1164:(Heliö 2004) "Still, we must note that there is no actual story in the game of the role-playing game, though there are events, characters, and structures of narrativity giving the players the basis for interpreting it as a narrative. We have many partially open structures that we may fulfill with our imagination during the course of the game – within its limitations. We also have the ability to follow different kinds of narrative premises and structures as well as imitate them for ourselves to create more authentic and suitable narrative experiences. We have the 'narrative desire' to make pieces we interpret to relate to each other fit in, to construct the plot from recurring and parallel elements."
1659:(Tychsen et al. 2005:215–216) "The areas for which a GM can be responsible, regardless of the game platform (PnP RPG, LARP, CRPG or MMOG), vary not only internally in games from each platform but also across platforms. A GM in an MMOG generally has different responsibilities than a GM in a PnP RPG. These differences can be related to a limited number of variables, such as the media of expression. In some tabletop role-playing games, including Dungeons and Dragons, the GM is referred to as the Dungeon Master or DM. The full range of possible responsibilities of GMs can be subdivided into the following five categories, which also cover the functions of automated storytelling engines: "
1350:(Tychsen 2006:78–79) "The GM assumes a variety of responsibilities in PnP RPGs, depending on the playing style used, however, these normally include facilitation of game flow and game story, providing environmental content of the fictional reality, as well as administrating rules and arbitrating conflicts. ... In RPGs, the rules specify a great deal more than how pieces are moved on a game board. Because these games are focused on player characters, the rules are designed to govern the nature of these story protagonists and the fictional reality they act in. ... Note that the rules systems in PnP RPGs can be modified or ignored on the fly by the GM or players if so desired."
1677:(Tychsen et al. 2005:218) "CRPGs can be separated into ... those few who have incorporated a GM toolkit instead of a fully automated storytelling engine. ... In PnP RPGs and LARPs all lines of normal human communication are available: Speech, Emotion and Body Language (Figure 3). In CRPGs and MMOGs, they become narrowed down due to technical limitations, albeit with the added feature of Scripting as a means of communication. Additionally, contemporary game engines do not allow for on-the-fly updating of the game world and generation of new content in reaction to the actions of the player-controlled avatars (or characters in PnP RPG terminology)."
1087:(Heliö 2004) "In the family of role-playing games there are also a whole bunch of other game types and game-like activities that can be included or excluded, like the collectible card games (such as Magic: The Gathering) and board and strategy games (like Warhammer 40.000), or different forms of theatrical and larp-like combinations, such as fate-play. The action of role-playing is usually somehow present in these game forms, but the focus can be more either in the competitive nature of the game (MtG, Warhammer), or in the immersive performance (as in fate-play), than in role-playing itself."
1507:(Heliö 2004) "Naturally, an off-game object does not actually transform into the object it is imagined as being in-game: for instance, if an airplane in the sky becomes a dragon in some larpers' imaginations, it does not actually turn into a dragon – and even the players do not actually think so. The group of players has a common contract stating how to behave in the situation because they willingly share the game's make-believe world. In order to sustain the agreed immersion, the 'dragon's' airplaneness' should not, in any case, be directly voiced aloud."
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1622:(Heliö 2004) "Even if a game does not support active role-playing, as most of the massively multiplayer online role-playing games fail to do (Dark Age of Camelot and others), experienced role-players may adopt the mindset and take advantage of the game's communication functionalities, and start to role-play. This, however, requires the willing support or at least acceptance of the other players – any one of us can act like a prince, but if the others won't play along, it does not constitute role-playing."
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996:(Tychsen et al. 2006:255) "LARPs can be viewed as forming a distinct category of RPG because of two unique features: (a) The players physically embody their characters, and (b) the game takes place in a physical frame. Embodiment means that the physical actions of the player are regarded as those of the character. Whereas in an RPG played by a group sitting around a table, players describe the actions of their characters (e.g., "I run to stand beside my friend")"
984:(Tychsen 2006:76) "The variety of role-playing games makes it inherently challenging to provide a common definition. However, all forms of role-playing games – be they PnP RPGs, CRPGs, MMORPGs, or LARPS – share a group of characteristics, which makes them identifiable from other types of games: storytelling with rules, control of fictional characters, a fictitious reality, usually the presence of a game master (or game engine), and at least one player."
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1595:(Tychsen 2006:75) "A major source of inspiration of computer games of all genres is role-playing games. Being of a somewhat similar age as computer games, Pen and Paper Role Playing Games (PnP RPGs), a specialized form of table-top games (TTGs) involving multiple participants interacting in a fictional world, have influenced not only the Computer Role Playing Game (CRPG) genre , but virtually all types of computer games..."
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1533:"Live combat... requires the players' abilities to perform an action. You want to hit someone with a sword? You have to actually hit the player with a prop representing a sword, usually a padded weapon. ... Simulated combat is more abstract. It uses an external method that does not rely on player ability. For example, if you want to hit the other person with a sword, you may have to make a rock-paper-scissors challenge.
408:. Events, characters, and narrative structure give a sense of a narrative experience, and the game need not have a strongly-defined storyline. Interactivity is the crucial difference between role-playing games and traditional fiction. Whereas a viewer of a television show is a passive observer, a player in a role-playing game makes choices that affect the story. Such role-playing games extend an older tradition of
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589:. Participants act out their characters' actions instead of describing them, and the real environment is used to represent the imaginary setting of the game world. Players are often costumed as their characters and use appropriate props, and the venue may be decorated to resemble the fictional setting. Some live-action role-playing games use
1581:(Tychsen et al. 2005:218) " forced to let go of the game and let it take on a life of its own outside his or her control. While based on similar principles, the requirements therefore very different in practice from GMs in PnP RPGs... The GM is generally, unless the LARP is small in terms of the number of participants,
523:(PnP) RPGs are conducted through discussion in a small social gathering. The GM describes the game world and its inhabitants. The other players describe the intended actions of their characters, and the GM describes the outcomes. Some outcomes are determined by the game system, and some are chosen by the GM.
1038:(Tychsen 2006:75) "PnP RPGs are an example of interactive narratives. The rules and fictional worlds that form the basis for these games function as a vessel for collaborative, interactive storytelling. This is possibly the most important feature of PnP RPGs, and one that CRPGs have yet to reproduce."
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One common feature of many RPGs is the role of a gamemaster, a participant who has special duties to present the fictional setting, arbitrate the results of character actions, and maintain the narrative flow. In tabletop and live-action RPGs the GM performs these duties in person. In video RPGs, many
419:, role-playing games add a level of sophistication and persistence to this basic idea with additions such as game facilitators and rules of interaction. Participants in a role-playing game will generate specific characters and an ongoing plot. A consistent system of rules and a more or less realistic
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LARPs vary in size from a handful of players to several thousand, and in duration from a couple of hours to several days. Because the number of players in a LARP is usually larger than in a tabletop role-playing game, and the players may be interacting in separate physical spaces, there is typically
642:. These early computer RPGs influenced all of electronic gaming, as well as spawning the role-playing video game genre. Some authors divide digital role-playing games into two intertwined groups: single-player games using RPG-style mechanics, and multiplayer games incorporating social interaction.
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As suggested by the name, TRPGs are played face-to-face (around a table, most likely), and involve players 'acting out' a role. This acting is not always literal. Players do not arrive in costume or speak exclusively in character – something that differentiates TRPGs from live-action role-playing
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In contrast to player characters, non-player characters (NPCs) are controlled by the gamemaster or game engine, or by people assisting the gamemaster. Non-player characters fill out the population of the fictional setting and can act as antagonists, bystanders, or allies of the player characters.
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The LRP player, like a stage actor, is a person who undergoes a transformation into a character. The character's costume and accessories, or kit, aids this transformation ... Physical structures may be used as game locations, and sometimes even purposely constructed to enhance the game world ...
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In some ways, the emphasis on character development has impeded progress in storytelling with RPGs. The central premise of these is that the player steadily builds his abilities by acquiring wealth, tools, weapons, and experience. This emphasis on character development tends to work against the
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But roleplaying is not purely educational. It's also one of the most creative possible entertainments. Most entertainment is passive: the audience just sits and watches, without taking part in the creative process. In roleplaying, the "audience" joins in the creation, which may introduce a huge
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responsible for keeping the narrative flow. The GM can however oversee the progress of the game and help or influence where needed... Establishing a hierarchy of GMs and NPCs to monitor the game and ensure everyone is entertained and activated within the shared game space is a typical way of
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of MUDs with graphic interfaces. Most MMORPGs do not actively promote in-character role-playing, however, players can use the games' communication functions to role-play so long as other players cooperate. The majority of players in MMORPGs do not engage in role-playing in this sense.
654:, on which they base much of their terminology, settings, and game mechanics. This translation changes the experience of the game, providing a visual representation of the world but emphasizing statistical character development over collaborative, interactive storytelling.
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Another standard concept in RPGs is the player character, a character in the fictional world of the game whose actions the player controls. Typically each player controls a separate player character, sometimes more, each of whom acts as a protagonist in the story.
1359:(Copier 2005:3) "...fantasy role-playing as a commercial product was developed in the 1970s as Dungeons and Dragons (D&D, 1974) by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson. The game was based on a combination of their interests in table-top wargaming and literary fantasy."
321:. Players take responsibility for acting out these roles within a narrative, either through literal acting or through a process of structured decision-making regarding character development. Actions taken within many games succeed or fail according to a formal
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Tabletop role-playing games have been translated into a variety of electronic formats. As early as 1974, the same year as the release of
Dungeons & Dragons, unlicensed versions of it were developed on mainframe university systems under titles such as
489:. These types of games tend to reduce or eliminate the use of dice and other randomizing elements. Some games are played with characters created before the game by the GM, rather than those created by the players. This type of game is typically played at
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in which players control a character, or team of characters, who undertake(s) quests and may include player capabilities that advance using statistical mechanics. These electronic games sometimes share settings and rules with tabletop RPGs, but emphasize
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needs of dramatic development – dramatic twists and turns clash with the prevailing tone of steady development. Fortunately, this impediment is not fundamental to the RPG genre; it is a cultural expectation rather than an architectural necessity.
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The Role-Playing Game (RPG) is one of the major genres of games and has proven an extremely portable concept – from the physically embodied live action and tabletop formats to the various digital, mobile and even enhanced and augmented reality
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can be used to add elements of computer gaming to in-person tabletop role-playing, where computers are used for record-keeping and sometimes to resolve combat, while the participants generally make decisions concerning character interaction.
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led to the birth of the tabletop role-playing game industry, which publishes games with many different themes, rules, and styles of play. The popularity of tabletop games has decreased since the modern releases of online MMO RPGs.
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impact on the project. The GM is the chief storyteller, but the players are responsible for portraying their characters. If they want something to happen in the story, they make it happen, because they're in the story.
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Although
Werewolf is a game, it is more concerned with storytelling than it is with winning. Werewolf is a tool enabling you to become involved in tales of passion and glory and to help tell those stories
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may also be used in therapy settings to help individuals develop behavioral, social, and even language skills. Beneficiaries commonly include young people with neurodevelopmental conditions, such as
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Yee, N. (2006). The
Demographics, Motivations and Derived Experiences of Users of Massively-Multiuser Online Graphical Environments. PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 15, 309-329.
1800:. IE '06: Proceedings of the 3rd Australasian conference on Interactive entertainment. Proceedings of the 3rd Australasian conference on Interactive entertainment. Australia. pp. 75–82.
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Online text-based role-playing games involve many players using some type of text-based interface and an
Internet connection to play an RPG. Games played in a real-time way include
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Tychsen, Anders; Hitchens, Michael; Brolund, Thea; Kavakli, Manolya (July 2006). "Live Action Role-Playing Games: Control, Communication, Storytelling, and MMORPG Similarities".
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1341:(Tychsen 2006:77) "In PnP RPGs, the general game process consists of information-feedback cycles between the players and the GM, or internally within the group."
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games (LARPs). Instead, players develop characters based on certain rules and are responsible for deciding what those characters do over the course of the game.
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Role-playing games are played in a wide variety of formats, ranging from discussing character interaction in tabletop form, physically acting out characters in
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less of an emphasis on tightly maintaining a narrative or directly entertaining the players, and game sessions are often managed in a more distributed manner.
340:(GM) usually decides on the rules and setting to be used, while acting as the referee; each of the other players takes on the role of a single character.
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However, the majority of players in MMORPGs do not role-play at all, but self-play, that is, play as being themselves without adopting a fictional role.
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Widing, Gabriel (2008). "We Lost Our World and Made New Ones: Live Role-Playing in Modern Times". In Markus, Montola; Jaakko, Stenros (eds.).
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or comparison of attributes to resolve conflicts symbolically, while other LARPs use physical combat with simulated arms such as
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744:. However, some multi-player video RPGs also allow for a participant to take on a GM role through a visual interface called a
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Both authors and major publishers of tabletop role-playing games consider them to be a form of interactive and collaborative
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1668:(Tychsen et al. 2006:255) "In a computer RPG, the role of the GM is taken on (with varying degrees of success) by software."
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Players frequently use physical artifacts as props and tools in their role-play, primarily to back up their character roles.
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A roleplaying game is a storytelling game that has elements of the games of make-believe that many of us played as children.
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A live action roleplaying game is a cross between a traditional 'tabletop' roleplaying game and improvisational theatre.
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1686:(Tychsen et al. 2005:216) "The environment needs to be filled out with non-player controlled characters (NPCs)
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This is the format in which role-playing games were first popularized. The first commercially available RPG,
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336:(LARP), players physically perform their characters' actions. In both of these forms, an arranger called a
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Massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) combine the large-scale social interaction and
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An adventurer finds a teleportation portal while exploring a dungeon in the role-playing video game
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controlling large fantasy LARPS. This structure is usually established before the game commences."
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1468:. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 3166. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg. p. 131.
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1572:(Tychsen et al. 2006:258) "Games range in size from a handful to more than 4,000 players"
1176:"Role-Playing and Playing Roles: The Person, Player, and Persona in Fantasy Role-Playing"
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There are several forms of role-playing games. The original form, sometimes called the
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are sometimes used, though neither a table nor pen and paper are strictly necessary.
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to playing characters virtually in digital media. There is also a great variety of
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1703:"Connecting Worlds. Fantasy Role-Playing Games, Ritual Acts and the Magic Circle"
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activity may be present in such games, but it is not the primary focus. The term
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Rules for role play in
Virtual Game Worlds Case study: The Pataphysic Institute
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This type of game is well-established, so some RPG-related game forms, such as
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Tychsen, Anders; Hitchens, Michael; Brolund, Thea; Kavakli, Manolya (2005).
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While simple forms of role-playing exist in traditional children's games of
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Game in which players assume the roles of characters in a fictional setting
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Tychsen, Anders; Newman, Ken; Brolund, Thea; Hitchens, Michael (2007).
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Rules to Live by: A Live Action
Roleplaying Conflict Resolution System
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Role
Playing Games – Comparative Analysis Across Two Media Platforms
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Proceedings of DiGRA 2005 Conference: Changing Views--Worlds in Play
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A group playing a tabletop RPG. The GM is at left using a cardboard
1638:. Proceedings of the Digital Arts and Culture Conference. p. 1
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in games ranges from just enough internal consistency to set up a
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Dungeons and
Desktops: The History of Computer Role-Playing Games
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and exercises used in teaching, training, and academic research.
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Several varieties of RPG also exist in electronic media, such as
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The Second
Australasian Conference on Interactive Entertainment
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493:, or in standalone games that do not form part of a campaign.
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where a small party of friends collaborate to create a story.
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748:, albeit with abilities limited by the available technology.
332:(TRPG or TTRPG), is conducted through discussion, whereas in
1462:"Live Role-Playing Games: Implications for Pervasive Gaming"
1312:. Digital Games Research Association (DiGRA). Archived from
378:, may not be included under the definition. Some amount of
552:. To distinguish this form of RPG from other formats, the
354:(MMORPGs). Role-playing games also include single-player
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The
Creation of Narrative in Tabletop Role-Playing Games
1251:"Dungeons of the mind: Tabletop RPGs as social therapy"
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Second Person: Roleplaying and Story in Playable Media
1781:. Creativity and Cognition Studios Press. p. 218
1225:"Dungeons & Dragons is now being used as therapy"
1734:"Role-Playing: A Narrative Experience and a Mindset"
1428:Kilgallon, John; Sandy Antunes; Mike Young (2001).
1310:
Proceedings of DiGRA 2007 Conference: Situated Play
1277:"Helping dyslexic students with role-playing games"
540:hobby and was published in 1974. The popularity of
386:is also sometimes used to describe games involving
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313:) is a game in which players assume the roles of
697:. Games played in a turn-based fashion include
352:massively multiplayer online role-playing games
1712:. Digital Games Research Association (DiGRA).
740:of the functions of a GM are fulfilled by the
681:Massively multiplayer online role-playing game
536:), was inspired by fantasy literature and the
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548:This format is often referred to simply as a
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8:
1632:Eladhari, Mirjam P; Mateas, Michael (2009).
894:Harrigan, Pat; Wardrip-Fruin, Noah (2007).
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32:Not to be confused with other forms of
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455:attention-deficit hyperactive disorder
1521:. Interactivities Ink. pp. 7–8.
372:trading/collectible card games (CCGs)
350:and their graphics-based successors,
7:
1719:from the original on 10 October 2006
956:. McFarland & Company. pp.
840:List of role-playing game publishers
509:to hide dice rolls from the players.
1466:Entertainment Computing – ICEC 2004
1174:Waskul, Dennis; Lust, Matt (2004).
1141:. 6 June 2008. pp. Chapter 1.
677:Online text-based role-playing game
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1432:. Interactivities Ink. p. 1.
1059:. New Riders Publishing. pp.
865:List of role-playing game software
845:List of role-playing games by name
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1376:Barton, Matt (22 February 2008).
824:List of role-playing game artists
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1011:""Narrative" or "Tabletop" RPGs"
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1249:Berg, Chris (25 October 2016).
561:pen and paper role-playing game
1223:White, Catriona (3 May 2017).
870:Play-by-post role-playing game
836:(including role-playing games)
819:Timeline of role-playing games
323:system of rules and guidelines
1:
1413:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1275:Leung, Ethan (2 April 2018).
1055:Chris Crawford on Game Design
814:History of role-playing games
573:Live action role-playing game
1106:. 1994. pp. Chapter 1.
933:. 2004. pp. Chapter 1.
948:Grouling, Jennifer (2010).
860:Japanese role-playing games
585:A LARP is played more like
447:Tabletop role-playing games
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834:List of game manufacturers
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666:Typical MUD interface for
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365:collaborative storytelling
348:Multi-User Dungeons (MUDs)
330:tabletop role-playing game
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1517:Young, Mike, ed. (2003).
855:Polish role-playing games
850:List of campaign settings
693:, and other varieties of
443:of real-world processes.
1821:10.1177/1555412006290445
1794:Tychsen, Anders (2006).
1701:Copier, Marinka (2005).
1195:10.1525/si.2004.27.3.333
1099:Werewolf: The Apocalypse
1051:Crawford, Chris (2003).
900:. MIT University Press.
717:Computer-assisted gaming
400:Role-playing game theory
356:role-playing video games
334:live action role-playing
1132:Dungeons & Dragons
804:Role-playing game terms
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587:improvisational theatre
425:suspension of disbelief
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652:Dungeons & Dragons
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345:multiplayer text-based
1851:at Wikimedia Commons
1104:White Wolf Publishing
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361:character advancement
1741:Beyond role and play
1732:Heliö, Satu (2004).
1458:Davenport, Glorianna
1139:Wizards of the Coast
773:Non-player character
767:Non-player character
581:A fantasy LARP group
309:, or abbreviated as
199:Non-player character
1978:List of game genres
1743:(PDF). Solmukohta.
931:Steve Jackson Games
591:rock paper scissors
388:roleplay simulation
305:(sometimes spelled
42:Part of a series on
2002:Role-playing games
1849:Role-playing games
1485:on 2 February 2013
1204:on 4 December 2012
875:Conversation games
809:Gaming conventions
703:play-by-post games
699:play-by-mail games
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491:gaming conventions
437:credible challenge
410:storytelling games
107:Character creation
48:Role-playing games
18:Role-Playing Games
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1847:Media related to
1808:Games and Culture
1775:"The Game Master"
1750:978-952-91-6843-9
1556:978-952-92-3579-7
1547:Playground Worlds
1528:978-0-9708356-8-0
1475:978-3-540-22947-6
1439:978-0-9708356-0-4
1393:978-1-4398-6524-8
1148:978-0-7869-4867-3
1134:Player's Handbook
1113:978-1-56504-112-7
1070:978-0-13-146099-7
1017:on 29 August 2008
967:978-0-7864-4451-9
550:role-playing game
487:storytelling game
439:up to full-blown
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1519:The Book of LARP
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1478:. Archived from
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758:Player character
752:Player character
710:persistent world
609:Electronic media
479:systems of rules
433:believable story
421:campaign setting
307:roleplaying game
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194:Player character
102:Campaign setting
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1319:on 25 June 2010
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451:Autism spectrum
427:. The level of
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317:in a fictional
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159:Threefold model
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30:
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1838:External links
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1815:(3): 252–275.
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1760:on 1 May 2011
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519:Tabletop and
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2007:Nerd culture
1997:Role-playing
1927:Role-playing
1926:
1841:
1812:
1806:
1796:
1783:. Retrieved
1778:
1762:. Retrieved
1755:the original
1740:
1721:. Retrieved
1709:
1682:
1673:
1664:
1655:
1647:
1640:. Retrieved
1634:
1627:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1577:
1568:
1560:
1546:
1540:
1532:
1518:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1487:. Retrieved
1480:the original
1465:
1451:
1443:
1429:
1423:
1397:. Retrieved
1378:
1355:
1346:
1337:
1328:
1321:. Retrieved
1314:the original
1309:
1296:
1284:. Retrieved
1280:
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1254:
1244:
1232:. Retrieved
1228:
1218:
1206:. Retrieved
1199:the original
1186:
1182:
1169:
1160:
1152:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1117:
1098:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1054:
1019:. Retrieved
1015:the original
980:
971:
951:
943:
934:
925:
896:
889:
796:Games portal
776:
761:
745:
738:
715:
707:
684:
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651:
649:
639:
635:
632:
626:Falcon's Eye
624:
603:
599:foam weapons
595:airsoft guns
584:
560:
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549:
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541:
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445:
417:make believe
414:
406:storytelling
403:
383:
380:role-playing
369:
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327:
310:
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302:
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47:
34:role-playing
26:
1957:Traditional
1642:12 December
1399:29 December
1255:Kill Screen
1208:23 December
1021:9 September
1009:Kim, John.
742:game engine
669:God Wars II
658:Multiplayer
567:Live action
453:disorders,
441:simulations
338:game master
265:WikiProject
229:Production
225:LARP groups
179:Actual play
170:Terminology
76:Live action
1991:Categories
1922:Redemption
1785:3 December
1694:References
1489:28 October
746:GM toolkit
735:Gamemaster
729:Gamemaster
363:more than
315:characters
243:Publishers
189:Gamemaster
154:GNS theory
125:Video game
81:Video game
1764:9 January
1409:cite book
1384:CRC Press
1323:1 January
1229:BBC Three
1119:yourself.
554:retronyms
538:wargaming
469:Varieties
238:Designers
204:Statistic
184:Adventure
1952:Tabletop
1942:Strategy
1912:Guessing
1907:Gambling
1897:Children
1829:12180996
1723:26 April
1714:Archived
1460:(2004).
1330:formats.
782:See also
497:Tabletop
463:dyslexia
376:wargames
137:Diceless
120:Tabletop
71:Tabletop
1183:Caliber
640:Dungeon
542:D&D
534:D&D
461:), and
429:realism
394:Purpose
319:setting
233:Artists
112:History
1947:Street
1902:Chance
1887:genres
1827:
1747:
1553:
1525:
1472:
1436:
1390:
1286:28 May
1260:28 May
1234:28 May
1145:
1110:
1067:
964:
904:
724:People
691:MUSHes
507:screen
149:Theory
132:System
116:Indie
94:Topics
1962:Video
1937:Sport
1932:Skill
1917:Party
1825:S2CID
1758:(PDF)
1737:(PDF)
1717:(PDF)
1706:(PDF)
1483:(PDF)
1317:(PDF)
1306:(PDF)
1202:(PDF)
1179:(PDF)
926:GURPS
881:Notes
212:Lists
86:Forum
63:Types
1885:Game
1787:2008
1766:2009
1745:ISBN
1725:2009
1644:2009
1551:ISBN
1523:ISBN
1491:2008
1470:ISBN
1434:ISBN
1415:link
1401:2022
1388:ISBN
1325:2010
1288:2020
1262:2020
1236:2020
1210:2008
1143:ISBN
1108:ISBN
1065:ISBN
1023:2008
962:ISBN
902:ISBN
701:and
687:MUDs
679:and
638:and
481:and
475:LARP
459:ADHD
374:and
1817:doi
1583:not
1191:doi
1061:163
695:MU*
636:dnd
597:or
559:or
435:or
311:RPG
1993::
1823:.
1811:.
1777:.
1739:.
1708:.
1646:.
1559:.
1531:.
1493:.
1464:.
1442:.
1411:}}
1407:{{
1386:.
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1364:^
1327:.
1308:.
1279:.
1253:.
1227:.
1187:27
1185:.
1181:.
1151:.
1116:.
1073:.
1063:.
1043:^
1031:^
1001:^
989:^
970:.
960:.
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705:.
689:,
601:.
465:.
367:.
325:.
301:A
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1813:1
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1290:.
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1238:.
1212:.
1193::
1025:.
958:6
910:.
629:.
532:(
457:(
290:e
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
