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lived a man treated like a pope with his own messengers and insignia. Such an account could have served several purposes: to demonstrate that pagans are so well organized that they have their own pope and pose a serious threat, to shame
Christians into respecting their own pope, or to make pagan society easier to understand to a Christian reader.
536:
773:
and very little is actually known about the temple, interpretations abound. S. C. Rowell suggests that Peter von
Dusburg invented the place to make the Baltic religion appear like a "counter-church". There are many similarities between Romuva and the Christian church: in a place called after Rome
736:
However, no other sources support such statements. The descriptions suggest that the pagan cult had hierarchy and internal organization, which is known not to be true. If the Kriwe were such an influential person, he would have been mentioned in some political accounts of the region. The supposed
686:. His messengers were recognized by a certain rod or other insignia. He guarded the sacred flame and could look into the destiny of deceased followers. He received one third of any booty taken by pagan warriors.
777:
Romuva might have been a sacred place, known as an alkas, which were common among Balts. Peter von
Dusburg might have exaggerated its importance. There have been attempts to link the Kriwe with
994:
566:
921:
979:
885:
693:
in the 16th century. He described an eternal sacred fire, an eternally green oak with idols representing a pagan "trinity":
1012:
559:
745:, or by modern archaeologists. Some details in the descriptions have similarities with other sources. For example, the
1017:
36:
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at funerals to see into the journey of the deceased's soul. Another document by the
Teutonic Knights speaks of the
916:. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series. Cambridge University Press. pp. 125–128.
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in
Lithuanian) that according to Peter von Dusburg was the most important symbol of his power.
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633:, the chief priest or "pagan pope", lived at Romuva and ruled over the religion of all the
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641:. Even though there are considerable doubts whether such a place actually existed, the
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Since the concept of a "pagan pope" became very popular during the times of
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721:- a place name ending) and invented the term "Kriwe of Kriwes" (Lithuanian:
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642:
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Lithuania
Ascending: A Pagan Empire Within East-Central Europe, 1295-1345
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709:. Images appeared based on this description and became very popular with
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812:, meaning 'calm, serene, quiet', stemming from the Proto-Indo-European
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946:. Vol. IV. Boston, Massachusetts: Juozas Kapočius. p. 530.
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713:. Grunau changed the name for the place to Rickoyoto (from Prussian
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158:
951:
667:
625:. In contemporary sources the temple is mentioned only once, by
828:). It is believed that the term derives from a crooked stick (
705:(god of the underworld). The place was guarded by priests and
972:
Foreword to the Past: A Cultural
History of the Baltic People
878:
Foreword to the Past: A Cultural
History of the Baltic People
789:, a modern Polish historian, called Lizdeika the last Kriwe.
781:, a semi-legendary pagan priest and advisor to Grand Duke
662:
According to Peter von
Dusburg, writing in 1326, the name
674:
as a powerful priest who was held in high regard by the
637:. According to Simon Grunau, the temple was central to
587:: a depiction based on the 16th-century account of
940:Simas Sužiedėlis, ed. (1970–1978). "Romuva".
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8:
737:location has never been found either by the
689:This early account was further enhanced by
749:prohibits converted Prussians from having
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617:or a sacred area) in the western part of
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757:who collected a third of the booty from
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801:) in Vilnius was really Kriwe Castle.
761:warriors as an offering to the gods.
7:
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654:borrowed its name from the temple.
629:in 1326. According to his account,
14:
804:The word may be derived from the
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522:
35:
974:. CEU Press. pp. 337–338.
741:, who controlled the whole of
1:
1034:
880:. CEU Press. p. 320.
751:Tulissones vel Ligaschones
666:is derived from the word
621:, one of the regions of
970:Bojtár, Endre (1999).
943:Encyclopedia Lituanica
912:Rowell, S. C. (1994).
876:Bojtár, Endre (1999).
591:
701:(god of thunder) and
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1013:Lithuanian mythology
847:Lithuanian mythology
771:romantic nationalism
747:Treaty of Christburg
613:place of worship (a
583:Romuva sanctuary in
541:Mythology portal
995:Indo-European roots
711:romantic historians
670:. He describes the
658:Historical accounts
605:in the writings of
529:Religion portal
1018:Prussian mythology
639:Prussian mythology
592:
472:Baltic neopaganism
923:978-0-521-45011-9
852:Romuva (religion)
697:(god of spring),
627:Peter von Dusburg
609:) was an alleged
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717:- ruler and
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691:Simon Grunau
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607:Simon Grunau
602:
598:
594:
593:
589:Simon Grunau
509:Valdis Celms
466:Contemporary
444:Sacred grove
433:
411:Ziemassvētki
402:Bluķa vakars
816:. The word
731:krīvu krīvs
680:Lithuanians
312:Lauksargiai
1007:Categories
858:References
759:Samogitian
643:Lithuanian
499:Dievturība
454:Waidelotte
383:Veļu diena
356:Lieldienas
316:Žemėpačiai
232:Lithuanian
59:Lithuanian
952:74-114275
814:*(e)remǝ-
810:ram-/rām-
783:Gediminas
755:blûtekirl
695:Patrimpas
676:Prussians
648:movement
646:neo-pagan
603:Rickoyoto
393:Apkūlības
388:Apjumības
334:Užgavėnės
328:Festivals
307:Barstukai
280:Vėjopatis
276:Bangpūtys
169:Puszajtis
154:Bardoayts
86:Panbaltic
47:Mythology
836:See also
779:Lizdeika
743:Nadruvia
707:vestales
699:Perkūnas
423:Concepts
297:Aitvaras
196:Auseklis
186:Ceroklis
164:Pilnytis
149:Aušlavis
144:Autrimps
139:Swayxtix
134:Potrimpo
118:Prussian
92:Perkūnas
54:Prussian
21:a series
19:Part of
830:krivulė
826:crooked
822:kreivas
727:Latvian
703:Patulas
684:Livonia
585:Prussia
484:Vydūnas
407:Kalėdos
361:Joninės
352:Velykos
285:Rūgutis
271:Aušrinė
257:Žvorūna
253:Medeina
175:Latvian
129:Peckols
124:Patollo
112:Mėnulis
97:Velnias
81:Deities
64:Latvian
978:
950:
920:
884:
806:Baltic
715:rikijs
664:Romuva
651:Romuva
619:Sambia
615:temple
599:Romowe
595:Romuva
479:Romuva
434:Romuva
398:Kūčios
370:Žolinė
338:Meteņi
302:Kaukai
266:Ragana
243:Žemyna
238:Gabija
102:Dievas
818:Kriwe
808:root
672:Kriwe
635:Balts
611:pagan
449:Kriwe
439:Sovij
379:Ilgės
374:Māras
347:Ūsiņi
262:Laumė
248:Laima
226:Mahte
216:Lauma
211:Kārta
206:Dēkla
201:Laima
191:Jumis
181:Ūsiņš
159:Kurka
107:Saulė
976:ISBN
948:LCCN
918:ISBN
882:ISBN
719:-ote
668:Rome
429:Alka
365:Jāņi
343:Jorė
221:Māra
733:).
597:or
1009::
960:^
932:^
896:^
866:^
785:.
729::
725:,
678:,
23:on
984:.
954:.
926:.
890:.
824:(
797:(
568:e
561:t
554:v
409:/
400:/
381:/
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363:/
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336:/
314:/
278:/
264:/
255:/
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