435:
became "perpetual" Palatines and Andrew accepted their suzerainty over their provinces, while the king's two most powerful partisans, Amadeus Aba and
Stephen Ákos were also granted this privilege. In addition to them, two co-palatines of the previous year, Roland Rátót and Apor Péc also received the title as a counterweight, according to Zsoldos' theory. Therefore, the historian considers Roland already bore the dignity of Palatine since the last regnal year of Andrew. Accordingly, the claimants to the Hungarian throne inherited Andrew's last decision, and they were forced to accept the
441:. As Zsoldos emphasized the oligarchs recognized each other's titles, in addition to the monarchs, cathedral chapters and other institutions. One of the bases of Zsoldos' theory is the fact that Roland Rátót and Apor Péc were considered as much less important persons than, for instance Matthew Csák or Amadeus Aba. Still, other moderately influential lords did not follow the example of Apor and Roland, and nobody else were styled as palatine beyond two of them. In a royal document from 1307, Charles also referred to Roland as palatine, acknowledging his title.
299:
420:, Stephen Ákos, James Borsa, Apor Péc and Roland Rátót himself were arbitrarily took and used the title, which marked its devaluation. However, historian Attila Zsoldos developed a special theory. When Andrew III formed a league against his enemies, a group of powerful lords — including the Kőszegis, Matthew Csák and Roland Borsa — urged
444:
Roland Rátót was present at the Diet of Rákos on 10 October 1307, which confirmed
Charles' claim to the throne. He used the title of palatine there too. After Charles' third coronation, which was performed in full accordance with customary law, on 27 August 1310, the king recognized only James Borsa
434:
in August 1300, supported by most
Croatian and Slavonian lords. However, the Kőszegis and Matthew Csák were shortly reconciled with Andrew, preventing Charles' success. Zsoldos argued Andrew III entered into a new feudal contract with the barons in the summer of 1300: Matthew Csák and Ivan Kőszegi
360:
was responsible for
Cisdanubia – in 1298 and held that office until the next year. In the contemporary context, this meant that Roland had jurisdiction over Eastern Hungary in this capacity (as "Transdanubia" had a different meaning than present days), while Apor Péc supervised the counties in
403:
Roland was styled as
Palatine of Hungary since February 1303, he attended the aforementioned wedding in this capacity. In the first decade of the 14th century, seven barons held the dignity simultaneously. Majority of the historians, including
384:, the actual head of the family) and brother Desiderius. He attended the wedding of Stephen Ákos the Younger with a foreign (Bavarian or Czech) princess in early 1303, but this fact does not confirm his affiliation, as pro-
226:
Roland had four sons from his unidentified wife. Through his eldest son, Desiderius II, he was the ancestor of the
Jolsvai (previously Gedei) noble family, which became extinct in 1427. His two younger sons,
275:). Thereafter Roland and several other members of the Rátót clan participated in the royal military campaigns against the Cumans. Roland was present at the siege of Gede Castle (present-day
445:
as
Palatine, who was appointed to the position in 1306 by Charles. Roland Rátót was deceased by then, as he was never mentioned by contemporary documents after the diet in October 1307.
396:
by the next year. Within a short time, he rose to prominence in the royal court of
Charles, becoming one of the most illustrious domestic partisans of the Anjou prince, alongside
993:
259:'s demands. On their way to the frontier, they ravaged and looted many settlements and estates. Roland, his brother Desiderius and two of his cousins, Rathold II and
167:; died 1307) was a Hungarian baron at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. He was one of the seven barons in the early 14th century, who were styled themselves
287:
barricaded himself in mid-1281. Later Roland himself owned the castle, but the date of acquisition is unknown. He also fought against the Cumans in the
31:
854:
315:
978:
973:
796:
775:
754:
252:
733:
691:
340:
Maintaining the short-lived dual system in the dignity in order to avoid power struggle, which characterized the late reign of
988:
217:
963:
983:
292:
256:
377:
424:
to send his grandson, the 12-year-old
Charles of Anjou, to Hungary in order to become king, according to the
244:
228:
134:
381:
232:
203:
138:
341:
882:
318:
by
Ladislaus IV in 1283. It is possible he belonged to that baronial group, which was dominated by the
298:
288:
235:
held various ispánates in the 1330s. Roland's fourth son, Stephen III was mentioned only once in 1321.
195:
66:
968:
421:
393:
385:
260:
791:(in Hungarian). Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg Megyei Önkormányzat Múzeumok Igazgatósága. pp. 289–299.
172:
928:
890:
413:
362:
345:
168:
41:
815:
373:
366:
184:
119:
30:
243:
Roland first appeared in contemporary records in 1275. During the political crisis of 1280, King
160:
392:
was also present. He was first referred to as "baron" in 1303. He took an oath of allegiance to
326:
785:
Zsoldos, Attila (2011b). "III. András hat nádora ". In Cabello, Juan; C. Tóth, Norbert (eds.).
325:
during that time. The alliance disintegrated by the following year with the deaths of brothers
792:
771:
750:
729:
710:
687:
426:
268:
409:
417:
405:
330:
319:
220:
431:
349:
199:
957:
397:
213:
787:
Erősségénél fogva várépítésre való: Tanulmányok a 70 éves Németh Péter tiszteletére
910:
898:
877:
866:
845:
389:
357:
334:
264:
247:
adopted new Cuman laws under the pressure of the Catholic Church. However, many
84:
61:
437:
714:
284:
724:
A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig: Életrajzi Lexikon
749:(in Hungarian). Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Támogatott Kutatások Irodája.
307:
280:
208:
114:
303:
276:
272:
248:
701:
Kristó, Gyula (1999). "I. Károly király főúri elitje (1301–1309) ".
297:
369:) in October 1298 and in Borsod County in the following year.
223:, establishing an alliance between the two powerful kindreds.
380:
to the Hungarian throne, similarly to his cousins (including
372:
Following the death of Andrew III and the extinction of the
361:
Western Hungary. In addition, Roland also bore the title of
337:, who was first mentioned in that capacity in August 1284.
770:(in Hungarian). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete.
686:(in Hungarian). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete.
647:
645:
512:
510:
183:
Roland II was born into the influential and prestigious
333:. Thus Roland also lost his office. He was replaced by
485:
483:
302:
Remains of the stone wall of Gede Castle (present-day
146:
128:
113:
105:
98:
80:
57:
47:
40:
21:
682:Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1301–1457, I
376:in 1301, Roland presumably supported the claim of
365:. Roland held an assembly at Gáva (today part of
766:Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301
745:A nádori intézmény korai története, 1000–1342
216:and Gömör Counties, and married a daughter of
8:
806:
314:For his military service, Roland was made
29:
18:
994:Masters of the horse (Kingdom of Hungary)
709:(1). Magyar Történelmi Társulat: 41–62.
663:
651:
636:
528:
516:
453:
624:
600:
576:
612:
588:
564:
552:
540:
501:
489:
7:
255:instead of obeying the papal legate
430:. The young prince disembarked in
206:(also "the Blind"), who served as
157:Roland (II) from the kindred Rátót
14:
202:in 1241. Roland II had a brother
194:Leustach II. His grandfather was
728:(in Hungarian). Helikon Kiadó.
477:(Genus Rátót 7. Jolsvai branch)
348:for the Transdanubian region (
1:
979:14th-century Hungarian people
974:13th-century Hungarian people
171:. He was the ancestor of the
464:(Genus Rátót 1. main branch)
412:, considered, these barons,
16:Hungarian baron (died 1307)
1010:
263:successfully defended the
165:Rátót nembeli (II.) Roland
35:Seal of Roland Rátót, 1299
942:
925:
917:
907:
887:
874:
862:
851:
841:
836:
809:
764:Zsoldos, Attila (2011a).
354:palatinus ultradanubialis
28:
310:), owned by Roland Rátót
283:), where the rebellious
198:, who was killed in the
91:several office-holders
73:several office-holders
946:several office-holders
921:several office-holders
722:Markó, László (2006).
353:
344:, Roland Rátót became
311:
271:(present-day Igriș in
164:
743:Szőcs, Tibor (2014).
427:Illuminated Chronicle
378:Wenceslaus of Bohemia
301:
989:Palatines of Hungary
422:Charles II of Naples
265:Cistercian monastery
964:13th-century births
929:Palatine of Hungary
891:Palatine of Hungary
855:Master of the horse
680:Engel, Pál (1996).
567:, pp. 174–175.
363:Judge of the Cumans
356:) – simultaneously
346:Palatine of Hungary
316:Master of the horse
169:Palatine of Hungary
42:Palatine of Hungary
837:Political offices
312:
291:(near present-day
289:battle at Lake Hód
952:
951:
943:Succeeded by
937:
908:Succeeded by
902:
863:Succeeded by
798:978-963-7220-75-3
777:978-963-9627-38-3
756:978-963-508-697-9
400:and Amadeus Aba.
251:decided to leave
154:
153:
94:
89:
76:
71:
23:Roland (II) Rátót
1001:
947:
936:
935:alongside others
933:
931:
922:
918:Preceded by
901:
895:
893:
883:Nicholas Kőszegi
875:Preceded by
869:
857:
848:
842:Preceded by
832:
825:
807:
802:
781:
760:
739:
718:
705:(in Hungarian).
697:
667:
661:
655:
649:
640:
634:
628:
622:
616:
610:
604:
598:
592:
586:
580:
574:
568:
562:
556:
550:
544:
538:
532:
526:
520:
514:
505:
499:
493:
487:
478:
471:
465:
458:
414:Matthew III Csák
293:Hódmezővásárhely
261:Nicholas "Vecse"
190:, as the son of
101:
92:
87:
74:
69:
67:Nicholas Kőszegi
33:
19:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
998:
954:
953:
948:
945:
939:
934:
932:
927:
923:
920:
913:
904:
896:
894:
889:
885:
881:
870:
865:
859:
853:
849:
844:
826:
820:
819:
812:
805:
799:
784:
778:
763:
757:
742:
736:
721:
700:
694:
679:
675:
670:
662:
658:
650:
643:
635:
631:
623:
619:
611:
607:
599:
595:
587:
583:
575:
571:
563:
559:
551:
547:
539:
535:
527:
523:
515:
508:
500:
496:
488:
481:
472:
468:
459:
455:
451:
416:, Amadeus Aba,
241:
181:
141:
137:
133:
99:
90:
72:
65:
52:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1007:
1005:
997:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
956:
955:
950:
949:
944:
941:
924:
919:
915:
914:
909:
906:
886:
876:
872:
871:
864:
861:
850:
843:
839:
838:
834:
833:
813:
810:
804:
803:
797:
782:
776:
761:
755:
740:
734:
719:
698:
692:
676:
674:
671:
669:
668:
666:, p. 298.
656:
654:, p. 292.
641:
639:, p. 296.
629:
617:
605:
593:
591:, p. 470.
581:
569:
557:
555:, p. 197.
545:
533:
521:
506:
504:, p. 316.
494:
492:, p. 250.
479:
466:
452:
450:
447:
240:
237:
200:Battle of Mohi
180:
177:
173:Jolsvai family
152:
151:
148:
144:
143:
130:
126:
125:
117:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
96:
95:
82:
78:
77:
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
44:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1006:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
984:Rátót (genus)
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
961:
959:
938:
930:
916:
912:
903:
900:
892:
884:
879:
873:
868:
858:
856:
847:
840:
835:
830:
823:
818:
817:
808:
800:
794:
790:
788:
783:
779:
773:
769:
767:
762:
758:
752:
748:
746:
741:
737:
735:963-208-970-7
731:
727:
725:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
699:
695:
693:963-8312-44-0
689:
685:
683:
678:
677:
672:
665:
664:Zsoldos 2011b
660:
657:
653:
652:Zsoldos 2011b
648:
646:
642:
638:
637:Zsoldos 2011b
633:
630:
627:, p. 50.
626:
621:
618:
614:
609:
606:
603:, p. 48.
602:
597:
594:
590:
585:
582:
579:, p. 46.
578:
573:
570:
566:
561:
558:
554:
549:
546:
543:, p. 95.
542:
537:
534:
531:, p. 25.
530:
529:Zsoldos 2011a
525:
522:
519:, p. 58.
518:
517:Zsoldos 2011a
513:
511:
507:
503:
498:
495:
491:
486:
484:
480:
476:
470:
467:
463:
457:
454:
448:
446:
442:
440:
439:
433:
429:
428:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
401:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
374:Árpád dynasty
370:
368:
367:Gávavencsellő
364:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
322:
317:
309:
305:
300:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
238:
236:
234:
230:
224:
222:
219:
215:
211:
210:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
187:
178:
176:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
149:
145:
140:
136:
132:Desiderius II
131:
127:
124:
122:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
97:
86:
83:
79:
68:
63:
60:
56:
50:
46:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
926:
888:
852:
828:
821:
814:
789:
786:
768:
765:
747:
744:
726:
723:
706:
702:
684:
681:
659:
632:
620:
615:, p. 2.
608:
596:
584:
572:
560:
548:
536:
524:
497:
474:
469:
461:
456:
443:
436:
425:
418:Ivan Kőszegi
406:Gyula Kristó
402:
371:
339:
331:Peter I Csák
320:
313:
245:Ladislaus IV
242:
225:
221:Stephen Ákos
207:
204:Desiderius I
191:
188:(clan) Rátót
185:
182:
156:
155:
120:
115:Noble family
969:1307 deaths
911:Amadeus Aba
878:Amadeus Aba
867:James Borsa
816:Genus Rátót
625:Kristó 1999
601:Kristó 1999
577:Kristó 1999
390:Amadeus Aba
335:James Borsa
295:) in 1282.
229:Leustach IV
150:Leustach II
142:Stephen III
135:Leustach IV
85:Amadeus Aba
62:Amadeus Aba
58:Predecessor
958:Categories
940:1303–1307
905:1298–1299
897:alongside
613:Engel 1996
589:Engel 1996
565:Szőcs 2014
553:Szőcs 2014
541:Szőcs 2014
502:Engel 1996
490:Markó 2006
475:Genealógia
462:Genealógia
449:References
438:status quo
410:Jenő Szűcs
398:Ugrin Csák
382:Dominic II
342:Andrew III
327:Matthew II
233:Roland III
139:Roland III
93:(2nd term)
88:(1st term)
75:(2nd term)
70:(1st term)
811:Roland II
715:0039-8098
394:Charles I
388:oligarch
285:Finta Aba
196:Dominic I
161:Hungarian
81:Successor
53:1303–1307
51:1298–1299
899:Apor Péc
846:Apor Péc
824: ?
703:Századok
358:Apor Péc
308:Slovakia
281:Slovakia
218:oligarch
192:magister
673:Sources
473:Engel:
460:Engel:
386:Charles
304:Hodejov
277:Hodejov
273:Romania
253:Hungary
827:
795:
774:
753:
732:
713:
690:
257:Philip
249:Cumans
239:Career
214:Borsod
179:Family
147:Father
880:&
860:1283
831:1307
829:Died:
822:Born:
432:Split
350:Latin
269:Egres
209:ispán
129:Issue
123:Rátót
100:
64:&
48:Reign
793:ISBN
772:ISBN
751:ISBN
730:ISBN
711:ISSN
688:ISBN
408:and
329:and
323:Csák
321:gens
231:and
186:gens
121:gens
109:1307
106:Died
707:133
306:in
267:at
212:of
960::
644:^
509:^
482:^
352::
279:,
175:.
163::
801:.
780:.
759:.
738:.
717:.
696:.
159:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
