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549:, where he applied himself to the study of civil and canon law. Due to a slight speech impediment, he was regarded as slow but his thoroughness and industry meant that he made rapid progress. In 1554 his father died, and although he had an elder brother, Count Federico, he was requested by the family to take the management of their domestic affairs. After a time, he resumed his studies, and on 6 December 1559, he earned a
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Borromeo believed that abuses in the church arose from ignorant clergy. Among his most important actions, he established seminaries, colleges, and communities for the education of candidates for holy orders. His emphasis on
Catholic learning greatly increased the preparation of men for the priesthood
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Before
Borromeo went to Milan, while he was overseeing reform in Rome, a nobleman remarked that the latter city was no longer a place to enjoy oneself or to make a fortune. "Carlo Borromeo has undertaken to remake the city from top to bottom," he said, predicting that the reformer's enthusiasm "would
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of St. Ambrose, a society of secular men who did not take orders, but devoted themselves to the church and followed a discipline of monastic prayers and study. They provided assistance to parishes when so directed. The new archbishop's efforts for catechesis and the instruction of youth included the
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Charged with implementing the reforms dictated by the
Council of Trent, Borromeo's uncompromising stance brought him into conflict with secular leaders, priests, and even the Pope. He met with much opposition to his reforms. The governor of the province and many of the senators addressed complaints
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abbey of Sts. Gratinian and Felin, one of the ancient perquisites of the family. Borromeo made plain to his father that all revenues from the abbey beyond what was required to prepare him for a career in the church belonged to the poor and could not be applied to secular use. The young man attended
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Subsequently, he devoted himself to the reformation of his diocese which had deteriorated in practice owing to the 80-year absence of previous archbishops. Milan was the largest archdiocese in Italy at the time, with more than 3,000 clergy and 800,000 people. Both its clergy and laity had drifted
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it was discovered that 'the provost or rector, was the foremost in sorceries'". During his pastoral visit to the region, 150 people were arrested for practicing witchcraft. Eleven women and the provost were condemned by the civil authorities to be burned alive.
993:(humility), which is a portion of the Borromeo shield. He is usually represented in art in his robes, barefoot, carrying the cross as archbishop, a rope around his neck, one hand raised in blessing, thus recalling his work during the plague.
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Following his death, popular devotion to
Borromeo arose quickly and continued to grow. The Milanese celebrated his anniversary as though he were already a saint, and supporters in a number of cities collected documentation to support his
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After the death of his uncle, Pius IV (1566), Borromeo sent a galley to fetch
Cardinal Ugo Boncompagni, the Nuncio in Spain, but he did not arrive in time to be considered at the conclave. Borromeo then reached an agreement with
770:(Brothers of Humility), a penitential order which, although reduced to about 170 members, owned some ninety monasteries. Some members of that society formed a conspiracy against his life, and a shot was fired at him with an
650:, were the causes of the conversion of Borromeo towards a more strict and operative Christian life, and his aim became to put into practice the dignity and duties of the bishop as drafted by the recent Council of Trent.
1104:, to which he appeared to have contributed, Borromeo's written legacy consisted only of some homilies, discourses and sermons, with a collection of letters. Borromeo's sermons have been translated into many languages.
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visited him at Milan in 1580 on their way to
England. They stayed with him for eight days, talking with him every night after dinner. A Welshman, Grudfydd Robert, served as his canon theologian and an Englishman,
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1555:
Sint. Carolus hospital, first
Catholic hospital in Indonesia founded by Perkumpulan Perhimpunan St. Carolus Vereeniging (PPSC). It is managed by Kongregasi Suster-Suster Cinta Kasih St. Carolus Borromeus
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1059:– and others showed how they valued his influence. Cardinal Valerio of Verona said of him that Borromeo was "to the well-born a pattern of virtue, to his brother cardinals an example of true nobility."
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898:, which became the centre of Catholic Counter-Reformation efforts and was determined to expel heretics. It created severe strains in the Swiss civil administration and caused the break-up of
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638:), to marry and have children so that the family name would not become extinct, but he decided not to leave the ecclesiastic state. His brother's death, along with his contacts with the
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waived his claims on that archbishopric, but he was only allowed by the pope to leave Rome one year later. Borromeo made his formal entry into Milan as archbishop on 23 September 1565.
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from church teaching. The selling of indulgences and ecclesiastical positions was prevalent; monasteries were "full of disorder"; many religious were "lazy, ignorant, and debauched".
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on
Margarita Island, state of Nueva Esparta, Venezuela, completed in 1684, intended to help protect settlements in the Bay of Pampatar area against the constant threat of piracy
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Borromeo's correspondence shows his influential position in Europe during his lifetime. The popes under whom he served sought his advice. The
Catholic sovereigns of Europe –
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858:, Borromeo repressed Protestantism in the Swiss valleys. The Catholic Encyclopedia relates: "In November he began a visitation as Apostolic visitor of all the cantons of
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In 1584, during his annual retreat at Monte
Varallo, he fell ill with "intermittent fever and ague", and on returning to Milan grew rapidly worse. After receiving the
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Birgit Heß-Kickert: Architekturtheorie der italienischen Renaissance. Die Instructiones fabricae et supellectilis ecclesiasticae des Carlo Borromeo. Saarbrücken, 1999
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Borromeo had also been involved in English affairs when he assisted Pius IV. Many English Catholics had fled to Italy at this time because of the persecutions under
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and admirers commissioned a statue 20 m high that was erected on the hill above Arona, as they regarded him an important leader of the Counter-Reformation.
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Borromeo made numerous pastoral visits and restored dignity to divine service. He urged churches to be designed in conformity with the decrees of the
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Late in the sixteenth or at the beginning of the seventeenth century, Catholics in England circulated among themselves a "Life of St. Charles".
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On 19 November 1562, his older brother, Federico, suddenly died. His family urged Borromeo to seek permission to return to the lay state (
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when he was about twelve years old. At this time his paternal uncle Giulio Cesare Borromeo turned over to him the income from the rich
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to wear black, and established an academy of learned persons, the Academy of the Vatican Knights, publishing their memoirs as the
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was entrusted with both the public and the privy seal of the ecclesiastical state. He was also brought into the government of the
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Blunt, Anthony, Artistic Theory in Italy, 1450–1660, chapter VIII, especially pp. 107–128, 1940 (refs to 1985 edn), OUP,
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2183:"Nov 4 – St Charles Borromeo, (1538-1584), Cardinal Archbishop of Milan, Patron of Catechists, Great Catholic Reformer"
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in that city. He donated his collection of art and literature to the library. He appeared as a character in
894:, the organization (also called the Borromean League) linked activities of several Swiss Catholic cantons of
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477:. In that role he was responsible for significant reforms in the Catholic Church, including the founding of
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H.398 & H.398 a, for soloists, double chorus, two flutes, double string orchestra, and continuo (1670?)
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initiation of the first "Sunday School" classes and the work of the Confraternity for Christian Doctrine.
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on 7 February 1560. After his decision to put into practice the role of bishop, he decided to be ordained
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Borromeo's diocesan reforms faced opposition from several religious orders, particularly that of the
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in his development of the "Golden League" but did not live to see its formation in 1586. Based in
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A Cantono, "Un grande riformatore del secolo XVI" (Florence: 1904); "Borromus" in Herzog-Hauck,
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Per ragioni di salute. San Carlo Borromeo nel quarto centenario della canonizzazione 1610-2010
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1013:(a priest), who wrote his in Italian. Giussanno's account was the most detailed of the three.
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St. Charles Borromeo Cathedral (Cathédrale Saint-Charles-Borromée) Joliette Quebec Canada
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In 1576 there was famine at Milan due to crop failures, and later an outbreak of the
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1067:, whose early death, lamented by all good men, inflicted great loss on the Church."
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On 25 December 1559 Borromeo's uncle Cardinal Giovanni Angelo Medici was elected as
525:. The second son in a family of six children, he was born in the castle of Arona on
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ADULT CATECHESIS & CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS LITERACY IN THE ROMAN CATHOLIC TRADITION
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St. Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Oratory, North Kelvinside, Glasgow, Scotland
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Charles Borromeo intercedes during the plague; painting by Jacob Jordaens (1655)
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St. Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Church, est. 1846, Woonsocket, Rhode Island
505:, made famous by several notable men, both in the church and state. The family
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1005:(afterwards cardinal and Bishop of Verona) and Carlo Bascape (General of the
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Charles Borromeo is the patron saint of bishops, catechists and seminarians.
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and benefited their congregations. In addition, he founded the fraternity of
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2554:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 274–275.
2171:. Kelly - University of Toronto. London : Washbourne. pp. 214–215.
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1009:, afterwards Bishop of Novara), who wrote their contributions in Latin, and
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806:, as vicar-general. The archbishop carried on his person a small picture of
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1662:, originally named "Royal and Pontifical University of San Carlos Borromeo"
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Borromeo' biography was originally written by three of his contemporaries:
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lead him to correct the rest of the world once he has finished with Rome."
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Kenny, Louise M. Stacpoole (Louise Mary Stacpoole); Pius X, Pope (1911).
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canonized Borromeo. Three years later, the church added his feast to the
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1601:, a Catholic and Lasallian University, St. Charles Borromeo North Campus
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During his four years in Rome, Borromeo lived in austerity, obliged the
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church and Academy (Pt. Loma, California)
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St. Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Church, Pancevo, Vojvodina, Serbia
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1534:(1564–1631), was archbishop of Milan from 1595 and founded the
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in the archepiscopal chapel. His survival was considered miraculous.
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St Charles Borromeo Minor Seminary Senior High School, Tamale, Ghana
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402:, colic, intestinal disorder, Lombardy, Italy, Monterey California,
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St. Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Church, Port Charlotte, Florida
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Saint Charles Borromeo Catholic Church, North Hollywood, California
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "St. Charles Borromeo".
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Our Lady and St Charles Borromeo Catholic Church, Wisbech, England
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2657:: Digital edition of the manuscript and letters of Carlo Borromeo
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Borromeo is one of four people mentioned at the beginning of the
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St. Charles Seminary (SVD), Goden Rock, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
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St. Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Church in Hampshire, Illinois
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and for whom he held a great veneration. During the 19th century
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Intercession of Charles Borromeo supported by the Virgin Mary by
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Saint Charles Borromeo : a sketch of the reforming cardinal
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania)
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Morganton, North Carolina)
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Saint Charles Borromeo Catholic Church, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1043:, the statue is 23 m tall and stands on a plinth 12 m in height.
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Saint Charles Borromeo Catholic Church, Grand Coteau, Louisiana
866:, leaving the affairs of his diocese in the hands of Monsignor
569:. Shortly thereafter, on 31 January 1560, the pope created him
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University of San Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines Official Site
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Ahoskie, North Carolina)
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St. Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Church in Greece, New York
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church in Minneapolis, Minnesota
521:. His mother Margaret was a member of the Milan branch of the
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Music in the Collective Experience in Sixteenth-century Milan
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church in St. Charles, Missouri
666:(4 September 1563) and on 7 December 1563 he was consecrated
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Saint Charles Borromeo Seminary, Archdiocese of Philadelphia
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Woburn, Massachusetts)
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St. Charles Borromeo RC Church, Aigburth, Liverpool, England
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1479:, Colombia, and home for a Benedictine community of priests
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Skillman, New Jersey)
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church, Read, Ontario, Canada
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was to institute an order of Oblates of St Charles, led by
2587:
Pietro Canetta, "Biography of Carlo Borromeo" (in Italian)
1563:
Borromeo was crucial in furthering the career of composer
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Oakes, North Dakota)
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of 1524 and 1526 had proclaimed freedom of worship in the
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Syracuse, New York)
30:"San Carlo Borromeo" redirects here. For other uses, see
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Du Bois, Illinois)
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Oklahoma City, OK)
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St Charles Borromeo Catholic Church, Visalia, California
611:, in 1562–63. He had a large share in the making of the
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Philadelphia, Pa)
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Gretna, Nebraska)
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2444:"St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church - Kingsland, TX"
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Kettering, Ohio)
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Chiesa San Carlo Borromeo, Biasca, Ticino, Switzerland
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St. Charles Borromeo RC Church, Hampton Magna, England
619:). In 1561, Borromeo founded and endowed a college at
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Pittsfield, MA)
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created a memorial crypt to honour him at the church.
715:, who held a significant number of votes, to support
607:
Borromeo organized the third and last session of the
37:"Carlo Borromeo" redirects here. For other uses, see
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Kingsland, TX)
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Saint Charles Borromeo Major Seminary of Nyakibanda
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Saint Charles Borromeo Major Seminary of Nyakibanda
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (Meredith, NH)
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St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church, Peru, Indiana
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3938:Major Penitentiaries of the Apostolic Penitentiary
1248:St. Charles Borromeo Church (Destrehan, Louisiana)
934:, he quietly died on 3 November at the age of 46.
723:. Ghislieri was elected and took the name Pius V.
481:for the education of priests. He is honoured as a
3933:Members of the Sacred Congregation of the Council
1931:(in Italian). Milano: Massimo. pp. 226–230.
1410:Cathedral Basilica of San Carlos Borromeo (Puno)
1035:): colossal statue of Carlo Borromeo erected in
914:The Crypt of Saint Charles Borromeo in June 2024
3903:16th-century Italian Roman Catholic archbishops
1475:, a recognized primary and secondary school in
1173:Church of St. Charles Borromeo (Warsaw, Poland)
658:Borromeo was appointed an administrator of the
3752:St. Charles Seminary (Staten Island, New York)
2560:Documenti circa la vita e la gesta di Borromeo
1512:St. Charles Seminary (Staten Island, New York)
1262:St. Charles's Church (Staten Island, New York)
1252:St. Charles Borromeo Church, Brooklyn New York
3594:
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2661:Website of St Charles Church,Volders in Tirol
2142:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Charles Borromeo"
1294:St. Charles Borromeo (South Charleston, Ohio)
513:, which are sometimes taken to symbolize the
8:
1753:Saint Charles Borromeo, patron saint archive
1297:St. Charles Borromeo in Pikesville, Maryland
846:showing an angel tending to Charles Borromeo
449:; 2 October 1538 – 3 November 1584) was the
1334:St Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Church (
1256:St. Charles Borromeo Church (New York City)
954:Borromeo. In 1604 his case was sent to the
682:on 12 May 1564 after the former archbishop
501:was one of the most ancient and wealthy in
497:Borromeo was a descendant of nobility; the
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1404:St. Charles Borromeo Cathedral, São Carlos
1115:churches dedicated to St. Charles Borromeo
966:for celebration on 4 November. Along with
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3670:San Carlo Borromeo-class ship of the line
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1998:
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1288:St. Charles Borromeo Church (Parma, Ohio)
719:, who was rumored to have the support of
517:. Borromeo's father Gilbert was Count of
2645:Literature by and about Charles Borromeo
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1354:St. Charles Church (Arlington, Virginia)
1291:The neighborhood of Pointe-Saint-Charles
1079:Contrary to Borromeo's last wishes, the
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3274:Guglielmo II della Pusterla (1361–1370)
2480:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 63.
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1357:St. Charles Parish, Spokane, Washington
3665:Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala
3655:Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo
2358:"St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church"
2298:"St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church"
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1847:The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
1656:Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala
1344:St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (
1306:St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (
1266:St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church (
1233:Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo
814:had been executed during the reign of
27:Catholic prelate and saint (1538–1584)
3773:Oblates of Saints Ambrose and Charles
3295:Francesco III Piccolpasso (1433–1443)
2619:Colonnade Statue in St Peter's Square
1913:(in Italian). Vol. 20. Treccani.
1900:
1898:
1780:Oblates of Saints Ambrose and Charles
1514:, closed and slated for private homes
1133:St Charles Borromeo Church, Sheffield
870:, his vicar-general. He began in the
7:
3908:Participants in the Council of Trent
3701:St. Charles's Church (Staten Island)
3352:Giovan Angelo Arcimboldi (1550–1555)
2362:St. Charles Borromeo Catholic Church
1911:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
1398:Cathedral of San Carlos de Bariloche
1180:St. Charles Borromeo Cemetery Church
1159:St. Charles Borromeo Church, Antwerp
989:Borromeo's emblem is the Latin word
3215:Filippo I da Lampugnano (1196–1206)
3206:(1185–1187, elected Pope Urban III)
2412:"St. Charles Borromeo Church|"
2126:, Folio Society edition 1979 p. 69.
1371:Depiction of Charles Borromeo in a
834:Persecution of religious dissidents
646:and the example of bishops such as
32:San Carlo Borromeo (disambiguation)
3235:Guglielmo I da Rizolio (1230–1241)
3218:Umberto IV da Pirovano (1206–1211)
3212:Umberto III da Terzago (1195–1196)
2208:"Remembering St. Charles Borromeo"
678:. Borromeo was formally appointed
581:and appointed a supervisor of the
25:
3554:$ =considered an intruder by the
3515:(1954–1963, elected Pope Paul VI)
3495:(1921–1922, elected Pope Pius XI)
3301:Giovanni III Visconti (1450–1453)
3190:Umberto I da Pirovano (1146–1166)
1558:Sisters of Mercy of St. Borromeo
1422:Cathedral of San Carlos (Cojedes)
1285:St. Charles Borromeo (Lima, Ohio)
974:, he is one of only two or three
461:. He was a leading figure of the
161:Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede
3850:
3838:
3826:
3814:
3789:
3675:Saint Charles Preparatory School
3561:
3259:Aicardo da Intimiano (1317–1339)
3250:Francesco I da Parma (1296–1308)
2702:Bishops and Archbishops of Milan
2528:
2515:
2474:Getz, Christine Suzanne (2005).
1851:Florida International University
1732:
1718:
1704:
1690:
1590:Saint Charles Preparatory School
1572:Catechism of the Catholic Church
1227:Cathedral of San Carlos Borromeo
882:Reacting to the pressure of the
551:doctorate in canon and civil law
3650:San Carlos de Borromeo Fortress
3289:Francesco II Crippa (1409–1414)
3280:Antonio de' Saluzzi (1380–1401)
3247:Ruffino da Frisseto (1295–1296)
3200:Algisio da Pirovano (1176–1185)
2567:Histoire de St Charles Borromeo
1990:, ed., reprinted, London: 1884)
1953:"St. Charles Cardinal Borromeo"
1929:Vescovi e arcivescovi di Milano
1675:has composed a dramatic motet,
1640:San Carlos de Borromeo Fortress
1560:) since its foundation in 1913.
1416:San Carlos Borromeo, San Carlos
485:by the Catholic Church, with a
127:
41:. For the Indian sprinter, see
39:Carlo Borromeo (disambiguation)
3893:16th-century Italian cardinals
3493:Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti
2340:"St. Charles New Website 2021"
1626:Saint-Charles-Borromée, Quebec
1165:San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
902:canton along religious lines.
1:
3928:Cardinal Secretaries of State
3722:St. Charles Borromeo Seminary
3298:Enrico II Rampini (1443–1450)
3292:Bartolommeo Capra (1414–1433)
3209:Milone da Cardano (1187–1195)
1843:"BORROMEO, Carlo (1538-1584)"
1455:, Pennsylvania, United States
1449:St. Charles Borromeo Seminary
1185:St. Charles Borromeo Church,
230:Count Carlo Borromeo di Arona
3727:St Charles Borromeo Seminary
3427:Benedetto II Erba Odescalchi
3316:Carlo I da Forlì (1457–1461)
3277:Simon da Borsano (1370–1380)
3064:Andrea of Canciano (899–906)
2007:My Best Teachers Were Saints
1435:St Charles Borromeo Seminary
1338:, Newfoundland and Labrador)
1136:St Charles Borromeo Church,
785:Influence on English affairs
740:Confraternities of Penitents
3883:People from Arona, Piedmont
3706:San Carlo Borromeo, Ferrara
3691:St. Charles Borromeo Church
3337:Ottaviano Arcimboldi (1497)
3178:Ulrich da Corte (1120–1126)
3137:Gotofredo II da Castiglione
2591:Magazzeno Storico Verbanese
2562:(4 vols., Milan: 1857–1859)
2380:St. Charles Borromeo Parish
1633:San Carlos City, Pangasinan
1453:Archdiocese of Philadelphia
3979:
3948:University of Pavia alumni
3923:Burials at Milan Cathedral
3304:Nicolò Amidano (1453–1454)
3238:Leon da Perego (1241–1257)
2344:www.stcharlesnederland.org
2212:National Catholic Reporter
1905:De Certau, Michel (1977).
43:Charles Borromeo (athlete)
36:
29:
3786:
3552:
3513:Giovanni Battista Montini
3480:Luigi Nazari di Calabiana
3451:Giovanni Battista Caprara
1984:Vita di S. Carlo Borromeo
1927:Cazzani, Eugenio (1996).
1032:
906:Controversy and last days
410:city in Brazil (namesake)
77:
66:
3660:University of San Carlos
3468:Bartolomeo Carlo Romilli
3439:Giuseppe II Pozzobonelli
3332:Guido Antonio Arcimboldi
2655:Epistolario di San Carlo
2623:Saint Charles Borromeo,
2030:"Saint Charles Borromeo"
1878:"Saint Charles Borromeo"
1673:Marc-Antoine Charpentier
1646:University of San Carlos
1488:St Charles' Seminary in
1041:Giovanni Battista Crespi
978:to have been canonized.
627:, which he dedicated to
453:from 1564 to 1584 and a
423:San Carlo al Corso, Rome
374:cord, red cardinal robes
86:Giovanni Ambrogio Figino
3139:(1070–1075, antibishop)
2937:St Honoratus (560–571?)
2649:German National Library
2551:Encyclopædia Britannica
2122:Lytton Strachey, 1918,
1907:"Carlo Borromeo, santo"
1801:Encyclopedia Britannica
1631:St. Charles Academy in
1508:, now a retirement home
742:, particularly that of
573:, and thus Borromeo as
3796:Catholicism portal
3634:St. Charles, Minnesota
3624:Saint-Charles-Borromée
3568:Catholicism portal
3474:Paolo Angelo Ballerini
3462:Carlo Gaetano Gaisruck
3445:Filippo Maria Visconti
3182:Anselmo della Pusterla
3003:Theodorus II (732–746)
2394:"St. Charles Borromeo"
2376:"St. Charles Borromeo"
2284:www.saintcharlespl.com
2095:"St. Charles Borromeo"
2068:"St. Charles Borromeo"
2036:, accessed 14 Dec 2008
1958:Catholic-Hierarchy.org
1615:St. Charles, Minnesota
1580:Turibius of Mongrovejo
1376:
1044:
1033:The huge Saint Charles
968:Guarinus of Palestrina
964:General Roman Calendar
958:. On 1 November 1610,
915:
886:, Borromeo encouraged
884:Protestant Reformation
847:
754:
707:
625:Almo Collegio Borromeo
536:Borromeo received the
467:Protestant Reformation
446:
438:
3963:Witch trials in Italy
3768:Path of Saint Charles
3307:Timoteo Maffei (1454)
3161:Anselmo IV da Bovisio
3143:Tebald da Castiglione
3119:Ariberto da Intimiano
3107:Landulf II of Carcano
3041:Angilbert II Pusterla
3037:Angilbert I (822–823)
3031:St Anselm I (813–818)
2976:St Antonino (669–671)
2946:Constantius (593–600)
2943:Lawrence II (573–592)
2923:St Ausanus (556–559?)
2233:"St Charles Borromeo"
1610:St. Charles, Illinois
1605:St. Charles, Missouri
1495:Borromeo Seminary in
1463:Archdiocese of Manila
1439:Archdiocese of Košice
1370:
1308:Picayune, Mississippi
1063:styled him "a second
1039:in 1697. The work of
1024:
956:Congregation of Rites
913:
841:
752:
697:
567:protonotary apostolic
3898:Archbishops of Milan
3747:St. Charles Seminary
3433:Carlo Gaetano Stampa
3409:Federico II Visconti
3263:Giovanni II Visconti
3113:Arnolfo II da Arsago
2524:at Wikimedia Commons
2426:"St. Charles Parish"
2302:St. Charles Borromeo
2266:stcharlesvisalia.org
2072:Catholic News Agency
1758:Order of Saint Carlo
1677:Pestis Mediolanensis
1502:St. Charles Seminary
1057:Mary, Queen of Scots
844:Francesco Caccianiga
828:Henry Edward Manning
820:Catholic restoration
744:St. John the Baptist
660:Archdiocese of Milan
648:Bartholomew of Braga
613:Tridentine Catechism
18:St. Charles Borromeo
3732:San Carlos Seminary
3525:Carlo Maria Martini
3415:Federico III Caccia
3391:Federico I Borromeo
3356:Filippo II Archinto
3326:Giovanni Arcimboldi
3284:Pietro II di Candia
3254:Cassone della Torre
3230:Enrico I da Settala
3204:Umberto II Crivelli
3187:Robaldo (1135–1145)
3074:Gariberto of Besana
3061:Landulf I (896–899)
2940:Frontone (571–573?)
2626:Aphorisms 1561-1584
2595:Fabiola Giancotti,
2005:Swetnam, Susan H.,
1459:San Carlos Seminary
1049:Henry III of France
850:Though the Diet of
680:archbishop of Milan
676:Giovanni Serbelloni
654:Archbishop of Milan
617:Catechismus Romanus
547:University of Pavia
533:on 2 October 1538.
465:combat against the
463:Counter-Reformation
451:Archbishop of Milan
192:Giovanni Serbelloni
72:Archbishop of Milan
3737:Colegio San Carlos
3531:Dionigi Tettamanzi
3506:Ildefonso Schuster
3347:Ippolito II d'Este
3195:Galdino della Sala
3173:Giordano da Clivio
3149:Anselmo III da Rho
3085:Arderico (936–948)
3034:St Buono (818–822)
3028:Odelpert (803–813)
2952:Asterius (629–639)
2949:Deodatus (601–628)
2565:Chanoine Silvain,
2430:St. Charles Parish
2326:stcharlesbklyn.org
2124:Eminent Victorians
1712:Catholicism portal
1540:Alessandro Manzoni
1473:Colegio San Carlos
1377:
1138:Kingston upon Hull
1117:exist, including:
1113:A large number of
1053:Philip II of Spain
1045:
916:
848:
755:
721:Philip II of Spain
713:Alessandro Farnese
708:
684:Ippolito II d'Este
471:Ignatius of Loyola
361:Rome, Papal States
3888:House of Borromeo
3802:
3801:
3576:
3575:
3421:Giuseppe Archinto
3091:Walpert (953–970)
3088:Adelman (948–953)
3079:Lambert (921–931)
3016:Stabile (748–750)
3013:Arifred (747–748)
2979:St Maurilio (671)
2639:Il Club di Milano
2609:Il Club di Milano
2520:Media related to
2189:. 3 November 2012
2146:www.newadvent.org
2016:978-0-8294-2329-7
1961:. David M. Cheney
1839:Miranda, Salvador
1584:Robert Bellarmine
1536:Ambrosian Library
1532:Federico Borromeo
1130:, Vienna, Austria
1088:Federico Borromeo
1061:Cardinal Baronius
919:to the courts of
791:Queen Elizabeth I
717:Antonio Ghislieri
623:, today known as
447:Carolus Borromeus
428:
427:
292:Margaret d'Medici
16:(Redirected from
3970:
3953:Charles Borromeo
3943:Incorrupt saints
3918:Cardinal-nephews
3855:
3854:
3853:
3843:
3842:
3841:
3831:
3830:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3810:
3794:
3793:
3610:Charles Borromeo
3603:
3596:
3589:
3580:
3566:
3565:
3527:, SJ (1979–2002)
3519:Giovanni Colombo
3385:Gaspare Visconti
3269:Roberto Visconti
3223:Gerardo da Sesso
3082:Elduin (931–936)
3056:Anselmo II Capra
3046:Tadone (860–868)
3022:Thomas (755–783)
2920:Vitale (552–556)
2695:
2688:
2681:
2672:
2576:(Leipzig: 1897).
2574:Realencyklopädie
2555:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2522:Charles Borromeo
2519:
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2294:
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2248:
2239:. Archived from
2229:
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2198:
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2179:
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2156:
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2152:
2138:
2127:
2120:
2114:
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2110:
2101:. Archived from
2091:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2064:
2053:
2043:
2037:
2027:
2018:
2002:
1991:
1986:(1610, England,
1982:Giussano, G.P.,
1980:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1949:
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1942:
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1882:Franciscan Media
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1770:Silent preaching
1766:
1742:
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1721:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1700:
1698:Biography portal
1695:
1694:
1693:
1599:Lewis University
1550:I promessi sposi
1506:Carthagena, Ohio
1268:Nederland, Texas
1102:Noctes Vaticanae
1034:
1011:Pietro Giussanno
1003:Agostino Valerio
976:cardinal-nephews
824:Nicholas Wiseman
797:, a Jesuit, and
736:Council of Trent
629:Justina of Padua
609:Council of Trent
602:Noctes Vaticanae
591:Knights of Malta
431:Charles Borromeo
289:Gilbert Borromeo
268:, Duchy of Milan
262:
239:
237:
221:Personal details
198:Created cardinal
175:4 September 1563
151:Gaspare Visconti
141:Filippo Archinto
82:
61:Charles Borromeo
48:
21:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3863:
3862:
3861:
3851:
3849:
3839:
3837:
3825:
3815:
3813:
3805:
3803:
3798:
3788:
3782:
3756:
3710:
3679:
3638:
3612:
3607:
3577:
3572:
3560:
3556:Catholic Church
3548:
3366:
3341:Ippolito d'Este
3320:Stefano Nardini
3311:Gabriele Sforza
3242:Ottone Visconti
3125:Guido da Velate
3025:Peter (784–803)
2958:
2955:Forte (639–641)
2926:
2704:
2699:
2583:
2546:Borromeo, Carlo
2544:, ed. (1911). "
2540:
2529:
2527:
2512:
2507:
2506:
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2461:
2457:
2448:
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2441:
2437:
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2419:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2398:scborromeo2.org
2392:
2391:
2387:
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2356:
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2338:
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2296:
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2056:
2044:
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2034:Catholic Online
2028:
2021:
2003:
1994:
1981:
1974:
1964:
1962:
1951:
1950:
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1939:
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1918:
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1497:Wickliffe, Ohio
1431:
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1389:
1197:
1192:
1123:
1111:
1097:
1081:Duomo di Milano
1076:
1019:
999:
987:
972:Anselm of Lucca
940:
908:
872:Valle Mesolcina
836:
804:Thomas Goldwell
787:
692:
690:Reform in Milan
656:
575:cardinal-nephew
559:
523:House of Medici
511:Borromean rings
499:Borromeo family
495:
489:on 4 November.
459:Catholic Church
421:
419:Milan Cathedral
362:
360:
359:1 November 1610
347:
339:
316:Catholic Church
295:
277:Milan Cathedral
264:
260:
259:3 November 1584
251:
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233:
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215:Cardinal priest
202:
201:31 January 1560
189:
188:7 December 1563
176:
132:3 November 1584
88:
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59:
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28:
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3547:
3546:
3545:(2017–present)
3540:
3534:
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3509:
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3496:
3490:
3487:Andrea Ferrari
3483:
3477:
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3436:
3430:
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3406:
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3394:
3388:
3382:
3379:Carlo Borromeo
3374:
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3367:
3365:
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3344:
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3335:
3329:
3323:
3317:
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3308:
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3299:
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3019:Leto (751–755)
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2581:External links
2579:
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2570:
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2556:
2542:Chisholm, Hugh
2525:
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2493:
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2417:
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2313:
2289:
2271:
2253:
2224:
2199:
2174:
2157:
2128:
2115:
2083:
2054:
2038:
2019:
2009:, Loyola Press
1992:
1972:
1944:
1937:
1916:
1894:
1864:
1830:
1828:, p. 274.
1805:
1790:
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1594:Columbus, Ohio
1587:
1576:Peter Canisius
1568:
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1346:Milan, Indiana
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998:
995:
986:
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939:
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907:
904:
888:Ludwig Pfyffer
835:
832:
795:Edmund Campion
786:
783:
691:
688:
672:Sistine Chapel
655:
652:
558:
555:
529:36 miles from
494:
491:
469:together with
439:Carlo Borromeo
426:
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416:
412:
411:
380:
376:
375:
372:
368:
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336:
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331:
322:
321:Title as Saint
318:
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314:
310:
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306:
302:
301:
297:
296:
294:
293:
290:
286:
284:
280:
279:
274:
270:
269:
263:(aged 46)
257:
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249:Duchy of Milan
242:
240:2 October 1538
229:
227:
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208:
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51:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3975:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3958:Witch hunters
3956:
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3590:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3551:
3544:
3543:Mario Delpini
3541:
3538:
3535:
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3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
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3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3403:Alfonso Litta
3401:
3398:
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3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3376:
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3369:
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3225:(1211, elect)
3224:
3220:
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3211:
3208:
3205:
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3102:
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3045:
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3036:
3033:
3030:
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3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2971:John the Good
2968:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2901:Eustorgius II
2898:
2895:
2891:
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2877:
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2673:
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2664:
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2659:
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2650:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2635:9788897618133
2632:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2605:9788877708922
2602:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2569:(Milan: 1884)
2568:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2538:
2537:public domain
2526:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2502:
2497:
2494:
2489:
2487:9780754651215
2483:
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2303:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2243:on 2013-06-03
2242:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2213:
2209:
2203:
2200:
2188:
2184:
2178:
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2170:
2169:
2161:
2158:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2119:
2116:
2105:on 2013-11-05
2104:
2100:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2051:0-19-881050-4
2048:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1938:88-7030-891-X
1934:
1930:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1883:
1879:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1826:Chisholm 1911
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1792:
1785:
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1773:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1740:Saints portal
1730:
1727:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1702:
1699:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1652:, Philippines
1651:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1635:, Philippines
1634:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1616:
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1585:
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1577:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1545:The Betrothed
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1469:, Philippines
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:South America
1391:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1373:stained glass
1369:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1350:Ripley County
1347:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
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1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1195:North America
1194:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1167:, Rome, Italy
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1086:His relative
1085:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1042:
1038:
1030:
1029:
1023:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
996:
994:
992:
984:
982:
979:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
950:
946:
937:
935:
933:
928:
926:
922:
912:
905:
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
880:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
856:Three Leagues
853:
845:
840:
833:
831:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
800:
799:Ralph Sherwin
796:
792:
784:
782:
780:
775:
773:
769:
764:
761:
751:
747:
745:
741:
737:
732:
728:
724:
722:
718:
714:
705:
701:
696:
689:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
653:
651:
649:
645:
641:
637:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
605:
603:
599:
594:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
556:
554:
552:
548:
543:
539:
534:
532:
528:
527:Lake Maggiore
524:
520:
516:
512:
509:included the
508:
504:
500:
492:
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
424:
420:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
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373:
369:
366:
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351:
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342:
337:
333:
330:
326:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
298:
291:
288:
287:
285:
281:
278:
275:
271:
267:
258:
254:
250:
246:
228:
224:
219:
216:
213:
209:
206:
200:
196:
193:
187:
183:
180:
179:Federico Cesi
174:
170:
165:
162:
159:
157:Other post(s)
155:
152:
149:
145:
142:
139:
135:
131:
123:
119:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
87:
81:
76:
73:
69:
65:
57:
54:
49:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3609:
3537:Angelo Scola
3499:Eugenio Tosi
3457:sede vacante
3456:
3397:Cesare Monti
3378:
3362:sede vacante
3361:
3221:
2931:Genoa period
2805:$ (355–374)
2790:Eustorgius I
2756:sede vacante
2755:
2743:Castricianus
2737:sede vacante
2736:
2624:
2596:
2590:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2549:
2496:
2476:
2469:
2458:
2447:. Retrieved
2438:
2429:
2420:
2406:
2397:
2388:
2379:
2370:
2361:
2352:
2343:
2334:
2325:
2316:
2305:. Retrieved
2301:
2292:
2283:
2274:
2265:
2256:
2245:. Retrieved
2241:the original
2237:www.ewtn.com
2236:
2227:
2216:. Retrieved
2214:. 2011-10-31
2211:
2202:
2191:. Retrieved
2186:
2177:
2167:
2160:
2149:. Retrieved
2145:
2123:
2118:
2107:. Retrieved
2103:the original
2099:www.ewtn.com
2098:
2075:. Retrieved
2071:
2041:
2033:
2006:
1983:
1963:. Retrieved
1956:
1947:
1928:
1910:
1886:. Retrieved
1884:. 2015-11-04
1881:
1846:
1833:
1800:
1794:
1748:Guastallines
1726:Italy portal
1676:
1565:Orfeo Vecchi
1549:
1543:
1530:His nephew,
1235:, California
1229:, California
1112:
1101:
1100:Besides the
1069:
1046:
1037:Arona, Italy
1025:
1000:
990:
988:
980:
970:and perhaps
949:Clement VIII
945:canonization
941:
929:
917:
881:
849:
842:Painting by
822:in England,
788:
776:
765:
756:
733:
729:
725:
709:
674:by Cardinal
657:
633:
616:
606:
601:
595:
579:Papal States
563:Pope Pius IV
560:
535:
515:Holy Trinity
507:coat of arms
496:
430:
429:
350:Clement VIII
345:Papal States
313:Venerated in
261:(1584-11-03)
185:Consecration
84:Portrait by
53:His Eminence
3878:1584 deaths
3873:1538 births
3833:Catholicism
3696:Karlskirche
3539:(2011–2017)
3533:(2002–2011)
3521:(1963–1979)
3508:(1929–1954)
3501:(1922–1929)
3489:(1894–1921)
3482:(1867–1893)
3476:(1859–1867)
3470:(1847–1859)
3464:(1818–1846)
3453:(1802–1810)
3447:(1784–1801)
3441:(1743–1783)
3435:(1737–1742)
3429:(1712–1737)
3423:(1699–1712)
3417:(1693–1699)
3411:(1681–1693)
3405:(1652–1679)
3399:(1632–1650)
3393:(1595–1631)
3387:(1584–1595)
3381:(1564–1584)
3358:(1556–1558)
3349:(1520–1550)
3343:(1497–1520)
3334:(1488–1497)
3328:(1484–1488)
3322:(1461–1484)
3313:(1454–1457)
3286:(1402–1410)
3271:(1354–1361)
3265:(1342–1354)
3256:(1308–1317)
3244:(1262–1295)
3232:(1213–1230)
3197:(1166–1176)
3184:(1126–1135)
3175:(1112–1120)
3169:(1102–1112)
3163:(1097–1101)
3157:(1093–1097)
3155:Arnolfo III
3151:(1086–1093)
3145:(1075–1080)
3133:(1070–1075)
3127:(1045–1069)
3121:(1018–1045)
3101:Gotofredo I
2963:Middle Ages
2887:Theodorus I
2838:Martinianus
2709:Ancient age
1761: [
1492:, Australia
1424:, Venezuela
1400:, Argentina
1128:Karlskirche
985:Iconography
960:Pope Paul V
896:Switzerland
860:Switzerland
812:Thomas More
810:, who with
808:John Fisher
704:Karlskirche
636:laicization
598:Roman Curia
583:Franciscans
557:Rome period
542:Benedictine
475:Philip Neri
400:catechumens
338:12 May 1602
137:Predecessor
124:12 May 1564
103:Archdiocese
3913:São Carlos
3867:Categories
3778:Sancarlone
3715:Seminaries
3629:São Carlos
3371:Modern age
3167:Grosolanus
3115:(998–1018)
2910:(518–530?)
2894:Lawrence I
2817:Simplician
2792:(343–349?)
2785:(328–343?)
2778:(316–328?)
2771:(313–316?)
2764:(283–313?)
2750:Calimerius
2449:2023-10-12
2307:2021-08-22
2247:2019-06-08
2218:2019-06-08
2193:2016-01-21
2151:2019-06-08
2109:2019-06-08
2077:2019-06-08
1988:HE Manning
1888:2019-06-08
1786:References
1775:Sancarlone
1620:São Carlos
1445:, Slovakia
1429:Seminaries
1258:, New York
1031:(English:
1028:Sancarlone
1007:Barnabites
947:. In 1602
938:Veneration
932:Last Rites
868:Owen Lewis
816:Henry VIII
587:Carmelites
493:Early life
479:seminaries
408:São Carlos
396:catechists
371:Attributes
308:4 November
243:Castle of
236:1538-10-02
172:Ordination
129:Term ended
3821:Biography
3109:(980–998)
3103:(974–979)
3097:(970–974)
3076:(918–921)
3070:(906–918)
3058:(882–896)
3052:(868–881)
3043:(824–859)
3010:(746–747)
3000:(685–732)
2993:(676–685)
2991:Mansuetus
2986:(671–676)
2973:(641–669)
2917:(530–552)
2903:(512–518)
2896:(490–512)
2889:(475–490)
2882:(472–475)
2875:(465–472)
2868:(462–465)
2866:Gerontius
2861:(449–462)
2854:(438–449)
2847:(436–438)
2845:Glycerius
2840:(423–435)
2833:(408–423)
2826:(400–408)
2819:(397–400)
2812:(374–397)
2803:Auxentius
2799:(349–355)
2797:Dionysius
2783:Protasius
2752:(138–191)
2724:Anathalon
2651:catalogue
1660:Guatemala
1650:Cebu City
1542:'s novel
1485:in Rwanda
1418:, Uruguay
1189:, Ireland
1161:, Belgium
1074:Monuments
991:humilitas
952:beatified
900:Appenzell
768:Humiliati
706:, Vienna)
644:Theatines
487:feast day
404:cardinals
379:Patronage
356:Canonized
335:Beatified
329:Confessor
305:Feast day
300:Sainthood
147:Successor
121:Appointed
3684:Churches
3095:Arnulf I
2998:Benedict
2984:Ampelius
2873:Benignus
2859:Eusebius
2824:Venerius
2776:Maternus
2769:Mirocles
2745:(97–138)
2717:Barnabas
2558:A Sala,
1859:53276621
1684:See also
1628:, Canada
1622:, Brazil
1406:, Brazil
1336:Fermeuse
1182:, Vienna
1109:Churches
1095:Writings
876:Roveredo
862:and the
772:arquebus
700:Rottmayr
642:and the
571:cardinal
503:Lombardy
455:cardinal
388:orchards
386:, apple
382:against
363:by
348:by
190:by
177:by
113:Province
97:Catholic
68:Cardinal
3807:Portals
3761:Related
3050:Anspert
3008:Natalis
2880:Senator
2852:Lazarus
2831:Marolus
2810:Ambrose
2733:(63–85)
2726:(53–63)
2719:(50–55)
2647:in the
2641:, 2012)
2613:Spirali
2539::
2510:Sources
1461:of the
1451:of the
1437:of the
1187:Leixlip
1142:England
1065:Ambrose
997:Sources
892:Lucerne
864:Grisons
760:Oblates
670:in the
640:Jesuits
538:tonsure
457:of the
435:Italian
415:Shrines
392:bishops
283:Parents
205:Pius IV
3857:Saints
3643:Others
3617:Places
3131:Attone
3068:Aicone
2915:Dacius
2908:Magnus
2633:
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2533:
2484:
2322:"Home"
2280:"Home"
2262:"Home"
2049:
2014:
1965:20 Jan
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1857:
1477:Bogotá
1467:Makati
1443:Košice
1412:, Peru
1375:window
1348:), in
1121:Europe
1017:Legacy
925:Madrid
779:plague
668:bishop
664:priest
384:ulcers
365:Paul V
325:Bishop
273:Buried
167:Orders
93:Church
3845:Italy
2762:Monas
2731:Caius
2615:2010)
1765:]
1667:Music
1525:Other
1490:Perth
1441:, in
852:Ilanz
621:Pavia
531:Milan
519:Arona
483:saint
443:Latin
266:Milan
245:Arona
116:Milan
107:Milan
56:Saint
3511:St.
3504:Bl.
3485:Bl.
3377:St.
2631:ISBN
2601:ISBN
2482:ISBN
2047:ISBN
2012:ISBN
1967:2013
1933:ISBN
1855:OCLC
1638:The
1582:and
923:and
921:Rome
589:and
545:the
473:and
341:Rome
256:Died
226:Born
211:Rank
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2996:St
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