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friendship between Italy and
Austria, Italy and Hungary and Austria and Hungary, which are based on a recognition of the existence of numerous common interests, a concordant policy directed towards the promotion of effective co-operation between the States of Europe and particularly between Italy, Austria and Hungary". In the following paragraph, the three governments undertook "to hold joint consultations whenever at least one of them deems it desirable".
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Protocol No 2 dealt with economic relations between the three governments. In
Article 1 the three governments undertook not to place any obstacles to trade between them and to conclude commercial treaties to that effect. In Article 2, the parties undertook to assist the Hungarian government because
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Protocol No 3 was concluded between only the governments of Italy and
Austria. In Article 1, both governments undertook to negotiate a new trade treaty between them as soon as possible. In Article 2, they undertook to grant each other trade privileges in the new trade treaty to be negotiated.
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Protocol No 1 was very brief and contained no clauses but only a brief statement in which the signatories undertook "To confer together on all problems which particularly concern them, and on problems of a general character, with a view to pursuing, in the spirit of the existing treaties of
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The Rome
Protocols, even though they dealt only with economic development, were part of the process of co-operation between the three signatory governments against the revisionist policies of
100:, which they wished to dismember among themselves. The protocols' co-operation was short-lived since in 1938, Mussolini allowed Hitler to invade Austria, and the Hungarian government, led by
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of the fall in the price of wheat. In
Article 3, the parties undertook to facilitate the rapid transit of goods through the ports of the
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125:. In Article 4, the parties undertook to establish a commission of experts to make further recommendations in the economic field.
23:
First from the left: Benito
Mussolini, first from the right: Gyula Gömbös, second from the right Engelbert Dolfuss
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96:, who had just come to power in Germany, as well as against the territorial integrity of
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80:. All of the protocols went into effect on 12 July 1934 and were registered in
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Chapter from the
Memoirs of Admiral Horthy dealing with the Rome Protocols
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52:) were a series of three international agreements concluded in
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1934 agreements between
Austria, Hungary, and Italy
207:Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)
68:. They were signed by Italian Prime Minister
8:
202:Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
56:on 17 March 1934 between the governments of
212:Treaties of the First Austrian Republic
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7:
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146:League of Nations Treaty Series
82:League of Nations Treaty Series
76:, and Hungarian Prime Minister
1:
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192:Treaties concluded in 1934
222:Austria–Hungary relations
197:Interwar-period treaties
148:, vol. 154, pp. 282-303.
232:Hungary–Italy relations
227:Austria–Italy relations
172:Text of Protocol No. 3
167:Text of Protocol No. 2
162:Text of Protocol No. 1
84:on 12 December 1934.
72:, Austrian Chancellor
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104:, also supported the
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50:Római jegyzőkönyvek
74:Engelbert Dollfuss
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70:Benito Mussolini
42:Römer Protokolle
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156:External links
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29:Rome Protocols
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102:MiklĂłs Horthy
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123:Adriatic Sea
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94:Adolf Hitler
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78:Gyula Gömbös
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108:that year.
106:Third Reich
186:Categories
98:Yugoslavia
88:Background
46:Hungarian
34:‹See Tfd›
62:Hungary
58:Austria
64:, and
38:German
133:Notes
112:Terms
66:Italy
54:Rome
27:The
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31:(
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