681:). The brochure outlined his belief that agricultural work, being equally difficult for all those engaged in it, created a natural bond between peasants of whatever nationality, and therefore that: "There is no purpose for those who live within the borders of the same country to go to war with each other, even if their mother tongue and religion should be different." His core proposal was toward the establishment of a "clean democracy", providing representation to the peasants, and blocking out all dictatorial projects. Shortly after, the Hunedoara branches of the Groza party and the PNȚ sealed an alliance with each other. Zăroni appeared on the shared electoral list, but again failed to get himself elected.
736:". Immediately after the coup, the reestablished Ploughmen's Front sent him to Bucharest, to negotiate the terms of a new alliance with the PCR. Zăroni claimed that he was apprehensive on his way there, having been persuaded by "Hitlerite propaganda" that the communists were extortionists and brigands, but was then pleasantly surprised that they had a generous agrarian program. Groza's group elected him as a member of its central committee—he served therein down to a general congress on 24 June 1945, when he joined the executive committee. He was also vice president of the Front at a national level, and, assisted by the PCR, began expanding and consolidating the party in most of the country's regions.
1217:, a PNȚ man and a literary historian, has similar recollections from having traveled together with Zăroni in 1945. As Țepelea reports: "Contrary to the humorous folklore that had come to target Zăroni, he sure didn't seem to me like he was intellectually inferior. In fact, he himself had a sense of humor, recounting, with a sort of studied nonchalance, some of the jokes and anecdotes that had him for a protagonist." Another such claim had been advanced in 1998 by journalist Silviu N. Dragomir: "I learned from verified sources that he carried around a special notepad, in which he wrote down all the jokes and epigrams that circulated at his expense."
453:). In some descriptions, he is listed as "a simple man a peasant from Țara Hațegului", located further to the south, on what was then the border with the Kingdom of Romania; his ethnic Romanian parents are known to have been named Ioan and Eva. His official biography noted that he was the son of "destitute plow-wielding peasants", and that he himself "toiled from his earliest years to for his parents' sliver of land, to earn himself a bitter loaf of bread." Various sources contradict this take, describing the Zăronis as a family of wealthy peasants, or
529:("Those Who Have Dismiss Those Who Have Not"). In February 1933, he published therein a sketch of the Front's political program. It called on all peasants to unite into a single political-and-professional organization, while also demanding that the state abolish its courts of arbitration, or Agricultural Chambers, seeing them as instruments of exploitation. That April, speaking at the Front's first congress in Deva, he expressed the belief that the movement would soon catch on "throughout the country." He was thereafter leader of the Front's
566:(PCR, or PCdR). According to the latter's official reports, Zăroni had grown "convinced that the working class, with the Communist Party at its helm, was the only political force that could express the workers' community aspirations toward a dignified and free life". He therefore militated "for the industrial workers' alliance with the toiling peasantry". Zăroni took the initiative in sealing pacts with the PCR and its satellites: in September 1935, he signed the accord of
1067:Ștefania herself died soon after her husband, when a brick fell on her head. Villagers described as either an act of divine retribution for her keeping company with a married man, or homicide committed by that man's enraged wife. The former minister was also survived by four children: Romulus Jr, Victoria and Remus, all from his first marriage, and Ovidiu, from his second. Of these, Romulus Jr was a successful engineer, and in 1965 the co-recipient of a
31:
827:, Zăroni became Minister of Agriculture and Secretary of State. He immediately used this position to advance the land-reform agenda, but in a form adapted to the PCR and his party's own political interests. He was also said to have been highly beneficial for Nădaștia, directing funds toward having its main road paved, and also erecting its House of Culture. His other activities included attending the 13 March celebration in
783:
902:, noting in his speech that he had been "called to lead another department"; also then, Săvulescu honor him as the "artisan of the land reform." As claimed by his official biographies, Zăroni "devoted all his energy and power to the establishment of the people's democratic regime and the construction of socialism." During his tenure at Co-operation, the monarchy was abolished, leading to the establishment of a
1174:". As a result, " was preserved in collective memory long after he no longer held any political offices, with his activity in tackling land reform and the collectivization of agriculture, but most of all with his many blunders." Examples of his inability to comprehend urban etiquette include his rumored habit of wearing gloves on his hand and holding up a third glove, "to fan himself with", or his mistaking a
709:. During World War II, which saw the establishment of successive fascist regimes in Romania, Zăroni was sporadically active—police records show him trying to revive the Ploughmen's Front clandestinely, mainly by participating in propaganda rallies, alongside Groza and others. In one of his later speeches, he himself noted as much, also commending Groza and Belea, for having been arrested or imprisoned by
369:. Zăroni entered the public eye in 1937, when he published an anti-fascist brochure specifically aimed at the peasants; well-liked in leftist circles, it was ridiculed by the conservatives as inadequate. He himself was always seen as subservient to Groza, being consequently ridiculed as Groza's servant, or pet animal. During World War II, Groza entered the
474:. Young Zăroni reportedly got interested in the "workers' movements and the proletariat's struggle", which became main subjects on his reading list. He is known to have studied at an agricultural school in Weimar Germany, returning as a trained agronomist with a direct involvement in improving working techniques—back home, he set up a
820:(FND) embarked on a series of protests; during one of these, guests included a GIAD man, credited simply as Vodă. In his speech, Vodă reported that Zăroni had inspected rural areas, and had found peasants who were "unclothed, barefooted, unfed", and that Hudiță, a landowners' advocate, had allowed this situation to continue.
664:, but the Romanian peasant will endure as he always was: a staunch democrat, a skilled plowman, an 'awakening' elector, a citizen fed on illusions and befuddled by promises. But not a fascist, never that. Especially given that fascism pushes one to work industriously for one's country, for one's kin, for one's own interest.
326:, he was of peasant origins—during his political ascendancy, he presented himself as a destitute smallholder, but was in fact from a well-to-do family, and was himself a prosperous entrepreneur. Though enshrined in popular memory as a dimwitted blunderer, Zăroni had in fact taken an agricultural specialist's diploma in
396:, advancing him to the post of Minister. Zăroni soon antagonized the communists by folding back on his conservatism, which included support for the Romanian monarchy, and by seeking to bring together like-minded members of the Front. He was made Minister of Co-Operation, then, upon the full consolidation of a
518:; as one of Petru Groza's "closest collaborators", he helped establish the Ploughmen's Front in early 1933, when he was aged 26. Unverified reports suggest that he was also Groza's employee, or "servant", at a mill in Călan-Strei. Zăroni's output included amateur poetry, taken up by the Front's newspaper
938:
Faculty of
Agronomy. According to oral tradition, his graduation project was a "superb orchard" in Nădaștia. He was however dissatisfied with his first wife, Tița, who could not take to life in Bucharest, and divorced her; his second wife, Ștefania, was younger, and had worked as a store clerk in the
810:
of the PNȚ. The two men openly disputed with each other—during the first days of
January 1945, Groza was called in to "patch things up" between them. By February, the matter of sowing had become another issue of contention, since Hudiță was calling for massive imports of seeds from the Soviet Union,
815:
speculated that Hudiță was creating a scenario in which the resulting famine would be blamed on the
Soviets' refusal to assist. On 10 February, Zăroni stepped down from the commission on land reform, contributing directly to a crisis which resulted in government being toppled by the PCR. The
939:
capital. He was by then in full-blown conflict with the governing "Romanian
Workers' Party" (or PMR), as the PCR was known during that stage of its history; as a result, he was deposed from his ministerial post on 13 April 1948, and sent to manage the consumers' co-operative network, or
978:, so that he could oversee the merger of local chapters into the PMR. In 1955, he himself requested, and obtained, membership in the PMR. Stripped of his Centrocoop office, though not also of his parliamentary seat, he was professionally integrated as manager of a collectivized farm in
766:, stirring up controversy by telling his audience that he would allow them to plow and reap on any unworked land. This, alongside statements by his colleague Ștefan Prună, was taken as an invitation to full-own confiscation of large states—both were criticized as irresponsible by the
1056:. He was reportedly buried with no religious service. This was viewed as a grave sin by members of his village community, who blamed the decision on his widow Ștefania. In 1967, a proposal was considered by the communist authorities, whereby Zăroni's remains would have been dug up,
910:
was also being enacted, sparking controversy within the government arc: as noted by journalist György Beke, Zăroni's ministry took over the private co-operatives, which were almost universally managed by
Hungarian Romanian peasants, despite being met with repeated protests from
625:, he contributed a "propaganda brochure" advising peasants not to give in to the lure of fascist parties; he was reportedly prompted to write it after witnessing that some plughmen had preferred to join the Iron Guard. The text was admiringly quoted in the left-wing daily,
890:. In a since-declassified document, he himself suggested that the vote was rigged, since in reality some 70 or 80% of the electorate had favored the opposition (in his view, the BPD was despised by the regular folk only because of the PCR's callousness and incompetence).
668:
With this contribution, Zăroni paid public homage to the traditional institutions: nationhood, Christianity, and monarchy; describing himself as committed to all three, he also challenged the fascists' perception of either nation or faith (specifically rejecting their
1161:
as a child, recalls that Groza had in fact presented Zăroni "as if he was trading a horse", by emphasizing the fact that he was "well-built, fit as can be for the job ". In
Hunedoara, peasant interviewees regarded Zăroni as "not bright", and fit for his office "like
866:, were setting themselves against the PCR, advocating "complete independence" for their Front; they also clarified that they still supported the monarchy. Their "Deva group" was actively undermined by card-carrying PCR men who still had Front membership, including
535:-level organization in Hunedoara—in which capacity he "stood up to the landowners and the exploiters", convincing various peasants that they should never vote for the leading right- and left-wing parties. He therefore competed with a dominant agrarian force, the
757:
reported that Zăroni's first activities included requisitioning all forests around
Bucharest, to prop up the city's firewood supply, as well as efforts to obtain that some young peasants be exempted from the draft (and consequently from service on the
689:
In late 1938, Zăroni and MADOSZ's Károly Tar went on a journey to
Bucharest, attempting to convince other parties that they should establish a "united front against warmongering and fascism." As noted by Tar, their demands were published by
1028:. Returning at the Centrocoop as a vice president and member of the executive committee, he also delivered the closing speech at the third co-operatives congress in December 1958. In May 1959, he was part of the delegation welcoming
645:
The arguments presented by
Brother Romulus of Nădăștia are of secondary importance. What should excite all of our combative defenders of democracy is something else: namely, that the Romanian peasant, now obeying his cousin Zăronea
1169:
Formerly a communist journalist, Victor Russu claimed to have seen Groza himself greatly amused by the jokes which circulated about his associate, whom the popular imagination had turned into a stock character, prefiguring
1111:
believes that Zăroni set the bar low with his incompetence, but that afterwards
Romanians became aware that his type of behavior was to be expected from whole categories of new figures ("the Russian", "the activist", "the
490:
business, whereby "the Jewish heathen sucks dry the soul of this nation". Rumors recorded by historian Sorin Radu and Cosmin Budeancă claim that Zăroni's first political engagement was with a right-wing group called
1022:
1039:
Zăroni died on 23 October 1962. Some sources inform that this was "after a long period of severe suffering", while others mention that his cause of death was a heart attack. Two days later, his body was
330:, and was well-read; he was also noted as an amateur poet and author of political manifestos. Before consolidating his political partnership with Groza, he had carved out his own political path as a
1002:
920:
609:
Zăroni was largely unknown to Romanians outside of Hunedoara County, with his name only appearing rarely in the central press; he was however familiar to the Kingdom's secret service, the
1186:, changing his socks but never washing his feet. Outside of legend, Zăroni's wardrobe choices are known to have created public embarrassment—in January 1946, he attended a show at the
919:, Zăroni successfully ran for a renewal of his parliamentary mandate, being first on the FDP electoral list in Târnava-Mică. The Assembly of Deputies was soon after transformed into a
2483:
405:
102:
617:. In October 1936, he appeared in Deva at Groza's trial for sedition, testifying that the prosecution witness was Groza's personal enemy. Zăroni was an unsuccessful candidate in the
811:
whereas Zăroni viewed these as unnecessary; his assessements were backed by a "Group of Democratic Agricultural Engineers" (GIAD). Commenting on the issue, the communist economist
2473:
898:
Upon a reshuffle on 30 November 1946, Zăroni was made Minister of Co-operation. On 3 December, he participated in the searing-in ceremony of his successor at Agriculture,
1545:în Ardeal. Cum grăesc strănepoții lui Horia. De ce nu pot fi țăranii extremiști. O interesantă broșură a unui plugar din Hunedoara — Dela redacția noastră din Cluj", in
1282:"Cui dăm votul și încrederea noastră. Romulus Zăroni ministrul cooperației și membru în comitetul executiv al Frontului Plugarilor candidează în jud. Târnava Mică", in
2533:
1141:
imagine that the most elegant form of irony is to poke fun at the peasant-minister Zăroni and his cultural level". Zăroni's image was further enshrined by clandestine
718:
370:
2478:
2410:
862:. He was also said to have employed locals as his sharecroppers, in exchange for one head of swine each year. Around November 1945, Zăroni and Belea, supported by
1075:. However, his beginnings in the profession had been tinged by controversy, with the PNȚ alleging that his father had illegally obtained a transfer for him from
2503:
2355:
Tudor-Radu Tiron, "Onoruri ale Monarhiei pentru făuritorii Republicii. Decorații atribuite oficialilor guvernului dr. Petru Groza în intervalul 1945–1947", in
373:
and found himself imprisoned as a result. Zăroni himself was less vocal, though he reportedly participated in some efforts to reanimate the Ploughmen's Front.
1677:"Țăranii și pământul. Miniștrii Frontului național-democrat la lucru. Aprovizionarea Capitalei cu lemne; Măsuri pentru sporirea suprafețelor însămânțate", in
943:. He was instead awarded a seat on the presidium of the Great National Assembly, on which he served between 1948 and 1952; from June 1949, he also sat on the
2468:
958:, reportedly informing his Nădaștia colleagues that they were to relinquish their lands and obey the PMR like soldiers their commanding officers—even as the
1103:. During his ministerial tenure, he also acquired the image of a fumbling cretin—"semi-literate, mediocre, incompetent". He became the first and, until
2493:
2558:
2129:
486:
hosted Zăroni's letter calling for a near-complete prohibition. In this text, he was also claiming that the production and sale of spirits was a
2538:
2488:
1076:
817:
767:
248:
2137:
562:
held the top position. Their activity, and that of the Front as a whole, soon became intertwined with efforts undertaken by the underground
2563:
2548:
1716:"Ultima Oră. Polemica din partidul liberal – Campania de lămuriri a maselor – Intrevederea Tătărăscu–Ralea – Diferendul Hudiță–Zăroni", in
986:
963:
916:
1099:
As a parliamentarian, Zăroni struck an unusual note, and was seen as "a bit artistic" by one of his fellow peasants, for always wearing a
2528:
1080:
442:
189:
1213:, who once visited Zăroni in his home, being impressed by his fluency in German and his study room, with as many as 800 books on show.
1187:
463:
1060:, then assigned a crypt in the Monument of the Heroes for the Freedom of the People and of the Motherland, for Socialism (located in
1036:
on his visit to Bucharest. On 24 December 1960, still a vice president of Centrocoop, he also elected on the FDP's central council.
930:, who had since fled abroad. It is possible, but not fully attested, that he completed his education during his time in office, as a
2443:
2344:
1758:"Marea demonstrație F.N.D. din Capitală. Cuvântarea inginerului Vodă din grupul agronomilor dați afară de Hudiță pentrucă [
499:. The authors note that such accounts remain uncorroborated. Zăroni was however officially registered as a League candidate for the
1017:. In January 1958, Zăroni spoke at Groza's funeral, alongside much better situated politicians—including the PMR General Secretary
882:) and "right-wingers". The Front and the FND, now called "Bloc of Democratic Parties" (BPD) still had Zăroni as a candidate in the
1087:, was the only one of Zăroni children still alive in 2013 (Remus is believed to have died while working on the last stages of the
594:
to present his case. He also kept up with the anti-communist side of the peasants' movement, and subscribed to the more centrist
583:
366:
2508:
725:
377:
2518:
1906:
Florian Bichir, "Pamfil Șeicaru, cel mai combativ jurnalist interbelic. Casa confiscată, palatul – sediu al Securității", in
1284:
883:
622:
555:
508:
500:
487:
343:
137:
740:
602:(as one of its few regular readers in all of Hunedoara County); this publication described Groza's movement and the fascist
381:
380:, when the Communist Party and the Ploughmen's Front were allowed to participate in government. Zăroni himself entered the
2543:
2523:
2498:
1195:
903:
544:
397:
2065:"Sosirea la București a tovarășului Țoi En Ghen președintele Prezidiului Adunării Populare Supreme a R.P.D. Coreene", in
751:, commented at the time that Zăroni had thus become "the first true ploughman" to enter a national government. The PCR's
2513:
759:
729:
2553:
1206:
955:
515:
350:
1088:
926:
Zăroni moved into a villa at General Angelescu Street 93, which had once been owned by the anti-communist journalist
571:
536:
362:
353:. As one of the Ploughmen's Front secondary leaders, he supported collaboration with other leftist groups within the
1014:
907:
706:
618:
824:
492:
393:
339:
322:, and served as Minister of Agriculture in 1945–1946. Generally associated with the ethnographic region known as
225:
887:
543:. The latter provided some biographical detail on Zăroni, reporting that he had once attended a congress of the
123:
1033:
944:
563:
467:
358:
235:
990:
835:; he traveled there by train, alongside junior members of the parliamentary opposition, as well as PCR leader
935:
1198:, and, historian Tudor-Radu Tiron notes, committed a faux-pas by wearing its ribbon on his peasant shirt.
392:, becoming complicit in the communist power-grab of March 1945. Groza took over as the communist-appointed
1146:
1127:
The PCR was aware of Zăroni's reputation, and occasionally responded. In August 1946, the party newspaper
1045:
1018:
836:
787:
744:
389:
832:
575:
1201:
In his 1988 memoir, Russu argued that, despite being Groza's "creature", Zăroni was overall "cunning" (
1049:
762:), in order to be available as hired hands in the sowing campaign. He also attended a peasant rally at
1664:
Nichita Paraschiva, "Despre regimul politic din România în perioada 23 august 1944—6 martie 1945", in
971:
2463:
2458:
2431:
2168:
1766:
1736:
1562:
1214:
1113:
1104:
1084:
1057:
637:
331:
323:
319:
230:
2250:
1470:
Vali Corduneanu, "Un manuscris inedit din 1953 reconstituie istoria longevivei mișcări de la gazeta
1117:
927:
871:
2002:
Silviu N. Dragomir, "Capra Vecinului. Din rezistența anticomunistă a intelectualității române", in
975:
948:
912:
899:
702:
691:
674:
94:
1209:
by several people who knew Zăroni, such as some of his former rivals inside the PNȚ. They include
806:, to 28 February 1945. He was serving directly under the titular minister of agriculture, who was
2332:
2226:
1394:
1108:
863:
795:
743:
as the Second Minister of Agriculture and Undersecretary of State, charged with overseeing a new
728:, which toppled Antonescu and briefly restored multiparty democracy. The coup also inaugurated a
632:
559:
354:
303:
940:
803:
401:
385:
1547:
1436:
627:
2439:
2340:
2283:
2133:
2126:"Apărând orânduirea de stat". Siguranța pe urmele lui Gheorghe Crosneff în România interbelică
1908:
1718:
931:
859:
807:
771:
748:
670:
657:
82:
30:
384:
as a high-ranking functionary in the Ministry of Agriculture, preserving his post during the
1072:
1068:
1053:
840:
763:
653:
504:
408:, dying while still in office on its presidium, at age 56. He endured as the butt of many a
2052:"Befejezte munkálatait az RNK fogyasztási szövetkezeteinek III. országos kongresszusa", in
1734:, "Economice. Insămânțările de primăvară. Este bine să importăm semințe din U.R.S.S.?", in
1731:
1210:
967:
867:
812:
699:
614:
540:
413:
311:
193:
128:
579:
514:
Zăroni eventually rallied with the peasants' protest movement, formed in reaction to the
2415:
Anuarul Institutului de Investigare a Crimelor Comunismului și Memoria Exilului Românesc
1191:
1100:
782:
445:
of Austria-Hungary). Sources report his exact birthplace as either Hășdat (now part of
409:
327:
974:. When the Ploughmen's Front was disestablished in February 1953, he was sent over to
850:
One eyewitness report from Hunedoara indicates that Zăroni and his wife owned some 16
2452:
2017:"O delegație a Marii Adunări Naționale a R. P. Romîne a plecat în R. P. Chineză", in
1158:
1131:
reacted against derisive commentary published by an unnamed opposition journalist in
1041:
1006:
994:
710:
587:
471:
434:
185:
705:
had banned Romania's political parties, and was on his way to establish a catch-all
2237:
1175:
998:
714:
539:(PNȚ), but still had friendly contacts with some of its representatives, including
438:
1120:, Zăroni stood out among Romanian politicians for being "at all times cretinous" (
610:
496:
479:
1342:"'Monopolul spirtului'. Păreri venite din popor, dela cei bine înțelegători", in
2102:
1694:
1679:
1498:
1366:
1179:
1029:
1025:
1010:
828:
791:
753:
661:
335:
315:
2255:
2004:
1061:
959:
906:; the BPD was similarly transformed into a People's Democratic Front (FDP). A
603:
599:
475:
1044:
at the Trade Unions' House of Culture, with several party leaders (including
2183:
1880:
1246:
1183:
1150:
1133:
1107:, the only communist-era politician to feature as a humorous target. Writer
858:) of land between them, and also that they may have also operated their own
591:
446:
177:
2030:"Vizita președintelui Ho Și Min la prezidiul Marii Adunări Naționale", in
2411:"Romulus Zăroni: un personaj politic atipic de la jumătatea secolului XX"
2078:"Constituirea Consiliului Central al Frontului Democrației Populare", in
1154:
1052:) serving as his honor guard; he was then taken to burial, by oxcart, to
985:
Zăroni was still a member of the Great National Assembly presidium after
733:
567:
531:
450:
181:
1116:"), who gradually replaced him in folklore. As once noted by journalist
847:, which was relaunched as a propaganda sheet for the Ploughmen's Front.
1692:
Pavel Chirtoacă, "Țăranii să intre în posesia pământului nemuncit", in
1171:
1163:
1142:
851:
786:
Ploughman's Front rally on 24 June 1945. Right to left: Zăroni, Groza,
678:
417:
843:. At that stage, Groza and Zăroni managed to subdue the opposition at
2229:, "Nostalgia unui consens pierdut. Dialog cu Florian Pitiș [
979:
732:, saluted in the Front's propaganda as a "liberation by the glorious
631:, which depicted Zăroni as a spiritual legatee of the peasant leader
548:
349:
Zăroni joined Groza's protest movement in 1933, at the height of the
1496:
V. Munteanu, "Un interesant proces la Deva. Agentul provocator", in
1975:"Consfătuirile delegaților oamenilor muncii pe circumscripții", in
1182:; he is also claimed to have been unbothered by his own persistent
462:
Attending primary school in Nădăștia de Sus, Romulus witnessed the
875:
781:
523:
455:
923:, in which he continued to serve for the remainder of his life.
855:
314:-born Romanian politician and agronomist, who collaborated with
2231:
1878:"Instalarea nouilor miniștri. La ministerul Agriculturii", in
1760:
1157:. Journalist Virgil Lazăr, who attended an electoral rally in
886:, during which he took a seat in the Assembly of Deputies for
648:
2268:"Insemnări pe cotidian. Canibal de mentalitate rasistă", in
1364:"Campania electorală. Lista Ligii Agrare la Hunedoara", in
1001:
and other PMR parliamentarians on their April–May visit to
554:
Zăroni was fourth on the Ploughmen's Front list during the
2281:
Virgil Lazăr, "Memorii (31). Petru Groza... glumețul", in
962:
had already been called in to arrest dissenters. Ahead of
574:(MADOSZ), which represented pro-communist sections of the
1912:, 3 March 2008, p. 8. See also Radu & Budeancă, p. 81
277:
Smallholder, agronomist, entrepreneur, propagandist, poet
1194:
hanging out of his trousers". He was a recipient of the
376:
Groza and Zăroni reached their political apex after the
652:], will never but never again go 'fascist'. Messrs
621:, losing first at Deva and then at Hunedoara. Ahead of
404:. He was allowed to continue political work within the
586:. He was however supportive of drawing the PNȚ into a
2181:"Note și comentarii. Feciorul domnului ministru", in
2166:
I. Adrian, "Orizont științific. Coșuri fără fum", in
1619:
Radu & Budeancă, p. 66. See also Cleja, pp. 49–50
1205:). The popular verdict was also challenged after the
739:
From 4 November 1944, Zăroni had been serving in the
388:. He then helped engineer a crisis over the issue of
466:, during which he had enrolled at what later became
281:
273:
265:
255:
242:
221:
211:
199:
171:
166:
154:
135:
119:
100:
88:
76:
60:
44:
21:
966:, he switched seats, becoming a representative of
61:Romanian Minister of Agriculture and Royal Domains
1083:. Ovidiu, who reached the rank of Colonel in the
947:'s deliberative body, wherein he represented the
570:, creating an alliance between the Front and the
2438:. Arad: Editura Fundației Ioan Slavici, 2000.
2357:Acta Terrae Fogarasiensis. Arheologie – Istorie
954:Zăroni had by then reemerged as a supporter of
2484:Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Romania)
1434:"Campania electorală. Candidaturi depuse", in
1149:, which referred to him as Groza's pet ox, an
495:", which he represented during an election in
2428:, Vol. I, Issue 11, February 1988, pp. 45–48.
2100:"Funeraliile tovarășului Romulus Zăroni", in
1190:in his usual folk dress, "the strings of his
8:
2474:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
2399:Ș. Cleja, "Frontul Plugarilor. Istoric", in
1537:
1535:
1466:
1464:
635:; it was instead mocked by the conservative
1998:
1996:
1994:
823:On 6 March 1945, with Groza taking over as
698:daily, but were already obsolete: by then,
115:30 December 1947 – 23 October 1962
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
775:, but then defended by Pavel Chirtoacă in
310:; 28 April 1906 – 23 October 1962) was an
18:
2253:, "Un tip de omagiu: bancul politic", in
2241:, Vol. III, Issue 136, August 1995, p. 16
2222:
2220:
1278:
1276:
1071:prize for his contribution to perfecting
874:, who openly identified their rivals as "
150:November 1946 – 30 December 1947
56:30 November 1946 – 13 April 1948
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
964:parliamentary elections in November 1952
831:, which marked the Romanian recovery of
606:as equally dangerous for the peasantry.
72:6 March 1945 – 30 November 1946
2534:Members of the Romanian Orthodox Church
1478:, Vol. V, Issue 36, December 2005, p. 1
1388:Clemente Constantin, "Lirica în ziarul
1226:
1124:), that which made him unforgettable.
2479:Members of the Great National Assembly
1560:"Ultima oră. Așa da, bade cutare", in
1137:, responding that: "the exploiters at
802:Zăroni maintained his position in the
717:regime, after having rallied with the
660:may now plead with him, and so may Mr
449:city) or Nădăștia de Sus (absorbed by
2339:, p. 36. Constanța: Ex Ponto, 2001.
1315:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 61–62, 73–74
884:legislative election of November 1946
7:
2504:Romanian Communist Party politicians
1764:] au vrut binele poporului", in
433:Zăroni was born on 28 April 1906 in
342:, and had appeared on its lists for
2469:Ministers of agriculture of Romania
1610:, Vol. XV, Issue IV, May 1971, p. 2
1398:, Vol. 2, Issue 4, April 1966, p. 5
724:Zăroni's career took off after the
619:local election-rounds of early 1937
45:Minister of Co-operation of Romania
2359:, Vol. XI, 2022, pp. 372, 373, 386
1948:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 60–61, 71
623:general elections in December 1937
578:; in December, he approved of the
556:Assembly election of December 1933
522:in 1932–1933. Samples include the
464:union of Transylvania with Romania
441:(the region as a whole was in the
318:in establishing the left-agrarian
16:Romanian politician and agronomist
14:
1806:Țepelea & Șimăndan, pp. 58–61
1606:Károly Tar, "MADOSZ-emlékek", in
1893:György Beke, "Magyar áfium", in
29:
2559:Romanian people of World War II
2196:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 61, 81
2157:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 61, 81
2130:Editura Universității București
1957:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 61, 71
1921:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 61, 74
1779:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 60, 67
1668:, Vol. 20, Issue 6, 1974, p. 27
1646:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 60, 66
1575:Flaneur, "A paraszt tanít", in
1344:Libertatea cu Foaia Interesantă
1306:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 60, 61
2420:Victor Russu, "Amintiri de la
2323:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 83–84
2115:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 81–82
1988:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 71–72
1939:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 80–82
1860:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 70–71
1842:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 69–70
1833:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 68–70
1788:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 67–68
1655:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 66–67
1588:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 65–66
1449:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 63–64
1407:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 62–63
1379:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 75–76
1333:Radu & Budeancă, pp. 61–62
1015:Great National Assembly palace
1:
2539:20th-century Romanian farmers
2494:Ploughmen's Front politicians
2489:Romanian temperance activists
2409:Sorin Radu, Cosmin Budeancă,
2386:Țepelea & Șimăndan, p. 60
1196:Order of the Crown of Romania
956:agricultural collectivization
545:International Agrarian Bureau
527:Sătulul nu crede ălui flămând
344:legislative elections in 1932
182:Nădăștia de Sus (Felsőnádasd)
576:Hungarian Romanian community
357:, including the underground
2564:Burials at Ghencea Cemetery
2549:20th-century Romanian poets
2417:, Vol. IX, 2014, pp. 59–87.
1207:Romanian Revolution of 1989
398:socialist-republican regime
338:. He had caucused with the
2580:
2529:Romanian Austro-Hungarians
2377:Radu & Budeancă, p. 62
2314:Radu & Budeancă, p. 61
2296:Radu & Budeancă, p. 77
2214:Radu & Budeancă, p. 61
2205:Radu & Budeancă, p. 74
2148:Radu & Budeancă, p. 82
2091:Radu & Budeancă, p. 61
2043:Radu & Budeancă, p. 72
1966:Radu & Budeancă, p. 80
1930:Radu & Budeancă, p. 74
1869:Radu & Budeancă, p. 60
1851:Radu & Budeancă, p. 71
1824:Radu & Budeancă, p. 79
1815:Radu & Budeancă, p. 74
1797:Radu & Budeancă, p. 78
1749:Radu & Budeancă, p. 67
1707:Radu & Budeancă, p. 60
1597:Radu & Budeancă, p. 64
1520:Radu & Budeancă, p. 65
1511:Radu & Budeancă, p. 64
1487:Radu & Budeancă, p. 60
1458:Radu & Budeancă, p. 64
1425:Radu & Budeancă, p. 62
1355:Radu & Budeancă, p. 75
1324:Radu & Budeancă, p. 61
1297:Radu & Budeancă, p. 73
1077:Timișoara Technical School
987:elections in February 1957
908:program of nationalization
904:Romanian people's republic
894:Sidelining and final years
707:National Renaissance Front
215:Austro-Hungarian (to 1918)
1897:, 17 September 1996, p. 3
1005:. In August, he received
818:National Democratic Front
400:, was demoted to head of
289:
162:
143:
108:
65:
49:
40:
28:
2172:, 28 November 1965, p. 4
2082:, 27 December 1960, p. 1
2008:, 14 February 1998, p. 6
1770:, 15 February 1945, p. 2
1698:, 25 November 1944, p. 4
1683:, 22 November 1944, p. 4
1551:, 22 October 1937, p. 12
1440:, 19 December 1933, p. 5
1145:, most likely penned by
1079:to the more prestigious
945:Romanian Orthodox Church
747:. The PCR's journalist,
741:Second Sănătescu cabinet
734:Army of the Soviet Union
719:anti-fascist underground
572:Hungarian People's Union
564:Romanian Communist Party
537:National Peasants' Party
468:Decebal National College
382:Second Sănătescu cabinet
371:anti-fascist underground
363:Hungarian People's Union
359:Romanian Communist Party
2287:, 9 October 2004, p. 11
2106:, 26 October 1962, p. 5
2056:, 7 December 1958, p. 1
1979:, 1 November 1952, p. 2
1884:, 4 December 1946, p. 2
1740:, 1 February 1945, p. 5
1502:, 22 October 1936, p. 3
1250:, 25 October 1962, p. 2
936:University of Bucharest
921:Great National Assembly
590:, and once traveled to
406:Great National Assembly
236:Romanian Workers' Party
103:Great National Assembly
2509:Romanian propagandists
2272:, 21 August 1946, p. 1
2259:, Issue 24/1993, p. 23
2034:, 18 August 1957, p. 4
1722:, 6 January 1945, p. 2
1566:, 17 August 1937, p. 2
1089:Danube–Black Sea Canal
1019:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
982:, outside Bucharest.
917:election of March 1948
915:of the MADOSZ. In the
837:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
799:
788:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
726:coup of 23 August 1944
666:
509:elections in July 1932
378:coup of 23 August 1944
307:
2519:People from Hunedoara
2401:Calendarul Săteanului
2187:, 17 March 1946, p. 1
2128:, p. 139. Bucharest:
2021:, 28 April 1957, p. 1
1579:, 9 August 1937, p. 1
1346:, Issue 20/1931, p. 2
1288:, 26 March 1948, p. 5
1244:"Romulus Zăroni", in
1081:Bucharest Polytechnic
991:Constantin Pîrvulescu
833:Northern Transylvania
785:
643:
633:Vasile "Horea" Nicola
2544:Romanian agronomists
2499:Romanian monarchists
1370:, 10 July 1932, p. 7
1085:Romanian Land Forces
713:'s "treasonous" pro-
613:, as well as to the
501:Assembly of Deputies
332:Romanian nationalist
217:Romanian (1918–1962)
138:Assembly of Deputies
2514:Heads of Centrocoop
2436:Călătorie prin veac
2069:, 16 May 1959, p. 1
1147:Păstorel Teodoreanu
1046:Alexandru Moghioroș
949:Archdiocese of Arad
888:Târnava-Mică County
692:Ion Gheorghe Maurer
675:racial antisemitism
478:. In October 1931,
443:Hungarian partition
334:and an advocate of
158:Târnava-Mică County
124:Târnava-Mică County
2554:Romanian fabulists
2403:, 1945, pp. 40–51.
2337:Jurnal intermitent
2333:Pericle Martinescu
1476:Agenda Senzațional
1285:Frontul Plugarilor
864:Mihail Ghelmegeanu
800:
582:alliance with the
355:Kingdom of Romania
190:Kingdom of Hungary
2524:People from Călan
2434:, Emil Șimăndan,
2284:Evenimentul Zilei
2138:978-606-16-0759-4
1909:Evenimentul Zilei
1719:Bilete de Papagal
1122:tâmpit tot timpul
1105:Nicolae Ceaușescu
1073:air purge systems
1050:Florian Dănălache
932:part-time student
860:threshing machine
839:and Soviet envoy
749:Grigore Preoteasa
730:Soviet occupation
671:scientific racism
584:United Socialists
367:United Socialists
320:Ploughmen's Front
293:
292:
231:Ploughmen's Front
2571:
2408:
2387:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2369:
2366:
2360:
2353:
2347:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2306:
2305:Russu, pp. 47–48
2303:
2297:
2294:
2288:
2279:
2273:
2266:
2260:
2248:
2242:
2224:
2215:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2197:
2194:
2188:
2179:
2173:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2140:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2083:
2076:
2070:
2067:Pentru Socialism
2063:
2057:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2035:
2028:
2022:
2015:
2009:
2000:
1989:
1986:
1980:
1977:Apărarea Patriei
1973:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1913:
1904:
1898:
1891:
1885:
1876:
1870:
1867:
1861:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1843:
1840:
1834:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1816:
1813:
1807:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1771:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1741:
1729:
1723:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1699:
1690:
1684:
1675:
1669:
1666:Anale de Istorie
1662:
1656:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1629:
1628:Cleja, pp. 49–50
1626:
1620:
1617:
1611:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1580:
1573:
1567:
1558:
1552:
1539:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1479:
1472:Cuvântul Satelor
1468:
1459:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1441:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1417:
1416:Cleja, pp. 45–46
1414:
1408:
1405:
1399:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1347:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1316:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1289:
1280:
1251:
1242:
1069:Romanian Academy
1054:Ghencea Cemetery
976:Constanța Region
972:Hunedoara Region
900:Traian Săvulescu
845:Cuvântul Satelor
841:Andrey Vyshinsky
768:National Liberal
596:Cuvântul Satelor
516:Great Depression
505:Hunedoara County
351:Great Depression
312:Austro-Hungarian
206:
203:October 23, 1962
167:Personal details
148:
113:
95:Traian Săvulescu
91:
79:
70:
54:
33:
19:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2449:
2448:
2432:Gabriel Țepelea
2406:
2396:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2354:
2350:
2331:
2327:
2322:
2318:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2291:
2280:
2276:
2267:
2263:
2249:
2245:
2225:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2180:
2176:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2147:
2143:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2077:
2073:
2064:
2060:
2051:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2029:
2025:
2016:
2012:
2001:
1992:
1987:
1983:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1905:
1901:
1892:
1888:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1732:Costin Murgescu
1730:
1726:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1691:
1687:
1676:
1672:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1587:
1583:
1574:
1570:
1563:Neamul Românesc
1559:
1555:
1540:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1506:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1469:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1444:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1281:
1254:
1243:
1228:
1223:
1215:Gabriel Țepelea
1211:Corneliu Coposu
1188:Bucharest Opera
1097:
1023:Russian Premier
896:
868:Constantin Agiu
813:Costin Murgescu
804:Rădescu cabinet
687:
638:Neamul Românesc
615:Romanian Police
558:—his colleague
541:Corneliu Coposu
493:Agrarian League
431:
426:
414:stock character
386:Rădescu cabinet
361:, but also the
340:Agrarian League
308:Zaroni Romulusz
260:
244:
243:Other political
234:
229:
226:Agrarian League
222:Political party
216:
204:
194:Austria-Hungary
178:Hășdat (Hosdát)
176:
149:
144:
127:
114:
109:
89:
77:
71:
66:
55:
50:
36:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2577:
2575:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2429:
2418:
2404:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2379:
2370:
2361:
2348:
2325:
2316:
2307:
2298:
2289:
2274:
2270:Moldova Liberă
2261:
2251:Tudor Octavian
2243:
2216:
2207:
2198:
2189:
2174:
2169:România Liberă
2159:
2150:
2141:
2124:Mihai Burcea,
2117:
2108:
2093:
2084:
2071:
2058:
2045:
2036:
2023:
2010:
1990:
1981:
1968:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1932:
1923:
1914:
1899:
1886:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1767:România Liberă
1751:
1742:
1737:România Liberă
1724:
1709:
1700:
1685:
1670:
1657:
1648:
1639:
1630:
1621:
1612:
1599:
1590:
1581:
1568:
1553:
1531:
1522:
1513:
1504:
1489:
1480:
1460:
1451:
1442:
1427:
1418:
1409:
1400:
1381:
1372:
1357:
1348:
1335:
1326:
1317:
1308:
1299:
1290:
1252:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1166:is to soup".
1129:Moldova Liberă
1118:Tudor Octavian
1096:
1093:
928:Pamfil Șeicaru
895:
892:
872:Stanciu Stoian
816:PCR-dominated
798:, two unknowns
686:
685:Political rise
683:
430:
427:
425:
422:
328:Weimar Germany
324:Țara Hațegului
296:Romulus Zăroni
291:
290:
287:
286:
283:
279:
278:
275:
271:
270:
267:
263:
262:
257:
253:
252:
246:
240:
239:
223:
219:
218:
213:
209:
208:
207:(aged 56)
201:
197:
196:
173:
169:
168:
164:
163:
160:
159:
156:
152:
151:
141:
140:
136:Member of the
133:
132:
121:
117:
116:
106:
105:
101:Member of the
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
80:
74:
73:
63:
62:
58:
57:
47:
46:
42:
41:
38:
37:
35:Zăroni in 1948
34:
26:
25:
23:Romulus Zăroni
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2576:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2445:
2444:973-99000-2-X
2441:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2407:(in Romanian)
2405:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2383:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2345:973-8227-21-6
2342:
2338:
2334:
2329:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2302:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2285:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2211:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2081:
2080:Dobrogea Nouă
2075:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2032:Dobrogea Nouă
2027:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1785:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1762:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1689:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1652:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1634:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1493:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1358:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1165:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:laid in state
1037:
1035:
1034:Choe Yong-gon
1031:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:North Vietnam
1004:
1000:
996:
995:Avram Bunaciu
992:
988:
983:
981:
977:
973:
970:precinct, in
969:
965:
961:
957:
952:
950:
946:
942:
937:
933:
929:
924:
922:
918:
914:
913:Gyárfás Kurkó
909:
905:
901:
893:
891:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
821:
819:
814:
809:
805:
797:
793:
789:
784:
780:
778:
774:
773:
769:
765:
761:
760:Eastern Front
756:
755:
750:
746:
742:
737:
735:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
711:Ion Antonescu
708:
704:
701:
697:
693:
684:
682:
680:
676:
672:
665:
663:
659:
655:
651:
650:
642:
640:
639:
634:
630:
629:
624:
620:
616:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
588:popular front
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
552:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
533:
528:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
489:
485:
482:'s newspaper
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
460:
458:
457:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
435:Hunyad County
428:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
410:Romanian joke
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
258:
254:
250:
247:
241:
237:
232:
227:
224:
220:
214:
210:
202:
198:
195:
191:
187:
186:Hunyad County
183:
179:
175:28 April 1906
174:
170:
165:
161:
157:
153:
147:
142:
139:
134:
130:
125:
122:
118:
112:
107:
104:
99:
96:
93:
87:
84:
81:
75:
69:
64:
59:
53:
48:
43:
39:
32:
27:
20:
2435:
2425:
2421:
2414:
2400:
2382:
2373:
2368:Russu, p. 47
2364:
2356:
2351:
2336:
2328:
2319:
2310:
2301:
2292:
2282:
2277:
2269:
2264:
2254:
2246:
2236:
2230:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2182:
2177:
2167:
2162:
2153:
2144:
2125:
2120:
2111:
2101:
2096:
2087:
2079:
2074:
2066:
2061:
2054:Vörös Zászló
2053:
2048:
2039:
2031:
2026:
2018:
2013:
2003:
1984:
1976:
1971:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1926:
1917:
1907:
1902:
1894:
1889:
1879:
1874:
1865:
1856:
1847:
1838:
1829:
1820:
1811:
1802:
1793:
1784:
1775:
1765:
1759:
1754:
1745:
1735:
1727:
1717:
1712:
1703:
1693:
1688:
1678:
1673:
1665:
1660:
1651:
1642:
1637:Cleja, p. 50
1633:
1624:
1615:
1607:
1602:
1593:
1584:
1576:
1571:
1561:
1556:
1546:
1542:
1529:Cleja, p. 49
1525:
1516:
1507:
1497:
1492:
1483:
1475:
1471:
1454:
1445:
1435:
1430:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1375:
1365:
1360:
1351:
1343:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1311:
1302:
1293:
1283:
1245:
1202:
1200:
1176:flush toilet
1168:
1138:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1101:folk costume
1098:
1095:Public image
1066:
1038:
1003:Maoist China
999:Mihai Beniuc
989:. He joined
984:
953:
925:
897:
879:
849:
844:
822:
801:
776:
770:
752:
738:
723:
695:
688:
667:
647:
644:
636:
626:
608:
595:
553:
530:
526:
519:
513:
483:
461:
454:
439:Transylvania
432:
416:prefiguring
375:
348:
299:
295:
294:
245:affiliations
205:(1962-10-23)
155:Constituency
145:
120:Constituency
110:
90:Succeeded by
67:
51:
2464:1962 deaths
2459:1906 births
2235:]", in
2227:Tita Chiper
1577:Déli Hirlap
1180:phone booth
1109:Tita Chiper
1030:North Korea
1026:Frol Kozlov
1011:Ho Chi Minh
808:Ioan Hudiță
796:Miron Belea
792:Mihai Ralea
745:land reform
662:Iuliu Maniu
560:Miron Belea
390:land reform
336:prohibition
316:Petru Groza
259:Tița (div.)
251:(1946–1962)
238:(1955–1962)
233:(1933–1953)
212:Nationality
131:(1952–1962)
83:Ioan Hudiță
78:Preceded by
2453:Categories
2394:References
2005:Cotidianul
1608:Ifjúmunkás
1159:Sighișoara
1114:Militiaman
1062:Carol Park
960:Securitate
941:Centrocoop
646: [
604:Iron Guard
484:Libertatea
476:model farm
429:Beginnings
402:Centrocoop
274:Profession
2184:Dreptatea
2132:, 2016.
1895:Háromszék
1881:Universul
1548:Dimineața
1543:Dimineața
1437:Dimineața
1247:Neuer Weg
1192:longjohns
1184:foot odor
1151:Incitatus
1139:Dreptatea
1134:Dreptatea
654:Mussolini
628:Dimineața
611:Siguranța
592:Bucharest
497:Timișoara
480:Ioan Moța
447:Hunedoara
424:Biography
304:Hungarian
256:Spouse(s)
146:In office
126:(to 1952)
111:In office
68:In office
52:In office
2422:Scînteia
2103:Scînteia
1695:Scînteia
1680:Scînteia
1499:Adevărul
1367:Cuvântul
1155:Caligula
1143:epigrams
1058:cremated
852:hectares
777:Scînteia
772:Viitorul
754:Scînteia
703:Carol II
658:Ugo Sola
456:chiaburi
412:, and a
282:Nickname
266:Children
261:Ștefania
2426:Minimum
2256:Flacăra
2019:Crișana
1395:Familia
1164:parsley
1153:to his
1013:at the
934:at the
825:Premier
764:Caracal
679:elitism
394:Premier
365:or the
285:Zăronea
249:BPD/FDP
2442:
2424:", in
2343:
2238:Dilema
2136:
1474:", in
1392:", in
1178:for a
980:Tunari
880:culaci
876:kulaks
696:Zorile
677:, and
600:Șoșdea
549:Prague
488:Jewish
300:Zeroni
228:(1932)
2413:, in
1390:Horia
1221:Notes
1203:șiret
856:acres
580:Țebea
568:Băcia
532:plasă
524:fable
520:Horia
451:Călan
2440:ISBN
2341:ISBN
2134:ISBN
1172:Bulă
1064:).
1048:and
1021:and
968:Ilia
870:and
854:(40
829:Cluj
715:Nazi
700:King
656:and
507:for
472:Deva
418:Bulă
200:Died
172:Born
129:Ilia
2232:sic
1761:sic
1091:).
1032:'s
1009:'s
951:.
878:" (
779:.
721:.
694:in
649:sic
598:of
551:.
547:in
503:in
470:in
459:.
298:or
180:or
2455::
2335:,
2219:^
1993:^
1534:^
1463:^
1255:^
1229:^
997:,
993:,
794:,
790:,
673:,
641::
511:.
437:,
420:.
346:.
306::
192:,
188:,
184:,
1541:"
1170:"
491:"
302:(
269:4
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
