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achievement. We initially evaluated 15 boxes full of credit card statements, receipts in Robert's name and other useful evidence, which supported Robert's presence in all of the 29 countries within the time specified. We then moved on to establish whether Robert had actually been running and started to look through an astronomical number of pictures and newspaper cuttings from different parts of Robert's route. We also reviewed over 300 time-coded tapes featuring Robert running at different locations during his journey. We could finally double check the route followed through statements from several witnesses, and passports stamps and visas...
40:
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429:, Clément Surtel, Gwénolé Gahinet, Sébastien Audigane and Bernard Stamm. On 26 January, 2017, this crew finished circumnavigating the globe in 40 days, 23 hours, 30 minutes and 30 seconds. The absolute speed sailing record around the world followed the North Atlantic Ocean, Equator, South Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, Equator, North Atlantic Ocean route in an easterly direction.
837:
934:
1142:, Clément Surtel, Gwénolé Gahinet, Sébastien Audigane and Bernard Stamm completes the fastest circumnavigation of the globe ever; in 40 days, 23 hours, 30 minutes and 30 seconds. The voyage followed the North Atlantic Ocean, Equator, South Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, Equator, North Atlantic Ocean route in an easterly direction.
492:, a round-the-world route approximating a great circle would be quite impractical, particularly in a non-stop race where use of the Panama and Suez Canals would be impossible. Yacht racing therefore defines a world circumnavigation to be a passage of at least 21,600 nautical miles (40,000 km) in length which crosses the
520:, there is a rule saying that the length must be at least 21,600 nautical miles calculated along the shortest possible track from the starting port and back that does not cross land and does not go below 63°S. It is allowed to have one single waypoint to lengthen the calculated track. The equator must be crossed.
2481:
Although Robert's record attempt finished in 2003, it has taken 5 years to collate and confirm the record evidence We are very cautious to accept records like this because they are difficult to certify, however Robert has provided us with full evidence which enabled us to authenticate his amazing
689:
In ballooning, which is at the mercy of the winds, the requirements are even more relaxed. The course must cross all meridians, and must include a set of checkpoints which are all outside of two circles, chosen by the pilot, having radii of 3,335.85 kilometres (2,072.80 mi) and enclosing the
504:
round-the-world race in red; overlaid in yellow are the points antipodal to all points on the route. It can be seen that the route does not pass through any pairs of antipodal points. Since the winds in the higher southern latitudes predominantly blow west-to-east it can be seen that there are an
409:, became possible in the 19th century, and the two World Wars moved vast numbers of troops around the planet. However, it was the rise of commercial aviation in the late 20th century that made circumnavigation, when compared to the Magellan–Elcano expedition, quicker and safer.
527:
on the maxi-multihull sailing yacht MACIF and completed on 7 December 2017. The voyage followed the North
Atlantic Ocean, Equator, South Atlantic Ocean, Southern Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean, Equator, North Atlantic Ocean route in an easterly direction.
670:, which circulate in the northern and southern hemispheres without crossing the equator. There is therefore no requirement to cross the equator, or to pass through two antipodal points, in the course of setting a round-the-world aviation record.
673:
For powered aviation, the course of a round-the-world record must start and finish at the same point and cross all meridians; the course must be at least 36,770 kilometres (19,850 nmi) long (which is approximately the length of the
561:. From there ships usually make their way to Hawaii, the islands of the South Pacific, Australia, New Zealand, then northward to Hong Kong, South East Asia, and India. At that point, again, routes may vary: one way is through the
105:
in the late 20th century, circumnavigating Earth is straightforward, usually taking days instead of years. Today, the challenge of circumnavigating Earth has shifted towards human and technological endurance, speed, and
257:, north along Africa's Atlantic coasts, and back to Spain in 1522. Of the 270 crew members who set out from Seville, only 18 were still with the expedition at the end including its surviving captain, the Spaniard
788:, foot and bicycle from 10 July 2007 to 21 July 2012, crossing the equator twice, passing over 12 antipodal points, and logging 66,299 kilometres (41,196 mi) in 1,026 days of travel time, excluding breaks.
1326:
1189:
of the U.S. Air Force, commanded by
Captain James Gallagher, became the first aeroplane to circle the world non-stop (by refueling the plane in flight). Total time airborne was 94 hours and one minute.
798:
as being the first to complete a human-powered global circumnavigation in 2006. However, his journey did not cross the equator or hit the minimum of two antipodal points as stipulated by the rules of
1022:
commanded the first ship to circumnavigate the World starting from
Australia, between 2 September 1788 and 8 May 1789, with one stop in Cape Town to load supplies for the colony of New South Wales.
310:
that were similarly defeated, and finally surrendered to the
Portuguese. In this way, a handful of survivors became the second group of circumnavigators when they were transported under guard to
1988:
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592:
which was completed on 27 June 2008. The voyage followed the North
Atlantic Ocean, Panama Canal, Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean, Suez Canal, Mediterranean Sea route in a westerly direction.
813:
on the ice, and around 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi) of roadless swamped or freezing cold areas in Alaska and eastern Russia. No one has so far travelled all of this route by foot.
172:
to each other. In practice, people use different definitions of world circumnavigation to accommodate practical constraints, depending on the method of travel. Since the planet is
714:
spaceship within 2 hours on April 12 1961. The flight started at 63° E, 45 N and ended at 45° E 51° N; thus
Gagarin did not circumnavigate Earth completely.
355:. Drake completed the second complete circumnavigation of the world in a single vessel on September 1580, becoming the first commander to survive the entire circumnavigation.
817:
was the first person that
Guinness verified to have walked around the world between 20 June 1970 and 5 October 1974, by " 23,250 km (14,450 miles) through four continents".
477:
sailors, going in the western direction; the use of the trade winds makes it a relatively easy sail, although it passes through a number of zones of calms or light winds.
1276:, set the current record for fastest aerial circumnavigation (first non-stop, non-refueled solo circumnavigation in an airplane) in 67 hours, covering 37,000 kilometers.
1856:
1563:
2049:
1257:
balloon gondola, became the first person to fly around the world alone, nonstop in any kind of aircraft. Fossett's sole source of aid was a control center in
365:
between 1586 and 1588 in record time—in two years and 49 days, nine months faster than Drake. It was also the first deliberately planned voyage of the globe.
176:, a trip from one Pole to the other, and back again on the other side, would technically be a circumnavigation. There are practical difficulties (namely, the
164:
on the surface of Earth separating two regions of comparable area. A basic definition of a global circumnavigation would be a route which covers roughly a
1467:
976:
203:
1984:
2414:
805:
People have both bicycled and run around the world, but the oceans have had to be covered by air or sea travel, making the distance shorter than the
2365:
586:
The current circumnavigation record in a powered boat of 60 days 23 hours and 49 minutes was established by a voyage of the wave-piercing trimaran
1315:
and his twin-engine aircraft "Citizen of the World" became the first pilot and plane to successfully use biofuels over the North and South poles.
2076:
362:
343:
mid-voyage. In
September 1578, the ship passed south of Tierra del Fuego, the southern tip of South America, through the area now known as the
2311:
2287:
2262:
2237:
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and Hans von Aachen, who was also one of the 18 survivors of
Magellan's expedition, making him the first to circumnavigate the world twice.
2459:
2590:
1731:"ISAF/World Sailing Speed Record Rules for individually attempted Passage Records or Performances Offshore, sec. 26.1.a, Record Courses"
330:
1756:
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1262:
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completed the first human-powered circumnavigation of the globe on 6 October 2007. This was part of a thirteen-year journey entitled
469:
canals; overlaid in yellow are the points antipodal to all points on the route. It can be seen that the route roughly approximates a
2205:
1836:
1657:
1612:
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carried out the second circumnavigation of the world in a single expedition (and on a single independent voyage), from 1577 to 1580.
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in the next decade; similarly ruined and starved, they were imprisoned by the
Portuguese and transported back to Lisbon in 1546.
2020:
545:, thousands of people have completed circumnavigations of the globe at a more leisurely pace. Typically, these voyages begin in
1432:
901:
517:
505:
easier route (west-to-east) and a harder route (east-to-west) when circumnavigating by sail; this difficulty is magnified for
1165:
873:
858:
601:
245:
in the Philippines in 1521. The remaining sailors decided to circumnavigate the world instead of making the return voyage—no
1945:
809:
guidelines. To go from North America to Asia on foot is theoretically possible but very difficult. It involves crossing the
82:
1885:
1811:
333:
against the Spanish along the Pacific coast of the Americas. Drake set out from Plymouth, England in November 1577, aboard
1967:
1169:
387:
376:
1312:
880:
616:-sponsored round-the-world flight. The first aerial circumnavigation of the planet was flown in 1924 by aviators of the
86:
2169:
997:
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2388:
1523:
1273:
791:
553:, and proceed westward. Routes vary, either travelling through the Caribbean and then into the Pacific Ocean via the
2553:
2045:
1196:
1152:
639:
2564:
1852:
887:
847:
281:
160:, but this is not generally considered a "circumnavigation". The path of a true (global) circumnavigation forms a
2585:
1438:
1186:
1146:
1036:
826:
632:
523:
The solo wind powered circumnavigation record of 42 days, 16 hours, 40 minutes and 35 seconds was established by
417:
The nautical global and fastest circumnavigation record is currently held by a wind-powered vessel, the trimaran
107:
2340:
1308:
In 2020, One More Orbit completed the fastest circumnavigation via both geographic poles in a Gulfstream G650ER.
371:
is recognized as the first woman to have completed a voyage of circumnavigation of the globe, which she did via
1377:
766:
736:
1475:
1094:
became the youngest recognized person to complete an unassisted, non-stop, circumnavigation, at the age of 18.
984:
273:
258:
869:
1193:
629:
1757:"ISAF/World Sailing Speed Record Rules for individually attempted Passage Records or Performances Offshore"
1369:
1295:
1233:
1115:
1109:
958:
953:
795:
761:
322:
299:
291:
265:
31:
1903:
724:
was the first human to fully circumnavigate Earth in spaceflight and made 17.5 orbits on August 6, 1961.
1443:
1380:
completed the first human-powered circumnavigation of the globe (including human-powered sea crossings).
1200:
1173:
1069:
1051:
621:
617:
573:
484:
The route of a typical yacht racing circumnavigation is shown in red; its antipodes are shown in yellow.
315:
246:
39:
1001:
250:
1155:
ship became the first sub-24m motor-powered vessel to circumnavigate the globe via the southern capes.
732:
638:
Since the development of commercial aviation, there are regular routes that circle the globe, such as
1098:
657:
497:
269:
157:
1925:
1502:
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from 1769 to 1779. He was among the first to complete west–east circumnavigation in high latitudes.
2595:
1853:"FAI Sporting Code Section 2: Powered Aerodynes: Speed around the world non-stop and non-refuelled"
1291:
1242:
1125:
became the youngest person to circumnavigate the globe single-handed, with stops, at the age of 16.
1084:
1077:
707:
580:
474:
181:
102:
63:
1237:
980:
540:
372:
307:
238:
223:
207:
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became the youngest person to solo circumnavigate by air at age 19 years, 7 months, and 15 days.
524:
2019:. Around-n-Over (PDF file linked from "around-n-over.org/media/mediakit.htm"). 22 August 2012.
1040:, commanded by Juan Bautista Antequera y Bobadilla, completed the first circumnavigation by an
666:
Aviation records take account of the wind circulation patterns of the world; in particular the
509:
vessels due to the square rig's dramatic lack of upwind ability when compared to a more modern
500:
and finishes in the same port as it starts. The second map on the right shows the route of the
264:
The next to circumnavigate the globe were the survivors of the Castilian/Spanish expedition of
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2307:
2283:
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2201:
1961:
1832:
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1608:
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894:
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235:
226:. It then continued across the Pacific, discovering a number of islands on its way (including
71:
694:'s global circumnavigation by balloon was entirely contained within the southern hemisphere.
1760:
1409:
1329:
made the first "land circumnavigation", crossing Canada and Siberia and returning to London.
1287:
1229:
972:
683:
675:
406:
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became the first navigator to record three circumnavigations through the Pacific aboard the
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1815:
1403:
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988:
939:
643:
609:
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348:
185:
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2098:
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Flight One). Today planning such a trip through commercial flight connections is simple.
501:
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2147:
1734:
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biplanes. The first non-stop aerial circumnavigation of the planet was flown in 1949 by
480:
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1624:
1350:
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770:
740:
211:
90:
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and then up the west coast of Africa. These cruises end in the port where they began.
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2013:
1985:"Guinness World Records – First solo circumnavigation of the globe using human power"
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1384:
1300:
1269:
1250:
1222:
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1135:
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1007:
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691:
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473:, and passes through two pairs of antipodal points. This is a route followed by many
422:
344:
326:
303:
94:
2120:
1468:"Kiwi airline exec breaks record for world circumnavigation on commercial airlines"
1423:
1218:
1172:, 175 days, covering 44,360 kilometres (27,560 mi), with examples of the
1122:
1091:
1013:
744:
703:
554:
489:
470:
466:
446:
368:
165:
98:
2495:"The first fully authenticated run around the world record has just been accepted"
2474:"The first fully-authenticated run around the world record has just been accepted"
1518:
184:) in such a voyage, although it was successfully undertaken in the early 1980s by
2195:
1782:
1889:
1807:
1207:
836:
814:
550:
537:
510:
335:
231:
17:
1399:
1214:
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became the first person to complete a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation.
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became the first person to single-handedly circumnavigate the globe along the
1058:
667:
562:
506:
462:
458:
442:
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347:. In June 1579, Drake landed somewhere north of Spain's northernmost claim in
119:
51:
2327:
An Historical Journal of the Transactions at Port Jackson and Norfolk Island
785:
751:, shortly before completing the first human-powered circumnavigation of the
605:
588:
558:
453:
The map on the right shows, in red, a typical, non-competitive, route for a
295:
219:
169:
59:
314:
in 1536. A third group came from the 117 survivors of the similarly failed
43:
The Magellan-Elcano expedition was the first circumnavigation of the Earth.
1016:
is the first woman to complete a voyage of circumnavigation, in 1766–1769.
1041:
721:
711:
650:
173:
168:, and in particular one which passes through at least one pair of points
1674:"The WSSR Council announces the establishment of a new World Recordwork"
933:
1886:"FAI Sporting Code Section 1: Aerostats: Around-the-World Records"
1860:
861: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
678:). The course must include set control points at latitudes outside the
493:
454:
215:
2341:"PlanetSolar completes first solar-powered boat trip around the globe"
1605:
Sir Francis Drake's Voyage Around the World: Its Aims and Achievements
1339:
are credited with the first north–south circumnavigation of the Earth.
284:—survived to complete the voyage. The last of the original ships, the
2440:"Flight crew breaks record for circumnavigating globe via both poles"
1783:"François Gabart: French sailor slashes around the world solo record"
1130:
748:
418:
311:
242:
67:
55:
2230:
Magellan's Voyage: A Narrative Account of the First Circumnavigation
979:
of August 1519 to 8 September 1522, started by Portuguese navigator
405:
For the wealthy, long voyages around the world, such as was done by
2366:"Iain Macneil and converted lifeboat MV Astra set new world record"
987:
after Magellan's death, was the first global circumnavigation (see
653:
aircraft of any type to circumnavigate under its own power was the
1564:"1982: First Surface Circumnavigation via both Geographical Poles"
1031:
completed the first circumnavigation by a steam ship in 1845–1847.
932:
752:
479:
436:
133:
75:
1105:
became the first Coast Guard vessel to circumnavigate the globe.
441:
The route of a typical modern sailing circumnavigation, via the
227:
268:
between 1525 and 1536. None of the seven original ships of the
2525:
Round About the Earth: Circumnavigation from Magellan to Orbit
2444:
1948:. AdventureStats. Archived from the original on 1 October 2018
830:
218:, crossed the Atlantic Ocean, and—after several stops—rounded
156:
A person walking completely around either pole will cross all
30:"Round the world" redirects here. For the airline ticket, see
1221:
made the first non-refueled circumnavigation in an airplane (
690:
poles (though not necessarily centred on them). For example,
2571:
Route of the first circumnavigation in Google Maps and Earth
2570:
1353:
completed the first recognized run around the world, taking
1919:
1917:
298:) by the Portuguese. Unable to press forward or retreat,
253:—and continued the voyage across the Indian Ocean, round
1203:
in 45 hours and 19 minutes, with two in-air refuelings.
784:
human-powered circumnavigation, travelling by rowboat,
2460:"Fastest circumnavigation via both Poles by aeroplane"
2389:"Sailor Iain Macneil's epic global voyage sets record"
2048:. Outside Magazine (online edition). 1 February 2013.
2197:
Basque Diaspora: Migration And Transnational Identity
1633:(in Spanish). Santiago: Andrés Bello. pp. 67–68.
1474:. New Zealand Media and Entertainment. Archived from
2228:
Pigafetta, Antonio; Skelton, Raleigh Ashlin (1994).
579:circumnavigated the globe in 60 days, 21 hours for
449:
is shown in red; its antipodes are shown in yellow.
74:). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of
1645:
2415:"Teen makes youngest round-the-world solo flight"
2255:Drake: The Life and Legend of an Elizabethan Hero
1940:
1938:
1210:was the first woman to fly solo around the world.
1068:In 1960, the U.S. Navy nuclear-powered submarine
89:in 1519 and returned in 1522, after crossing the
1652:(3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster.
572:In 1960, the American nuclear-powered submarine
565:and into the Mediterranean; the other is around
196:The first circumnavigation was that of the ship
81:The first circumnavigation of the Earth was the
943:, the first vessel to circumnavigate the planet
375:. A key part of her journey was as a member of
1946:"Global HPC – Human Powered Circumnavigations"
706:, also became the first person to complete an
536:Since the advent of world cruises in 1922, by
2075:. National Geographic Society. Archived from
1831:. London: Putnam Publishing. pp. 87–89.
421:. The record was established by six sailors:
285:
214:) voyage of discovery. The voyage started in
8:
2280:Monsieur Baret: First Woman Around the World
2073:"Adventurers of the Year: The New Magellans"
1558:
1556:
1391:human-powered circumnavigation of the globe.
1367:years; the run was authenticated in 2007 by
1201:first non-stop jet-aircraft circumnavigation
2200:. University of Nevada Press. p. 132.
1000:'s Spanish expedition 1525–1536, including
197:
983:and completed by Spanish Basque navigator
776:In 2012, Turkish-born American adventurer
2479:(Press release). Guinness World Records.
2144:"Colin Angus version of circumnavigation"
2099:"Jason Lewis version of circumnavigation"
1924:Guinness World Records (6 October 2007).
1678:World Sailing Speed Record Council (WSSR)
921:Learn how and when to remove this message
2121:"Erden Eruc version of circumnavigation"
1987:. Guinness World Records. 21 July 2012.
1593:. Alexandria, Virginia: Time-Life Books.
981:FernĂŁo de MagalhĂŁes (Ferdinand Magellan)
946:
731:
202:between 1519 and 1522, now known as the
38:
2500:(Press release). Guinness World records
2368:. Motorboat & Yachting. 16 May 2022
1979:
1977:
1455:
1225:), in 9 days, 3 minutes and 44 seconds.
2101:. Expedition360.com. 28 September 1924
2014:"Media Kit – Project Summary Document"
2008:
2006:
1959:
1904:"NASA – NSSDCA – Spacecraft – Details"
1857:Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
1759:. Sailspeedrecords.com. Archived from
1733:. Sailspeedrecords.com. Archived from
1541:. Expedition360.com. 28 September 1924
612:made an unsuccessful attempt to fly a
234:. The voyage was initially led by the
2146:. Angusadventures.com. Archived from
2026:from the original on 14 February 2016
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1461:
1459:
457:circumnavigation of the world by the
7:
2194:TotoricagĂĽena, Gloria Pilar (2005).
859:adding citations to reliable sources
802:and AdventureStats by Explorersweb.
27:Complete navigation around the Earth
2413:Penberthy, Natsumi (17 July 2014).
2170:"First circumnavigation by walking"
1630:Historia del Estrecho de Magallanes
1607:, Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2006,
937:A replica of Magellan and Elcano's
272:nor its first four leaders—LoaĂsa,
2052:from the original on 11 April 2014
1991:from the original on 19 March 2016
1539:"Definition of a Circumnavigation"
1263:Washington University in St. Louis
702:The first person to fly in space,
132:, from the past participle of the
25:
1926:"Human Powered Circumnavigations"
1466:Howie, Cherie (27 January 2018).
1373:after five years of verification.
1298:circumnavigation of the world in
759:According to adjudicating bodies
743:pedalling his boat Moksha on the
222:, where the expedition named the
220:the southern tip of South America
2559:
2548:
2257:. New York: Thomas Dunne Books.
2046:"Around the World in 1,026 Days"
1496:
1416:
1402:
835:
518:around the world sailing records
306:, received reinforcements under
1433:Around the World in Eighty Days
846:needs additional citations for
247:passage east across the Pacific
128:is a noun formed from the verb
2339:Webster, Andrew (4 May 2012).
2329:, John Stockdale, London, 1793
2232:. Courier Dover Publications.
1859:. January 2016. Archived from
1236:, achieved the first non-stop
1166:United States Army Air Service
1097:In 2001, the U.S. Coast Guard
1054:circumnavigation in 1895–1898.
602:Norman Macmillan (RAF officer)
1:
2304:The Discovery of Jeanne Baret
2142:Wafaei, Julie; Angus, Colin.
1591:The Seafarers – The Explorers
1501:The dictionary definition of
1387:completed the first entirely
1170:first aerial circumnavigation
780:completed the first entirely
377:Louis Antoine de Bougainville
2567:travel guide from Wikivoyage
2556:travel guide from Wikivoyage
2306:, Crown Publisher New York,
1197:Boeing B-52 Stratofortresses
1118:to circumnavigate the globe.
961:to circumnavigate the globe.
87:Sanlucar de Barrameda, Spain
1524:Online Etymology Dictionary
1274:Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer
379:'s expedition on the ships
255:the southern cape of Africa
120:Navigation § Etymology
2612:
2591:16th-century introductions
1829:Fairey Aircraft since 1915
1153:Swedish Sea Rescue Society
1078:submerged circumnavigation
977:Magellan-Elcano expedition
824:
290:, was sunk in 1526 in the
287:Santa MarĂa de la Victoria
230:), before arriving in the
204:Magellan–Elcano expedition
117:
101:oceans. Since the rise of
29:
2523:Joyce E. Chaplin (2013).
1966:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1888:. Fai.org. Archived from
1648:The Timetables of History
1439:List of circumnavigations
1187:Boeing B-50 Superfortress
827:List of circumnavigations
821:Notable circumnavigations
633:Boeing B-50 Superfortress
108:less conventional methods
2554:Round the world overland
2527:. Simon & Schuster.
1589:Humble, Richard (1978).
951:In 2012, the Swiss boat
663:, which did so in 1929.
2565:Round the world flights
2302:Ridley, Glynis (2010),
2253:Coote, Stephen (2003).
1208:Geraldine "Jerrie" Mock
1194:United States Air Force
630:United States Air Force
2278:Dunmore, John (2002),
2174:Guinness World Records
2071:Duane, Daniel (2007).
1827:Taylor, H. A. (1974).
1814:14 August 2017 at the
1710:www.solarnavigator.net
1644:Grun, Bernard (1991).
1568:Guinness World Records
1370:Guinness World Records
1296:solar-powered aircraft
1253:, after flying on the
1116:solar electric vehicle
1114:became the first ever
998:GarcĂa Jofre de LoaĂsa
962:
959:solar electric vehicle
944:
800:Guinness World Records
762:Guinness World Records
756:
642:Flight One (and later
485:
450:
286:
266:GarcĂa Jofre de LoaĂsa
198:
44:
32:Round-the-world ticket
2419:Australian Geographic
1892:on 27 September 2011.
1444:Transglobe Expedition
1174:Douglas World Cruiser
985:Juan Sebastián Elcano
950:
936:
735:
622:Douglas World Cruiser
618:U.S. Army Air Service
483:
440:
316:Villalobos Expedition
259:Juan Sebastián Elcano
241:but he was killed on
118:Further information:
42:
1810:uimpowerboating.com
1504:circumnavigare#Latin
1294:completed the first
1240:circumnavigation in
1050:completed the first
1034:The Spanish frigate
855:improve this article
532:Mechanically powered
363:his circumnavigation
300:Hernando de la Torre
249:would be successful
85:, which sailed from
2123:. Around-n-over.org
1908:nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov
1866:on 11 February 2016
1706:"Circumnavigations"
1376:On 6 October 2007,
1243:Breitling Orbiter 3
1085:Robin Knox-Johnston
792:National Geographic
708:orbital spaceflight
581:Operation Sandblast
339:, which he renamed
331:start an expedition
182:Antarctic ice sheet
103:commercial aviation
83:Magellan Expedition
2282:, Heritage Press,
2150:on 20 January 2013
1789:. 17 December 2017
1603:Wagner, Henry R.,
1472:New Zealand Herald
1313:Robert DeLaurentis
1128:In 2017, trimaran
1002:Andrés de Urdaneta
963:
945:
870:"Circumnavigation"
765:and Explorersweb,
757:
486:
451:
373:maritime transport
308:Alvaro de Saavedra
302:erected a fort on
239:Ferdinand Magellan
224:Strait of Magellan
45:
2313:978-0-307-46352-4
2289:978-0-908708-54-3
2264:978-0-312-34165-7
2239:978-0-486-28099-8
1517:Harper, Douglas.
1383:On 21 July 2012,
1349:On 13 June 2003,
1325:In 1841–1842 Sir
1255:Spirit of Freedom
996:The survivors of
957:became the first
931:
930:
923:
905:
567:Cape of Good Hope
270:LoaĂsa expedition
64:astronomical body
54:around an entire
16:(Redirected from
2603:
2586:Circumnavigation
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1575:
1570:. 18 August 2015
1560:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1519:"circumnavigate"
1514:
1508:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1463:
1426:
1421:
1420:
1412:
1410:Transport portal
1407:
1406:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1292:André Borschberg
1288:Bertrand Piccard
1230:Bertrand Piccard
1103: (WHEC-720)
1074: (SSRN-586)
926:
919:
915:
912:
906:
904:
863:
839:
831:
676:Tropic of Cancer
651:lighter-than-air
620:in a quartet of
496:, crosses every
407:Ulysses S. Grant
359:Thomas Cavendish
289:
251:for four decades
201:
126:circumnavigation
50:is the complete
48:Circumnavigation
21:
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2606:
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2519:
2517:Further reading
2514:
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2501:
2497:
2493:
2492:
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2476:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2462:. 11 July 2019.
2458:
2457:
2453:
2448:. 11 July 2019.
2438:
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2433:
2423:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2397:
2395:
2387:Merritt, Mike.
2386:
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2016:
2012:
2011:
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1994:
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1982:
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1821:
1816:Wayback Machine
1806:
1802:
1792:
1790:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1766:
1764:
1763:on 17 July 2012
1755:
1754:
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1740:
1738:
1737:on 17 July 2012
1729:
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1704:
1703:
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1625:Martinic, Mateo
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1479:
1478:on 17 June 2019
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1398:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1346:
1333:Ranulph Fiennes
1322:
1281:Matt Guthmiller
1192:In 1957, three
1162:
1063:Roaring Forties
968:
927:
916:
910:
907:
864:
862:
852:
840:
829:
823:
730:
700:
644:United Airlines
610:Geoffrey Malins
598:
534:
525:François Gabart
435:
415:
349:Alta California
194:
186:Ranulph Fiennes
178:Arctic ice pack
174:quasispheroidal
162:continuous loop
154:
122:
116:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Round-the-world
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2607:
2599:
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2544:
2543:External links
2541:
2540:
2539:
2534:978-1416596202
2533:
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2379:
2357:
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2325:Hunter, John,
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2112:
2090:
2079:on 4 July 2012
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1351:Robert Garside
1345:
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1330:
1327:George Simpson
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1259:Brookings Hall
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1158:
1157:
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1134:with sailors:
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1095:
1088:
1081:
1076:completed the
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1032:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1005:
994:
967:
964:
929:
928:
843:
841:
834:
825:Main article:
822:
819:
771:Expedition 360
741:Expedition 360
729:
726:
699:
696:
597:
594:
533:
530:
434:
431:
414:
411:
391:in 1766–1769.
193:
190:
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138:circumnavigare
130:circumnavigate
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2015:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1990:
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1980:
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1969:
1963:
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1935:
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1659:0-671-74919-6
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1613:1-4286-2255-1
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1513:
1510:
1507:at Wiktionary
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1304:
1302:
1301:Solar Impulse
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1282:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1270:Steve Fossett
1267:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1251:Steve Fossett
1248:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1223:Rutan Voyager
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1182:Lucky Lady II
1179:In 1949, the
1178:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1145:In 2022, the
1144:
1141:
1137:
1136:Francis Joyon
1133:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1052:single-handed
1049:
1048:Joshua Slocum
1046:
1044:in 1865–1867.
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:Francis Drake
1006:
1003:
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991:
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922:
914:
903:
900:
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893:
889:
886:
882:
879:
875:
872: –
871:
867:
866:Find sources:
860:
856:
850:
849:
844:This section
842:
838:
833:
832:
828:
820:
818:
816:
812:
811:Bering Strait
808:
803:
801:
797:
793:
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783:
779:
774:
772:
768:
764:
763:
754:
750:
746:
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738:
734:
728:Human-powered
727:
725:
723:
719:
718:Gherman Titov
715:
713:
709:
705:
697:
695:
693:
692:Steve Fossett
687:
685:
681:
677:
671:
669:
664:
662:
661:
660:Graf Zeppelin
656:
655:rigid airship
652:
647:
645:
641:
636:
634:
631:
627:
626:Lucky Lady II
623:
619:
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607:
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595:
593:
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577:
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552:
548:
547:New York City
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432:
430:
428:
424:
423:Francis Joyon
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351:, presumably
350:
346:
345:Drake Passage
342:
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327:Francis Drake
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2504:29 September
2502:. Retrieved
2489:
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2454:
2443:
2434:
2422:. Retrieved
2418:
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2396:. Retrieved
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2370:. Retrieved
2360:
2348:. Retrieved
2344:
2334:
2321:
2303:
2297:
2279:
2273:
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2248:
2229:
2223:
2211:. Retrieved
2196:
2189:
2177:. Retrieved
2173:
2164:
2152:. Retrieved
2148:the original
2137:
2125:. Retrieved
2115:
2103:. Retrieved
2093:
2081:. Retrieved
2077:the original
2066:
2054:. Retrieved
2040:
2028:. Retrieved
1993:. Retrieved
1950:. Retrieved
1907:
1898:
1890:the original
1880:
1868:. Retrieved
1861:the original
1847:
1828:
1822:
1803:
1791:. Retrieved
1786:
1777:
1765:. Retrieved
1761:the original
1751:
1739:. Retrieved
1735:the original
1725:
1713:. Retrieved
1709:
1681:. Retrieved
1677:
1668:
1647:
1639:
1629:
1619:
1604:
1599:
1590:
1584:
1572:. Retrieved
1567:
1543:. Retrieved
1533:
1522:
1512:
1503:
1492:
1480:. Retrieved
1476:the original
1471:
1431:
1424:World portal
1388:
1368:
1299:
1254:
1241:
1219:Jeana Yeager
1180:
1147:
1129:
1123:Laura Dekker
1110:
1100:
1092:Jesse Martin
1071:
1035:
1027:
1014:Jeanne Baret
989:
975:('Spanish')
952:
940:Nao Victoria
938:
917:
908:
898:
891:
884:
877:
865:
853:Please help
848:verification
845:
806:
804:
799:
790:
781:
775:
760:
758:
745:River Thames
716:
704:Yuri Gagarin
701:
698:Astronautics
688:
672:
665:
659:
648:
640:Pan American
637:
613:
599:
587:
585:
575:
571:
557:, or around
555:Panama Canal
541:
535:
522:
515:
502:Vendée Globe
490:yacht racing
487:
471:great circle
452:
447:Panama Canal
433:Wind powered
416:
404:
399:
393:
386:
380:
369:Jeanne Baret
367:
357:
340:
334:
320:
263:
195:
166:great circle
155:
145:
141:
137:
129:
125:
123:
80:
47:
46:
36:
2424:8 September
2350:18 December
2056:11 November
2030:11 November
1793:13 February
1378:Jason Lewis
1272:, flying a
1234:Brian Jones
1151:, a former
1111:PlanetSolar
1099:USCGC
1020:John Hunter
954:PlanetSolar
815:David Kunst
796:Colin Angus
767:Jason Lewis
737:Jason Lewis
668:jet streams
551:Southampton
511:Bermuda rig
459:trade winds
382:La Boudeuse
341:Golden Hind
323:Elizabeth I
292:East Indies
232:Philippines
206:. It was a
148:"to sail".
144:"around" +
2596:Navigation
2580:Categories
2179:12 January
1995:16 January
1715:28 January
1683:7 February
1574:28 January
1450:References
1385:Erden Eruç
1215:Dick Rutan
1140:Alex Pella
1059:Vito Dumas
881:newspapers
778:Erden Eruç
649:The first
614:Daily News
563:Suez Canal
507:square-rig
443:Suez Canal
427:Alex Pella
396:James Cook
361:completed
353:Drakes Bay
236:Portuguese
152:Definition
52:navigation
2393:The Times
2345:The Verge
1311:In 2020,
1286:In 2016,
1279:In 2014,
1268:In 2005,
1249:In 2002,
1228:In 1999,
1213:In 1986,
1206:In 1964,
1199:made the
1121:In 2012,
1108:In 2012,
1090:In 1999,
1083:In 1969,
1070:USS
1057:In 1942,
1026:HMS
973:Castilian
786:sea kayak
686:circles.
684:Antarctic
606:W T Blake
589:Earthrace
559:Cape Horn
400:Endeavour
321:In 1577,
296:Indonesia
208:Castilian
170:antipodal
158:meridians
124:The word
114:Etymology
60:continent
2050:Archived
2021:Archived
1989:Archived
1962:cite web
1812:Archived
1787:BBC News
1627:(1977).
1396:See also
1176:biplane.
1168:, 1924,
1160:Aviation
1148:MV Astra
1042:ironclad
1037:Numancia
990:Victoria
966:Maritime
911:May 2017
807:Guinness
722:Vostok 2
712:Vostok 1
604:, Major
600:In 1922
596:Aviation
538:Cunard's
498:meridian
475:cruising
461:and the
445:and the
413:Nautical
394:Captain
199:Victoria
180:and the
146:navigare
91:Atlantic
66:(e.g. a
2213:8 March
1870:2 April
1808:Records
1482:17 June
1362:⁄
1238:balloon
1101:Sherman
895:scholar
720:in the
710:in the
658:LZ 127
542:Laconia
494:equator
455:sailing
336:Pelican
282:Íñiguez
278:Salazar
216:Seville
212:Spanish
192:History
140:, from
95:Pacific
2531:
2398:19 May
2372:17 May
2310:
2286:
2261:
2236:
2204:
2154:2 July
2127:2 July
2105:2 July
2083:2 July
1952:2 July
1835:
1767:2 July
1741:2 July
1656:
1611:
1545:2 July
1131:IDEC 3
1072:Triton
1028:Driver
897:
890:
883:
876:
868:
794:lists
755:(2007)
749:London
680:Arctic
576:Triton
467:Panama
419:IDEC 3
388:Étoile
312:Lisbon
304:Tidore
280:, and
274:Elcano
243:Mactan
142:circum
99:Indian
97:, and
68:planet
56:island
2498:(PDF)
2477:(PDF)
2024:(PDF)
2017:(PDF)
1929:(PDF)
1864:(PDF)
1344:Human
902:JSTOR
888:books
753:Earth
325:sent
294:(now
136:verb
134:Latin
76:Earth
62:, or
2529:ISBN
2506:2009
2426:2020
2400:2022
2374:2022
2352:2020
2308:ISBN
2284:ISBN
2259:ISBN
2234:ISBN
2215:2013
2202:ISBN
2181:2020
2156:2012
2129:2012
2107:2012
2085:2012
2058:2016
2032:2016
1997:2016
1968:link
1954:2012
1872:2017
1833:ISBN
1795:2021
1769:2012
1743:2012
1717:2021
1685:2017
1654:ISBN
1609:ISBN
1576:2021
1547:2012
1484:2019
1389:solo
1335:and
1320:Land
1290:and
1232:and
1217:and
1185:, a
971:The
874:news
782:solo
682:and
628:, a
608:and
574:USS
516:For
465:and
463:Suez
385:and
228:Guam
72:moon
2445:CNN
1261:of
857:by
747:in
739:of
549:or
488:In
329:to
261:.
70:or
2582::
2442:.
2417:.
2391:.
2343:.
2172:.
2005:^
1976:^
1964:}}
1960:{{
1937:^
1916:^
1906:.
1855:.
1785:.
1708:.
1693:^
1676:.
1566:.
1555:^
1521:.
1470:.
1458:^
1138:,
993:).
773:.
635:.
583:.
513:.
425:,
276:,
188:.
110:.
93:,
78:.
58:,
2537:.
2508:.
2428:.
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2376:.
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2242:.
2217:.
2183:.
2158:.
2131:.
2109:.
2087:.
2060:.
2034:.
1999:.
1970:)
1956:.
1931:.
1910:.
1874:.
1841:.
1797:.
1771:.
1745:.
1719:.
1687:.
1662:.
1578:.
1549:.
1527:.
1486:.
1364:2
1360:1
1357:+
1355:5
1305:.
1303:2
1265:.
1246:.
1080:.
1065:.
924:)
918:(
913:)
909:(
899:·
892:·
885:·
878:·
851:.
210:(
34:.
20:)
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