27:
1781:
335:, said that it was threatened by extinction and had practically disappeared from Denmark. In the same article it was described as "a little complicated to understand", but also as "extremely entertaining" once one had first learnt the special terminology. This article was published in English in 1998 (see Literature) and described the rules as the game was played in
213:, the oldest European card game with a continuous tradition of play. Styrivolt probably evolved from Karnöffel during the early 17th century and must have quickly spread to Scandinavia for, in 1658 in Sweden, a game with the name
486:
262:. From these sources it is clear that Stýrivolt has changed little over the last two centuries. Another early Danish reference is found in a 1798 book on the culture of
241:
1837:
479:
449:
403:
384:
1808:
1799:
748:
1862:
1784:
472:
1842:
1832:
1790:
1661:
1657:
1381:
1300:
1038:
911:
508:
1852:
1847:
1740:
499:
1857:
968:
1280:
880:
820:
593:
284:
Sixes, Twos, Threes and Fours - partial trumps i.e. they can only beat certain cards in the unchosen suits,
1544:
1230:
1680:
1606:
1549:
556:
1205:
1180:
743:
655:
331:
Stýrivolt has become a rare pastime now on the Faroes. In 1975, an article in the cultural magazine,
255:
237:
753:
738:
317:
1627:
1564:
1513:
1478:
1424:
1140:
842:
685:
608:
270:
266:
in which
Styrvolt is mentioned three times, including as a game at which farmers play for money.
236:
On the Faroes, the game has been played since the 18th century, being mentioned, for example, in
26:
1632:
1579:
1508:
1185:
978:
923:
858:
837:
774:
763:
628:
582:
566:
495:
445:
430:("The North Zealand Common Land: Character, Customs, Meaning and Language.") Popp, Copenhagen.
226:
1519:
1468:
1371:
1245:
1220:
1008:
963:
953:
938:
890:
779:
700:
639:
550:
544:
305:
1215:
1451:
1429:
1401:
1337:
1316:
1050:
847:
795:
716:
705:
618:
538:
533:
177:
1275:
1235:
1260:
1070:
831:
805:
623:
561:
1826:
1760:
1675:
1642:
1569:
1250:
1165:
1003:
958:
710:
263:
196:
1756:
1695:
1395:
1311:
998:
885:
875:
675:
670:
308:
terms in Stýrivolt are derived directly from the German language. For example, the
269:
Stýrivolt is a game for four players in two teams of two. There are five permanent
1524:
1110:
336:
210:
143:
59:
464:
1766:
1720:
1647:
1529:
1473:
1060:
993:
800:
727:
722:
665:
650:
274:
252:
Politiske Spille Regler for de tilladelige og meest brugelige Spil i
Vertshusene
206:
139:
86:
48:
434:
1617:
1498:
1439:
1354:
1285:
1145:
1130:
983:
973:
690:
588:
291:
259:
250:, the game is described in several Danish games compendia, the earliest being
185:
1710:
1622:
1590:
1585:
1559:
1534:
1483:
1365:
1359:
1225:
1210:
1155:
1135:
1085:
1065:
733:
695:
577:
230:
192:
147:
613:
1690:
1612:
1434:
1407:
1190:
1175:
1150:
1115:
1090:
1023:
1013:
988:
933:
815:
784:
768:
680:
571:
168:
1752:
1700:
1670:
1601:
1503:
1488:
1419:
1413:
1348:
1290:
1255:
1195:
1170:
1160:
1105:
1100:
1080:
1028:
1018:
943:
928:
900:
864:
758:
660:
633:
1705:
1685:
1574:
1554:
1539:
1493:
1462:
1457:
1342:
1321:
1270:
1265:
1200:
1125:
1120:
1075:
1055:
869:
810:
790:
644:
603:
428:
Den nordsiellandske
Landalmues: Character, Skikke, Meeninger og Sprog
1725:
1596:
1445:
1332:
1327:
1240:
1095:
948:
895:
825:
598:
528:
522:
1748:
1730:
1715:
1637:
468:
294:, only beatable by trumps when led, otherwise worthless
359:
meant a blank (i.e. worthless) playing card in Danish.
300:
Fives - only useful for exchanging with a trump turnup
277:
with cards that have different privileges as follows:
1739:
1656:
1380:
1299:
1037:
910:
507:
133:
125:
92:
82:
74:
66:
55:
44:
36:
287:Sevens - unbeatable when led, otherwise worthless
195:, that appears to be extinct today except on the
243:Indberetninger fra en Reise i Færöe, 1781 - 1782
191:= "wild, unruly person") is an old Scandinavian
456:Trumpf på hand: en historia om svenska spelkort
209:and both are descended from the German game of
383:sfn error: no target: CITEREFStiernhielm1658 (
480:
8:
19:
419:Bærentsen, Jógvan (1975). "Stýrivoltur" in
378:
297:Kings and Queens - some privileges when led
16:Old Danish card game from the Faroe Islands
487:
473:
465:
25:
423:, Vol. 43, Issue 3/4, (1975) pp. 162–168
402:sfn error: no target: CITEREFJunge1798 (
371:
348:
254:(1774), an example of which is in the
229:along with other card games including
18:
397:
167:
7:
433:McLeod, John (1998). "Stýrivolt" at
437:- English translation and revision.
14:
1780:
1779:
112:
442:The Penguin Book of Card Games
400:, pp. 185, 379 & 380.
108:
104:
96:
1:
100:
1838:Culture of the Faroe Islands
281:Aces and Jacks - full trumps
118:Trumps:A J 6 8/9 2 3 4 K Q 5
1809:Tarot and Tarock card games
1800:Non trick-taking card games
454:Stiernhielm, Georg (1993).
1879:
217:is mentioned in the poem,
1775:
328:i.e. "Pope") is the Six.
153:
138:
24:
881:Twenty-five (Spoil Five)
1863:17th-century card games
496:Trick-taking card games
440:Parlett, David (2008).
426:Junge, Joachim (1798).
121:Side suits: A K Q J 9–2
1843:Four-player card games
1833:French deck card games
205:is closely related to
169:[ˈstʊirɪ.vɔlt]
165:Faroese pronunciation:
1791:Historical card games
1388:(except where stated)
515:(except where stated)
256:Royal Danish Library
238:Jens Christian Svabo
1545:Officers' Schafkopf
444:, Penguin, London.
290:Eights and Nines -
21:
1741:Swiss German packs
1425:Bohemian Schneider
1372:Württemberg Tarock
1848:Danish card games
1820:
1819:
1633:Wendish Schafkopf
1580:Russian Schnapsen
1389:
1305:
1044:
917:
516:
450:978-0-141-03787-5
324:(from the German
227:Georg Stiernhielm
158:
157:
1870:
1858:Faroese language
1813:
1807:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1469:German Schafkopf
1385:
1303:
1042:
915:
754:Norseman's knock
512:
489:
482:
475:
466:
408:
407:
395:
389:
388:
379:Stiernhielm 1658
376:
360:
353:
171:
166:
154:Two chosen suits
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
29:
22:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1853:Karnöffel group
1823:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1796:
1793:
1787:
1771:
1735:
1652:
1452:Dreierschnapsen
1430:Bohemian Watten
1402:Bauernschnapsen
1387:
1384:
1376:
1317:Bavarian Tarock
1295:
1146:Klaberjass/Bela
1041:
1033:
914:
906:
706:Knock-out whist
514:
511:
503:
493:
462:
416:
411:
401:
396:
392:
382:
377:
373:
369:
364:
363:
354:
350:
345:
164:
119:
116:
93:Rank (high→low)
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1876:
1874:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1825:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1745:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1588:
1583:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1392:
1390:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1319:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1261:Tausendundeins
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1186:Officers' Skat
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1071:Bauernheinrich
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
920:
918:
908:
907:
905:
904:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
867:
862:
856:
850:
845:
840:
835:
829:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
782:
777:
772:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
725:
720:
714:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
642:
637:
631:
626:
624:Call-ace whist
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
580:
575:
569:
564:
562:Auction bridge
559:
554:
548:
542:
536:
531:
526:
519:
517:
505:
504:
494:
492:
491:
484:
477:
469:
460:
459:
452:
438:
431:
424:
415:
412:
410:
409:
390:
370:
368:
365:
362:
361:
347:
346:
344:
341:
302:
301:
298:
295:
288:
285:
282:
156:
155:
151:
150:
136:
135:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
68:
64:
63:
57:
53:
52:
46:
42:
41:
38:
34:
33:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1875:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1810:
1801:
1792:
1786:
1778:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1761:Hindersi-Jass
1758:
1754:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1643:Unteransetzen
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1570:Rosbiratschka
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1520:Lusti-Kartl'n
1518:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1383:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1251:Slobberhannes
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1166:Letzter Stich
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
959:Catch the ten
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
921:
919:
913:
909:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
871:
868:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
833:
830:
828:(Danish) (20)
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
729:
726:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
711:Konter a Matt
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
646:
643:
641:
638:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
584:
581:
579:
576:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
524:
521:
520:
518:
510:
506:
501:
497:
490:
485:
483:
478:
476:
471:
470:
467:
463:
457:
453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
436:
435:www.pagat.com
432:
429:
425:
422:
418:
417:
413:
405:
399:
394:
391:
386:
380:
375:
372:
366:
358:
355:Historically
352:
349:
342:
340:
338:
334:
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
312:(from German
311:
307:
299:
296:
293:
289:
286:
283:
280:
279:
278:
276:
272:
267:
265:
264:North Zealand
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
244:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
198:
197:Faroe Islands
194:
190:
187:
183:
179:
175:
170:
162:
152:
149:
145:
141:
137:
134:Related games
132:
128:
124:
120:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:
54:
50:
47:
43:
39:
35:
28:
23:
1812:}}
1806:{{
1803:}}
1797:{{
1794:}}
1788:{{
1757:Schieberjass
1696:Calabresella
1396:Bauernfangen
1382:German packs
1338:Haferltarock
1312:Bauerntarock
1301:German packs
1281:Twenty-eight
1236:Siebenschräm
1039:French packs
999:Six-bid solo
912:French packs
886:Two-ten-jack
876:Turkish King
852:
676:German whist
671:French whist
509:French packs
461:
458:, Uddevalla.
455:
441:
427:
420:
393:
381:, p. 8.
374:
356:
351:
332:
330:
325:
321:
313:
309:
303:
275:chosen suits
268:
251:
247:
242:
235:
222:
218:
214:
202:
201:
188:
181:
173:
160:
159:
117:
31:The matadors
1767:Kaiserspiel
1721:Truc y Flou
1648:Zehnerlegen
1530:Matzlfangen
1474:German Solo
1061:Bassadewitz
994:Scharwenzel
832:Skærvindsel
821:Sixty-three
801:Ristikontra
749:Ninety-nine
666:Forty-fives
651:Court piece
594:Black Maria
184:, from the
87:French pack
49:Plain-trick
1827:Categories
1618:Trischettn
1499:Kein Stich
1440:Doppelkopf
1355:Mulatschak
1286:Zwanzig ab
1231:Sheepshead
1216:Préférence
1004:Svängknack
984:Marjapussi
974:Hindersche
848:Spoil Five
691:Hucklebuck
589:Black lady
414:Literature
398:Junge 1798
367:References
292:free cards
260:Copenhagen
186:Low German
1711:Tressette
1681:Botifarra
1623:Wallachen
1607:Sixty-six
1591:Schnapsen
1586:Schafkopf
1560:Ramscheln
1550:Quodlibet
1535:Mauscheln
1484:Grasobern
1366:Schnalzen
1360:Perlaggen
1226:Schwimmen
1211:Preferans
1156:Klaverjas
1136:Herzblatt
1131:Fünf dazu
1086:Bierlachs
1066:Bauerchen
853:Stýrivolt
734:Lanterloo
696:Kachufool
578:Bid whist
557:All fours
316:) is the
314:Karnöffel
310:karniffil
231:Karniffel
215:stýr-wålt
211:Karnöffel
203:Stýrivolt
193:card game
189:stürewold
161:Stýrivolt
148:Karniffel
144:Karnöffel
129:Clockwise
60:Karnöffel
20:Stýrivolt
1785:Category
1691:Briscola
1613:Sticheln
1435:Bolachen
1408:Bierkopf
1386:32 cards
1328:Brusbart
1304:36 cards
1206:Polignac
1191:Oma Skat
1181:Mistigri
1176:Marjolet
1151:Klammern
1091:Brandeln
1043:32 cards
1024:Viersche
1014:Tarabish
989:Rutersju
916:36 cards
816:Sheng ji
806:Rödskägg
785:Polskpas
769:Pinochle
744:Napoleon
728:Knüffeln
723:Köpknack
681:Gong Zhu
656:Cucumber
513:52 cards
357:Styrvolt
320:and the
304:Several
273:and two
248:Styrvolt
223:Herkules
219:Hercules
207:Knüffeln
182:styrvolt
174:Stýrvolt
140:Knüffeln
1753:Chratze
1671:Aluette
1662:Spanish
1658:Italian
1602:Sedmice
1504:Lampeln
1489:Herzeln
1420:Blattla
1414:Binokel
1349:Kratzen
1291:Zwicken
1256:Solo 66
1196:Pilotta
1171:Manille
1161:Letzter
1106:Coinche
1101:Chouine
1081:Bezique
1029:Voormsi
1019:Trekort
901:Zwikken
865:Tarneeb
759:Oh hell
739:Mizerka
661:Femkort
634:Clabber
322:pavstur
306:Faroese
67:Players
40:Denmark
1706:Julepe
1686:Brisca
1676:Bestia
1628:Watten
1575:Rumpel
1565:Ramsen
1555:Ramsch
1540:Mucken
1525:Mariáš
1514:Lupfen
1494:Herzla
1479:Gilten
1465:(2x24)
1463:Gaigel
1458:Elfern
1442:(2x24)
1416:(2x24)
1343:Jaggln
1322:Bieten
1276:Tuppen
1271:Toepen
1266:Tippen
1201:Piquet
1141:Kaiser
1126:Fipsen
1121:Euchre
1111:Écarté
1076:Belote
1056:Baloot
870:Thunee
843:Spades
811:Shelem
791:Priffe
771:(2x24)
686:Hearts
645:Chlust
619:Bridge
614:Bourré
609:Boston
604:Bonken
448:
421:Varðin
337:Kvívík
333:Varðin
271:trumps
225:), by
178:Danish
56:Family
37:Origin
1726:Truco
1664:packs
1597:Sedma
1509:Lorum
1446:Dreeg
1333:Dobbm
1241:Sjavs
1116:Enflé
1096:Bruus
979:Knack
949:Bruus
934:Bräus
924:Agram
896:Whist
859:Sueca
838:Smear
826:Sjavs
775:Pitch
764:Pedro
629:Cinch
599:Bluke
583:Bisca
572:Baśka
567:Barbu
529:3-5-8
523:3-2-5
343:Notes
326:Papst
246:. As
172:) or
75:Cards
62:group
1749:Jass
1731:Tute
1716:Truc
1701:Gilé
1638:Ulti
1609:(24)
1593:(20)
1582:(24)
1516:(20)
1454:(20)
1448:(24)
1410:(20)
1404:(20)
1398:(20)
1368:(33)
1362:(33)
1351:(33)
1345:(33)
1324:(33)
1246:Skat
1221:Rams
1009:Tapp
969:Frog
964:Dapp
954:Bura
944:Brús
939:Brus
929:Bête
903:(20)
891:Vira
872:(24)
861:(40)
855:(48)
834:(28)
787:(24)
780:Phat
730:(48)
719:(16)
713:(24)
701:King
647:(20)
640:Clag
636:(24)
585:(40)
574:(16)
553:(24)
551:1001
547:(24)
545:1000
541:(43)
525:(30)
500:list
446:ISBN
404:help
385:help
318:Jack
126:Play
83:Deck
51:game
45:Type
1660:or
1051:304
796:Put
717:Kop
539:500
534:400
258:in
240:'s
1829::
1759:,
1755:,
339:.
233:.
199:.
180::
146:,
142:,
111:9
107:8
103:4
99:2
78:48
1763:)
1751:(
502:)
498:(
488:e
481:t
474:v
406:)
387:)
221:(
176:(
163:(
115:9
113:♦
109:♥
105:♠
101:♣
97:♥
70:4
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