422:
408:
328:
The report also criticised the government's "obliviousness to, or worse a callous disregard, of the fact that many welfare recipients had neither the means nor the ability to negotiate an online system" to provide evidence of years old income information in disputing debts. It described the scheme as
353:
The report contains a "sealed" section which was not publicly released, which "recommends the referral of individuals for civil action or criminal prosecution". This section was sealed so as not to prejudice any civil or criminal proceedings that may arise. Several individuals were referred to four
295:
The Royal
Commissioner was initially required to provide a final report by 18 April 2023, however in February 2023, the reporting date was extended to 30 June 2023. It was then extended for a second time with the new due date being 7 July 2023, to allow the commission to make referrals to the newly
274:
in the summons; require witnesses to take an oath or give an affirmation; and require a person to deliver documents to the
Commission at a specified place and time. A person served with a summons or a notice to produce documents must comply with that requirement, or face prosecution for an offence.
312:
The report concluded that the robodebt scheme was "devised without regard to the social security law", and that the use of income averaging in estimating entitlements "was essentially unfair, treating many people as though they had received income at a time when they had not". It found that public
1746:
340:
Holmes' preface to the report summarises the 57 recommendations: "Some are directed at strengthening the public service more broadly, some to improving the processes of the
Department of Social Services and Services Australia. Others are concerned with reinforcing the capability of oversight
2208:
1880:
2220:
308:
The final report was released on 7 July 2023. It was three volumes and almost 1,000 pages long, and contained 57 recommendations for improved public policy design and a sealed section recommending the referral of individuals for civil and criminal prosecution.
2202:
165:
into the
Robodebt scheme recommended a Royal Commission, "to completely understand how the failures of the Income Compliance Program came to pass, and why they were allowed to continue for so long despite the dire impacts on people issued with debts".
1972:
373:
In August 2023, the
Australian Public Service Commissioner announced that the Royal Commission had referred 16 bureaucrats for investigation of whether their Robodebt actions had breached the public service Code of Conduct.
1266:
1581:
upon the loyalty to the
British Crown of German Nationals resident in Australia whose property is liable to a charge created by the Treaty of Peace Regulations made under the Treaty of Peace (Germany) Act 1919–1920
2184:
1867:
on alleged improper practices and improper refusal to co-operate with the
Victoria Police Force on the part of persons employed in the Postmaster-General's Department in Victoria in relation to illegal gambling
611:
776:
583:
1686:
to inquire into allegations affecting members of the
Parliamentary Joint Committee of Public Accounts in connexion with claims made by broadcasting companies against the Commonwealth Government (1930)
1620:
to inquire into extracts from the reports in
Parliamentary Debates of speeches made by Mr. Scullin in the House of Representatives on 7 and 19 August 1924, in relation to land tax matters (1924–1925)
2226:
2155:
1663:
154:
called for a Royal
Commission into Robodebt, to 'determine those responsible for the scheme, and its impact on Australians'. These calls have been reiterated by university academics, and by the
2196:
1356:
British New Guinea—Royal Commission of inquiry into the present conditions, including the method of government, of the Territory of Papua, and the best means of their improvement (1906–1907)
1133:
1259:
1569:
505:
1029:
2311:
1252:
390:
from 2011 to 2017, was suspended without pay from her position as a special adviser on the AUKUS nuclear submarine project, a position with a $ 900,000 salary. Additionally, a
1055:
691:
2214:
2085:
1790:
to inquire into and report upon the contract or contracts with Abbco Bread Co. Pty. Limited for the supply of bread to the Department of the Army, and other matters (1941)
1000:
2266:
2190:
2023:
1218:
974:
479:
920:
363:
297:
663:
557:
1726:
to inquire into and report upon the circumstances associated with the retirement of Lieutenant-Commander Alan Dermot Casey from the Royal Australian Navy (1934)
1803:
to inquire into and report upon certain transactions of the Sydney Land Sales Control Office, and the Canberra Land Sales Control Office of the Treasury (1947)
325:, finding that he had "allowed cabinet to be misled" by not investigating the change in position by the DHS on robodebt's requirement for legislative change.
1311:
to inquire into and report upon the arrangements made for the transport of troops returning from service in South Africa in the S.S. "Drayton Grange" (1902)
935:
1477:
on the war—Australian Imperial Force. Report as to number of members fit for active service and number of reinforcements and enlistments required (1918)
185:
welcomed this saying "The Robodebt affair was not just a maladministration scandal, it was a human tragedy that resulted in people taking their lives".
2316:
387:
887:
861:
835:
1608:
750:
1454:
to inquire into and report upon certain charges against the Administrator and other officers of the Northern Territory Administration (1916)
1275:
437:
367:
321:
was made aware of the scheme's illegality but "failed to act" by ignoring legal advice. It also criticised former social services minister
178:
155:
1451:
on the charges made by D. L. Gilchrist concerning the construction of the western section of the Kalgoorlie to Port Augusta Railway (1916)
1793:
to inquire into circumstances under which certain public monies were used and to whom, and for what purposes such moneys were paid (1941)
2149:
1167:
329:"crude and cruel mechanism" that "made many people feel like criminals." It additionally criticised former government services minister
40:
1080:
341:
agencies." Holmes noted however that the effectiveness of the suggested changes hinged on the top-down culture and robustness of the
1907:
158:(ACOSS), which stated that "although some restitution has been delivered to victims of Robodebt, they have not received justice".
531:
189:
1871:
1107:
1193:
910:
2030:
1827:
1599:
in connection with sugar purchases by the Commonwealth through Mr. W. E. Davies in September and October, 1920 (1923–1924)
204:
2326:
1030:"Robodebt royal commission final report: key findings on Scott Morrison, Stuart Robert, Kathryn Campbell and Alan Tudge"
2076:
2055:
211:
193:
44:
1943:
to inquire into and report upon certain incidents in which Aborigines were involved in the Laverton area (1975–1976)
801:
2321:
2292:
252:
125:
1512:
to inquire into complaints by the munition worker passengers to Australia by the transport "Bahia Castillo" (1919)
359:
342:
280:
1056:"Robodebt royal commissioner makes multiple referrals for prosecution, condemning scheme as 'crude and cruel'"
333:
for publicly using false figures to defend robodebt, and what it described as former human service's minister
1806:
to inquire into certain transactions in relation to timber rights in the Territory of Papua-New Guinea (1949)
394:
consultant who testified to the Royal Commission was fired in the hours after the final report was released.
588:
121:
1483:
upon the public expenditure of the Commonwealth of Australia with a view to effecting economies (1918–1921)
345:, and improvements in political rhetoric and social attitudes regarding people receiving welfare payments.
1796:
an inquiry into a statement that there was a document missing from the official files in relation to "The
151:
1886:
into exploratory and production drilling for petroleum in the area of the Great Barrier Reef (1970–1975)
809:
728:
1134:"Robodebt: 16 bureaucrats named in royal commission report face investigation by public service agency"
975:"'Crude and cruel' scheme: robodebt royal commission report recommends civil and criminal prosecutions"
883:
857:
831:
1244:
355:
314:
1602:
in connection with joinery supplied to the War Service Homes Commissioner in March, 1920 (1923–1924)
177:
in its election costings for the 2022 election for a Royal Commission into the Robodebt scheme.
1729:
to inquire into the monetary and banking systems at present in operation in Australia (1935–1937)
915:
751:"Robodebt royal commission established to investigate almost $ 2 billion in unlawful debt claims"
668:
259:
226:
81:
911:"Attorney-General Mark Dreyfus extends deadline for final report into robodebt royal commission"
1614:
on the method for determining the unimproved value of land held under Crown leases (1924–1925)
1212:
1141:
943:
461:
147:
2052:
of Inquiry into compensation arising from social security conspiracy prosecutions (1984–1986)
1108:"Commissioner brands Robodebt 'extraordinary saga' of 'venality, incompetence and cowardice'"
1327:
638:
413:
383:
318:
214:
196:
182:
170:
129:
117:
36:
313:
servants at the DHS were aware that the scheme would involve income averaging, but mislead
2109:
of Inquiry into the leasing by the Commonwealth of accommodation in Centenary House (1994)
2040:
1743:
on doctors' remuneration for national insurance service and other contract practice (1938)
858:"Royal Commissions Act 1902 - Sect 3: Failure of witnesses to attend or produce documents"
427:
257:
The powers of Royal Commissions in Australia are set out in the enabling legislation, the
162:
141:
1596:
on the circumstances attending the supposed loss at sea of the steamship "Sumatra" (1923)
2046:
on the use and effects of chemical agents on Australian personnel in Vietnam (1983–1985)
936:"What is robodebt? Six things to watch for in the royal commission's final report today"
1963:
of Inquiry into matters in relation to electoral redistribution Queensland, 1977 (1978)
1747:
regarding the contract for the erection of additions to the General Post Office, Sydney
322:
284:
200:
33:
2165:
Inquiry into certain Australian companies in relation to the UN Oil-For-Food Programme
692:"Labor secures majority government despite record non-major party vote and crossbench"
421:
337:'s "abuse of power" in leaking social security recipient's information to the media.
2305:
1797:
777:"Explained: A Robodebt royal commission has been announced. What can we expect next?"
558:"Calls heard again for royal commission into 'horrific' and unlawful robodebt scheme"
330:
1969:
of Inquiry into the viability of the Christmas Island phosphate industry (1979–1980)
1445:
on mail services and trade development between Australia and the New Hebrides (1915)
2164:
1001:"Seven public servants criticised in robodebt report as agencies consider response"
207:
27:
832:"Royal Commissions Act 1902 - Sect 2: Power to summon witnesses and take evidence"
270:
to a person to appear before the Commission at a hearing to give evidence or to
480:"Calls for royal commission into robodebt and apology from Morrison government"
2209:
into misconduct in the banking, superannuation and financial services industry
1881:
on the statement of Lieutenant Commander Cabban and matters incidental thereto
1471:
on Java and the East Indies, Singapore and the Straits Settlements (1917–1918)
403:
334:
173:
would be able to obtain the truth about Robodebt. Labor subsequently budgeted
1145:
947:
1643:
on certain matters in connexion with the British Phosphate Commission (1926)
664:"Labor pledges royal commission into 'human tragedy' of robodebt if elected"
2029:
into the activities of the Australian Building Construction Employees' and
1623:
on the finances of Western Australia, as affected by Federation (1924–1925)
1237:
720:
96:
1966:
of Inquiry into the efficiency and administration of hospitals (1979–1981)
2112:
of Inquiry into the relations between the CAA and Seaview Air (1994–1996)
1720:
on mineral oils and petrol and other products of mineral oils (1933–1935)
271:
2221:
into violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation of people with disability
2203:
into the protection and detention of children in the Northern Territory
1480:
on Public Service administration, Commonwealth of Australia (1918–1920)
279:
1,000 or six months imprisonment. A Royal Commission may authorise the
267:
2106:
of Inquiry into the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (1994–1995)
1925:
Independent Inquiry into Frequency Modulation Broadcasting (1973–1974)
229:
outlined in the Letters Patent require the commissioner to examine:
239:
Concerns raised following the implementation of the Robodebt scheme
233:
The establishment, design and implementation of the Robodebt scheme
1973:
on the activities of the Federated Ship Painters and Dockers Union
1425:
upon the Commonwealth electoral law and administration (1914–1915)
354:
separate bodies. Although the Commissioner did not name them, the
317:
in neglecting to inform them, and that the former head of the DHS
236:
The use of third party debt collectors under the Robodebt scheme
2248:
2131:
1998:
1849:
1772:
1544:
1286:
1248:
1081:"Read Catherine Holmes' robodebt royal commission final report"
1416:
to inquire into certain charges against Mr. Henry Chinn (1913)
1314:
on sites for the seat of government of the Commonwealth (1903)
391:
199:
announced the Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme, with
2049:
on Australia's security and intelligence agencies (1983–1985)
1431:
on food supplies and trade and industry during the war (1914)
275:
The penalty for conviction upon such an offence is a fine of
2061:
of inquiry into alleged telephone interceptions (1985–1986)
1486:
on taxation of leasehold estates in Crown lands (1918–1919)
1928:
of Inquiry into transport to and from Tasmania (1974–1976)
1168:"Top bureaucrat behind Robodebt suspended from $ 900k job"
1617:
on the assessment of war service disabilities (1924–1925)
462:"Report of the Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme"
1913:
Australian Post Office Commission of inquiry (1973–1974)
1820:
on the Port Augusta to Alice Springs Railway (1951–1952)
1194:"First robodebt royal commission scalp confirmed at PwC"
584:"Chapter 2: A massive failure of public administration"
506:"Labor calls for royal commission into robodebt scheme"
210:
on 25 August 2022. The Letters Patent appointed former
2082:
into grain storage, handling and transport (1986–1988)
1506:
on industrial troubles on Melbourne wharfs (1919–1920)
1330:, British New Guinea, on the 6th of March, 1904 (1904)
884:"Royal Commissions Act 1902 - Sect 4: Search warrants"
242:
The intended or actual outcomes of the Robodebt scheme
1166:
Al Khouri, Chantelle; Brewster, Alex (19 July 2023).
1940:
into alleged payments to maritime unions (1974–1976)
1723:
on the wheat, flour and bread industries (1934–1936)
1419:
on Northern Territory railways and ports (1913–1914)
2259:
2177:
2142:
2099:
2068:
2016:
2009:
1953:
1931:
on Australian Government Administration (1974–1976)
1900:
1893:
1860:
1813:
1783:
1736:
1704:
1697:
1676:
1650:
1630:
1589:
1562:
1555:
1521:
on the increase of the selling price of coal (1920)
1496:
1464:
1438:
1409:
1389:
1382:
1346:
1304:
1297:
90:
75:
52:
26:
2185:into institutional responses to child sexual abuse
1448:on Liverpool Military Camp, New South Wales (1915)
1276:Royal Commissions of the Commonwealth of Australia
1023:
1021:
610:
1922:of Inquiry into the maritime industry (1973–1976)
934:Karp, Paul; Henriques-Gomes, Luke (6 July 2023).
2161:to Inquire into the Centenary House Lease (2004)
1515:on Northern Territory Administration (1919–1920)
1317:on the Bonuses for Manufactures Bill (1903–1904)
1474:on Navy and Defence Administration (1917–1919)
1457:on Federal Capital Administration (1916–1917)
1368:on stripper harvesters and drills (1908–1909)
1359:on secret drugs, cures, and foods (1906–1907)
1260:
1192:Ravlic, Julian Bajkowski, Tom (7 July 2023).
8:
1660:on the Edie Creek (New Guinea) leases (1927)
1217:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
968:
966:
964:
21:
2312:Commonwealth of Australia royal commissions
2227:into National Natural Disaster Arrangements
2156:into the building and construction industry
1664:on the Moving Picture Industry in Australia
300:, which became operational on 1 July 2023.
2256:
2245:
2197:into trade union governance and corruption
2139:
2128:
2013:
2006:
1995:
1897:
1857:
1846:
1780:
1769:
1701:
1559:
1552:
1541:
1399:on the pearl-shelling industry (1912–1916)
1386:
1301:
1294:
1283:
1267:
1253:
1245:
715:
713:
532:"We need a royal commission into robodebt"
169:In June 2020 Labor had stated that only a
20:
2036:into Australian meat industry (1981–1982)
1333:on customs and excise tariffs (1904–1907)
806:Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme
725:Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme
466:Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme
366:, a division of the Law Society, and the
266:Royal Commissions have powers to issue a
114:Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme
22:Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme
1937:on intelligence and security (1974–1977)
1916:of Inquiry into land tenures (1973–1976)
1371:on Tasmanian customs leakage (1910–1911)
1132:Canales, Sarah Basford (3 August 2023).
2056:into British nuclear tests in Australia
1106:Lewis, Alexander; Jones (7 July 2023).
449:
161:In May 2022, the final report from the
2039:of Inquiry into the activities of the
1570:on the matter of uniform railway gauge
1210:
382:In the aftermath of the final report,
368:Australian Public Service Commissioner
132:, released her report on 7 July 2023.
1575:on pillaging of ships' cargoes (1921)
1509:on late German New Guinea (1919–1920)
120:established on 18 August 2022 by the
7:
890:from the original on 3 February 2014
864:from the original on 3 February 2014
838:from the original on 3 February 2014
455:
453:
438:List of Australian royal commissions
156:Australian Council of Social Service
1339:on the tobacco monopoly (1905–1906)
364:National Anti-Corruption Commission
298:National Anti-Corruption Commission
1934:on human relationships (1974–1978)
1578:on Cockatoo Island Dockyard (1921)
1323:on the Navigation Bill (1904–1906)
1320:on the butter industry (1904–1905)
1028:Knaus, Christopher (7 July 2023).
14:
2215:into aged care quality and safety
2086:into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody
1960:of Inquiry into drugs (1977–1980)
1908:Aboriginal Land Rights Commission
1605:on the Navigation Act (1923–1925)
1503:on the sugar industry (1919–1920)
1402:on the fruit industry (1912–1914)
1396:on the sugar industry (1911–1912)
1054:Grattan, Michelle (7 July 2023).
923:from the original on 15 May 2023.
460:Holmes, Catherine (7 July 2023).
2317:2022 establishments in Australia
2267:into Defence and Veteran Suicide
2191:into the Home Insulation Program
2024:of Inquiry into Drug Trafficking
1714:on performing rights (1932–1933)
1640:on Norfolk Island affairs (1926)
1422:on powellised timber (1913–1914)
1353:on ocean shipping service (1906)
802:"Letters Patent – plain English"
612:"Labor bid for robodebt inquiry"
420:
406:
2170:Equine Influenza Inquiry (2008)
1669:on the Constitution (Australia)
1336:on old-age pensions (1905–1906)
2031:Builders Labourers' Federation
1362:on postal services (1908–1910)
909:Webber, Miriam (11 May 2023).
1:
1946:on Norfolk Island (1975–1976)
1489:on the basic wage (1919–1920)
64:– 7 July 2023
388:Department of Human Services
1683:on the coal industry (1929)
1428:on meat export trade (1914)
999:Karp, Paul (10 July 2023).
639:"Robodebt Royal Commission"
272:produce documents specified
128:. The Royal Commissioner,
16:Australian Royal Commission
2343:
2293:Royal Commissions Act 1902
973:Karp, Paul (7 July 2023).
260:Royal Commissions Act 1902
253:Royal Commissions Act 1902
250:
139:
126:Royal Commissions Act 1902
82:Royal Commissions Act 1902
2290:
2255:
2244:
2138:
2127:
2005:
1994:
1856:
1845:
1823:on television (1953–1954)
1779:
1768:
1551:
1540:
1293:
1282:
360:Australian Federal Police
343:Australian Public Service
281:Australian Federal Police
2273:into the Robodebt Scheme
1919:on petroleum (1973–1976)
1365:on insurance (1908–1910)
617:www.theaustralian.com.au
362:, the newly-established
215:Justice Catherine Holmes
212:Queensland Supreme Court
56:18 August 2022
2077:Chamberlain convictions
1717:on taxation (1932–1934)
1711:on Jacob Johnson (1931)
1518:on taxation (1920–1923)
589:Parliament of Australia
217:as Royal Commissioner.
76:Constituting instrument
484:The Guardian Australia
1637:on health (1925–1926)
1609:on national insurance
810:Australian Government
729:Australian Government
358:reported them as the
163:second Senate inquiry
122:Australian Government
190:Labor's election win
2327:Albanese government
536:La Trobe University
386:, secretary of the
23:
2150:into HIH Insurance
1657:on wireless (1927)
916:The Canberra Times
886:. Austlii.edu.au.
860:. Austlii.edu.au.
834:. Austlii.edu.au.
669:Guardian Australia
227:terms of reference
221:Terms of reference
146:In June 2020, the
2322:2022 in Australia
2299:
2298:
2286:
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1528:
1527:
1378:
1377:
1326:on the affray at
110:
109:
2334:
2257:
2246:
2140:
2129:
2075:of inquiry into
2041:Nugan Hand Group
2014:
2007:
1996:
1898:
1872:on loss of HMAS
1858:
1847:
1781:
1770:
1702:
1560:
1553:
1542:
1387:
1328:Goaribari Island
1302:
1295:
1284:
1269:
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1255:
1246:
1241:
1240:
1238:Official website
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1068:
1066:
1060:The Conversation
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843:
828:
822:
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812:. 18 August 2022
798:
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789:
787:
781:www.9news.com.au
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767:
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757:. 25 August 2022
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564:. 19 August 2021
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414:Australia portal
411:
410:
409:
384:Kathryn Campbell
319:Kathryn Campbell
278:
205:Governor-General
197:Anthony Albanese
183:Cassandra Goldie
181:chief executive
176:
171:Royal Commission
130:Catherine Holmes
124:pursuant to the
118:royal commission
106:
105:
102:
100:
99:.royalcommission
98:
86:
71:
69:
63:
61:
48:
47:
37:Catherine Holmes
24:
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2250:2021–present
1873:
1201:. Retrieved
1198:The Mandarin
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1187:
1175:. Retrieved
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1149:. Retrieved
1138:The Guardian
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1089:. Retrieved
1085:The Mandarin
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1063:. Retrieved
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1034:The Guardian
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1005:The Guardian
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979:The Guardian
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940:The Guardian
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866:. Retrieved
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840:. Retrieved
826:
816:29 September
814:. Retrieved
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735:29 September
733:. Retrieved
724:
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696:the Guardian
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304:Final report
296:established
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208:David Hurley
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28:Commissioner
18:
2275:(2022–2023)
2269:(2021–2024)
2217:(2018–2021)
2211:(2017–2019)
2205:(2016–2017)
2199:(2014–2015)
2193:(2013–2014)
2187:(2013–2017)
2167:(2005–2006)
2158:(2001–2003)
2152:(2001–2003)
2088:(1987–1991)
2079:(1986–1987)
2058:(1984–1985)
2043:(1983–1985)
2033:(1981–1982)
2026:(1981–1983)
1975:(1980–1984)
1910:(1973–1974)
1883:(1967–1968)
1868:(1962–1963)
1830:(1954–1955)
1666:(1927–1928)
1611:(1923–1927)
1091:1 September
1065:1 September
1039:1 September
1010:1 September
984:1 September
283:to execute
2306:Categories
894:23 January
868:23 January
842:23 January
444:References
335:Alan Tudge
203:issued by
188:Following
136:Background
68:2023-07-07
60:2022-08-18
2178:2011–2020
2143:2001–2010
2133:2001–2020
2100:1991–2000
2069:1986–1990
2017:1981–1985
2010:1981–1990
2000:1981–2000
1954:1975–1980
1901:1971–1975
1894:1971–1980
1861:1961–1970
1851:1961–1980
1828:espionage
1814:1951–1960
1784:1941–1950
1774:1941–1960
1737:1936–1940
1705:1931–1935
1698:1931–1940
1677:1929–1930
1651:1927–1928
1631:1925–1926
1590:1923–1924
1563:1921–1922
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1546:1921–1940
1497:1919–1920
1465:1917–1918
1439:1915–1916
1410:1913–1914
1390:1911–1912
1383:1911–1920
1347:1906–1910
1305:1901–1905
1298:1901–1910
1288:1901–1920
1146:0261-3077
948:0261-3077
786:27 August
761:25 August
510:Nine News
378:Aftermath
349:Referrals
1800:" (1943)
1213:cite web
1172:ABC News
1151:5 August
1112:ABC News
921:Archived
888:Archived
862:Archived
836:Archived
755:ABC News
562:SBS News
398:See also
97:robodebt
34:The Hon.
1874:Voyager
1203:20 July
1177:20 July
1117:10 July
702:22 June
315:cabinet
291:Reports
268:summons
263:(Cth).
91:Website
66: (
58: (
2229:(2020)
1877:(1964)
1749:(1939)
1582:(1921)
1572:(1921)
1144:
953:7 July
946:
731:. 2022
721:"Home"
676:25 May
648:25 May
623:25 May
595:19 May
247:Powers
148:Greens
568:1 May
542:1 May
516:1 May
490:1 May
179:ACOSS
152:Labor
116:is a
85:(Cth)
43:
1219:link
1205:2023
1179:2023
1153:2023
1142:ISSN
1119:2023
1093:2023
1067:2023
1041:2023
1012:2023
986:2023
955:2023
944:ISSN
896:2014
870:2014
844:2014
818:2022
788:2022
763:2022
737:2022
704:2022
678:2022
650:2022
625:2022
597:2022
570:2022
544:2022
518:2022
492:2022
225:The
150:and
112:The
101:.gov
1826:on
392:PwC
356:ABC
277:A$
103:.au
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