Roh Moo-hyun - Knowledge (XXG)

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influence peddling. The investigation soon expanded to encompass Roh Moo-Hyun's aides, as well as other members of his family. As the investigation closed in on Roh's former secretary, Chung Sang-Moon, Roh announced on his website that "The accusation should be directed at our household, not Chung. Our household made the request, received money and used it." At the same time, Roh claimed that he himself had not known of the money transfer before his retirement. By May 2009, prosecutors had summoned Roh's wife, son, and eventually the former president himself on suspicion of receiving 1 million dollars in bribes from Park Yeon-Cha, a businessman close to the ex-President. Roh was subject to initial written questioning by prosecutors, before direct questioning, prior to which he apologized again to the public and stated that "he was overwhelmed by shame."

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boosted support for the opposition Party (itself formed when Roh's then unpopularity made it a liability to be associated with him), giving them enough leverage to demand that President Lee Myung-bak apologize for the "politically motivated" investigation they claimed caused Roh's death, and discipline those responsible. Support for the opposition party increased to 28.3%, outpolling the ruling GNP at 23.5%. The Democratic Party also decided to block the scheduled opening of the National Assembly until the Lee Myung-bak government accepted responsibility for Roh's suicide. The chief prosecutor in Roh's bribery case also resigned. A year after Roh died, his autobiography was published by his personal and political fellows. Based on Roh's previous books, unpublished draft, notes, letters and interviews, it follows Roh's life from birth to death.

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stagnated. At the same time regulations proliferated, investment capital exited the country, unemployment (especially among the young) increased, wealthy students flocked overseas as the education system stagnated, and housing prices in Seoul soared far beyond the reach of the average citizen. Roh responded by dismissing criticism as "shameless mudslinging," and touted the achievements of his government in increasing national competitiveness, strengthening the economy. This somewhat cavalier attitude led to his Uri Party suffering consecutive defeats in the Assembly, before eventually collapsing. Roh's unpopularity had become a liability for his party, and a new party was needed to disassociate from him. The Uri Party would thus be revamped and renamed as the

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the prosecutor's office without consulting the personnel committee, and Roh answered that "The current members of the personnel committee themselves represent the old prosecution which has to be changed, if we do not change now, it would sustain the old prosecution at least few months." Three months into his presidency, he commented about the opposition problem, stating "I'm worrying the opposition that maybe I cannot continue the presidency while I get that much of it." That comment was quoted partly by conservative media, ('I cannot continue the presidency') and Roh was beset by skepticism about his ability and experience. Roh set the tone of his administration with a number of adventurous policies, and measures to uncover and reveal the names of the

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were enraged at Roh holding that his party was not really different from the conservative opposition. The Grand National Party, enjoying relatively strong approval rate but still bent on revenge for the party's defeat in major elections, repeatedly declined to initiate a negotiation for the coalition. While the Uri Party grudgingly supported the President's proposal, a lawmaker defected from the party in protest of Roh's plan, and the loss of popularity was felt when the party suffered yet another complete defeat in the by-election on 26 October 2005, this time including one of the party's stronghold electoral districts. Roh's plan was scrapped, having failed to garner support from either political faction.

2078:, ostensibly to relieve congestion. Roh had made this promise during his campaign, and pursued its fulfillment, despite convincing few voters outside the Chungcheong region of the benefits of the move. After much controversy, the Constitutional Court obviated Roh's plans by ruling that the relocation of the capital was unconstitutional because it 'opposes the custom that has to be considered as the constitution', thus inflicting a huge blow to Roh's political standing. Roh's plan was then amended to the creation of an "administrative capital," though this plan has also not yet seen completion. The issue of the proposed "administrative capital" remains controversial as of 2010 in plans for 2698: 2806: 2779: 2664: 6992: 6986: 2387:, former leader of the ruling Saenuri Party, "The Roh Moo-hyun administration proposed that the U.S. define Japan as a hypothetical enemy," at the Korea-U.S. Security Consultative Meeting in Seoul in October 2005. "President Roh proposed it because the general public had bad feelings against Japan and Korea had a territorial dispute over the Dokdo islets with Japan, Washington was very embarrassed since it had hoped Korea and Japan would go hand-in-hand as free and democratic countries. A hypothetical enemy in English implies a main enemy." 2752: 75: 2725: 2833: 665:. He ran a duck farm and lived an ordinary life, sharing it through his blog. He also ran a website called "Democracy 2.0" to promote healthy online discussions. Fourteen months later, Roh was suspected of bribery by prosecutors, and the subsequent investigations attracted public attention. Roh committed suicide on 23 May 2009 when he jumped from a mountain cliff behind his home, after saying that "there are too many people suffering because of me" on a 2431:

the legal procedure". Roh further added, "What I have to do now is bow to the nation and apologize. From now on, the name Roh cannot be a symbol of the values you pursue. I'm no longer qualified to speak about democracy and justice.... You should abandon me." Despite these appeals, Roh continued to deny all knowledge of the receipt of money by his family from Park Yeon-Cha, in contradiction to Park's testimony. Roh refused cross-examination with Park.

2820: 2213: 458: 955: 1923: 3068: 2651: 1911: 2221: 709:. His parents had three boys and two girls, and Roh was the youngest of his family. In 1953, he entered Dae Chang Elementary School. He received high grades, but was quite often absent from school to assist his parents. While in sixth grade, with the encouragement of his school teacher, he became the president of the school. As he entered Jin-yeong middle school, a writing contest was held to commemorate 619:(people in their thirties, when the term was coined, who had attended university in the 1980s and who were born in the 1960s). This generation had been veterans of student protests against authoritarian rule and advocated a conciliatory approach towards North Korea, even at the expense of good relations with the United States. Roh himself was the first South Korean president to be born after the end of 2712: 2685: 2129: 878:. At the meeting, Kim Dae-jung welcomed Roh and his party saying "Today is a very pleasant day. That pleasure is not only because we now work together, but also because I could relieve a burden in my mind that I have been carrying (since we separated)." Roh returned to office in 1998, when Lee Myung-bak resigned his seat because of a violation of election law, winning a seat in the ensuing 2448:. He sustained serious head injuries and was sent by car to Seyoung hospital nearby at 7:20 am and moved to Busan University Hospital at around 8:15 am and pronounced dead at around 9:30 am (00:30 GMT). Police investigators ruled out conspiracy theories surrounding the death of Roh. According to police, Roh switched on his computer and typed a hastily worded suicide note. 2766: 2739: 2793: 2054: 2536: 2311:, concerning its negative impact on South Korea-U.S. relations. They were discussing comprehensive measures to cope with the unprecedented incident, including issuance of presidential messages of apology and plans to prevent possible harassment of South Koreans living in the United States. Roh issued two messages of condolence already on 17 April 2007. 2260:. The American soldiers involved were tried by a U.S. Army court martial, but the Roh administration continued to demand a South Korean trial, although the incident occurred 'on duty' (as part of a convoy) and thus was an American responsibility under the Status of Forces Agreement between the United States and South Korea. 2021: "Our Open Party"). Directly ahead of the National Assembly elections, Roh voiced support for the Uri Party, which constituted a technical violation of Constitutional provisions mandating presidential impartiality. After Roh refused to apologize, led by the opposition parties holding the majority, the Assembly voted to 3054: 2464:, stated that "President Roh Moo-hyun loved Koreans more than any other presidents During the unfair investigation, he suffered from all sorts of humiliation, chagrin, deception, and defamation, which left him no option but to commit suicide before his countryman to show his innocence." The 10th president, 2543:

Roh's public funeral involved Buddhist and Catholic rites. Hundreds of thousands of supporters turned out to pay their respects in memorial shrines erected around the country, as did President Lee Myung-bak and numerous other prominent politicians. Sporadic violent demonstrations in Seoul immediately

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On 7 April 2009, Chung Sang-Moon, the former secretary of Roh Moo-hyun, was arrested on charges. In early 2009, allegations of corruption had begun to surface regarding the former President's family and aides, eventually leading to the indictment of Roh's elder brother Roh Gun-Pyeong on suspicion of

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Roh's ambitious initial promises to establish Korea as an international business hub in Asia faded soon after his election. Instead, Korea under Roh suffered negative publicity in the foreign business community due to prosecutorial investigations on the purchase and sale of Korea Exchange Bank by the

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Roh's characteristically self-righteous stance resulted in harsh condemnation of the ex-President for hypocrisy. In response to the pervasive criticism upon Roh's bribery charges, he stated on his website, "I have lost my moral cause just with the facts I have so far admitted. The only thing left is

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In one speech to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Korea's "June Struggle" for democracy, Roh vehemently attacked critics who described him as incompetent, stating, "They even deal out the absurd rhetoric that they would rather have a corrupt administration than an inept one while openly revealing

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Roh got public attention when he participated in candidate election of his party. The candidate election itself also got high public attention because it allowed the vote not only from the party members, but also the local citizens. At first, his approval rate was 10%, allowing much gap with leading

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Roh's suicide followed the suicides of a number of high-profile figures under corruption investigations in Korea in recent years, including the former secretary of Prime Minister Kim Young-chul, former Busan mayor Ahn Sang-Young (who died by suicide while in prison), Park Tae-young, former governor

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In contrast to scandals involving previous presidents, who reportedly used illicit funds close to $ 500 million to finance political campaigns and their family activities, Roh's family had to use borrowed funds close to $ 1.5 million from a friend for personal use, such as the payment of

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Kang Kum-won was another Roh's long time supporter whose business was under thorough investigation by The Supreme Prosecutors' Office (SPO). Even if Kang was Roh's closest long time supporter, he did not expand his business during Roh's presidency to avoid unnecessary suspicion of special benefits.

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Roh's proposal for the grand coalition stirred yet another national controversy. Many called his plan "reckless and completely ignorant" of the sentiments of people still ailing from repeated political controversies and economic hardships. Many of the Uri party's supporters who identify as liberals

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As a result of the controversy concerning the capital, and public dissatisfaction of economic development, Uri party lost much of its popularity. When the Uri party was defeated in by-elections held on 30 April 2005, losing every one of the 23 electoral districts, Uri Party lost its majority in the

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crisis, Roh introduced additional 1~3% of property tax on real estate exceeding 600 million won (about 600,000US$ ). This efficiently slowed down the bubble, but this policy met high opposition from the richest who had to pay higher tax. At the same time, Roh also increased welfare spending by

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him for illegal electioneering on 12 March 2004. The vote was 193–2 (Uri Party members abstained from the vote). Roh's supporters physically blocked the motion for three days in open combat, and had to be hauled out by security guards. Roh's executive power was suspended pending a final decision by

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I am in debt to so many people. I have caused too great a burden to be placed upon them. I can't begin to fathom the countless agonies down the road. The rest of my life would only be a burden for others. I am unable to do anything because of poor health. I can't read, I can't write. Do not be too

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As his policy for eradicating corruption inside the government had included many administrative reforms, he had to face high opposition. During the reformation of the prosecution, to resolve the opposition, he suggested a TV forum. The prosecutors insisted that Roh appointed the major positions of

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and a plan to form a coalition with the opposition, made little progress. Because of his poor performance in economy and diplomacy, Roh was not a popular president, having the worst approval rating on average ever recorded in South Korean political history. His economic policy was often criticized

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One of Roh's biggest accomplishments was revising regulations for political fundraising, which even one of his harshest critics praises. Before the revision, previous presidential candidates received more than $ 300 million hush money from leaving president to run the presidential campaign.

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Roh's suicide resulted in a sudden positive shift in domestic perception towards the late President, leading Kim Dong-gil, one of the conservative figures to comment, "How could he become an instant saint upon his suicide?" Perceptions of an excessive investigation on Roh's alleged improprieties

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In an address to the nation on 25 April 2006 regarding disputes over the Liancourt Rocks, Roh reaffirmed that he didn't seek another apology from Japan, but demanded that Japan take action in compliance with its past apologies. The then-Prime Minister of Japan Junichiro Koizumi characterized the

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with the opposition Grand National Party. Roh's rationale was that since it was impossible to continue his presidency with an approval rate of around 20 percent, a grand coalition comprising the Uri party and the Grand National Party was desirable, and that the difference between both parties in

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factory worker Lee Seok-Kyu, who had been killed by a stray police tear gas bullet while on strike. Roh was accused of 'unapproved interference in the case' and 'hindering the funeral'. Although he was released in twenty days because of public opinion against the arrest, his lawyer's license was

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on his computer. About 4 million people visited Roh's hometown Bongha Village in the week following his death. His suicide was confirmed by police. Public opinion on Roh has improved considerably since his death, which has taken into account his human rights background and national economic

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On 14 May 2004, the Constitutional Court overturned the impeachment decision, restoring Roh as president. After the incident, Roh joined the Uri party as a member, officially making the Uri party as the ruling party. It was the first time that a liberal party achieved a majority in the National

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literature. Following this he decided to become a human rights lawyer. In early 2003, he was quoted as saying, "After that defense, my life was totally changed. At first, even I couldn't believe that they had been tortured that harshly. However, when I saw their horrified eyes and their missing

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in South Korean politics, culminating in his election to the presidency. He achieved a large following among younger internet users, which aided his success in the presidential election. Roh's election was notable for the arrival in power of a new generation of Korean politicians, the so-called

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With the controversies concerning the capital, perceptions of neglect and mismanagement of the economy had grown. Although exports performed at record levels and the economy grew, growth still lagged behind both the previous administration and the rest of the world, while the domestic economy

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The National Assembly's attempt to impeach Roh was largely opposed by the public. From 12 March 2004, to 27 March, protest against the impeachment motion was led by 'citizen's movement for eradicating corruption'. According to the police, 50,000 people gathered to protest on 13 March alone.

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executive. Roh himself had been sued by the widow of former Daewoo E&C head Nam Sang-Guk for allegedly making defamatory comments that drove her husband to throw himself off of a bridge. Roh's suicide was followed later in the year by the suicide of another politician, the Mayor of

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their true colors as forces of corruption and the security-driven dictatorships of the past. What's more, they label the democratic forces as being inept, plotting to rise to power on the back of the nostalgia for the development-oriented dictatorships of the past."

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18% a year, and drastically increased spending by increasing the size of the civil service by more than 95,700 new hires, or approximately 60 people a day. Criticism of lax discipline among the civil service and police force was high during his government.

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with a narrow 2% margin of victory. At 2003, right before his inauguration, he described his plan as "I will root the method of discussion inside the government.", and added, "discussion should be familiarized until we are called 'Republic of discussion'."

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Although Roh's popularity had hovered around 30%, the impeachment was taken as a power struggle against the political reform and the choice of the citizen, and Roh's popularity went up soon after the assembly's vote to impeach Roh. The results of the

2403:, a small village in his hometown. This marked a break with previous custom, where former presidents retired to heavily guarded houses in Seoul. Bongha – a village of 121 people – became a major tourist attraction due to Roh's presence. 2350:, in the hope of maintaining a friendly relationship between the two countries. Although Roh's proclamation was made in good faith, some expressed concern that Japan may have interpreted this as the termination of its responsibility for the 1994:

Also in his first year in office, Roh announced S Korea's Free Trade Agreement Policy Roadmap. Roh successfully pushed for free trade agreements in spite of domestic opposition from his traditional leftist constituency (who denounced it as

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died on 18 August 2009 of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Former Prime Minister Han Myung-suk and others claimed that the investigation of Roh's corruption case leading to his death was President Lee's political revenge and murder.

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by carrying out peacekeeping and other reconstruction-related tasks. Roh explained the deployment as only a peacekeeping mission and claimed that such commitment was required to bring favor from the United States in resolving the

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However, except for the policy toward the North Korea, Roh was supportive toward the United States. Roh endeavored to improve relations with North Korea, becoming the first president to cross the border by foot and meeting

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toenails, my comfortable life as a lawyer came to an end. I became a man that wanted to make a difference in the world." With fellow human rights lawyers, he pointed out that this case was forged, then claimed that the

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Roh Moo-Hyun was found seriously injured on the morning of 23 May 2009 after apparently jumping from a 45-meter (150 ft) cliff known as Bueong'i Bawi (lit. Owl's Rock) behind his rural home in his home village of

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The remainder of Roh's term was characterized by a number of campaigns pursued to varying degrees of success and completion. One of the more successful campaigns (at least during his term) was Roh's pursuit of an

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sad. Isn't life and death all a part of nature? Do not be sorry. Do not feel resentment toward anyone. It is fate. Cremate me. And leave only a small tombstone near home. I've thought on this for a long time.

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On 4 December 2008, Roh Moo-hyun's elder brother, Roh Gun-Pyeong, was indicted on charges of illegally taking 3 million won ($ 3,000) from former Daewoo Engineering & Construction and imprisoned.

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Roh dubbed his administration the "Participatory Government," and entered office intent on introducing an ambitious new agenda. Policy goals for the Roh administration included the continuance of the

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In January 2010, dissatisfaction with the poor electoral showing of the minority Democratic Party, and a posthumous reappraisal of Roh Moo-hyun's presidency spurred the creation of a new party, the "

2620:. She officially made clear "succession of Roh's policy". Although his policy was regarded as failure when he was in the position, it has been reevaluated as liberal and nationalistic, compared to 1988: 1991:. The investigations, criticized by opposition parties as a covert means of attacking them, and coming too late to provide substantive redress, mostly resulted in damage to his own party members. 7368: 2339:

South Korea's relationship with Japan was in a healthy condition when Roh entered office. However, his first visit to the neighboring country in 2003 was scheduled on a date that coincided with

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During Roh's initial campaign for the presidency, civilians donated their piggy banks raising close to $ 1.2 million, but not enough to match about $ 12 million his opponent raised.

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were absent. The funeral started from his hometown, Bong-Ha village, with his body transported to Seoul via a hearse, with a convoy with his family moving together. Then, he was cremated in

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Roh's investigation for corruption came after he had campaigned on pledges to "clean up the presidency," and root out corruption, while condemning his opponents as hopelessly corrupt.

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In 2000, Roh was appointed Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries under Kim Dae-jung, and this position would constitute his major government experience prior to the presidency.

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before the presidential race, which was not a handicap during the presidential campaign. Public antipathy to the United States was prevalent in 2002, particularly evoked by the

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terms of political agendas was actually minute. Roh promised he would yield much of his power and might even resign from office if a grand coalition was successfully launched.

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Roh's pre-presidential political career was focused on human rights advocacy for student activists in South Korea. His electoral career later expanded to a focus on overcoming

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As a part of his balanced national development campaign to reverse the concentration of wealth in Seoul, Roh also pursued a plan to relocate the capital 100 miles away to

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during his administration. However, despite high expectations at the beginning of his presidency, Roh encountered strong opposition from both the opposition conservative

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Roh Moo-Hyun decided to become a lawyer due to the influence of his elder brother who had studied law but had died in a car accident. Roh studied on his own to pass the

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Lone Star Fund, spurring foreign investors to join their domestic counterparts in leaving the country. When housing prices soared, to prevent speculative bubble like

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exam in 1975 (South Korea does not currently require bar examinees to have graduated from college, university, or law school). In 1977, he became a regional judge in

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In 1985 he started to participate in civic movements by assuming permanent power of attorney on behalf of the Busan council of citizen democracy. He opposed the

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posted an article that alleging that Roh was a politician with hidden wealth. Roh sued the company for defamation and won, but lost the election for his seat.

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In 2010, a year after his death, the politicians who were Roh's aides won the local elections and became the provincial government heads. In January 2012,

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Having lost his seat in the 1992 Assembly elections, he later ran for the mayorship of Busan in 1995, where he lost again. Shortly after the election,

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were harshly criticized in South Korea, and Roh declared no further meetings with Koizumi would take place unless he stopped visiting the shrine.

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On the 10th anniversary of his passing, former US President George W. Bush paid respects at the annual memorial ceremony for Roh Moo-hyun.

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was the strongest during his administration since 1997. Due to the strong currency, for the first time in history, South Korea became the

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National Assembly. Facing the outcome of his unpopularity, Roh took a rather strange measure to manage the government when he proposed a

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The police report stated that the suicide note apologized for making "too many people suffer" and requested that his body be cremated.

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Roh founded the new party with Lee Bu-Yeong, Lee Chul, Kim Won-Gi, and Kim Jeong-Gil, but before the presidential election, after the

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Despite Roh's hope, relations with Japan deteriorated henceforth, in several areas of conflict such as compensation issues for

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However, his parole was denied during the investigation despite his terminal illness of brain cancer until Roh's death.

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in Korean politics, but was defeated. His defeat in the election, however, proved fortuitous when his supporters formed

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who had been one of the prime ministers in Roh's tenure was elected party leader of the biggest opposition party,

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and his ashes were buried in his hometown in accordance with his will, which was recorded on the suicide note.

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In April 2007, Roh presided over an emergency meeting of his aides to discuss the diplomatic fallout from the

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revoked after the incident in political retribution. His lawyer's license was reinstated and he, along with

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to South Korea revealed that Roh Moo-hyun expressed concerns how the US government mistreated North Korea.

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surrounding the investigation against Roh that led to his suicide. In his book, Lee acknowledged that the

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In February 2006, Roh announced that South Korea would initiate negotiations with the United States for a

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and media, and he was frequently accused of incompetence. As a result, many of Roh's policies, such as a

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candidate Lee In-Jae, but Roh constantly earned much supporters by his notable speeches, especially in

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poll, Roh was cited as the most popular president in South Korean history amongst the general public.

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at the time of its release, and was the second-highest grossing South Korean film of 2013 behind

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A State Funeral was held from May 23, 2009, to May 29, 2009, and it was attended by President

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He was ranked first in the 2019 Gallup South Korea survey asking for the greatest president.

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had intentionally released overly sensational stories about President Roh's bribery charges.

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Roh and his supporters left the Millennium Democratic Party in 2003 to form a new party, the

6682: 5945: 5614: 5459: 4940: 4256: 4246: 3758: 3556:한국인이 좋아하는 40가지 [사람편] – 스포츠선수/가수/탤런트/영화배우/예능방송인·코미디언/소설가/역대대통령/기업인/존경하는인물 (2004–2019) 3059: 2354:, and use it as an excuse to deny any claims for compensation that may arise in the future. 2249: 1980: 1713: 1149: 1139: 1034: 1024: 634: 6239: 6123: 5055: 3621: 2212: 658:

for persisting with certain obsolete economic views and failing certain livelihood issues.

6719: 6671: 6535: 6297: 6271: 6101: 6075: 5999: 5911: 5883: 5857: 5841: 5813: 5797: 5779: 5751: 5589: 5563: 5433: 5392: 5201: 5138: 5112: 5086: 4972: 4769: 4739: 4713: 4683: 4653: 4360: 4280: 3706: 3652: 3525: 3073: 2516: 2384: 2377: 2366: 2346:

During the visit, Roh proclaimed he would not seek any more apologies from Japan over its

2269: 2191: 1972: 1695: 1674: 1219: 1214: 1129: 1079: 1014: 864: 768: 599: 585: 5271:"Former President Roh investigated of bribery only 14 months after his term's conclusion" 5224:"Roh Moo-hyun apologizes for his wife's implication in the Park Yeon-cha bribery scandal" 2628:, who had severely criticized Roh's policy, said that "Roh became a myth (of our age)." 7114: 7080: 7033: 6966: 5408: 4923:"Statements of Condolences by President Roh Moo-hyun of Korea (Virginia Tech Massacre)" 2825: 2613: 2539:

Sidewalk memorial for Roh set up across the street from Seoul City Hall on 8 July 2009.

2520: 2286: 2237: 2233: 2225: 2063: 2059: 1872: 1776: 1571: 1511: 1389: 1334: 1234: 1229: 1007: 806: 683: 616: 433: 345: 223: 126: 4211: 4188: 3776: 3067: 2860:

is a dramatic adaptation of Roh's early human rights law career. It became the eighth

954: 7252: 7225: 7216: 7211: 7207: 7189: 7155: 7025: 6870: 6855: 6769: 6482: 5404: 5274: 5227: 5037: 4546: 4332: 4306: 3864: 3762: 3466: 3118:

served as acting president during Roh's suspension from 12 March 2004 to 14 May 2004.

3086: 2621: 2524: 2496: 2488: 2472: 2465: 2358: 2308: 2112: 1996: 1761: 1656: 1622: 1565: 1369: 1364: 1344: 1339: 1289: 1274: 1194: 1159: 1111: 1101: 1096: 920: 913: 886: 857: 813: 788: 757: 748: 254: 158: 5318: 4303:"Korean labor group to hold anti-free trade agreement rallies in U.S. in early June" 3489: 3487: 3485: 3278: 7193: 7147: 7090: 7017: 7009: 6971: 6962: 6896: 6834: 2857: 2852: 2625: 2568:". This party was created to "revive the spirit of former President Roh Moo-hyun." 2552: 2484: 2461: 2445: 2400: 2318: 2293:'s presence in the capital unnecessary and harming its reputation and development. 1756: 1639: 1379: 1359: 1329: 1314: 1304: 1284: 1269: 1254: 1239: 1224: 1189: 1002: 841: 727:

In 1981, he defended students who had been tortured for suspicion of possession of

710: 671: 666: 662: 199: 187: 146: 131: 121: 5714: 5345: 2256:, where two South Korean middle school girls were crushed to death by a U.S. Army 1910: 912:, and the result of poll that Roh's approval rate was 41.7%, 1.1% higher than the 6025:"S Korea's opposition party demands president's apology for ex-president's death" 4543:"Roh condemns opposition presidential hopefuls, says economy in stable condition" 874:

Subsequently, Roh reconciled with Kim when he endorsed his candidacy in the 1997

7221: 7185: 7029: 6976: 6932: 6021: 5033: 3734: 3589: 2996: 2656: 2500: 2476: 2321:

described Roh as "anti-American and probably a little crazy" in his book titled

2265: 2128: 2079: 2022: 1976: 1750: 1354: 1319: 1299: 1279: 1264: 1259: 1249: 1244: 1204: 1106: 1019: 879: 832: 698: 654: 366: 33: 3030:]. Roh Moo-hyun's Complete Works (in Korean). Vol. 6. Paju: Dolbegae. 2949:———————— (22 September 2009). 2042:

showed public support for him, with the Uri Party winning a majority of seats.

7095: 6586:"George W. Bush honors former President Roh Moo-hyun in South Korea - UPI.com" 6207: 6146: 5659: 5641: 4378: 4004: 3890: 3836: 3808: 3049: 2972:———————— (27 November 2009). 2903:———————— (30 November 2001). 2480: 2241: 1394: 1384: 1309: 1199: 772: 728: 491: 2926:———————— (15 October 2002). 2581:) is established for researching and promoting Roh Moo-hyun's social ideas. 2282: 2008: 1808: 1586: 751:. The same year he was jailed while investigating the cause of death of the 740: 717: 638: 411: 17: 4922: 4251: 4234: 2289:, a rural area far away from the capital or major cities, as he deemed the 743:

in place at the time in South Korea, and participated in the pro-democracy

2995:———————— (26 April 2010). 7061: 7044:• Yi Dong-nyeong • Song Byung-jo • Yi Dong-nyeong • Kim Ku • Syngman Rhee 7037: 6796: 6563: 6183: 2273: 1771: 1069: 706: 702: 5968:"Police nab 72 after protests erupt following Roh rites-INSIDE Korea J…" 5532:"Roh chides prosecutors for lack of courtesy, refutes bribe charges-IN…" 4261: 2535: 1999:") and various groups (particularly farmers) opposed to market opening. 7237:

indicate an acting president • † Impeached, but restored to office • ‡

7202: 3115: 2717: 2690: 2529: 2094:, and is currently the main opposition party in the National Assembly. 2027: 1831: 1209: 979: 721: 116: 916:, candidate of the opponent party, convinced the voters of his party. 771:

while continuing to identify as a Catholic, though later years he was

544: 7041: 6626: 4955:"Gates: America Prevented A 'Very Dangerous Crisis' In Korea In 2010" 2744: 1644: 898: 687: 507: 4516: 3196: 2624:'s authoritarian and pro-US policy. Even a conservative professor, 4899:. The 'Peace & Freedom' Web Site. 18 April 2007. Archived from 3913: 3252: 2798: 2771: 2534: 2504: 2219: 2211: 2053: 909: 853: 848:, but Roh did not join. In 1996, he ran for the Assembly seat for 691: 523: 4879:"Roh reacts with shock, concern for Koreans in US after massacre" 6878: 2290: 2229: 682:

Roh was born into a poor farming family on 1 September 1946, in

6900: 6392: 2111:, concluded in April 2007 after many months of negotiations by 5690:"Tens of thousands attend the funeral of former president Roh" 2122: 4162:"Trying to Stone Collaborators, Seoul Party Hits Glass House" 6689:"President Roh Moo-hyun and the New Politics of South Korea" 6419: 5160:

Prosecution widens corruption probe involving Roh's family

831:

In 1991, before the election of the national assembly, the

6214:

from the original on 21 December 2021 – via YouTube.

6153:

from the original on 21 December 2021 – via YouTube.

5648:

from the original on 21 December 2021 – via YouTube.

5405:"President calls for higher quality of press and politics" 4969:"Roh gov't proposed defining Japan as 'hypothetical enemy" 2544:

after the funeral resulted in the detention of 72 people.

6664: 5970:. 9 July 2012. Archived from the original on 9 July 2012. 5534:. 9 July 2012. Archived from the original on 9 July 2012. 3679: 3549: 3547: 2957:] (in Korean) (1st ed.). Seoul: Hakgojae Books. 919:

Roh won the presidency on 19 December 2002, by defeating

558: 4824:"320,000 Apartments Planned for Initial Sales Next Year" 3279:"The Fed – Foreign Exchange Rates – Country Data – H.10" 2934:] (in Korean) (1st ed.). Seoul: Happy Reading. 885:

In 2000, Roh ran for the National Assembly representing

2532:, who was being subject to a corruption investigation. 5835:

Executive's Body Found 11 Days After Han River suicide

661:

After leaving office, Roh returned to his hometown of

7319:

Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath

5905:

suicide rings a warning of election debts’ high costs

4797:"Home Prices in South Korea Stalling at a High Point" 4766:"Just What are the Incentives to Investing in Korea?" 4623:"South Korea Has Big Plans For the Area Around Seoul" 4568:"President Appreciates Nosamo for its Strong Support" 4053:"Asia–Pacific: Clouds over Seoul's 'sunshine policy'" 801:). That same year, he was elected as a member of the 5109:"Prosecutors Seek 5-Year Sentence for Roh's Brother" 2551:

He died almost three months before former President

787:

Roh entered politics in 1988 when he was invited by

7369:

Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)

7177: 7162: 7136: 7121: 7102: 7069: 7049: 6999: 6952: 6320:"New liberal party takes steps for political debut" 5715:"봉하마을 6일간의 기록 (6 days of Bongha village's records)" 5198:"Roh Admits Wife Took Money from Wealthy Supporter" 4710:"Korea Faces Uphill Battle to Become Financial Hub" 3496:"SKorean ex-president Roh dies in apparent suicide" 552: 538: 522: 506: 501: 487: 479: 469: 464: 452: 427: 372: 355: 332: 327: 313: 303: 291: 270: 260: 248: 229: 217: 205: 193: 183: 164: 152: 140: 107: 88: 49: 5924:"Sorrow, anger as SKoreans mourn ex-president Roh" 5748:"Former PM Secretary Kim Dead in Apparent suicide" 5135:"Roh's Former Aide Detained Over Corruption Probe" 5056:"Out of Office and into a Fishbowl in South Korea" 3645: 3007:] (in Korean) (1st ed.). Paju: Dolbegae. 2980:] (in Korean) (1st ed.). Paju: Dongnyok. 2888:] (in Korean) (1st ed.). Seoul: Sae-teo. 4595:"Election in South Korea Is Missing Its Suspense" 7339:Democratic Party (South Korea, 2000) politicians 6098:"President Accepts Top Prosecutor's Resignation" 4405:. News.hankooki.com. 14 May 2004. Archived from 3887:"The people who voted for Roh "출사표 던진 노무현의 사람들"" 3584:[민주당 대선후보] 노무현 누구인가 – 1등 인터넷뉴스 조선닷컴 2435:living expenses for study in the United States. 2307:in the United States by a South Korean student, 5810:"Roh Sued for Defaming Late Daewoo E&C CEO" 5773:Busan Mayor's suicide Called 'Political Terror' 4460:"South Korea's President Sags in Opinion Polls" 4135:"South Korea's Roh rejects cabinet resignation" 3766:(3 September 2008). Retrieved 13 September 2008 3375:"South Korea's President Sags in Opinion Polls" 2453: 7289:Members of the National Assembly (South Korea) 6601:"THE ATTORNEY Climbs to 8th on All Time Chart" 5880:"Mayor Commits suicide Ahead of Investigation" 5791:South Jeolla Province Governor Commits suicide 4570:. 16cwd.pa.go.kr. 16 June 2007. Archived from 4111:. Imnews.imbc.com. 29 May 2009. Archived from 4029:. 16cwd.pa.go.kr. 24 July 2003. Archived from 626:South Korea received the highest marks on the 6912: 6443:Hong (홍), Je-seong (제성) (17 September 2011). 6322:(in Korean). Koreaherald.co.kr. 29 March 2010 6072:"Prospects of Assembly Session Remain Cloudy" 6052:(in Korean). Koreaherald.co.kr. 30 March 2010 5609: 5607: 5083:"Roh's Brother to Be Questioned Over Bribery" 4925:. US Asian Wire, Incorporated. 17 April 2007. 3949:(in Korean). Media.daum.net. 19 December 2002 2862:highest-grossing film in South Korean history 2601:released his book on the involvements of the 2026:the Constitutional Court, and Prime Minister 1947: 8: 7284:South Korean politicians who died by suicide 6179:"이명박의 정치보복이 노무현을 죽였다그의 자살은 '나로 끝내라'는 마지막 항거" 5249:"Roh's son faces questions in bribery probe" 5049: 5047: 4736:"Business Pros Rip Seoul's 'Asian Hub' Plan" 4680:"Seoul Ranked Outside Top 50 Financial Hubs" 2592: 2576: 2012: 796: 753:Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering 647:$ 20,000 milestone in nominal GDP per capita 589: 529: 513: 103:25 February 2003 – 24 February 2008 6713:Biography from Roh's Cheong Wa Dae archives 6665:Nosamo: Roh Moo-hyun's fan club (in Korean) 6163:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 5483:"South Korea ex-leader to face prosecutors" 5298:. United Press International. 27 April 2009 5251:. United Press International. 11 April 2009 2391:speech as intended for domestic audiences. 2157:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 2018: 893:in Busan as part of a campaign to overcome 633:under his administration. The value of the 6919: 6905: 6897: 6730:National Assembly of the Republic of Korea 6725: 6474:Park (박), Su-jin (수진) (17 December 2011). 6226:"실형 확정 한명숙, "노무현으로 시작된 정치보복 한명숙에서 끝나길 빈다"" 5854:"Widow Calls for Roh's Apology Over Death" 5386:South Korea's "Mr. Clean" accused of graft 5361:"The Bitter End for South Korea's Leaders" 4897:"South Korea Concerned Over U.S. Killings" 3979:(in Korean). Media.daum.net. 13 March 2002 3702:"Roh's Funeral to Be Imbued With Buddhism" 3695: 3693: 3424:. Singapore: Nus Press. pp. 177–179. 3369: 3367: 3322:"김동길 "노무현이 잘한 일이 뭔가"...독설 쏟아내 – 경향신문" 3141:"World's first internet President logs on" 3087:Roh's involvement in Hwang Woo-suk scandal 2911:] (in Korean). Seoul: Hakgojae Books. 2607:South Korean National Intelligence Service 2493:National Assembly of the Republic of Korea 2395:Retirement and post-presidency (2008–2009) 2305:massacre at Virginia Polytechnic Institute 1954: 1940: 931: 767:(baptismal name: Justin) in 1986 but then 760:and Im Jong In, founded Haemaru Law firm. 670:progress during his presidency. In a 2019 73: 46: 27:President of South Korea from 2003 to 2008 6979:(Shanghai) • Moon Chang-bum (Vladivostok) 6695:"Roh Moo-hyun, South's Man of the People" 6559:'보수논객' 이상돈 "노무현, 한 시대의 상징, 신화 됐다" – 오마이뉴스 4937:"Ex-U.S. defense chief calls Roh 'crazy'" 4260: 4250: 3940:<盧당선자 대선장정 1년7개월> | Daum 미디어다음 2177:Learn how and when to remove this message 2030:ran the country as the Acting President. 1837:Solidarity for LGBT Human Rights of Korea 724:, but quit in 1978, and became a lawyer. 5996:"Conservative Professor Slams Lee Gov't" 5666:. MBC, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation. 5510:"Ex-Pres. Roh MH Denies Bribery Charges" 4329:"Farmer kills one, injures two over FTA" 4277:"Voters will evaluate Roh's performance" 3970:선호도 노무현 41.7 이회창 40.6% | Daum 미디어다음 6701:"Profile: President-elect Roh Moo-hyun" 6240:"[사설] 처음부터 정치보복 냄새 진동했던 노무현 사건" 3395:"Daily Opinion No. 237 (November 2016)" 3294:"Democracy takes office in South Korea" 3167:"The Web Site That Elected a President" 3131: 3108: 3082:2002 South Korean presidential election 943: 655:plan to move the capital of South Korea 6394:시민들이 모아준 12억,노무현은 눈물을 흘렸다아이엠피터 – 아이엠피터 6156: 5973: 5537: 5319:"South Korean Scandal Takes New Twist" 5296:"Roh remains silent on bribe question" 4660:from the original on 19 September 2007 4593:Onishi, Norimitsu (17 December 2007). 4458:Onishi, Norimitsu (27 November 2006). 3616: 3614: 3612: 2216:President Roh and Bush in October 2003 856:, losing to another future president, 179:7 August 2000 – 25 March 2001 6707:Cheong Wa Dae Office of the President 6655:Official English page of Roh Moo-hyun 5670:from the original on 21 December 2021 5586:"Ex-President's Wife, Son Questioned" 4429:"The pros and cons of capital flight" 4239:European Journal of International Law 4212:"Raking over S Korea's colonial past" 3522:"Ex-President Roh Jumps to His Death" 3350:. Singapore: Nus Press. p. 167. 2399:After leaving office, Roh retired to 1989:descendants of Japanese collaborators 598: 7: 6965:(Seoul) • Syngman Rhee (Shanghai) • 5456:"Prosecutors send Roh questionnaire" 5011:press. 25 April 2006. Archived from 4957:. Business Insider. 14 January 2014. 4795:Fackler, Martin (18 December 2007). 4487:"Koreans' Wallets Are Slamming Shut" 3660:from the original on 12 January 2022 3139:Watts, Jonathan (24 February 2003). 2155:adding citations to reliable sources 7344:Collars of the Order of Civil Merit 6954:Provisional Governments (Pre-Union) 6679:, The Chosun Ilbo, 25 January 2006. 5946:"Koreans turn out in force for Roh" 5560:"Is Korea Land of Missing Leaders?" 5363:. Blogs.reuters.com. Archived from 3647:"Politics obituaries: Roh Moo-Hyun" 2999:; Roh Moo-hyun Foundation (eds.). 2836:Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the 1619:New Politics Alliance for Democracy 1537:New Politics Alliance for Democracy 734:National Security Act (South Korea) 244:22 July 1998 – 29 May 2000 7354:Heads of state who died by suicide 7309:Suicides by jumping in South Korea 7036:• Ahn Chang Ho • Yi Dong-nyeong • 6849:(Suspended) 12 March – 14 May 2004 6691:, The Asia Society, February 2003. 5615:"S Korea stunned by Roh's suicide" 5481:Glionna, John M. (28 April 2009). 4690:from the original on 15 April 2009 4189:"Disgraced Seoul party boss quits" 4160:Brooke, James (8 September 2004). 3498:. Associated Press. Archived from 3229:. 24 February 2003. Archived from 3173:. 24 February 2003. Archived from 2880:Roh Moo-hyun (1 September 1994). 2369:. Another sensitive issue, former 1517:National Congress for New Politics 1497:Grand Unified Democratic New Party 846:National Congress for New Politics 398:National Congress for New Politics 287:30 May 1988 – 29 May 1992 25: 7294:20th-century South Korean lawyers 6677:"Roh Defiant on Korea-US Tension" 6477:노무현 수사 이인규 "저승 가 노통에게 빚 갚으라 따질 것" 6421:노무현의 가치, 진보의 미래「한국미래발전연구원」이 열어갑니다 6208:"한명숙 "노무현으로 시작된 정치보복, 한명숙에서 끝나길"" 5359:Herskovitz, Jon (30 April 2009). 4772:. 30 October 2007. Archived from 4354:The Impeachment Motion Has Passed 4059:. 17 October 2006. Archived from 3292:Jung, Ha-yun (25 February 2003). 3253:"South Korea: Too Much Activism?" 3028:So the person called Roh Moo-hyun 2361:, denial of the colonial past in 2115:, the deputy minister for trade. 2040:April 2004 parliamentary election 1842:Voluntary Agency Network of Korea 1814:Federation of Korean Trade Unions 6990: 6984: 6817:Minister of Oceans and Fisheries 6627:"The Best Selling Films of 2013" 6446:노무현 "美, 북한 공정하게 안 대해" <위키> 6268:"Roh Followers Create New Party" 4650:"Hub Plan Becomes Hollow Slogan" 4435:. 13 August 2004. Archived from 4210:McGeown, Kate (19 August 2004). 4085:. 16cwd.pa.go.kr. Archived from 3066: 3052: 2831: 2818: 2804: 2791: 2777: 2764: 2750: 2737: 2723: 2710: 2696: 2683: 2662: 2649: 2586:leaked American diplomatic cable 2575:The Institute for Future Korea ( 2127: 1921: 1909: 1670:National Independence Federation 953: 456: 167:Minister of Oceans and Fisheries 6660:The Opened We Party (in Korean) 5512:. English.donga.com. 1 May 2009 5054:Choe Sang-hun (10 April 2008). 4988:정부, SCM에서 '일본 가상적국' 표기 요구 논란 확산 4881:. 18 April 2007. Archived from 4826:. News.mk.co.kr. Archived from 3912:Christian Caryl (13 May 2007). 3593:. 28 April 2002. Archived from 3461:노 전 대통령, 재직중 알았다면 ‘포괄적 뇌물죄’ 가능성 3097:U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement 2932:Roh Moo-hyun's Leadership Story 442: 4742:. 12 June 2003. Archived from 4621:Kirk, Don (14 February 2003). 4493:. 12 July 2004. Archived from 3494:Kim, Kwang-Tae (23 May 2009). 2593: 2577: 2013: 1827:(Imperial Japanese occupation) 1582:Reunification Democratic Party 797: 793:Reunification Democratic Party 590: 530: 514: 1: 6206:OhmynewsTV (20 August 2015). 6147:"노무현......죽음으로 몰고간 정치보복 표적수사" 6124:"네이버 책 :: 네이버는 책을 사랑합니다" 5317:Park, Sungha (8 April 2009). 4402:한국일보 : 봉하마을 "노무현 만세" 잔칫집 4109:"MBC뉴스 – news.mbc.co.kr" 3700:Mee-yoo, Kwon (27 May 2009). 3528:. 23 May 2009. Archived from 2909:Lincoln that Roh Moo-hyun met 2495:. However, former Presidents 2258:armored bridge-laying vehicle 1733:Democratic Research Institute 1702:Korean Provisional Government 1552:Party for Democracy and Peace 6697:, The Age, 26 February 2003. 6377:홍준표 "노무현 전 대통령 업적은 정치자금법 개정" 5640:SUN RED (18 December 2015). 3005:The fate of the Roh Moo-hyun 1890:Progressivism in South Korea 1707:Imperial Japanese occupation 1431:Democratic Nationalist Party 1421:Democratic Alliance of Korea 1172:Korean independence movement 643:world's 10th largest economy 2279:North Korean nuclear crisis 2232:gala dinner with President 2100:Japanese asset price bubble 1532:New Korean Democratic Party 775:while practicing a form of 559: 545: 7385: 6349:Korean Broadcasting System 6145:kj070809 (29 April 2010). 5346:"고 강금원 창신섬유 회장의 '마지막 인터뷰'" 4191:. BBC News. 19 August 2004 2597:), the former head of the 2363:Japanese history textbooks 2332: 2109:FTA with the United States 2076:South Chungcheong Province 1819:Korea Democracy Foundation 1803:Center for Free Enterprise 1629:New Political Vision Party 1167:Donghak Peasant Revolution 816:merged his party with the 31: 7364:Presidents of South Korea 7324:Liberalism in South Korea 7232: 6982: 6885: 6875: 6867: 6862: 6852: 6839: 6831: 6823: 6814: 6808: 6803: 6789: 6774: 6766: 6758: 6743: 6735: 6728: 5980:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 5544:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 5430:"Summons of Ex-President" 3626:(in Korean). Enc.daum.net 3470:(in Korean). 7 April 2009 2272:to support the US in the 2003:Uri Party and impeachment 1486:Democratic Party of Korea 946:Liberalism in South Korea 736:itself should be judged. 628:Reporters Without Borders 570: 566: 497: 323: 280: 237: 172: 96: 84: 72: 63: 6842:President of South Korea 6703:, CNN, 31 December 2002. 6685:, BBC News, 14 May 2004. 6558: 6507:울어버린 한명숙 "노무현은 죽음으로, 난…" 6506: 6476: 6445: 6420: 6393: 6376: 6342: 5840:12 November 2004 at the 5029:韓日首脳の衝突発端は小泉首相の「国内向け」発言 5028: 5009:President of South Korea 5003: 4987: 4401: 4373: 3999: 3969: 3939: 3859: 3831: 3804:盧대통령, 여소야대 몰리니까 지역구도 해체? 3803: 3777:"Obituary: Roh Moo-hyun" 3733:(in Korean). Naver News 3729: 3622: 3583: 3563:(in Korean). 25 May 2019 3555: 3460: 3023: 3000: 2973: 2950: 2927: 2904: 2881: 2757:Order of the White Eagle 2669:Grand Order of Mugunghwa 2365:, and disputes over the 2248:Roh was perceived as an 1824:New People's Association 935:This article is part of 822:Democratic Liberal Party 818:Democratic Justice Party 605:president of South Korea 377:Reunification Democratic 91:President of South Korea 64: 7241:and removed from office 6718:29 January 2016 at the 6683:"Profile: Roh Moo-hyun" 6254:"김근태 "노무현 수사 본질은 정치보복"" 5948:. BBC News. 29 May 2009 5910:21 October 2010 at the 5324:The Wall Street Journal 5026:権, 景福 (18 March 2005). 4517:"The rich hit the road" 4374:"탄핵무효, 민주수호" 수만명 함성(종합) 3914:"The Road of No Return" 3420:Mizuno, Kosuke (2009). 3346:Mizuno, Kosuke (2009). 2955:Success and Frustration 2703:National Order of Merit 2618:Democratic United Party 2371:Prime Minister of Japan 2254:Yangju highway incident 2236:of Russia (centre) and 2050:After the reinstatement 1885:Politics of South Korea 1878:Anti-Japanese sentiment 1492:Future Democratic Party 869:United Democratic Party 745:June Democracy Movement 607:between 2003 and 2008. 79:Official portrait, 2003 7304:Former Roman Catholics 7299:South Korean agnostics 7279:South Korean Buddhists 7001:Provisional Government 6783:Jongno District, Seoul 6670:4 January 2017 at the 5796:9 January 2009 at the 4491:Bloomberg BusinessWeek 4359:9 January 2009 at the 3320:디지털뉴스팀 (23 May 2011). 3227:Bloomberg BusinessWeek 3171:Bloomberg BusinessWeek 2978:The future of progress 2540: 2458: 2376:'s repeated visits to 2281:. He also pursued the 2245: 2217: 2071: 1975:of engagement towards 1928:South Korea portal 1557:Peace Democratic Party 1507:Korea Innovation Party 1502:Korea Democratic Party 1426:Democratic Korea Party 1030:Economic progressivism 928:Presidency (2003–2008) 824:, a forerunner of the 783:Early political career 763:Roh was baptized as a 701:. His ancestor was in 621:Japanese rule in Korea 474:Republic of Korea Army 7334:Asian social liberals 7329:Uri Party politicians 6391:아이엠피터 (23 May 2016). 4868:, YTN 3 February 2006 4083:"Top 12 Policy Goals" 3223:"Korea's Young Lions" 2886:Honey, Please help me 2867:Miracle in Cell No. 7 2784:Order of Independence 2730:Order of the Elephant 2603:political corruptions 2538: 2223: 2215: 2057: 1916:Liberalism portal 1634:Dawn of Liberty Party 1577:Real Democratic Party 1542:Open Democratic Party 1060:Independence movement 1040:foreign voting rights 876:Presidential election 596:Korean pronunciation: 480:Years of service 36:, the family name is 7314:Impeached presidents 7180:(1988–present) 6752:Dong District, Busan 6605:Korean Film Biz Zone 6294:"Creating New Party" 5778:10 July 2009 at the 5391:28 July 2011 at the 5040:on 24 December 2007. 4746:on 24 September 2004 4686:. 29 February 2008. 4252:10.1093/ejil/chac037 3623:노무현 – Daum 백과사전 2811:Order of Civil Merit 2483:, former presidents 2479:, former First Lady 2335:Japan–Korea disputes 2316:Secretary of Defense 2298:free trade agreement 2268:. He dispatched the 2151:improve this section 2119:Grand coalition plan 2084:Grand National Party 1522:New Democratic Party 1416:Creative Korea Party 1295:Jasmine Bacurnay Lee 1087:Legal egalitarianism 1045:Freedom of the press 826:Grand National Party 651:Grand National Party 540:Revised Romanization 5722:(Yonhap News Korea) 4903:on 5 September 2018 4885:on 10 October 2012. 4523:. 19 September 2004 4233:Nissen, A. (2022). 3893:. 27 September 2005 3860:승부사 노 대통령 역대 승률 50% 3832:뿌리깊은 '언론 반감' 체험서 비롯 3383:. 27 November 2006. 2566:Participation Party 2460:The 8th president, 2407:Bribery allegations 2348:colonial occupation 2341:Korean Memorial Day 1895:Social conservatism 1868:National liberalism 1792:Other organizations 1780:(Korean Empire era) 1562:People Party (2016) 1547:Participation Party 1130:Democracy movements 1050:Freedom of religion 678:Personal background 631:Press Freedom Index 7274:People from Gimhae 6804:Political offices 6607:. koreanfilm.or.kr 6516:. 15 January 2012. 6513:Kyunghyang Shinmun 6452:Yonhap News Agency 5886:. 27 November 2009 5860:. 16 December 2008 5816:. 19 December 2008 5726:Yonhap News Agency 5720:Yonhap News Agency 5061:The New York Times 4943:. 15 January 2014. 4802:The New York Times 4628:The New York Times 4600:The New York Times 4574:on 29 January 2016 4465:The New York Times 4439:on 19 October 2012 4409:on 4 November 2011 4167:The New York Times 4063:on 23 January 2013 4033:on 29 January 2016 3976:Yonhap News Agency 3946:Yonhap News Agency 3597:on 2 November 2007 3401:. 24 November 2016 3380:The New York Times 3326:Kyunghyang Shinmun 3299:The New York Times 3259:. 27 November 2006 3197:"Out with the old" 2846:In popular culture 2638:Awards and honours 2541: 2383:According to Rep. 2246: 2218: 2072: 1863:Centrist reformism 1767:Kyunghyang Shinmun 1613:Basic Income Party 1135:2016–2017 protests 1065:Korean nationalism 7246: 7245: 7167:(1981–1988) 7146:Park Chung Hee • 7141:(1972–1981) 7126:(1963–1972) 7109:(1961–1963) 7074:(1960–1961) 7054:(1948–1960) 6895: 6894: 6889:Nguyễn Minh Triết 6886:Succeeded by 6863:Diplomatic posts 6853:Succeeded by 6850: 6824:Succeeded by 6790:Succeeded by 6778:National Assembly 6759:Succeeded by 6747:National Assembly 6566:. 18 January 2013 6380:. 11 August 2011. 6300:. 19 January 2010 6274:. 17 January 2010 6228:. 20 August 2015. 6050:"Session overdue" 5926:. AP. 29 May 2009 5754:. 10 October 2008 5664:YouTube, imbc.com 5488:Los Angeles Times 5348:. 12 August 2012. 5089:. 1 December 2008 4497:on 29 August 2004 4283:. 5 November 2007 4141:. 11 October 2003 4007:. 14 January 2003 3867:. 12 October 2003 3092:Social liberalism 3037:978-89-7199-947-9 3014:978-89-7199-386-6 2987:978-89-7297-608-0 2964:978-89-5625-096-0 2941:978-89-89571-07-0 2918:978-89-85846-89-9 2895:978-89-87175-19-5 2838:Order of the Bath 2782:Recipient of the 2701:Recipient of the 2667:Recipient of the 2509:Gyeonggi Province 2374:Junichiro Koizumi 2224:Roh Moo-hyun and 2203:Foreign relations 2187: 2186: 2179: 2068:A.P.J Abdul Kalam 2058:Roh and his wife 1964: 1963: 1846: 1652:Independence Club 1608:Bareunmirae Party 1435:Democratic Party 1092:Liberal democracy 1055:Freedom of speech 803:National Assembly 777:Mahayana Buddhism 741:autocratic regime 694:, in what is now 645:and exceeded the 600:[nomuçʌn] 574: 573: 554:McCune–Reischauer 232:National Assembly 16:(Redirected from 7376: 7349:Gwangsan No clan 7181: 7168: 7152:Park Choong-hoon 7142: 7127: 7110: 7075: 7055: 7005: 6994: 6988: 6958: 6947: 6943: 6939: 6935: 6930: 6921: 6914: 6907: 6898: 6868:Preceded by 6848: 6832:Preceded by 6809:Preceded by 6767:Preceded by 6736:Preceded by 6726: 6642: 6641: 6639: 6637: 6623: 6617: 6616: 6614: 6612: 6599:Conran, Pierce. 6596: 6590: 6589: 6582: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6571: 6554: 6548: 6547: 6545: 6543: 6538:on 4 August 2012 6534:. 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Archived from 5023: 5017: 5016: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4965: 4959: 4958: 4951: 4945: 4944: 4941:The Korea Herald 4933: 4927: 4926: 4919: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4893: 4887: 4886: 4875: 4869: 4860: 4854: 4853: 4846: 4840: 4839: 4837: 4835: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4809: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4781: 4762: 4756: 4755: 4753: 4751: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4706: 4700: 4699: 4697: 4695: 4676: 4670: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4656:. 18 July 2007. 4646: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4635: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4579: 4564: 4558: 4557: 4555: 4553: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4513: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4483: 4477: 4476: 4474: 4472: 4455: 4449: 4448: 4446: 4444: 4425: 4419: 4418: 4416: 4414: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4369: 4363: 4351: 4345: 4344: 4342: 4340: 4325: 4319: 4318: 4316: 4314: 4299: 4293: 4292: 4290: 4288: 4273: 4267: 4266: 4264: 4254: 4230: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4219: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4198: 4196: 4185: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4157: 4151: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4131: 4125: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4115:on 18 March 2012 4105: 4099: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4079: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4049: 4043: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4023: 4017: 4016: 4014: 4012: 3995: 3989: 3988: 3986: 3984: 3965: 3959: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3935: 3929: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3909: 3903: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3883: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3855: 3849: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3827: 3821: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3799: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3773: 3767: 3757: 3753: 3747: 3746: 3744: 3742: 3725: 3719: 3718: 3716: 3714: 3697: 3688: 3687: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3667: 3665: 3649: 3642: 3636: 3635: 3633: 3631: 3618: 3607: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3579: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3551: 3542: 3541: 3539: 3537: 3518: 3512: 3511: 3509: 3507: 3491: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3475: 3456: 3450: 3449: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3422:Populism in Asia 3417: 3411: 3410: 3408: 3406: 3391: 3385: 3384: 3371: 3362: 3361: 3348:Populism in Asia 3343: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3317: 3311: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3289: 3283: 3282: 3275: 3269: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3240: 3238: 3219: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3193: 3187: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3163: 3157: 3156: 3154: 3152: 3136: 3119: 3113: 3076: 3071: 3070: 3062: 3060:Biography portal 3057: 3056: 3055: 3041: 3018: 2991: 2968: 2945: 2922: 2899: 2835: 2824: 2822: 2821: 2808: 2797: 2795: 2794: 2781: 2770: 2768: 2767: 2754: 2743: 2741: 2740: 2727: 2716: 2714: 2713: 2700: 2689: 2687: 2686: 2666: 2655: 2653: 2652: 2643:National honours 2596: 2595: 2580: 2579: 2182: 2175: 2171: 2168: 2162: 2131: 2123: 2092:Democratic Party 2020: 2016: 2015: 1956: 1949: 1942: 1926: 1925: 1924: 1914: 1913: 1844: 1828: 1781: 1714:Transition Korea 1710: 1660: 1648: 1602: 1527:New Future Party 1410: 1035:Environmentalism 1025:Economic freedom 957: 947: 932: 867:merged with the 800: 799: 747:in 1987 against 635:South Korean won 602: 597: 593: 592: 583: 562: 548: 533: 532: 517: 516: 465:Military service 460: 446: 444: 423: 416: 409: 402: 395: 388: 381: 365:Bongha Village, 362: 343:1 September 1946 342: 340: 328:Personal details 306: 294: 285: 263: 251: 242: 220: 208: 196: 177: 155: 143: 110: 101: 77: 67: 58: 47: 21: 7384: 7383: 7379: 7378: 7377: 7375: 7374: 7373: 7249: 7248: 7247: 7242: 7228: 7179: 7178:Sixth Republic 7173: 7166: 7158: 7140: 7138:Fourth Republic 7132: 7125: 7117: 7108: 7098: 7073: 7071:Second Republic 7065: 7059:Syngman Rhee • 7053: 7045: 7003: 6995: 6989: 6980: 6956: 6948: 6945: 6941: 6937: 6933: 6928: 6925: 6891: 6882: 6877:Chairperson of 6873: 6858: 6847: 6845: 6837: 6827: 6820: 6812: 6799: 6795: 6794: 6786: 6780: 6772: 6762: 6755: 6749: 6741: 6739: 6720:Wayback Machine 6672:Wayback Machine 6651: 6646: 6645: 6635: 6633: 6625: 6624: 6620: 6610: 6608: 6598: 6597: 6593: 6584: 6583: 6579: 6569: 6567: 6560: 6556: 6555: 6551: 6541: 6539: 6526: 6525: 6521: 6508: 6504: 6503: 6499: 6489: 6487: 6478: 6473: 6472: 6468: 6458: 6456: 6447: 6442: 6441: 6437: 6427: 6425: 6424:. Democracy2.kr 6422: 6418: 6417: 6413: 6403: 6401: 6395: 6390: 6389: 6385: 6378: 6374: 6373: 6369: 6359: 6357: 6356:on 7 March 2012 6344: 6343:페이지를 찾을 수 없습니다. 6340: 6339: 6335: 6325: 6323: 6318: 6317: 6313: 6303: 6301: 6298:The Korea Times 6292: 6291: 6287: 6277: 6275: 6272:The Korea Times 6266: 6265: 6261: 6252: 6251: 6247: 6238: 6237: 6233: 6224: 6223: 6219: 6205: 6204: 6200: 6190: 6188: 6177: 6176: 6172: 6155: 6144: 6143: 6139: 6129: 6127: 6122: 6121: 6117: 6107: 6105: 6102:The Korea Times 6096: 6095: 6091: 6081: 6079: 6076:The Korea Times 6070: 6069: 6065: 6055: 6053: 6048: 6047: 6043: 6033: 6031: 6023:(1 June 2009). 6020: 6019: 6015: 6005: 6003: 6000:The Korea Times 5994: 5993: 5989: 5972: 5966: 5965: 5961: 5951: 5949: 5944: 5943: 5939: 5929: 5927: 5922: 5921: 5917: 5912:Wayback Machine 5903: 5899: 5889: 5887: 5884:The Korea Times 5878: 5877: 5873: 5863: 5861: 5858:The Korea Times 5852: 5851: 5847: 5842:Wayback Machine 5833: 5829: 5819: 5817: 5814:The Korea Times 5808: 5807: 5803: 5798:Wayback Machine 5789: 5785: 5780:Wayback Machine 5771: 5767: 5757: 5755: 5752:The Korea Times 5746: 5745: 5741: 5731: 5729: 5713: 5712: 5708: 5698: 5696: 5688: 5687: 5683: 5673: 5671: 5658: 5657: 5653: 5639: 5638: 5634: 5624: 5622: 5613: 5612: 5605: 5595: 5593: 5592:. 12 April 2009 5590:The Korea Times 5584: 5583: 5579: 5569: 5567: 5566:. 29 April 2009 5564:The Korea Times 5558: 5557: 5553: 5536: 5530: 5529: 5525: 5515: 5513: 5508: 5507: 5503: 5493: 5491: 5480: 5479: 5475: 5465: 5463: 5462:. 23 April 2009 5454: 5453: 5449: 5439: 5437: 5436:. 29 April 2009 5434:The Korea Times 5428: 5427: 5423: 5413: 5411: 5403: 5402: 5398: 5393:Wayback Machine 5384: 5380: 5370: 5368: 5358: 5357: 5353: 5344: 5343: 5339: 5329: 5327: 5316: 5315: 5311: 5301: 5299: 5294: 5293: 5289: 5279: 5277: 5269: 5268: 5264: 5254: 5252: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5232: 5230: 5222: 5221: 5217: 5207: 5205: 5202:The Chosun Ilbo 5196: 5195: 5191: 5181: 5179: 5170: 5169: 5165: 5158: 5154: 5144: 5142: 5139:The Korea Times 5133: 5132: 5128: 5118: 5116: 5115:. 28 April 2009 5113:The Chosun Ilbo 5107: 5106: 5102: 5092: 5090: 5087:The Chosun Ilbo 5081: 5080: 5076: 5066: 5064: 5053: 5052: 5045: 5032:(in Japanese). 5030: 5025: 5024: 5020: 5015:on 26 May 2006. 5005: 5004:한일 관계에 대한 특별담화문 5001: 5000: 4996: 4989: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4973:The Dong-a Ilbo 4967: 4966: 4962: 4953: 4952: 4948: 4935: 4934: 4930: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4906: 4904: 4895: 4894: 4890: 4877: 4876: 4872: 4863:한미 FTA 협상 공식 선언 4861: 4857: 4848: 4847: 4843: 4833: 4831: 4830:on 23 July 2011 4822: 4821: 4817: 4807: 4805: 4794: 4793: 4789: 4779: 4777: 4776:on 6 April 2008 4770:The Chosun Ilbo 4764: 4763: 4759: 4749: 4747: 4740:The Chosun Ilbo 4734: 4733: 4729: 4719: 4717: 4714:The Korea Times 4708: 4707: 4703: 4693: 4691: 4684:The Korea Times 4678: 4677: 4673: 4663: 4661: 4654:The Korea Times 4648: 4647: 4643: 4633: 4631: 4620: 4619: 4615: 4605: 4603: 4592: 4591: 4587: 4577: 4575: 4566: 4565: 4561: 4551: 4549: 4541: 4540: 4536: 4526: 4524: 4515: 4514: 4510: 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3726: 3722: 3712: 3710: 3707:The Korea Times 3699: 3698: 3691: 3678: 3677: 3673: 3663: 3661: 3656:. 25 May 2009. 3653:Daily Telegraph 3644: 3643: 3639: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3620: 3619: 3610: 3600: 3598: 3585: 3581: 3580: 3576: 3566: 3564: 3557: 3553: 3552: 3545: 3535: 3533: 3526:The Korea Times 3520: 3519: 3515: 3505: 3503: 3493: 3492: 3483: 3473: 3471: 3462: 3458: 3457: 3453: 3444: 3443: 3439: 3432: 3419: 3418: 3414: 3404: 3402: 3393: 3392: 3388: 3373: 3372: 3365: 3358: 3345: 3344: 3340: 3330: 3328: 3319: 3318: 3314: 3304: 3302: 3291: 3290: 3286: 3277: 3276: 3272: 3262: 3260: 3251: 3250: 3246: 3236: 3234: 3233:on 7 March 2003 3221: 3220: 3216: 3206: 3204: 3203:. 4 August 2003 3195: 3194: 3190: 3180: 3178: 3177:on 7 March 2003 3165: 3164: 3160: 3150: 3148: 3138: 3137: 3133: 3128: 3123: 3122: 3114: 3110: 3105: 3074:Politics portal 3072: 3065: 3058: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3038: 3025: 3024:그리하여 노무현이라는 사람은 3021: 3015: 3002: 2994: 2988: 2975: 2971: 2965: 2952: 2948: 2942: 2929: 2925: 2919: 2906: 2902: 2896: 2883: 2879: 2876: 2848: 2819: 2817: 2792: 2790: 2765: 2763: 2738: 2736: 2711: 2709: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2677:Foreign honours 2650: 2648: 2645: 2640: 2562: 2517:Jeolla province 2491:and members of 2441: 2409: 2397: 2385:Chung Mong-joon 2378:Yasukuni Shrine 2367:Liancourt Rocks 2337: 2331: 2270:Zaytun Division 2210: 2205: 2192:grand coalition 2183: 2172: 2166: 2163: 2148: 2132: 2121: 2052: 2005: 1973:Sunshine Policy 1969: 1960: 1922: 1920: 1908: 1901: 1900: 1858: 1850: 1849: 1826: 1793: 1785: 1784: 1779: 1746: 1738: 1737: 1728: 1720: 1719: 1704: 1696:Pine Tree Party 1675:New Korea Party 1654: 1642: 1603: 1600: 1592: 1591: 1411: 1408: 1400: 1399: 1220:Han Myeong-sook 1215:Chough Pyung-ok 1185: 1177: 1176: 1125: 1117: 1116: 1080:Sunshine Policy 1015:Democratization 998: 990: 989: 965: 945: 930: 865:New Korea Party 805:, representing 785: 680: 595: 579: 534: 518: 448: 445: 1972) 440: 436: 421: 417: 414: 410: 407: 403: 400: 396: 393: 389: 386: 382: 379: 373:Political party 364: 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6792: 6791: 6788: 6776:Member of the 6773: 6768: 6764: 6763: 6760: 6757: 6745:Member of the 6742: 6738:Park Chan-jong 6737: 6733: 6732: 6724: 6723: 6710: 6704: 6698: 6692: 6686: 6680: 6674: 6662: 6657: 6650: 6649:External links 6647: 6644: 6643: 6631:Koreanfilm.org 6618: 6591: 6577: 6549: 6532:www.ilyo.co.kr 6519: 6497: 6466: 6435: 6411: 6399:theimpeter.com 6383: 6367: 6333: 6311: 6285: 6259: 6245: 6242:. 24 May 2009. 6231: 6217: 6198: 6170: 6137: 6115: 6089: 6063: 6041: 6029:People's Daily 6013: 5987: 5959: 5937: 5915: 5897: 5871: 5845: 5827: 5801: 5783: 5765: 5739: 5706: 5681: 5651: 5632: 5603: 5577: 5551: 5523: 5501: 5473: 5447: 5421: 5409:Korea Newswire 5396: 5378: 5351: 5337: 5309: 5287: 5262: 5240: 5215: 5204:. 8 April 2009 5189: 5172:"Roh Moo-Hyun" 5163: 5152: 5141:. 7 April 2009 5126: 5100: 5074: 5043: 5018: 4994: 4978: 4975:. 3 July 2012. 4960: 4946: 4928: 4914: 4888: 4870: 4855: 4841: 4815: 4787: 4757: 4727: 4716:. 13 June 2007 4701: 4671: 4641: 4613: 4585: 4559: 4534: 4508: 4478: 4450: 4420: 4392: 4364: 4346: 4335:. 5 April 2007 4320: 4294: 4268: 4245:(2): 607–630. 4225: 4202: 4180: 4152: 4126: 4100: 4074: 4044: 4018: 4000:盧 "국정운영 토론 중시" 3990: 3960: 3930: 3904: 3878: 3850: 3822: 3811:. 29 July 2005 3794: 3768: 3748: 3737:. 20 June 2002 3730:노무현후보 김추기경의 방문 3720: 3689: 3684:haemarulaw.com 3671: 3637: 3608: 3574: 3543: 3532:on 24 May 2009 3513: 3502:on 29 May 2009 3481: 3451: 3437: 3431:978-9971694838 3430: 3412: 3386: 3363: 3357:978-9971694838 3356: 3338: 3312: 3284: 3270: 3244: 3214: 3188: 3158: 3130: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3120: 3107: 3106: 3104: 3101: 3100: 3099: 3094: 3089: 3084: 3078: 3077: 3063: 3047: 3044: 3043: 3042: 3036: 3019: 3013: 2992: 2986: 2969: 2963: 2946: 2940: 2923: 2917: 2900: 2894: 2875: 2874:Authored books 2872: 2850:The 2013 film 2847: 2844: 2843: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2826:United Kingdom 2815: 2814: 2813: 2809:Collar of the 2788: 2787: 2786: 2761: 2760: 2759: 2734: 2733: 2732: 2707: 2706: 2705: 2678: 2675: 2674: 2673: 2672: 2671: 2644: 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Bush 2234:Vladimir Putin 2226:Kwon Yang-sook 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2185: 2184: 2135: 2133: 2126: 2120: 2117: 2064:Manmohan Singh 2062:in India with 2060:Kwon Yang-sook 2051: 2048: 2004: 2001: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1958: 1951: 1944: 1936: 1933: 1932: 1931: 1930: 1918: 1903: 1902: 1899: 1898: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1881: 1880: 1875: 1873:Anti-sadaejuui 1865: 1859: 1857:Related topics 1856: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1800: 1794: 1791: 1790: 1787: 1786: 1783: 1782: 1777:Tongnip Sinmun 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1711: 1699: 1693: 1692: 1691: 1686: 1678: 1672: 1667: 1661: 1649: 1637: 1631: 1626: 1616: 1610: 1604: 1601:(Non-Democrat) 1598: 1597: 1594: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1572:Platform Party 1569: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1512:Minsaeng Party 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1483: 1482: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 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489: 485: 484: 481: 477: 476: 471: 470:Branch/service 467: 466: 462: 461: 454: 450: 449: 438: 434:Kwon Yang-sook 432: 431: 429: 425: 424: 374: 370: 369: 363:(aged 62) 357: 353: 352: 350:Southern Korea 334: 330: 329: 325: 324: 321: 320: 315: 311: 310: 307: 301: 300: 297:Park Chan-jong 295: 289: 288: 278: 277: 272: 268: 267: 264: 258: 257: 252: 246: 245: 235: 234: 230:Member of the 227: 226: 224:Chung Woo-taik 221: 215: 214: 209: 203: 202: 197: 195:Prime Minister 191: 190: 185: 181: 180: 170: 169: 162: 161: 156: 150: 149: 144: 138: 137: 135: 134: 129: 127:Han Myung-sook 124: 119: 113: 111: 109:Prime Minister 105: 104: 94: 93: 86: 85: 82: 81: 78: 70: 69: 61: 60: 53: 50: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7381: 7370: 7367: 7365: 7362: 7360: 7359:2009 suicides 7357: 7355: 7352: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7340: 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7285: 7282: 7280: 7277: 7275: 7272: 7270: 7267: 7265: 7262: 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