48:
222:
451:, and spread to other parts of the city. The RRV infection is characterised by inflammation and pain to multiple joints. Hydration by sufficient fluid intake is recommended, to ensure that the fever does not rise to very dangerous levels. It is also recommended that a doctor be consulted immediately as regular paracetamol gives only temporary reprieve from the fever.
669:
three-fold. This is again based on the repelling of vectors such as mosquitoes through the use of bright colours. Lastly, high risk areas should be minimised by mechanisms of prevention that are applied within households. For example, screens should be fitted to windows and doors to prevent entry of
652:
can be easily prevented through small behavioural mechanisms which should be of high importance in tropical areas and during participation of outdoor activities. Firstly, insect repellent should be rigorously used as to prevent bites from insects that specifically include mosquitoes which are vectors
612:
in
Australia. These risks were trialed in a study conducted in tropical Australia which illustrate that factors such as camping, light coloured clothing, exposure to certain flora and fauna and specific protective mechanisms are able to increase or decrease the likelihood of contracting the virus. By
985:
ICTV 7th Report van
Regenmortel, M.H.V., Fauquet, C.M., Bishop, D.H.L., Carstens, E.B., Estes, M.K., Lemon, S.M., Maniloff, J., Mayo, M.A., McGeoch, D.J., Pringle, C.R. and Wickner, R.B. (2000). Virus taxonomy. Seventh report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Academic Press, San
599:
Evidence shows that there is a strong correlation between contracting RRV when living in close proximity to wetlands in the south west of
Western Australia. However, due to continuous growth and development of residential areas around these wetlands it is expected that problems with RRV disease will
591:
In 1995–96 Leschenault and Capel-Busselton were affected by an outbreak of 524 cases of RRV disease. Although this occurred around a decade ago, the data analysed the total RRV cases per 1000 persons for each 500m buffer zone. This shows an elevated risk of contracting the disease if living in close
567:
where living near water is desirable for aesthetic value. Over the decade of June 2011 – 2012 the population increased by 44,000 residents averaging a rate of 4.5 per cent per annum. In June 2013 the Peel region accounted for approximately five per cent of the State's population and predicted to
739:
arose in which some joints become swollen and joint stiffness was particularly noticeable. A clinical examination of the infected individual shows a significant decrease of specific antibodies despite the normal blood count levels. A rash is a good indication that is likely to occur but usually
670:
insects carrying the virus and potential breeding areas such as open water containers or water holding plants should be removed. Therefore, specific climatic environments should be assessed for high risk factors and the appropriate precautions should be taken in response.
744:
are important to be aware of so that early treatment can be administered before the virus worsens. The time between catching the disease and experiencing symptoms is anywhere between three days to three weeks, usually it takes about 1–2 weeks. A person can be tested for
613:
increasing the frequency of camping the individual's risk increases eight-fold, suggesting that an increased exposure to wildlife increases risk. This is shown by the narrow 95% confidence interval of 1.07–4.35 within the study. For example, an individual's exposure to
722:
are important to recognise for early diagnosis and therefore early treatment. Symptoms have been illustrated in a case report of an infected
Thuringian traveller returning from South-East Australia. This case showed flu-like symptoms that include
824:
is named after the Ross River in
Townsville, which is the place where it was first identified. Ross River fever is the most common mosquito-borne disease in Australia, and nearly 5000 people are reported to be infected with the virus each year.
250:. The alphaviruses are a group of small enveloped single-strand positive-sense RNA viruses. RRV belongs to a subgroup of "Old World" (Eurasian-African-Australasian) alphaviruses, and belongs to the SF antigenic complex of the genus Alphavirus.
765:
should occur in patients who are experiencing acute polyarthritis, tiredness and/or rashes (~90%) with a history of travel within areas prone to infection from the virus. Serology (blood tests) is the appropriate manner by which to diagnose
683:
which are immunopathogenic and exacerbate disease. Furthermore, recent data indicate that the serum component, C3, directly contributes to disease since mice deficient in the C3 protein do not suffer from severe disease following infection.
583:
at the six kilometre buffer zone. The study suggests that there is a significantly higher risk of contracting RRV when living closer to Muddy Lakes however, there was a rise in the two kilometre buffer zone of 3700 mosquitos with 94%
678:
The study of RRV has been recently facilitated by a mouse model. Inbred mice infected with RRV develop hind-limb arthritis/arthralgia. The disease in mice, similar to humans, is characterised by an inflammatory infiltrate including
1077:
849:
Old JM, Deane EM (2005). Antibodies to the Ross River virus in captive marsupials in urban areas of eastern New South Wales, Australia. Journal of
Wildlife Disease. 41(3), 64-67. DOI: 8081/1959.7/10666
575:(RRV) and the distance of the dwellings from Muddy Lakes. The reports showed within a one kilometre buffer zone there were approximately 1550 mosquitos in traps per night with 89% of them being
951:
Scherer WF, Funkenbusch M, Buescher EL, Izumit (1962). "Sagiyama virus, a new group A arthropod-borne virus from Japan. I. Isolation, immunologic classification, and ecologic observations".
641:
for the virus. Although these areas show a higher risk for the virus, humans should still enjoy the wildlife but consider that preventive mechanisms as increasingly important while camping.
2826:
1258:"Ross River Virus Risk Associated with Dispersal of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) camptorhynchus (Thomson) from Breeding Habitat into Surrounding Residential Areas: Muddy Lakes, Western Australia"
1456:
378:, Queensland, Australia. Further serological testing showed that patients who had suffered "epidemic polyarthritis" in Queensland had antibodies to the virus. The new virus was named
1592:
Schleenvoigt, B.T.; Baier, M.; Hagel, S.; Forstner, C.; Kotsche, R.; Pletz, M. W. (2015). "Ross river virus infection in a
Thuringian traveller returning from south-east Australia".
1070:
517:
1767:
2582:
1305:
1193:
3098:
840:
Ong OTW, Stephensen EB, Johnson BJ, Old JM (2021). Mosquito-borne viruses and non-human vertebrates in
Australia: A review. Viruses. 13, 265. DOI: 10.3390/v13020265
1557:
Kumanomido T, Kamada M, Wada R, Kenemaru T, Sugiura T, Akiyama Y (1988). "Pathogenicity for horses of original
Sagiyama virus, a member of the Getah virus group".
661:
candles are based on the same principle, that it repels insects that are vectors of the virus. Burning such candles also show a strong correlation with decreased
1048:
3152:
3111:
2836:
1643:
1527:
2211:
921:
1326:"Geographic Information Systems used to describe the link between the risk of Ross River virus infection and proximity to the Leschenault estuary, WA"
563:, residential development is occurring closer to wetlands in spite of the fact that the ecosystem is known for mosquito breeding. Particularly in the
1735:
3195:
3085:
1848:
1237:
665:
risk shown in the same study with a narrow 95% confidence interval of 0.10–0.78. Secondly, wearing light coloured clothing decrease the risk of
520:, the species was declared completely eradicated from New Zealand in July 2010. As of September 2006, there has never been a report of a case of
527:
Separate mosquito species may act as vector, widespread across areas and seasonal/geographical locations. In southern and northern regions, the
1760:
401:, North Queensland. The child had a fever and a rash but no arthritis, making the link between RRV and Ross River fever less than concrete.
2085:
2200:
625:
also increased risk, suggesting that they are reservoirs for infection, breeding sites for mosquitoes and potential vectors of the virus.
588:. A similar trend in the study same study conducted in the Peel region resulting in less mosquitoes the further away the buffer distance.
393:. It was found that RRV isolated from human serum could kill mice. However, the serum containing the virus that was used had come from an
990:
3190:
2075:
774:
and is a presumptive positive diagnosis. IgM may persist for months or even years and therefore false positives may be triggered by
404:
The largest-ever outbreak of the virus was in 1979–1980 and occurred in the western
Pacific. The outbreak involved the islands of
2587:
2427:
1960:
1955:
1753:
653:
that carry the disease. A study in tropical Australia shows a very narrow 95% confidence interval of 0.20–1.00 for a decrease in
513:
1014:
2362:
1214:
657:
risk as a result of increased use of insect repellent, suggesting a strong correlation between the two. Following, burning
2619:
2259:
1858:
2910:
2905:
2513:
711:
in the persons hands and feet, but only occurs in a small number of people. The virus also causes moderate symptoms in
1044:
2540:
2535:
2523:
2065:
1948:
794:, a second serology test must be conducted 10–14 days after the first. The patient may then be declared positive for
1535:
47:
2629:
2547:
2528:
1894:
3157:
3116:
2752:
2215:
1708:
209:". There is no known cure, and it can last in the host's system for up to 20 years. The virus is suspected to be
2107:
1480:"Complement contributes to inflammatory tissue destruction in a mouse model of Ross River virus-induced disease"
2831:
2774:
2652:
2447:
1972:
1413:"Antibodies to the Ross River Virus in Captive Marsupials in Urban Areas of Eastern New South Wales, Australia"
929:
564:
483:
and marsupial mammals, and also in a few bird species. It is not presently known what reservoir hosts support
3180:
2935:
2597:
2592:
2497:
2292:
2278:
2254:
2196:
2006:
1890:
1732:
371:
3185:
3025:
2282:
2250:
2226:
2061:
1939:
1863:
1838:
1824:
1803:
1146:"Proximity to Mosquito Breeding Habitat and Ross River Virus Risk in the Peel Region of Western Australia"
394:
375:
186:
3205:
2715:
2624:
2602:
2266:
1943:
1299:
1187:
925:
277:
3063:
1234:
420:. However, RRV was later isolated in humans following a series of epidemic polyarthritis outbreaks in
3200:
2767:
2762:
2141:
500:
492:
324:. The name "epidemic polyarthritis" was coined for the disease. In 1956, an epidemic occurred in the
293:
42:
2703:
2688:
2557:
2352:
775:
593:
543:
509:
336:
testing suggested an unknown new species of alphavirus (group A arbovirus) was the likely culprit.
2900:
2175:
2027:
1617:
1448:
464:
309:
432:
during 1979. RRV was isolated in an Australian patient suffering from Ross River fever in 1985.
3103:
213:
in populations of various native Australian mammals, and has been found on occasion in horses.
3072:
2980:
2757:
2100:
1914:
1682:
1609:
1574:
1509:
1440:
1432:
1393:
1347:
1287:
1175:
1119:
1026:
968:
903:
787:
638:
560:
488:
357:. For a time, it was thought to be a separate species, but is now considered conspecific with
329:
1745:
987:
2708:
2693:
2323:
2129:
1674:
1601:
1566:
1499:
1491:
1424:
1383:
1337:
1277:
1269:
1165:
1157:
1111:
960:
893:
885:
807:
771:
383:
321:
317:
202:
198:
190:
2785:
2415:
2408:
2403:
2206:
2117:
1997:
1992:
1739:
1241:
1218:
1115:
994:
297:
120:
96:
2612:
2300:
2271:
1504:
1479:
1282:
1257:
1170:
1145:
658:
630:
262:
1678:
1665:
Fraser, J.R. (12 August 1986). "Epidemic polyarthritis and Ross River virus disease".
253:
The virions (virus particles) themselves contain their genome in a protein capsid 700
3174:
2959:
2869:
2817:
2738:
2720:
2642:
2562:
2438:
2420:
2332:
2122:
1779:
1570:
1342:
1325:
1324:
Vally, H.; Peel, M.; Dowse, G. K.; Codde, J. P.; Hanigan, I.; Lindsay, M. D. (2012).
898:
873:
703:
on the limbs of the body, which often occurs roughly 10 days after arthritis begins.
417:
366:
258:
206:
108:
84:
1621:
1452:
874:"Ross River virus transmission, infection, and disease: a cross-disciplinary review"
707:
may enlarge, most commonly in the arm pits or groin region, and rarely a feeling of
3077:
2973:
2799:
2573:
2388:
2307:
2241:
2230:
2187:
2022:
2015:
2010:
1965:
1930:
1873:
1815:
622:
440:
429:
413:
398:
325:
1783:
1211:
889:
1256:
Jardine, A., Neville, P. J., Dent, C., Webster, C., & Lindsay, M. D. (2014).
3057:
2804:
2794:
2698:
2679:
2506:
2501:
2397:
2161:
2095:
2052:
1982:
1904:
1828:
1412:
708:
246:
17:
3143:
1428:
1102:
Russell, R.C. (31 January 2007). "Ross River virus: ecology and distribution".
2991:
2921:
2891:
2841:
2725:
2607:
2488:
2343:
2221:
2152:
2034:
1883:
1605:
1534:. Department of Health, State Government, Victoria. March 2013. Archived from
964:
750:
736:
704:
695:
can cause multiple symptoms in someone who is infected, the most common being
680:
472:
313:
301:
289:
240:
182:
144:
132:
3048:
1436:
3000:
1792:
696:
468:
305:
273:
221:
178:
72:
1613:
1513:
1444:
1397:
1351:
1291:
1179:
1123:
1030:
972:
907:
568:
account for around 6.7 per cent of Western Australia's population by 2031.
1686:
1578:
1273:
1161:
608:
There are several factors that can contribute to an individual's risk for
332:. The Australian disease seemed to progress in a milder fashion. In 1956,
3137:
3042:
1776:
1495:
1388:
1371:
732:
634:
614:
480:
340:
333:
269:
254:
210:
194:
3090:
193:
and other islands in the South Pacific. It is responsible for a type of
2930:
2879:
2857:
2376:
783:
779:
618:
459:
In rural and regional areas of Australia, the continued prevalence of
2968:
2747:
2476:
2465:
1700:
1370:
Harley, David; Ritchie, Scott; Bain, Chris; Sleigh, Adrian C (2005).
728:
364:
In 1959, a new alphavirus was identified in samples from a mosquito (
3019:
1235:
http://www.peel.wa.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/PEEL-PEOPLE.pdf
724:
712:
529:
448:
425:
409:
390:
348:
344:
226:
220:
59:
1636:"Ross River virus infection – Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention"
1635:
1478:
Morrison TE, Fraser RJ, Smith PN, Mahalingam S, Heise MT (2007).
2039:
700:
637:
in urban areas in New South Wales, Australia, and are potential
444:
421:
405:
288:
In 1928, an outbreak of acute febrile arthritis was recorded in
261:(E1 and E2) embedded as trimeric dimers in a host-derived lipid
3023:
1749:
798:
infection if there is a 4-fold increase of IgM antibody count.
2667:
596:, within 2 km being the strongest disease risk gradient.
559:
Due to the expansion and housing demand in the south west of
1013:
Barber, Bridget; Denholm, Justin T.; Spelman, Denis (2009).
753:, other illnesses may need to be excluded before diagnosis.
328:
which was compared to "acute viral polyarthritis" caused by
389:
The virus itself was first isolated in 1972 using suckling
257:
in diameter. They are characterised by the presence of two
1372:"Risks for Ross River virus disease in tropical Australia"
988:
https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/ICTV%207th%20Report.pdf
1144:
Jardine, A., Neville, P.J., & Lindsay, M. D. (2015).
339:
In July and August 1956 and 1957, a virus recovered from
1742:
University of Sydney, Department of Medical Entomology
276:, a non-taxonomic term for viruses borne by arthropod
1262:
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
629:
antibodies have been found in captive populations of
3127:
3032:
2989:
2957:
2948:
2919:
2889:
2867:
2856:
2815:
2783:
2736:
2677:
2666:
2640:
2571:
2486:
2475:
2464:
2436:
2386:
2375:
2341:
2321:
2239:
2185:
2174:
2150:
2050:
1928:
1813:
1802:
1791:
1330:
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health
1071:"ARPHS Fact Sheet – Ross River Virus (RRV) Disease"
1045:"New Zealand first to wipe out the 'Aussie mozzie'"
579:decreasing to approximately 450 mosquitos with 57%
1206:Government of Western Australia. (17 April 2012).
770:. Within 7 days of infection, the virus produces
541:) are the main RRV carriers. However, inland the
1212:http://online.planning.wa.gov.au/udp/solahspp5/
551:mosquitoes becoming active during wet seasons.
1411:Old, Julie M; Deane, Elizabeth M (July 2005).
197:-borne, non-lethal but extremely debilitating
1761:
1210:. Retrieved from Planning Western Australia:
8:
1304:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1233:Retrieved from Peel Development Commission:
1192:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
512:, in 1998. Due to an 11-year program by the
2212:Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
1076:. Auckland Regional Public Health Service.
740:disappears after ten days. The symptoms of
300:, Australia. In 1943, several outbreaks of
3020:
2954:
2864:
2674:
2483:
2472:
2383:
2182:
1810:
1799:
1768:
1754:
1746:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
571:A study comparing the risk of contracting
31:
1503:
1387:
1341:
1281:
1169:
897:
867:
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
699:or joint pain. Other symptoms include a
177:) is a small encapsulated single-strand
1047:. New Zealand Government. 1 July 2010.
833:
518:Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries
1297:
1185:
872:Harley D, Sleigh A, Ritchie S (2001).
439:was found to have made its way to the
2583:Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
1701:"Ross River Virus – Ross River Fever"
1376:International Journal of Epidemiology
1365:
1363:
1361:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1251:
1249:
1229:Peel Development Commission. (2014).
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1116:10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145100
1083:from the original on 20 December 2012
1051:from the original on 19 November 2010
735:and pains in the body. Additionally,
479:have been found in a wide variety of
7:
1231:Snapshot of Statistics: Peel People.
2086:Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis
1150:Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
812:Ross River fever is also known as
25:
498:The southern saltmarsh mosquito (
2076:Western equine encephalomyelitis
2066:Eastern equine encephalomyelitis
1711:from the original on 15 May 2023
1646:from the original on 2 July 2023
1459:from the original on 2 July 2023
1343:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2012.00869.x
1208:State of land and housing supply
884:(4): 909–32, table of contents.
46:
3196:Human viruses described in 1959
2201:Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever
504:), which is known to carry the
2363:Kemerovo tickborne viral fever
1733:Ross River & Barmah Forest
514:New Zealand Ministry of Health
463:is thought to be supported by
268:Because RRV is transmitted by
244:, which is part of the family
205:, previously termed "epidemic
1:
2620:Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
1859:Jamestown Canyon encephalitis
1679:10.1016/s0307-742x(21)00556-7
890:10.1128/CMR.14.4.909-932.2001
524:acquired within New Zealand.
217:Classification and morphology
2514:Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever
1571:10.1016/0378-1135(88)90050-8
1417:Journal of Wildlife Diseases
320:, off the northern coast of
2536:Brazilian hemorrhagic fever
2524:Argentine hemorrhagic fever
1019:Australian Family Physician
238:belongs to the virus genus
3222:
2548:Bolivian hemorrhagic fever
2428:Sandfly fever Naples virus
1528:"Ross River Virus Disease"
1429:10.7589/0090-3558-41.3.611
814:Ross River virus infection
805:
3191:Viruses described in 1959
2216:Huaiyangshan banyangvirus
1738:13 September 2008 at the
1606:10.1007/s15010-014-0695-0
965:10.4269/ajtmh.1962.11.255
790:. To completely test for
547:is the main carrier with
41:
34:
2832:SARS-related coronavirus
2795:Henipavirus encephalitis
2653:Murid gammaherpesvirus 4
2498:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
2279:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
2251:Arbovirus encephalitides
2227:Arbovirus encephalitides
2197:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
2162:Banna virus encephalitis
2062:Arbovirus encephalitides
2007:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
1973:Saint Louis encephalitis
1940:Arbovirus encephalitides
1891:Viral hemorrhagic fevers
1825:Arbovirus encephalitides
993:16 February 2023 at the
818:Ross River virus disease
2936:Yaba monkey tumor virus
2293:Kyasanur Forest disease
2255:Tick-borne encephalitis
1956:Australian encephalitis
1849:California encephalitis
2283:Omsk hemorrhagic fever
1864:La Crosse encephalitis
1217:20 August 2014 at the
772:Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
308:were described in the
272:, it is considered an
231:
2716:Marburg virus disease
2267:Powassan encephalitis
1944:Japanese encephalitis
1532:Better Health Channel
1274:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0399
1240:14 March 2023 at the
1162:10.1089/vbz.2014.1693
330:the Chikungunya virus
224:
2142:Semliki Forest virus
1496:10.1128/JVI.02799-06
932:on 25 September 2008
878:Clin. Microbiol. Rev
508:, was discovered in
501:Aedes camptorhynchus
43:Virus classification
27:Species of RNA virus
2689:Ebola virus disease
2353:Colorado tick fever
2108:O'nyong'nyong fever
1705:Kimberley Australia
776:Barmah Forest virus
594:Leschenault Estuary
544:Culex annulirostris
510:Napier, New Zealand
2901:Simian foamy virus
1389:10.1093/ije/dyh411
1015:"Ross river virus"
926:Panbio Diagnostics
922:"Ross River fever"
709:'pins and needles'
586:Ae. camptorhynchus
581:Ae. camptorhynchus
577:Ae. camptorhynchus
465:natural reservoirs
382:, and the disease
310:Northern Territory
232:
3168:
3167:
3026:Taxon identifiers
3017:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3008:
2944:
2943:
2852:
2851:
2662:
2661:
2460:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2371:
2370:
2170:
2169:
1915:Rift Valley fever
953:Am J Trop Med Hyg
788:rheumatoid factor
592:proximity to the
561:Western Australia
555:Western Australia
535:A. camptorhynchus
370:) trapped in the
351:, and was dubbed
166:
165:
16:(Redirected from
3213:
3161:
3160:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3120:
3119:
3107:
3106:
3094:
3093:
3081:
3080:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3064:Ross River virus
3053:
3052:
3051:
3034:Ross River virus
3021:
2955:
2865:
2675:
2484:
2473:
2448:Chandipura virus
2384:
2324:Orthomyxoviridae
2183:
2130:Ross River fever
1895:Bunyamwera fever
1811:
1800:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1747:
1721:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1538:on 15 April 2015
1524:
1518:
1517:
1507:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1391:
1367:
1356:
1355:
1345:
1321:
1310:
1309:
1303:
1295:
1285:
1253:
1244:
1227:
1221:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1183:
1173:
1141:
1128:
1127:
1104:Annu Rev Entomol
1099:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1082:
1075:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1010:
997:
983:
977:
976:
948:
942:
941:
939:
937:
928:. Archived from
918:
912:
911:
901:
869:
850:
847:
841:
838:
822:Ross River virus
808:Ross River fever
802:Ross River fever
796:Ross River virus
792:Ross River virus
768:Ross River virus
763:Ross River virus
747:Ross River virus
742:Ross River virus
720:Ross River virus
718:The symptoms of
693:Ross River virus
667:Ross River virus
663:Ross River virus
655:Ross River virus
650:Ross River virus
631:tammar wallabies
627:Ross River virus
623:bromeliad plants
610:Ross River virus
573:Ross River virus
522:Ross River virus
516:, and later the
506:Ross River virus
485:Ross River virus
477:Ross River virus
461:Ross River virus
437:Ross River virus
384:Ross River fever
380:Ross River virus
359:Ross River virus
322:Papua New Guinea
318:Schouten Islands
236:Ross River virus
203:Ross River fever
199:tropical disease
191:Papua New Guinea
170:Ross River virus
159:Ross River virus
51:
50:
36:Ross River virus
32:
21:
18:Ross river virus
3221:
3220:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3156:
3151:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3123:
3115:
3110:
3102:
3097:
3089:
3084:
3076:
3071:
3062:
3061:
3056:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3028:
3018:
3005:
2985:
2950:
2940:
2915:
2885:
2859:
2848:
2811:
2786:Paramyxoviridae
2779:
2732:
2669:
2658:
2636:
2567:
2478:
2467:
2452:
2432:
2416:Pappataci fever
2409:Oropouche virus
2404:Oropouche fever
2378:
2367:
2337:
2317:
2235:
2207:Heartland virus
2177:
2166:
2146:
2118:Pogosta disease
2046:
1993:West Nile fever
1924:
1805:
1794:
1787:
1774:
1740:Wayback Machine
1729:
1724:
1714:
1712:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1490:(10): 5132–43.
1477:
1476:
1472:
1462:
1460:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1369:
1368:
1359:
1323:
1322:
1313:
1296:
1255:
1254:
1247:
1242:Wayback Machine
1228:
1224:
1219:Wayback Machine
1205:
1201:
1184:
1143:
1142:
1131:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1012:
1011:
1000:
995:Wayback Machine
984:
980:
950:
949:
945:
935:
933:
920:
919:
915:
871:
870:
853:
848:
844:
839:
835:
831:
810:
804:
759:
690:
676:
647:
606:
557:
457:
343:collected near
298:New South Wales
286:
234:Taxonomically,
219:
162:
122:Martellivirales
98:Kitrinoviricota
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3219:
3217:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3181:Animal viruses
3173:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3149:
3133:
3131:
3129:Sagiyama virus
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3108:
3095:
3082:
3069:
3054:
3038:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2965:
2963:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2897:
2895:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2875:
2873:
2862:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2791:
2789:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2744:
2742:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2685:
2683:
2672:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2648:
2646:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2579:
2577:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2494:
2492:
2481:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2444:
2442:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2401:
2394:
2392:
2381:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2349:
2347:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2329:
2327:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2247:
2245:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2224:
2219:
2209:
2204:
2193:
2191:
2180:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2058:
2056:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2003:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1936:
1934:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1861:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1821:
1819:
1808:
1797:
1789:
1788:
1780:viral diseases
1775:
1773:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1750:
1744:
1743:
1728:
1727:External links
1725:
1723:
1722:
1692:
1667:Clin Rheum Dis
1657:
1627:
1600:(2): 229–230.
1584:
1565:(4): 367–373.
1549:
1519:
1470:
1423:(3): 611–614.
1403:
1382:(3): 548–555.
1357:
1336:(3): 229–235.
1311:
1245:
1222:
1199:
1129:
1094:
1062:
1036:
1025:(8): 586–589.
998:
986:Diego. p. 887
978:
959:(2): 255–268.
943:
913:
851:
842:
832:
830:
827:
806:Main article:
803:
800:
758:
755:
689:
686:
675:
672:
646:
643:
605:
602:
556:
553:
491:areas such as
467:such as large
456:
453:
354:Sagiyama virus
285:
282:
218:
215:
189:to Australia,
164:
163:
156:
154:
150:
149:
142:
138:
137:
130:
126:
125:
118:
114:
113:
106:
102:
101:
94:
90:
89:
82:
78:
77:
70:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3218:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:Human viruses
3184:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3159:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3118:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3065:
3059:
3055:
3050:
3044:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3022:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2960:Rhabdoviridae
2956:
2953:
2947:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2870:Herpesviridae
2866:
2863:
2861:
2855:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2818:Coronaviridae
2814:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2739:Rhabdoviridae
2735:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2665:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2644:
2643:Herpesviridae
2639:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2463:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2439:Rhabdoviridae
2435:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2421:Toscana virus
2419:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2374:
2364:
2361:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2333:Bourbon virus
2331:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2320:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2173:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2123:Sindbis virus
2121:
2120:
2119:
2116:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1898:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1771:
1766:
1764:
1759:
1757:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1673:(2): 369–88.
1672:
1668:
1661:
1658:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1588:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1559:Vet Microbiol
1553:
1550:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1474:
1471:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1407:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1307:
1301:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1195:
1189:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1095:
1079:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
999:
996:
992:
989:
982:
979:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
947:
944:
931:
927:
923:
917:
914:
909:
905:
900:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
868:
866:
864:
862:
860:
858:
856:
852:
846:
843:
837:
834:
828:
826:
823:
819:
815:
809:
801:
799:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
764:
756:
754:
752:
748:
743:
738:
734:
730:
726:
721:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
687:
685:
682:
673:
671:
668:
664:
660:
656:
651:
644:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
611:
603:
601:
597:
595:
589:
587:
582:
578:
574:
569:
566:
562:
554:
552:
550:
546:
545:
540:
536:
532:
531:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
502:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
454:
452:
450:
446:
442:
438:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
418:New Caledonia
415:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
387:
385:
381:
377:
374:, located in
373:
369:
368:
367:Aedes vigilax
362:
360:
356:
355:
350:
346:
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
326:Murray Valley
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
283:
281:
279:
275:
271:
266:
264:
260:
259:glycoproteins
256:
251:
249:
248:
243:
242:
237:
229:
228:
223:
216:
214:
212:
208:
207:polyarthritis
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
185:
184:
180:
176:
172:
171:
161:
160:
155:
152:
151:
148:
147:
143:
140:
139:
136:
135:
131:
128:
127:
124:
123:
119:
116:
115:
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110:Alsuviricetes
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86:Orthornavirae
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3206:Alphaviruses
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3033:
2990:
2981:Mokola virus
2958:
2920:
2892:Retroviridae
2890:
2878:
2868:
2816:
2784:
2737:
2678:
2651:
2641:
2574:Bunyavirales
2572:
2489:Arenaviridae
2487:
2437:
2389:Bunyavirales
2387:
2342:
2322:
2308:Langat virus
2242:Flaviviridae
2240:
2231:Bhanja virus
2188:Bunyavirales
2186:
2151:
2134:
2051:
2023:Yellow fever
2011:Dengue fever
1931:Flaviviridae
1929:
1874:Tahyna virus
1839:Bwamba Fever
1816:Bunyavirales
1814:
1713:. Retrieved
1704:
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1660:
1648:. Retrieved
1639:
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1461:. Retrieved
1420:
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1300:cite journal
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1188:cite journal
1156:(2): 141–6.
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930:the original
916:
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762:
761:Testing for
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692:
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677:
674:Lab research
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430:Cook Islands
414:Cook Islands
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399:Edward River
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56:(unranked):
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3201:Arboviruses
3058:Wikispecies
2680:Filoviridae
2502:Lassa fever
2398:Adria virus
2096:Chikungunya
2053:Togaviridae
1983:Usutu virus
1905:Ngari virus
1829:Batai virus
705:Lymph nodes
681:macrophages
565:Peel region
334:serological
247:Togaviridae
134:Togaviridae
3175:Categories
2992:Poxviridae
2922:Poxviridae
2842:SARS-CoV-2
2344:Reoviridae
2222:Tete virus
2153:Reoviridae
2035:Zika fever
1884:Tete virus
1782:(A80–B34,
1087:23 January
1055:24 January
936:29 October
829:References
751:blood test
737:joint pain
659:citronella
645:Prevention
639:reservoirs
539:A. vigilax
473:Antibodies
395:Aboriginal
376:Townsville
372:Ross River
341:mosquitoes
314:Queensland
302:arthralgia
290:Narrandera
241:Alphavirus
183:Alphavirus
146:Alphavirus
3001:Monkeypox
1793:Arthropod
1640:SA Health
1594:Infection
1437:0090-3558
757:Diagnosis
697:arthritis
635:wallaroos
619:wallabies
615:kangaroos
481:placental
471:mammals.
469:marsupial
435:In 2010,
397:boy from
306:arthritis
274:arbovirus
270:mosquitos
201:known as
153:Species:
81:Kingdom:
74:Riboviria
3144:Q7399312
3138:Wikidata
3104:11460696
3091:10051192
3043:Wikidata
2949:Multiple
2837:SARS-CoV
2827:MERS-CoV
2016:DENV-1-4
1804:Mosquito
1777:Zoonotic
1736:Archived
1715:16 April
1709:Archived
1650:16 April
1644:Archived
1622:33629748
1614:25380568
1542:15 April
1514:17314163
1484:J. Virol
1457:Archived
1453:43361929
1445:16244073
1398:15659466
1352:22672028
1292:24799370
1238:Archived
1215:Archived
1180:25700045
1124:11729067
1110:: 1–31.
1078:Archived
1049:Archived
1031:19893779
991:Archived
973:14498263
908:11585790
733:headache
688:Symptoms
493:Brisbane
443:area in
428:and the
316:and the
263:envelope
230:mosquito
211:enzootic
195:mosquito
129:Family:
93:Phylum:
3049:Q660537
2951:vectors
2931:Tanapox
2880:B virus
2858:Primate
2377:Sandfly
2203:(CCHFV)
1784:042–079
1687:3026719
1579:2847399
1505:1900244
1283:4080547
1171:4340642
784:Q fever
780:rubella
600:occur.
533:group (
455:Ecology
284:History
278:vectors
187:endemic
141:Genus:
117:Order:
105:Class:
2969:Rabies
2911:HTLV-2
2906:HTLV-1
2860:-borne
2748:Rabies
2670:-borne
2479:-borne
2477:Rodent
2468:-borne
2466:Mammal
2400:(ADRV)
2379:-borne
2178:-borne
1806:-borne
1795:-borne
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1620:
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729:chills
713:horses
416:, and
412:, the
3158:59303
3117:11029
3099:IRMNG
3078:4TFD5
2709:ZEBOV
2613:THAIV
2101:CHIKV
1618:S2CID
1463:2 May
1449:S2CID
1081:(PDF)
1074:(PDF)
899:89008
749:by a
725:fever
604:Risks
549:Aedes
530:Aedes
449:India
441:Aundh
426:Samoa
410:Samoa
349:Japan
345:Tokyo
227:Aedes
67:Realm
60:Virus
3153:NCBI
3112:NCBI
3086:GBIF
2974:RABV
2775:CHPV
2763:DUVV
2758:MOKV
2753:ABLV
2726:RAVV
2721:MARV
2704:TAFV
2699:SUDV
2694:BDBV
2625:ANDV
2608:AMRV
2603:SEOV
2598:PUUV
2593:HTNV
2588:DOBV
2563:CHPV
2558:LUJV
2552:MACV
2541:SABV
2529:JUNV
2518:GTOV
2507:LASV
2357:CTFV
2312:LGTV
2301:AHFV
2297:KFDV
2287:OHFV
2272:POWV
2260:TBEV
2176:Tick
2112:ONNV
2090:VEEV
2080:WEEV
2070:EEEV
2040:ZIKV
1987:USUV
1977:SLEV
1966:KUNV
1961:MVEV
1919:RVFV
1909:NRIV
1899:BUNV
1878:TAHV
1868:LACV
1843:BWAV
1833:BATV
1717:2015
1683:PMID
1652:2015
1610:PMID
1575:PMID
1544:2015
1510:PMID
1465:2023
1441:PMID
1433:ISSN
1394:PMID
1348:PMID
1306:link
1288:PMID
1194:link
1176:PMID
1120:PMID
1089:2013
1057:2013
1027:PMID
969:PMID
938:2008
904:PMID
701:rash
633:and
621:and
537:and
445:Pune
422:Fiji
406:Fiji
391:mice
304:and
292:and
3073:CoL
2805:NiV
2800:HeV
2768:LBV
2668:Bat
2630:SNV
2135:RRV
2028:YFV
1998:WNV
1949:JEV
1853:CEV
1675:doi
1602:doi
1567:doi
1500:PMC
1492:doi
1425:doi
1384:doi
1338:doi
1278:PMC
1270:doi
1166:PMC
1158:doi
1112:doi
961:doi
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886:doi
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786:or
487:in
475:to
296:in
294:Hay
179:RNA
175:RRV
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