1026:
909:
748:
541:
670:
692:
848:
1092:
770:
1070:
870:
563:
1048:
65:
826:
648:
604:
40:
987:
948:
626:
301:
analysis of the finch family. Based both on their own results and those published earlier by other groups, they proposed a series of changes to the taxonomy. They found that the three North
American rosefinches, namely
578:
the
Himalayas from Uttarakhand state in the Indian Himalayas eastwards across Nepal, stretching further east to the adjacent hills of Northeast India and Southeast Asia as far south as Thailand.
1025:
5239:
5278:
908:
747:
248:
rosefinches occur throughout
Eurasia, but the greatest diversity is found in the Sino-Himalayas suggesting that the species originated in this region.
432:
There have been a number of rosefinch radiations. First to split off were the ancestors of the North
American species, the common rosefinch, and the
5213:
444:) from the proto-rosefinches. Each of these groups probably should constitute a distinct genus; in the case of the North American species, this is
5252:
540:
314:, formed a separate clade that was not closely related to the Palearctic rosefinches. They proposed moving the three species to a separate genus
669:
321:
1643:
1259:
1249:
691:
361:
641:
Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and
Uzbekistan and east to China
325:
1031:
357:
847:
1091:
1053:
953:
425:
but a phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial DNA sequences published in 2016 found that the species belonged to the genus
5257:
769:
1413:
Sangster, George; Collinson, J. Martin; Crochet, Pierre-André; Knox, Alan G.; Parkin, David T.; Votier, Stephen C. (2013).
5265:
970:
697:
1283:
5135:
714:
474:
64:
5192:
1331:
5283:
1069:
5205:
1636:
1560:
1583:
1482:
491:) has been determined to be not a rosefinch, and indeed not a true finch at all, but to constitute a monotypic
1520:"Multilocus resolution of phylogeny and timescale in the extant adaptive radiation of Hawaiian honeycreepers"
400:
396:
5075:
1126:
1009:
1518:
Lerner, Heather R.L.; Meyer, Matthias; James, Helen F.; Hofreiter, Michael; Fleischer, Robert C. (2011).
5304:
4123:
2380:
2347:
1075:
792:
775:
753:
731:
675:
466:
381:
5140:
3766:
1615:
992:
931:
809:
484:
459:
416:
280:
170:
47:
4680:
4078:
403:, were shown to not be closely related to the other species in the group. They were moved to separate
5161:
5127:
4143:
4011:
1875:
1629:
1097:
1085:
Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and
Turkmenistan
653:
512:
4453:
4419:
5332:
4754:
4734:
4542:
3957:
3786:
831:
4707:
4051:
1765:
1047:
4562:
4315:
2006:
1951:
1731:
1595:
1497:
1389:
1367:"Fifty-third Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds"
1228:
609:
276:
269:
59:
5309:
4851:
4501:
4170:
3977:
3797:
3534:
2776:
436:, generally placed in its own genus. These groups, which may be related, diverged in the Middle
4031:
2427:
1446:
Sangster, G.; Roselaar, C.S.; Irestedt, M.; Ericson, Per G.P. (2016). "Sillem's
Mountain Finch
869:
5291:
5244:
5148:
4281:
1587:
1541:
1306:
1255:
1191:
914:
562:
303:
261:
153:
221:. Most are called "rosefinches" and as the word implies, have various shades of red in their
5296:
4331:
4132:
3649:
3615:
1801:
1579:
1531:
1463:
1426:
1381:
1335:
1298:
1171:
853:
546:
492:
329:
226:
5113:
1621:
5049:
4979:
4159:
3005:
2745:
2662:
2537:
2300:
2289:
1905:
875:
631:
507:
contains 28 species. They all include 'rosefinch' in their
English names apart from the
5200:
5187:
5028:
5014:
5000:
4986:
4888:
4833:
4770:
4599:
4510:
4087:
4040:
3631:
3440:
3419:
3189:
3055:
3048:
2513:
2496:
2489:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2029:
1891:
1857:
892:
586:
516:
419:
originally had the common name "Sillem's mountain finch" and was assigned to the genus
377:
21:
685:
in
Afghanistan, China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, and Tajikistan.
5326:
5007:
4916:
4791:
4641:
4571:
4483:
4462:
4345:
3925:
3897:
3689:
3658:
3468:
3382:
3223:
3097:
3014:
2994:
2987:
2906:
2895:
2874:
2759:
2714:
2309:
2255:
2064:
1836:
1393:
1366:
1217:. Vol. 14. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 267.
568:
508:
433:
341:
284:
230:
1599:
1232:
1212:
1197:
Skizzirte
Entwickelungs-Geschichte und natürliches System der europäischen Thierwelt
1195:
5153:
5035:
4951:
4895:
4860:
4819:
4763:
4723:
4634:
4606:
4531:
4476:
4469:
4435:
4428:
4352:
4256:
4186:
4152:
3855:
3827:
3583:
3569:
3503:
3350:
3301:
3252:
3205:
3083:
3025:
2959:
2926:
2858:
2834:
2816:
2724:
2700:
2690:
2683:
2631:
2565:
2451:
2417:
2392:
2329:
2050:
1912:
1822:
1282:
Zuccon, Dario; Prŷs-Jones, Robert; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Ericson, Per G.P. (2012).
825:
647:
337:
307:
298:
265:
218:
162:
603:
458:
Kaup 1829 are frequently considered to be the common rosefinch, but both refer to
5270:
5226:
5107:
4958:
4944:
4937:
4881:
4826:
4812:
4669:
4662:
4613:
4592:
4578:
4551:
4517:
4490:
4338:
4324:
4235:
4000:
3966:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3820:
3806:
3698:
3669:
3604:
3517:
3454:
3336:
3322:
3294:
3280:
3266:
3232:
3198:
3129:
3076:
3062:
3034:
2971:
2915:
2807:
2731:
2669:
2655:
2579:
2558:
2401:
2280:
2241:
2234:
2171:
2078:
2036:
1967:
1940:
1933:
1815:
1792:
1754:
1722:
1710:
1695:
1653:
1302:
986:
421:
311:
136:
39:
1385:
947:
4972:
4902:
4874:
4743:
4696:
4655:
4648:
4442:
4408:
4373:
4359:
4263:
4242:
4228:
4179:
4111:
4020:
3993:
3946:
3890:
3776:
3709:
3624:
3590:
3524:
3475:
3433:
3412:
3398:
3273:
3259:
3212:
3169:
3104:
3069:
3041:
2796:
2738:
2645:
2551:
2482:
2475:
2465:
2269:
2220:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2151:
2102:
2093:
2071:
2015:
1995:
1981:
1919:
1884:
1864:
1850:
1808:
1536:
1519:
625:
446:
441:
316:
5098:
1591:
1339:
1284:"The phylogenetic relationships and generic limits of finches (Fringillidae)"
5174:
4840:
4784:
4777:
4689:
4620:
4585:
4387:
4380:
4290:
4249:
4221:
4207:
4193:
4067:
3939:
3932:
3904:
3841:
3742:
3678:
3638:
3597:
3562:
3548:
3489:
3461:
3447:
3405:
3391:
3371:
3364:
3329:
3315:
3308:
3287:
3243:
3149:
3090:
2980:
2888:
2843:
2786:
2766:
2638:
2607:
2572:
2520:
2458:
2444:
2206:
2162:
1898:
1843:
1781:
1689:
404:
349:
210:
116:
76:
1545:
1483:"Comments on the Status of Revived Old Names for Some North American Birds"
1310:
1156:"Complete phylogeny and historical biogeography of true rosefinches (Aves:
1002:
China, Japan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia, and Russia.
5092:
5042:
5021:
4965:
4909:
4805:
4716:
4627:
4394:
4366:
4214:
3918:
3911:
3862:
3813:
3576:
3510:
3496:
3343:
3138:
2881:
2823:
2707:
2676:
2593:
2527:
2506:
2320:
2227:
2144:
2109:
2057:
2043:
2022:
1974:
1829:
1774:
1747:
1671:
96:
19:
The rosefinches should not be confused with the rosy finches in the genus
1154:
Tietze, D.T.; Päckert, M.; Martens, J.; Lehmann, H.; Sun, Y.-H. (2013).
5218:
5122:
4993:
4930:
4867:
4524:
4401:
4304:
4200:
4060:
3986:
3848:
3834:
3541:
3426:
3357:
3178:
3111:
2752:
2621:
2586:
2544:
2437:
2410:
2248:
1960:
1926:
1740:
1683:
1501:
437:
348:). They recommended that the common rosefinch should be moved to a new
222:
1467:
1431:
1415:"Taxonomic recommendations for Western Palearctic birds: ninth report"
1414:
1176:
1155:
4297:
4270:
3555:
2867:
2614:
2262:
2213:
2137:
1665:
86:
5231:
5069:
5179:
963:
Japan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia, and Russia.
297:
In 2012, Zuccon and colleagues published a comprehensive molecular
4923:
4798:
3482:
3118:
2600:
2336:
1988:
1677:
214:
200:
126:
5166:
229:
is frequently called the "rosefinch". The genus name is from the
941:
China, Japan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, South Korea, and Russia.
478:
106:
5073:
4109:
3740:
2957:
2378:
1708:
1625:
1365:
Chesser, R. Terry; Banks, Richard C.; Barker, F. Keith (2012).
1584:
10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0787:MEFTSP]2.0.CO;2
384:
that had previously been included in the monotypic genus
1200:(in German). Darmstadt: Carl Wilhelm Leske. p. 161.
1237:(2nd ed.). London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 11.
477:
has been variously estimate at 7.24 million years ago (
395:
Two species that were formerly included in the genus,
3782:
3772:
3762:
3530:
2792:
2782:
2772:
2720:
2696:
2651:
2627:
2533:
2502:
2471:
2433:
2423:
469:
are closely related to the rosefinches in the genus
5082:
4850:
4753:
4733:
4706:
4679:
4561:
4541:
4500:
4452:
4418:
4314:
4280:
4169:
4142:
4122:
4077:
4050:
4030:
4010:
3976:
3956:
3796:
3753:
3708:
3688:
3668:
3648:
3614:
3381:
3242:
3222:
3188:
3168:
3148:
3128:
3024:
3004:
2970:
2925:
2905:
2857:
2833:
2806:
2400:
2391:
2346:
2319:
2299:
2279:
2161:
2092:
2005:
1950:
1874:
1791:
1764:
1730:
1721:
1561:"Molecular evidence for the systematic position of
1481:Banks, Richard C.; Browning, M. Ralph (July 1995).
336:) fell outside the core rosefinch clade and was a
1041:Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Nepal, and Pakistan.
260:was introduced in 1829 by the German naturalist
663:northern Afghanistan to the western Himalayas.
465:Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that
707:mid-western China and the northern Himalayas.
1637:
1513:
1511:
8:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1251:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
1149:
1147:
328:. Zuccon and colleagues also found that the
763:Bhutan, Tibet, India, Nepal, and Pakistan.
5070:
4119:
4106:
3750:
3737:
2967:
2954:
2397:
2388:
2375:
1727:
1718:
1705:
1644:
1630:
1622:
1107:Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, and Nepal.
1019:central China and far northeastern India.
785:Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, and Nepal.
38:
29:
1535:
1430:
1234:Appendix to a List of the Genera of Birds
1175:
1164:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
885:Egypt, Israel, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia.
1254:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 92.
819:central China and far northern Myanmar.
521:
364:chose instead to adopt a more inclusive
1118:
841:Nepal, China and far northern Myanmar.
597:Chichi-jima in the Ogasawara Islands.
322:International Ornithological Committee
1346:. International Ornithologists' Union
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1291:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
5206:9cba1a30-7296-41f0-9ce4-c499748c09e7
1616:Rosefinche videos, photos and sounds
1211:Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, ed. (1968).
320:. This proposal was accepted by the
411:and the dark-breasted rosefinch to
352:genus with the resurrected name of
362:International Ornithological Union
14:
1450:is a valid species of rosefinch (
1133:. The Trust for Avian Systematics
1063:central China and eastern Tibet.
619:Bhutan, China, India, and Nepal.
1344:IOC World Bird List Version 13.2
1214:Check-List of Birds of the World
1090:
1068:
1046:
1032:Himalayan white-browed rosefinch
1024:
985:
946:
907:
868:
846:
824:
768:
746:
741:central China and eastern Tibet
690:
668:
646:
624:
602:
561:
539:
407:genera, Blanford's rosefinch to
360:accepted this proposal, but the
63:
1618:on the Internet Bird Collection
372:as well as the monotypic genus
1654:finches, sparrows and tanagers
1054:Chinese white-browed rosefinch
954:Siberian long-tailed rosefinch
326:American Ornithologists' Union
283:. The genus name combines the
1:
971:Chinese long-tailed rosefinch
698:Himalayan beautiful rosefinch
358:British Ornithologists' Union
924:Xinjiang Autonomous Region.
1303:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.002
715:Chinese beautiful rosefinch
475:most recent common ancestor
5349:
1386:10.1525/auk.2012.129.3.573
1248:Jobling, James A. (2010).
450:. The types of the genera
18:
4118:
4105:
3749:
3736:
2966:
2953:
2387:
2374:
1717:
1704:
1660:
1537:10.1016/j.cub.2011.09.039
186:
181:
168:
161:
60:Scientific classification
58:
46:
37:
32:
1103:Carpodacus subhimachalus
615:Carpodacus rubicilloides
592:Carpodacus ferreorostris
485:Przewalski's "rosefinch"
1015:Carpodacus trifasciatus
703:Carpodacus pulcherrimus
681:Carpodacus rhodochlamys
401:dark-breasted rosefinch
376:containing the extinct
2381:Nine-primaried oscines
2348:Nine-primaried oscines
1010:Three-banded rosefinch
920:Carpodacus roborowskii
902:Afghanistan and China
467:Hawaiian honeycreepers
5305:Paleobiology Database
1563:Urocynchramus pylzowi
1559:Groth, J. G. (2000).
1076:Red-fronted rosefinch
898:Carpodacus stoliczkae
859:Carpodacus formosanus
815:Carpodacus verreauxii
798:Carpodacus rodopeplus
793:Spot-winged rosefinch
776:Dark-rumped rosefinch
754:Pink-browed rosefinch
732:Pink-rumped rosefinch
720:Carpodacus davidianus
676:Red-mantled rosefinch
552:Carpodacus erythrinus
489:Urocynchramus pylzowi
382:long-tailed rosefinch
334:Carpodacus erythrinus
290:meaning "fruit" with
5201:Fauna Europaea (new)
1340:"Finches, euphonias"
1338:, eds. (July 2023).
1131:aviansystematics.org
1098:Crimson-browed finch
959:Carpodacus sibiricus
781:Carpodacus edwardsii
759:Carpodacus rodochroa
637:Carpodacus rubicilla
513:crimson-browed finch
397:Blanford's rosefinch
388:was also moved into
1448:Leucosticte sillemi
1229:Gray, George Robert
1081:Carpodacus puniceus
881:Carpodacus synoicus
837:Carpodacus vinaceus
832:Vinaceous rosefinch
368:which incorporated
346:Haematospiza sipahi
4124:Catamblyrhynchinae
1454:, Fringillidae)".
1334:; Donsker, David;
1192:Kaup, Johann Jakob
993:Pallas's rosefinch
976:Carpodacus lepidus
937:Carpodacus sillemi
932:Sillem's rosefinch
810:Sharpe's rosefinch
737:Carpodacus waltoni
659:Carpodacus grandis
610:Streaked rosefinch
460:Pallas's rosefinch
417:Sillem's rosefinch
281:Pallas's rosefinch
268:was designated by
48:Pallas's rosefinch
5320:
5319:
5292:Open Tree of Life
5076:Taxon identifiers
5067:
5066:
5063:
5062:
5059:
5058:
4101:
4100:
4097:
4096:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3727:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2853:
2852:
2370:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2088:
2087:
1530:(21): 1838–1844.
1468:10.1111/ibi.12323
1432:10.1111/ibi.12091
1336:Rasmussen, Pamela
1261:978-1-4081-2501-4
1177:10.1111/zoj.12057
1111:
1110:
1059:Carpodacus dubius
998:Carpodacus roseus
915:Tibetan rosefinch
654:Blyth's rosefinch
574:Carpodacus sipahi
556:Asia and Europe.
495:Urocynchramidae.
481:) and 15.71 mya.
294:meaning "biter".
262:Johann Jakob Kaup
193:
192:
157:
52:Carpodacus roseus
5340:
5313:
5312:
5300:
5299:
5287:
5286:
5274:
5273:
5271:NHMSYS0000530253
5261:
5260:
5248:
5247:
5235:
5234:
5222:
5221:
5209:
5208:
5196:
5195:
5183:
5182:
5170:
5169:
5157:
5156:
5144:
5143:
5131:
5130:
5128:FACF14A9F6D2E869
5118:
5117:
5116:
5103:
5102:
5101:
5071:
4681:Porphyrospizinae
4133:Catamblyrhynchus
4120:
4107:
4079:Xanthocephalinae
3784:
3774:
3764:
3751:
3738:
3650:Rhodinocichlidae
3616:Phaenicophilidae
3532:
2968:
2955:
2794:
2784:
2774:
2722:
2698:
2653:
2629:
2535:
2504:
2473:
2435:
2425:
2398:
2389:
2376:
1728:
1719:
1706:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1623:
1604:
1603:
1569:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1539:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1487:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1410:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1371:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1328:
1315:
1314:
1288:
1279:
1266:
1265:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1151:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1123:
1094:
1072:
1050:
1037:Carpodacus thura
1028:
989:
950:
911:
872:
854:Taiwan rosefinch
850:
828:
802:India and Nepal
772:
750:
694:
672:
650:
628:
606:
565:
547:Common rosefinch
543:
522:
515:and the extinct
330:common rosefinch
227:common rosefinch
152:
68:
67:
42:
30:
5348:
5347:
5343:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5338:
5337:
5323:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5308:
5303:
5295:
5290:
5282:
5277:
5269:
5264:
5256:
5251:
5243:
5238:
5230:
5225:
5217:
5212:
5204:
5199:
5191:
5186:
5178:
5173:
5165:
5160:
5152:
5147:
5139:
5134:
5126:
5121:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5078:
5068:
5055:
5050:Wetmorethraupis
4980:Poecilostreptus
4846:
4749:
4729:
4702:
4675:
4557:
4537:
4496:
4448:
4414:
4310:
4276:
4165:
4160:Parkerthraustes
4144:Charitospizinae
4138:
4114:
4093:
4073:
4046:
4026:
4012:Dolichonychinae
4006:
3972:
3952:
3792:
3745:
3724:
3704:
3684:
3664:
3644:
3610:
3377:
3238:
3218:
3184:
3164:
3144:
3124:
3020:
3006:Calyptophilidae
3000:
2962:
2941:
2921:
2901:
2849:
2829:
2802:
2746:Rhynchostruthus
2538:Dysmorodrepanis
2383:
2362:
2342:
2315:
2301:Urocynchramidae
2295:
2275:
2157:
2084:
2001:
1946:
1876:Lagonostictinae
1870:
1787:
1760:
1713:
1700:
1656:
1650:
1612:
1607:
1567:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1524:Current Biology
1517:
1516:
1509:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1398:
1396:
1369:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1330:
1329:
1318:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1269:
1262:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1136:
1134:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1116:
876:Sinai rosefinch
632:Great rosefinch
531:Scientific name
501:
454:Brehm 1829 and
274:Fringilla rosea
254:
237:, "fruit", and
177:
174:
171:Fringilla rosea
151:
62:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5346:
5344:
5336:
5335:
5325:
5324:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5301:
5288:
5275:
5262:
5249:
5236:
5223:
5210:
5197:
5188:Fauna Europaea
5184:
5171:
5158:
5145:
5132:
5119:
5104:
5088:
5086:
5080:
5079:
5074:
5065:
5064:
5061:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5053:
5046:
5039:
5032:
5025:
5018:
5015:Stephanophorus
5011:
5004:
5001:Schistochlamys
4997:
4990:
4987:Pseudosaltator
4983:
4976:
4969:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4941:
4934:
4927:
4920:
4913:
4906:
4899:
4892:
4889:Chalcothraupis
4885:
4878:
4871:
4864:
4856:
4854:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4837:
4834:Trichothraupis
4830:
4823:
4816:
4809:
4802:
4795:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4771:Coryphospingus
4767:
4759:
4757:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4739:
4737:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4727:
4720:
4712:
4710:
4704:
4703:
4701:
4700:
4693:
4685:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4600:Kleinothraupis
4596:
4589:
4582:
4575:
4567:
4565:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4547:
4545:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4535:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4511:Compsothraupis
4506:
4504:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4494:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4458:
4456:
4454:Hemithraupinae
4450:
4449:
4447:
4446:
4439:
4432:
4424:
4422:
4420:Emberizoidinae
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4405:
4398:
4391:
4384:
4377:
4370:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4320:
4318:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4286:
4284:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4175:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4156:
4148:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4128:
4126:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4103:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4088:Xanthocephalus
4083:
4081:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4064:
4056:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4036:
4034:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4016:
4014:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3982:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3962:
3960:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3802:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3780:
3770:
3759:
3757:
3755:incertae sedis
3747:
3746:
3741:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3714:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3694:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3674:
3672:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3654:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3635:
3632:Phaenicophilus
3628:
3620:
3618:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3608:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3528:
3521:
3514:
3507:
3500:
3493:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3441:Artemisiospiza
3437:
3430:
3423:
3420:Amphispizopsis
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3387:
3385:
3379:
3378:
3376:
3375:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3333:
3326:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3248:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3228:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3194:
3192:
3190:Mitrospingidae
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3174:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3154:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3134:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3115:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3056:Chlorothraupis
3052:
3049:Caryothraustes
3045:
3038:
3030:
3028:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3010:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2976:
2974:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2931:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2911:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2863:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2839:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2812:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2790:
2780:
2770:
2763:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2514:Coccothraustes
2510:
2500:
2497:Chrysocorythus
2493:
2490:Chlorodrepanis
2486:
2479:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2431:
2421:
2414:
2406:
2404:
2395:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2333:
2325:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2134:
2131:Onychostruthus
2127:
2124:Montifringilla
2120:
2117:Hypocryptadius
2113:
2106:
2098:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2011:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1956:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1895:
1892:Euschistospiza
1888:
1880:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1797:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1770:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1736:
1734:
1725:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1611:
1610:External links
1608:
1606:
1605:
1578:(3): 787–792.
1551:
1507:
1496:(3): 633–648.
1473:
1438:
1425:(4): 898–907.
1405:
1380:(3): 573–588.
1357:
1316:
1297:(2): 581–596.
1267:
1260:
1240:
1220:
1203:
1183:
1143:
1127:"Fringillidae"
1117:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1000:
995:
990:
982:
981:
978:
973:
968:
965:
964:
961:
956:
951:
943:
942:
939:
934:
929:
926:
925:
922:
917:
912:
904:
903:
900:
895:
893:Pale rosefinch
890:
887:
886:
883:
878:
873:
865:
864:
861:
856:
851:
843:
842:
839:
834:
829:
821:
820:
817:
812:
807:
804:
803:
800:
795:
790:
787:
786:
783:
778:
773:
765:
764:
761:
756:
751:
743:
742:
739:
734:
729:
726:
725:
722:
717:
712:
709:
708:
705:
700:
695:
687:
686:
683:
678:
673:
665:
664:
661:
656:
651:
643:
642:
639:
634:
629:
621:
620:
617:
612:
607:
599:
598:
595:
589:
587:Bonin grosbeak
583:
580:
579:
576:
571:
566:
558:
557:
554:
549:
544:
536:
535:
532:
529:
526:
517:Bonin grosbeak
500:
497:
378:Bonin grosbeak
304:Cassin's finch
253:
250:
191:
190:
184:
183:
179:
178:
175:
166:
165:
159:
158:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
56:
55:
44:
43:
35:
34:
16:Genus of birds
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5345:
5334:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5311:
5306:
5302:
5298:
5293:
5289:
5285:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5241:
5237:
5233:
5228:
5224:
5220:
5215:
5211:
5207:
5202:
5198:
5194:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5176:
5172:
5168:
5163:
5159:
5155:
5150:
5146:
5142:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5124:
5120:
5115:
5109:
5105:
5100:
5094:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5072:
5052:
5051:
5047:
5045:
5044:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5033:
5031:
5030:
5026:
5024:
5023:
5019:
5017:
5016:
5012:
5010:
5009:
5008:Sporathraupis
5005:
5003:
5002:
4998:
4996:
4995:
4991:
4989:
4988:
4984:
4982:
4981:
4977:
4975:
4974:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4963:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4917:Cnemathraupis
4914:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4879:
4877:
4876:
4872:
4870:
4869:
4865:
4863:
4862:
4858:
4857:
4855:
4853:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4838:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4817:
4815:
4814:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4792:Heliothraupis
4789:
4787:
4786:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4775:
4773:
4772:
4768:
4766:
4765:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4755:Tachyphoninae
4752:
4746:
4745:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4735:Sporophilinae
4732:
4726:
4725:
4721:
4719:
4718:
4714:
4713:
4711:
4709:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4672:
4671:
4667:
4665:
4664:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4646:
4644:
4643:
4642:Pseudospingus
4639:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4618:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4595:
4594:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4583:
4581:
4580:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4572:Castanozoster
4569:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4560:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4544:
4543:Orchesticinae
4540:
4534:
4533:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4522:
4520:
4519:
4515:
4513:
4512:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4503:
4499:
4493:
4492:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4484:Heterospingus
4481:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4472:
4471:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4463:Chrysothlypis
4460:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4451:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4438:
4437:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4376:
4375:
4371:
4369:
4368:
4364:
4362:
4361:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4295:
4293:
4292:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4283:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4268:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4254:
4252:
4251:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4217:
4216:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4145:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4108:
4104:
4090:
4089:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4080:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3958:Amblycercinae
3955:
3949:
3948:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3937:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3926:Pseudoleistes
3923:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3898:Macroagelaius
3895:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3787:Pyelorhamphus
3781:
3779:
3778:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3739:
3735:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3690:Teretistridae
3687:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3659:Rhodinocichla
3656:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3551:
3550:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3469:Chlorospingus
3466:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3383:Passerellidae
3380:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3224:Nesospingidae
3221:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3181:
3180:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3098:Periporphyrus
3095:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3015:Calyptophilus
3012:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2996:
2995:Rhynchophanes
2992:
2990:
2989:
2988:Plectrophenax
2985:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2952:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2907:Peucedramidae
2904:
2898:
2897:
2896:Tmetothylacus
2893:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2875:Dendronanthus
2872:
2870:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2715:Pyrrhoplectes
2712:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2413:
2412:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2373:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2310:Urocynchramus
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2256:Pseudonigrita
2253:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2065:Stagonopleura
2062:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1837:Glaucestrilda
1834:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1694:Superfamily:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1647:
1642:
1640:
1635:
1633:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1566:
1564:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1442:
1439:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1409:
1406:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1358:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1244:
1241:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1216:
1215:
1207:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1187:
1184:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1119:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
988:
984:
983:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
966:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
949:
945:
944:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
927:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
910:
906:
905:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
888:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
871:
867:
866:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
849:
845:
844:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
827:
823:
822:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
805:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
788:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
771:
767:
766:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
749:
745:
744:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
727:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
710:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
693:
689:
688:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
671:
667:
666:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
649:
645:
644:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
627:
623:
622:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
605:
601:
600:
596:
593:
590:
588:
584:
582:
581:
577:
575:
572:
570:
569:Scarlet finch
567:
564:
560:
559:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
542:
538:
537:
534:Distribution
533:
530:
527:
524:
523:
520:
518:
514:
510:
509:scarlet finch
506:
498:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
448:
443:
440:(about 14–12
439:
435:
434:scarlet finch
430:
428:
424:
423:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
374:Chaunoproctus
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
344:(at the time
343:
342:scarlet finch
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
318:
313:
309:
305:
300:
295:
293:
289:
286:
285:Ancient Greek
282:
278:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
251:
249:
247:
242:
241:, "to bite".
240:
236:
232:
231:Ancient Greek
228:
224:
220:
216:
213:birds in the
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
189:
185:
180:
173:
172:
167:
164:
160:
155:
150:
149:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
117:Passeriformes
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
78:
75:
72:
71:
66:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
31:
28:
25:
23:
5083:
5048:
5041:
5036:Tephrophilus
5034:
5027:
5020:
5013:
5006:
4999:
4992:
4985:
4978:
4971:
4964:
4957:
4952:Lophospingus
4950:
4943:
4936:
4929:
4922:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4896:Chlorochrysa
4894:
4887:
4880:
4873:
4866:
4861:Anisognathus
4859:
4839:
4832:
4825:
4820:Rhodospingus
4818:
4811:
4804:
4797:
4790:
4783:
4776:
4769:
4764:Conothraupis
4762:
4742:
4724:Saltatricula
4722:
4715:
4708:Saltatorinae
4695:
4688:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4635:Poospizopsis
4633:
4626:
4619:
4612:
4607:Microspingus
4605:
4598:
4591:
4584:
4577:
4570:
4550:
4532:Sericossypha
4530:
4523:
4516:
4509:
4489:
4482:
4477:Hemithraupis
4475:
4470:Chlorophanes
4468:
4461:
4441:
4436:Emberizoides
4434:
4429:Coryphaspiza
4427:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4353:Geospizopsis
4351:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4269:
4262:
4257:Pinaroloxias
4255:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4192:
4187:Camarhynchus
4185:
4178:
4158:
4153:Charitospiza
4151:
4131:
4086:
4066:
4059:
4052:Sturnellinae
4039:
4019:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3965:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3828:Amblyramphus
3826:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3785:
3775:
3765:
3754:
3697:
3677:
3657:
3637:
3630:
3623:
3603:
3596:
3589:
3584:Spizelloides
3582:
3575:
3570:Rhynchospiza
3568:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3504:Oreothraupis
3502:
3495:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3351:Protonotaria
3349:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3302:Limnothlypis
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3253:Basileuterus
3251:
3231:
3211:
3206:Mitrospingus
3204:
3197:
3177:
3137:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:Cardinalidae
3013:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2960:Emberizoidea
2927:Emberizoidea
2914:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2859:Motacillidae
2842:
2835:Fringillinae
2822:
2817:Chlorophonia
2815:
2795:
2785:
2775:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2725:Rhodacanthis
2723:
2713:
2706:
2701:Psittirostra
2699:
2691:Pseudonestor
2689:
2684:Procarduelis
2682:
2675:
2668:
2661:
2654:
2644:
2637:
2632:Melamprosops
2630:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2566:Hesperiphona
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2495:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2464:
2457:
2452:Callacanthis
2450:
2443:
2436:
2426:
2418:Agraphospiza
2416:
2409:
2393:Fringillidae
2335:
2330:Anomalospiza
2328:
2308:
2288:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2051:Oreostruthus
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1959:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1913:Lagonosticta
1911:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1823:Delacourella
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1780:
1773:
1766:Erythrurinae
1753:
1746:
1739:
1688:Infraorder:
1575:
1571:
1562:
1554:
1527:
1523:
1493:
1489:
1476:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1422:
1418:
1408:
1397:. Retrieved
1377:
1373:
1360:
1348:. Retrieved
1343:
1294:
1290:
1250:
1243:
1233:
1223:
1213:
1206:
1196:
1186:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1135:. Retrieved
1130:
1121:
1102:
1080:
1058:
1036:
1014:
997:
975:
958:
936:
919:
897:
880:
858:
836:
814:
797:
780:
758:
736:
719:
702:
680:
658:
636:
614:
591:
573:
551:
504:
502:
488:
483:
470:
464:
455:
451:
445:
431:
426:
420:
413:Procarduelis
412:
409:Agraphospiza
408:
394:
389:
385:
373:
370:Haematospiza
369:
365:
353:
345:
333:
315:
308:purple finch
299:phylogenetic
296:
291:
287:
273:
266:type species
257:
255:
245:
243:
238:
234:
219:Fringillidae
205:
204:
196:
194:
187:
176:Pallas, 1776
169:
163:Type species
147:
146:
127:Fringillidae
51:
33:Rosefinches
27:
20:
5227:iNaturalist
5108:Wikispecies
4959:Neothraupis
4945:Ixothraupis
4938:Iridosornis
4882:Calochaetes
4827:Tachyphonus
4813:Ramphocelus
4670:Xenospingus
4663:Urothraupis
4614:Nephelornis
4593:Donacospiza
4579:Cnemoscopus
4563:Poospizinae
4552:Orchesticus
4518:Cyanicterus
4491:Iridophanes
4339:Conirostrum
4325:Acanthidops
4316:Diglossinae
4236:Melanospiza
4001:Psarocolius
3967:Amblycercus
3884:Hypopyrrhus
3877:Gymnomystax
3870:Gnorimopsar
3821:Agelasticus
3807:Agelaioides
3719:See below ↓
3699:Teretistris
3670:Spindalidae
3605:Zonotrichia
3518:Passerculus
3455:Calamospiza
3337:Oreothlypis
3323:Myiothlypis
3295:Leiothlypis
3281:Helmitheros
3267:Catharopeza
3233:Nesospingus
3199:Lamprospiza
3159:See below ↓
3130:Emberizidae
3077:Granatellus
3063:Cyanocompsa
3035:Amaurospiza
2972:Calcariidae
2936:See below ↓
2916:Peucedramus
2808:Euphoniinae
2732:Rhodopechys
2670:Paroreomyza
2656:Orthiospiza
2580:Leucosticte
2559:Hemignathus
2402:Carduelinae
2357:See below ↓
2281:Prunellidae
2242:Plocepasser
2235:Philetairus
2172:Amblyospiza
2079:Taeniopygia
2037:Heteromunia
2007:Poephilinae
1968:Lepidopygia
1952:Lonchurinae
1941:Uraeginthus
1934:Spermophaga
1816:Cryptospiza
1793:Estrildinae
1755:Ortygospiza
1732:Amandavinae
1723:Estrildidae
1711:Passeroidea
1696:Passeroidea
1462:: 184–189.
1350:10 December
1332:Gill, Frank
1170:: 215–234.
528:Common Name
422:Leucosticte
312:house finch
272:in 1842 as
270:George Gray
197:rosefinches
137:Carduelinae
133:Subfamily:
22:Leucosticte
5333:Carpodacus
5114:Carpodacus
5084:Carpodacus
4973:Pipraeidea
4903:Chlorornis
4875:Buthraupis
4852:Thraupinae
4744:Sporophila
4697:Rhopospina
4656:Thlypopsis
4649:Sphenopsis
4502:Nemosiinae
4443:Embernagra
4409:Xenodacnis
4374:Melanodera
4360:Haplospiza
4264:Platyspiza
4243:Melopyrrha
4229:Loxipasser
4180:Asemospiza
4171:Coerebinae
4112:Thraupidae
4021:Dolichonyx
3994:Cassiculus
3978:Cassicinae
3947:Xanthopsar
3891:Lampropsar
3798:Agelaiinae
3777:Pandanaris
3710:Thraupidae
3625:Microligea
3591:Torreornis
3535:Pedinorhis
3525:Passerella
3476:Chondestes
3434:Arremonops
3413:Amphispiza
3399:Ammodramus
3274:Geothlypis
3260:Cardellina
3213:Orthogonys
3170:Icteriidae
3105:Pheucticus
3070:Cyanoloxia
3042:Cardinalis
2797:Xestospiza
2777:Vangulifer
2739:Rhodospiza
2646:Oreomystis
2552:Haemorhous
2476:Chloridops
2466:Carpodacus
2270:Sporopipes
2221:Histurgops
2200:Dinemellia
2193:Bubalornis
2186:Brachycope
2179:Anaplectes
2152:Pyrgilauda
2103:Carpospiza
2094:Passeridae
2072:Stizoptera
2016:Aidemosyne
1996:Spermestes
1982:Mayrimunia
1920:Pyrenestes
1885:Clytospiza
1865:Parmoptila
1851:Nesocharis
1809:Coccopygia
1682:Suborder:
1652:Genera of
1452:Carpodacus
1399:2012-07-18
1158:Carpodacus
1137:2023-07-16
1114:References
505:Carpodacus
503:The genus
471:Carpodacus
456:Carpodacus
447:Haemorhous
427:Carpodacus
390:Carpodacus
366:Carpodacus
317:Haemorhous
258:Carpodacus
256:The genus
246:Carpodacus
206:Carpodacus
188:See text.
148:Carpodacus
4841:Volatinia
4785:Eucometis
4778:Creurgops
4690:Incaspiza
4621:Piezorina
4586:Cypsnagra
4388:Phrygilus
4381:Nesospiza
4332:Catamenia
4291:Cyanerpes
4250:Phonipara
4222:Loxigilla
4208:Euneornis
4194:Certhidea
4068:Sturnella
4032:Icterinae
3940:Quiscalus
3933:Ptiloxena
3905:Molothrus
3842:Chrysomus
3767:Cremaster
3743:Icteridae
3679:Spindalis
3639:Xenoligea
3598:Xenospiza
3563:Pooecetes
3549:Pezopetes
3490:Melospiza
3462:Centronyx
3448:Atlapetes
3406:Ammospiza
3392:Aimophila
3372:Vermivora
3365:Setophaga
3330:Oporornis
3316:Myioborus
3309:Mniotilta
3288:Leucopeza
3244:Parulidae
3150:Icteridae
3091:Passerina
2981:Calcarius
2889:Motacilla
2844:Fringilla
2787:Viridonia
2767:Telespiza
2639:Mycerobas
2608:Loxioides
2573:Himatione
2521:Crithagra
2459:Carduelis
2445:Bucanetes
2428:Aidemedia
2207:Euplectes
2163:Ploceidae
1899:Granatina
1844:Mandingoa
1802:Brunhilda
1782:Erythrura
1690:Passerida
1664:Kingdom:
1592:0004-8038
1394:198159113
594:(extinct)
452:Erythrina
405:monotypic
354:Erythrina
350:monotypic
211:passerine
83:Kingdom:
77:Eukaryota
5327:Category
5167:45510275
5093:Wikidata
5043:Thraupis
5022:Stilpnia
4966:Paroaria
4910:Cissopis
4806:Loriotus
4717:Saltator
4628:Poospiza
4395:Rowettia
4367:Idiopsar
4346:Diglossa
4282:Dacninae
4215:Geospiza
3919:Oreopsar
3912:Nesopsar
3863:Euphagus
3814:Agelaius
3577:Spizella
3511:Oriturus
3497:Melozone
3344:Parkesia
3139:Emberiza
2882:Macronyx
2824:Euphonia
2708:Pyrrhula
2677:Pinicola
2663:Palmeria
2594:Linurgus
2528:Drepanis
2507:Ciridops
2411:Acanthis
2321:Viduidae
2290:Prunella
2228:Malimbus
2145:Petronia
2110:Gymnoris
2058:Poephila
2044:Neochmia
2023:Bathilda
1975:Lonchura
1906:Hypargos
1830:Estrilda
1775:Chloebia
1748:Amandava
1672:Chordata
1670:Phylum:
1666:Animalia
1600:86164717
1546:22018543
1311:22023825
1231:(1842).
1194:(1829).
399:and the
324:and the
279:, 1776,
252:Taxonomy
182:Species
123:Family:
97:Chordata
93:Phylum:
87:Animalia
73:Domain:
5245:1426927
5219:2494445
5123:Avibase
5099:Q843168
5029:Tangara
4994:Rauenia
4931:Dubusia
4868:Bangsia
4525:Nemosia
4402:Sicalis
4305:Tersina
4201:Coereba
4061:Leistes
4041:Icterus
3987:Cacicus
3849:Curaeus
3835:Anumara
3542:Peucaea
3427:Arremon
3358:Seiurus
3179:Icteria
3112:Piranga
2753:Serinus
2622:Magumma
2587:Linaria
2545:Eophona
2483:Chloris
2438:Akialoa
2249:Ploceus
2030:Emblema
1961:Euodice
1927:Pytilia
1858:Nigrita
1741:Amadina
1684:Passeri
1676:Class:
1502:4088679
1490:The Auk
1374:The Auk
863:Taiwan
499:Species
438:Miocene
340:to the
223:plumage
217:family
143:Genus:
113:Order:
103:Class:
5310:130728
5297:711863
5258:179185
5180:1CARDG
4298:Dacnis
4271:Tiaris
3556:Pipilo
2868:Anthus
2760:Spinus
2615:Loxops
2263:Quelea
2214:Foudia
2138:Passer
1598:
1590:
1544:
1500:
1392:
1309:
1258:
980:China
724:China
511:, the
493:family
473:. The
386:Uragus
380:. The
356:. The
338:sister
310:, and
288:karpos
277:Pallas
264:. The
235:karpos
233:terms
225:. The
199:are a
156:, 1829
5284:30426
5240:IRMNG
5193:97485
5154:62KK5
4924:Diuca
4799:Lanio
3856:Dives
3483:Junco
3119:Spiza
3084:Habia
2601:Loxia
2337:Vidua
1989:Padda
1596:S2CID
1568:(PDF)
1498:JSTOR
1486:(PDF)
1390:S2CID
1370:(PDF)
1287:(PDF)
525:Image
292:dakos
239:dakno
215:finch
209:, of
201:genus
5279:NCBI
5253:ITIS
5232:9628
5214:GBIF
5175:EPPO
5141:4800
5136:BOLD
1678:Aves
1588:ISSN
1542:PMID
1456:Ibis
1419:Ibis
1352:2023
1307:PMID
1256:ISBN
244:The
195:The
154:Kaup
107:Aves
5266:NBN
5162:EoL
5149:CoL
1580:doi
1576:117
1572:Auk
1532:doi
1494:112
1464:doi
1460:158
1427:doi
1423:155
1382:doi
1378:129
1299:doi
1172:doi
1168:169
479:mya
442:mya
5329::
5307::
5294::
5281::
5268::
5255::
5242::
5229::
5216::
5203::
5190::
5177::
5164::
5151::
5138::
5125::
5110::
5095::
1594:.
1586:.
1574:.
1570:.
1540:.
1528:21
1526:.
1522:.
1510:^
1492:.
1488:.
1458:.
1421:.
1417:.
1388:.
1376:.
1372:.
1342:.
1319:^
1305:.
1295:62
1293:.
1289:.
1270:^
1166:.
1162:.
1160:)"
1146:^
1129:.
519:.
462:.
429:.
415:.
392:.
306:,
203:,
54:)
3783:†
3773:†
3763:†
3531:†
2793:†
2783:†
2773:†
2721:†
2697:†
2652:†
2628:†
2534:†
2503:†
2472:†
2434:†
2424:†
1645:e
1638:t
1631:v
1602:.
1582::
1565:"
1548:.
1534::
1504:.
1470:.
1466::
1435:.
1429::
1402:.
1384::
1354:.
1313:.
1301::
1264:.
1180:.
1174::
1140:.
585:†
487:(
332:(
50:(
24:.
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