: 6803: 6797: 6794: 6781: 6777: 6776: 6771: 6764: 6761: 6753:September 16, 6748: 6744: 6743: 6738: 6731: 6729: 6725: 6712: 6708: 6707: 6702: 6695: 6692: 6679: 6675: 6674: 6669: 6662: 6659: 6647: 6646: 6641: 6634: 6631: 6623:September 23, 6618: 6614: 6613: 6612:Game Informer 6608: 6601: 6598: 6590:September 23, 6585: 6581: 6580: 6575: 6568: 6565: 6557:September 23, 6552: 6548: 6547: 6542: 6535: 6532: 6524:September 23, 6519: 6515: 6514: 6509: 6502: 6499: 6486: 6482: 6481: 6476: 6469: 6466: 6453: 6449: 6448: 6443: 6436: 6433: 6420: 6416: 6415: 6410: 6403: 6401: 6399: 6395: 6382: 6378: 6377: 6372: 6365: 6363: 6359: 6346: 6342: 6338: 6332: 6329: 6316: 6312: 6311: 6306: 6299: 6296: 6283: 6279: 6278: 6273: 6266: 6264: 6260: 6247: 6243: 6242: 6237: 6230: 6227: 6214: 6210: 6209: 6204: 6197: 6194: 6181: 6177: 6176: 6171: 6164: 6161: 6148: 6144: 6140: 6133: 6130: 6117: 6113: 6112: 6107: 6100: 6097: 6084: 6080: 6079: 6074: 6067: 6064: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6036: 6033: 6020: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6003: 6000: 5987: 5983: 5982: 5977: 5970: 5967: 5954: 5950: 5949: 5944: 5937: 5934: 5921: 5917: 5916: 5911: 5904: 5901: 5888: 5884: 5883: 5878: 5872: 5869: 5856: 5852: 5851: 5846: 5839: 5836: 5824: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5807: 5804: 5791: 5787: 5786: 5781: 5774: 5771: 5758: 5754: 5753: 5748: 5741: 5738: 5725: 5721: 5720: 5715: 5708: 5705: 5692: 5688: 5687: 5686:Worth Playing 5682: 5675: 5672: 5659: 5655: 5654: 5649: 5642: 5639: 5626: 5622: 5621: 5616: 5609: 5606: 5593: 5589: 5588: 5583: 5576: 5573: 5560: 5556: 5555: 5550: 5544: 5541: 5537: 5533: 5530: 5525: 5522: 5518: 5513: 5510: 5497: 5493: 5492: 5487: 5480: 5477: 5472: 5468: 5462: 5459: 5446: 5442: 5441: 5436: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5423: 5419: 5406: 5402: 5398: 5391: 5388: 5375: 5371: 5370: 5365: 5358: 5355: 5342: 5338: 5337: 5332: 5325: 5322: 5316: 5314: 5312: 5310: 5308: 5304: 5291: 5287: 5286: 5281: 5274: 5271: 5258: 5254: 5253: 5248: 5241: 5238: 5225: 5221: 5220: 5215: 5208: 5205: 5192: 5188: 5182: 5179: 5166: 5162: 5161: 5156: 5149: 5147: 5143: 5137: 5135: 5133: 5131: 5127: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5115: 5111: 5098: 5094: 5093: 5088: 5081: 5078: 5065: 5061: 5054: 5051: 5045: 5043: 5041: 5039: 5037: 5035: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5014: 5009: 5006: 5000: 4998: 4996: 4994: 4990: 4977: 4973: 4971: 4966: 4959: 4956: 4943: 4939: 4938: 4933: 4926: 4923: 4918: 4912: 4908: 4901: 4898: 4885: 4881: 4880: 4875: 4868: 4865: 4859: 4857: 4855: 4851: 4838: 4834: 4833: 4828: 4821: 4818: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4790: 4787: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4769: 4756: 4752: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4737: 4729: 4727: 4723: 4711: 4710: 4705: 4698: 4695: 4683: 4682: 4677: 4670: 4667: 4654: 4650: 4649: 4644: 4637: 4634: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4611: 4604: 4601: 4588: 4584: 4583: 4578: 4571: 4568: 4563: 4561:9781000362046 4557: 4553: 4549: 4542: 4540: 4538: 4534: 4521: 4517: 4516: 4511: 4504: 4501: 4488: 4484: 4483: 4478: 4471: 4468: 4455: 4451: 4450: 4445: 4438: 4435: 4422: 4418: 4417: 4412: 4405: 4402: 4389: 4385: 4384: 4379: 4372: 4369: 4361:September 14, 4356: 4352: 4351: 4346: 4339: 4336: 4328:September 15, 4323: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4296: 4283: 4279: 4278: 4273: 4266: 4263: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4240: 4233: 4230: 4217: 4213: 4212: 4207: 4200: 4198: 4194: 4181: 4177: 4176: 4171: 4164: 4161: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4135: 4127: 4124: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4097: 4094: 4081: 4077: 4071: 4068: 4062: 4059: 4046: 4042: 4041: 4036: 4029: 4027: 4023: 4010: 4006: 4005: 4000: 3993: 3991: 3989: 3987: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3979: 3975: 3969: 3967: 3965: 3963: 3961: 3959: 3955: 3942: 3938: 3937: 3932: 3925: 3923: 3921: 3919: 3915: 3907:September 28, 3902: 3898: 3897: 3892: 3885: 3882: 3869: 3865: 3864: 3859: 3852: 3849: 3836: 3832: 3831: 3826: 3819: 3817: 3813: 3800: 3796: 3795: 3790: 3783: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3767: 3765: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3755: 3742: 3738: 3737: 3732: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3717: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3690: 3688: 3684: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3656: 3654: 3650: 3637: 3633: 3632: 3627: 3623: 3617: 3615: 3611: 3598: 3594: 3593: 3588: 3581: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3560: 3556: 3555: 3550: 3543: 3541: 3537: 3531: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3521: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3506:0-935696-02-4 3502: 3498: 3491: 3488: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3469: 3465: 3458: 3455: 3449: 3447: 3445: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3433: 3420: 3416: 3415: 3410: 3403: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3384: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3366: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3337: 3334: 3330: 3318: 3314: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3292: 3289: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3236: 3232: 3229: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3210: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3181: 3178: 3172: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3126: 3124: 3122: 3118: 3117: 3109: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3098: 3094: 3093: 3089: 3086: 3083:which uses a 3082: 3081: 3077: 3075: 3071: 3070: 3066: 3063: 3059: 3058: 3054: 3053: 3052: 3049: 3046: 3041: 3039: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3010: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2995: 2994: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2960: 2952: 2948: 2947: 2942: 2938: 2936: 2935: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2915: 2910: 2906: 2905: 2900: 2899: 2893: 2885: 2883: 2881: 2876: 2875:survival game 2872: 2871: 2866: 2862: 2861: 2856: 2855: 2850: 2846: 2845: 2840: 2839: 2834: 2833: 2828: 2824: 2823: 2818: 2817: 2812: 2811: 2803: 2799: 2798:crowd funding 2795: 2790: 2788: 2784: 2783: 2778: 2774: 2770: 2763: 2759: 2758: 2753: 2749: 2740: 2739: 2733: 2726: 2724: 2722: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2712: 2707: 2706: 2701: 2700: 2695: 2694: 2687: 2685: 2681: 2676: 2672: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2660: 2655: 2654: 2649: 2645: 2644: 2639: 2638: 2633: 2632: 2631:Final Fantasy 2627: 2626: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2608:over 25 games 2605: 2604: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2573: 2561: 2560: 2555: 2554: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2535: 2530: 2526: 2524: 2520: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2509: 2504: 2503: 2498: 2494: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2475: 2474: 2469: 2465: 2464: 2459: 2455: 2454: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2420: 2416:descendants. 2415: 2411: 2403: 2401: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2371:, he came to 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2357:Thomas Biskup 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2341: 2336: 2333: 2332: 2327: 2322: 2315: 2311: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2295:Izchak Miller 2289: 2285: 2284: 2279: 2272: 2267: 2263: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2196: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2181: 2177: 2176: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2158: 2153: 2152:Roger Zelazny 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2116: 2113: 2109: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2089: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1991: 1990: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1919: 1915: 1906: 1898: 1893: 1892: 1871: 1869: 1843: 1839: 1829: 1809: 1807: 1775: 1771: 1761: 1760: 1742: 1741: 1736: 1734: 1700: 1696: 1687: 1673: 1672: 1667: 1665: 1631: 1627: 1618: 1617: 1602: 1601: 1596: 1593: 1577: 1575: 1574: 1561: 1553: 1551: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1534: 1524: 1523: 1510: 1502: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1434: 1429: 1425: 1424:Glenn Wichman 1421: 1416: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1399: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1371:GammaQuest II 1368: 1364: 1360: 1356: 1355:Commodore PET 1352: 1348: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1294: 1289: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1276:replayability 1271: 1269: 1268: 1264:(1978), and 1263: 1262: 1257: 1253: 1252: 1247: 1243: 1242: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1198: 1195: 1187: 1185: 1183: 1182: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1155: 1154:shooter games 1151: 1147: 1143: 1142:platform game 1139: 1135: 1130: 1124: 1122: 1119: 1118: 1113: 1112: 1107: 1106: 1101: 1100: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1080: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1059: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1044: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1025: 1021: 1020: 1019:Abyss Odyssey 1015: 1011: 1006: 1004: 1002: 1001: 996: 995: 990: 986: 981: 979: 974: 972: 968: 964: 944: 935: 933: 929: 925: 921: 914:in ASCII mode 913: 908: 901: 899: 897: 893: 892: 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200: 199: 198: 197: 194: 190: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 170: 167: 165: 162: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 135: 134:Dialogue tree 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 121: 120: 119: 114: 109: 106: 104: 101: 97: 94: 93: 92: 89: 87: 84: 82: 81:Dungeon crawl 79: 75: 72: 71: 70: 67: 66: 65: 64: 61: 57: 53: 49: 48: 45: 41: 37: 36: 30: 29: 23: 19: 7979:Toys-to-life 7919: 7912: 7864: 7809:Player modes 7773:Personalized 7758: 7747: 7715: 7621:Other genres 7551:Auto battler 7519:Falling-sand 7481:Lunar Lander 7330: 7291:Role-playing 7274: 7216:Visual novel 7178:Metroidvania 7170: 7124: 7056:Third-person 7029:Shoot 'em up 7014:First-person 6897:GameSetWatch 6836: 6814:. Retrieved 6806:Rogue Temple 6805: 6796: 6784:. Retrieved 6773: 6763: 6751:. Retrieved 6740: 6715:. Retrieved 6704: 6694: 6684:February 12, 6682:. Retrieved 6671: 6661: 6651:September 9, 6649:. Retrieved 6643: 6633: 6621:. Retrieved 6617:the original 6610: 6600: 6588:. Retrieved 6577: 6567: 6555:. Retrieved 6544: 6534: 6522:. Retrieved 6513:Venture Beat 6511: 6501: 6491:December 20, 6489:. Retrieved 6478: 6468: 6456:. Retrieved 6445: 6435: 6423:. Retrieved 6412: 6385:. Retrieved 6374: 6349:. Retrieved 6331: 6321:December 23, 6319:. Retrieved 6308: 6298: 6288:December 23, 6286:. Retrieved 6275: 6250:. Retrieved 6241:The Escapist 6239: 6229: 6217:. Retrieved 6206: 6196: 6186:November 14, 6184:. Retrieved 6175:The Escapist 6173: 6163: 6151:. Retrieved 6132: 6120:. Retrieved 6109: 6099: 6087:. Retrieved 6076: 6066: 6056:November 16, 6054:. Retrieved 6045: 6035: 6025:November 16, 6023:. Retrieved 6012: 6002: 5990:. Retrieved 5979: 5969: 5957:. Retrieved 5946: 5936: 5924:. 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Retrieved 3209: 3201: 3180: 3130: 3114: 3113: 3108:shoot 'em up 3101: 3097:shoot 'em up 3090: 3078: 3067: 3062:Metroidvania 3055: 3050: 3044: 3043:McMillen of 3042: 3028: 3026: 3021: 3017: 3013: 3007: 3003: 2999:Rogue Legacy 2997: 2991: 2983: 2982:stated that 2980:Jason Rohrer 2967: 2957: 2956: 2944: 2932: 2926: 2918: 2912: 2902: 2896: 2889: 2879: 2870:UnReal World 2868: 2860:SanctuaryRPG 2858: 2852: 2842: 2836: 2830: 2820: 2819:(2011), and 2814: 2808: 2801: 2793: 2791: 2786: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2769:David Brevik 2761: 2755: 2744: 2736: 2718: 2709: 2705:Shining Soul 2703: 2697: 2693:Azure Dreams 2691: 2688: 2683: 2679: 2674: 2670: 2668: 2663: 2657: 2651: 2641: 2635: 2629: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2601: 2598:Dragon Quest 2597: 2593: 2587: 2583: 2582:benefit for 2579:Dragon Quest 2578: 2557: 2551: 2547: 2534:Dragon Quest 2532: 2527: 2516: 2506: 2500: 2493:home console 2490: 2484: 2473:Dungeon Hack 2471: 2461: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2407: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2338: 2337: 2329: 2320: 2313: 2309: 2302: 2287: 2281: 2277: 2276: 2270: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2244: 2240: 2239:to recreate 2232: 2228: 2224: 2216: 2212: 2204:Brian Harvey 2193: 2192: 2186: 2179: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2155: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2127: 2119: 2117: 2100: 2096: 2086: 2085: 2079: 2075: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2041: 2037: 2032:, akin to a 2026:Middle Earth 2013: 2009: 2001: 1997: 1987: 1986: 1980: 1973: 1969: 1965: 1961: 1955: 1951: 1949: 1939:, including 1928: 1924: 1917: 1913: 1911: 1904: 1889: 1827: 1757: 1738: 1685: 1669: 1614: 1598: 1520: 1492: 1480: 1473:Ken Thompson 1468: 1467: 1454: 1441: 1437: 1431: 1419: 1418: 1407: 1397: 1390: 1387:Commodore 64 1382: 1370: 1362: 1350: 1344: 1340: 1338: 1333: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1291: 1287: 1285: 1272: 1265: 1259: 1255: 1249: 1245: 1239: 1236:PLATO system 1229: 1226:high fantasy 1221: 1217: 1211: 1202: 1179: 1175: 1165: 1157: 1149: 1145: 1137: 1134:action games 1131: 1128: 1117:Ars Technica 1115: 1109: 1103: 1097: 1093: 1085: 1084: 1076: 1068:Rogue Legacy 1067: 1060: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1045: 1033:action games 1029: 1017: 1010: 998: 992: 982: 975: 942: 936: 917: 911: 889: 885: 881: 870:leaderboards 863: 842: 823: 816: 803: 792: 787:The game is 776:The game is 769:The game is 760: 756: 726: 716: 711: 707: 703: 699: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 659: 644: 638: 631: 620: 617:Key features 599: 576: 540: 534: 515: 503: 499: 495: 491: 484: 468: 462: 456: 450: 444: 438: 428: 424: 420: 416: 413: 408: 398: 392: 386: 380: 374: 368: 362: 356: 353:sprite-based 341: 323: 317: 315: 308: 301:high fantasy 269: 265: 264: 108:Tactical RPG 102: 26: 18: 7895:Hypercasual 7816:Multiplayer 7732:Educational 7682:Programming 7677:Photography 7650:Incremental 7446:Kart racing 7390:Virtual pet 7221:Walking sim 7196:Escape room 7095:Beat 'em up 7034:Bullet hell 6458:February 4, 6122:November 6, 5992:November 4, 5959:December 8, 5451:January 17, 5411:November 9, 5296:December 8, 5197:January 18, 4879:TouchArcade 4687:October 27, 4659:November 4, 4626:October 12, 4482:Destructoid 4288:January 22, 4244:Destructoid 4211:Kill Screen 3642:January 18, 3281:October 14, 3085:rhythm game 3034:Skinner Box 2909:Digital Eel 2835:(2013) and 2767:s creator, 2505:(1990) and 2343:(1994), or 2060:(short for 2048:within the 2034:boss battle 1937:data typing 1489:source code 1310:Dragon Maze 1176:Dream Quest 1079:random seed 1037:platformers 1024:beat 'em up 997:(2017) and 910:A level in 557:points and 514:, based on 8013:Categories 7936:Open world 7847:Production 7768:Nonviolent 7451:Sim racing 7418:Government 7353:Simulation 7044:Twin-stick 6978:Platformer 6880:Roguebasin 6862:Roguelikes 6816:August 31, 6786:August 31, 6425:August 30, 6387:August 30, 6351:January 1, 6219:August 31, 6089:August 30, 5785:Siliconera 5752:Siliconera 4982:August 31, 4222:January 4, 4116:August 10, 4086:August 10, 3947:August 30, 3699:RogueBasin 3414:New Yorker 3168:References 3057:Dead Cells 3029:100 Rogues 2976:platformer 2914:Starflight 2907:(2005) by 2699:Dark Cloud 2518:Cave Noire 2062:UNIX Moria 2036:. As with 2006:VAX-11/780 1954:, such as 1459:VAX-11/780 1446:Ken Arnold 1351:GammaQuest 1192:See also: 1090:edge cases 1066:, such as 1064:boss fight 1052:rogue-lite 866:multi-user 809:cockatrice 778:grid-based 771:turn-based 745:permadeath 602:fog of war 595:turn-based 591:permadeath 583:hit points 555:attributes 521:Doom clone 349:character- 270:rogue-like 217:Roguelikes 179:Statistics 139:GNS theory 69:Action RPG 7722:Christian 7710:Advergame 7598:Artillery 7331:Roguelike 7309:Soulslike 7188:Adventure 7024:Light gun 6717:March 25, 6645:The Verge 6310:Eurogamer 6153:August 7, 6046:MakeUseOf 5926:March 18, 5653:Eurogamer 4800:MakeUseOf 4709:The Verge 4552:CRC Press 4051:March 22, 3874:March 19, 3841:March 29, 3747:April 24, 3666:MakeUseOf 3603:March 19, 3482:166468859 3372:Newsgroup 3343:Newsgroup 3302:Newsgroup 3220:Newsgroup 3187:Newsgroup 3173:Citations 3127:Community 2928:Deathmaze 2854:Minecraft 2782:Telengard 2640:based on 2385:overworld 2331:Discworld 2208:PDP-11/70 1998:Adventure 1945:scripting 1442:Adventure 1438:Adventure 1433:Star Trek 1316:predated 1218:Adventure 1184:in 2017. 1163:enemies. 1026:gameplay. 978:Isometric 932:ASCII art 891:Crossfire 868:systems, 789:non-modal 628:Isometric 403:games by 266:Roguelike 202:Free MMOs 174:RPG terms 103:Roguelike 74:Soulslike 60:Subgenres 7974:Minigame 7926:Masocore 7872:Fan game 7742:Licensed 7667:Non-game 7538:Strategy 7408:Business 7107:Fighting 7066:Survival 7051:Tactical 6907:Kuro5hin 6889:Archived 6810:Archived 6780:Archived 6747:Archived 6711:Archived 6678:Archived 6584:Archived 6551:Archived 6518:Archived 6485:Archived 6452:Archived 6419:Archived 6381:Archived 6345:Archived 6315:Archived 6282:Archived 6246:Archived 6213:Archived 6180:Archived 6147:Archived 6116:Archived 6083:Archived 6050:Archived 6019:Archived 5986:Archived 5981:PC Gamer 5953:Archived 5920:Archived 5887:Archived 5861:July 14, 5829:June 16, 5823:archived 5790:Archived 5757:Archived 5724:Archived 5691:Archived 5658:Archived 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2813:(2006), 2760:(1996). 2529:Chunsoft 2513:Game Boy 2466:(2006). 2162:ZAngband 2140:ZAngband 2054:bestiary 1828:ZAngband 1497:Olivetti 1485:BSD UNIX 1298:Apple II 1258:(1978), 1254:(1975), 1138:Spelunky 1102:series, 1086:US Gamer 1072:metagame 1003:(2013). 963:keyboard 886:MAngband 753:cheating 571:monsters 539:such as 440:Spelunky 405:Chunsoft 334:terminal 307:such as 280:through 7941:Sandbox 7783:Serious 7716:Bishōjo 7633:Fitness 7605:Wargame 7463:Vehicle 7436:Fishing 7375:Farming 7275:Sokoban 7139:Stealth 7125:Pac-Man 7001:Shooter 6579:Polygon 6546:Polygon 6277:Polygon 5893:May 28, 5850:1UP.com 5719:Joystiq 5491:1UP.com 5440:USGamer 5252:USGamer 4832:1UP.com 4715:July 2, 4427:July 1, 4394:June 6, 4004:USGamer 3830:1UP.com 3736:GameSpy 3380:Usenet: 3374:: 3351:Usenet: 3345:: 3323:May 17, 3310:Usenet: 3304:: 3241:May 17, 3228:Usenet: 3222:: 3195:Usenet: 3189:: 2951:brawler 2919:NetHack 2880:NetHack 2802:NetHack 2777:NetHack 2711:Baroque 2643:Pokémon 2625:Chocobo 2610:in the 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