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146:, Germany. When she was born in 1874, her parents sold cattle and fabrics. They lived on the main street of Niedermarsberg in a neoclassical style villa. After attending the girls' school in Marsberg she married Felix Buchthal († 1921), the Jewish owner of a coffee house trading coffee and chocolate in Dortmund. In 1894 "Buchthal u. Comp." moved into a new house in Bornstr. 19. The company had several coffee shops in the city, and Rosa was, unusual for that time, not a housewife but the co-managing director. Felix and Rosa had two children, Alice (born 17 February 1896) and
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When the First World War broke out in 1914, the coffee business started to struggle and Rosa decided to go into politics. In 1915 she became Head of the
Information Office for Women's Professions in the Dortmund Chamber of Commerce in the Employment Office, 1918 "Social Auxiliary Officer". After the
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Her sisters were
Mathilde (* 1875), Clara (* 1877), Sophia (* 1879), Johanna (* 1881), Martha (* 1884), Hedwig (* 1887) and Helene (* 1891). A poet from the same town who later emigrated to England named Herr Olden is said to have mentioned that he enjoyed walking by the Dalberg house "because from
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seized power in 1933, just one percent of the
Dortmund population was Jewish. Rosa Buchthal's son Arnold had studied law and was a judge in Dortmund. In 1933 he lost this post under the Nazis. On 16 September in the same year, his second daughter, Vera Buchthal, was born. In July 1939, the parents
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Dortmund grew in the last quarter of the 19th century into a metropolis with 142,000 inhabitants in 1900 and was the centre for many political activities. Women were socially and politically active, forming groups, despite not having the right to vote yet. In 1908 Rosa
Buchthal, along with several
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on 29 August, she was rejected by the Dutch officials. It was not until 6 May 1940 that she managed to enter the country. There was a Nazi raid a few days later and almost all Jews living in
Holland were captured and deported, the rest were murdered. Rosa was arrested, but managed to get herself
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of a farm belonging to a family, whom she had not known before, coming out only at night. According to her granddaughter Vera, she later joked that she had taken the precaution of packing her knitting to have something to do in the basement during the day.
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DDP, became its Deputy in
Dortmund and on 27 October 1919 (elected on 22 September 22) she became an unpaid member of the Municipal Authority, sworn in on 20 April 1920 by the Lord Mayor and again on 4 May 1921, this time according to Article 78 of the
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On her 61st birthday in 1935 in
Amsterdam, Rosa Buchthal, like all Jewish women registered in the Nazi regime, had to accept the additional first name Sara. The registration office issued this on 6 July 1937.
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163:. They opposed civil servants' celibacy (where a woman lost her civil service status when she married), the morality paragraph (which effectively gave men carte blanche), and campaigned for
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others, formed the "Association of
Liberal Women". Two years later, she became their chairwoman. The group had strong conservative values supporting military service, but pleaded for the
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On 2 January 1947, from
Amsterdam, she wrote to her son Arnold in Offenbach asking him to represent her in all matters of property law. She gave her address as living at
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After the war, Rosa
Buchthal came just once to England. She died of cancer in a hospice in Amsterdam in 1958 and is buried in the city. She left behind 7290.59
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In 1939 she gave her silverware to her friend Else van Roseven, a cheese merchant in Dortmund, who sent the parcel to one of Rosa's brothers in law
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Rosa Dalberg was the eldest of eight daughters of a respected Jewish couple Emilie (born Heymann) and Abraham/Alexander Dalberg living in Marsberg,
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in Amsterdam, where it never arrived. In August she escaped to the then non-Nazi-occupied Netherlands. When she arrived at the border in
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Rosa Buchthal – Eine Sauerländerin als erste Stadträtin Dortmunds in der Weimarer Republik. Kreisarchiv des Hochsauerlandkreises, 2012
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184:. Until 1925, she was the only woman on the city council. She was re-elected in 1925, for the final time.
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every window a beautiful girl was looking outside". Document found in the Dortmund city archive.
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and founded the first, all women software houses in Europe in 1962, who received the honours of
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In 2010, the city centre of Dortmund renamed the Schwanenstraße to Rosa Buchthal Straße.
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to her daughter Alice, who then lived in the Dutch town of 's Hertogenbosch.
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Heiratsregister Marsberg (Marriage register von the town of Marsberg)
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war, in 1919, women were allowed to vote for the first time in the
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released by bribing the guards and spent the rest of the war
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Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the Netherlands
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Document 530, Buchthal Arnold, Dortmund city archive
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Rosa Buchthal (right) with all her sisters, ca. 1895
206:Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire
192:sent their two daughters Renate and Vera on the
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288:Stadtarchiv Dortmund (Dortmund city archive)
110:) was a German politician and a fighter for
87:Rosa Buchthal, undated, probably around 1900
360:NRW K104, Nr. 426066, State Archive Münster
324:Shelf mark 163/01 88, Dortmund city archive
297:Private archive of Dame Stephanie Shirley
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
32:This article includes a list of general
417:Politicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
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200:to England. Vera Buchthal later became
167:and the rights of dementia sufferers.
422:20th-century German women politicians
407:Deaths from cancer in the Netherlands
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38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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255:Van Tuyll van Serooskerkenweg 43
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392:German women's rights activists
342:3P 4507, Dortmund city archive
275:Rosa-Buchthal-Straße, Dortmund
161:abolition of the death penalty
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228:81st birthday, Amsterdam 1955
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138:Marriage certificate, 1895
397:Jewish German politicians
220:Escape to the Netherlands
150:(born 18 November 1900).
402:Jewish women politicians
333:Verein liberaler Frauen
177:German Democratic Party
53:more precise citations.
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154:Politician in Dortmund
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106:– 31 December 1958 in
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261:. She was stateless.
257:and later in 1958 at
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182:Prussian Constitution
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387:People from Marsberg
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210:Companion of Honour
189:National Socialists
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259:van Eegenstraat 64
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202:Stephanie Shirley
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187:When the
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108:Amsterdam
242:Emmerich
116:Dortmund
100:Marsberg
104:Germany
96:Dalberg
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148:Arnold
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