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were built out of wood, using tongue & groove staves held together with metal bands (the same technology used in wood barrels), 1.82 m (6 ft) diameter, 965.6 m (3,168 ft) long, later replaced in part with fibreglass penstocks. More recently (2010) the penstocks from Coon Pond
454:
System assets associated with the St. Margaret's Bay Hydro System, which represents six generating units with an operating capacity of 10.2 MW, include
Beeswanger Dam, Five Mile Dam and Wing Dam 4, Mack Lake Main Dam, Five Mile Wing Dams 1,2 and 3, Big Indian Dam, Wright's Lake Dam, Coon Pond Dam,
843:
On the
Eastern side of the system, drainage into Wright's Lake and Coon Pond, in addition to surplus water from Pockwock Lake (owned by Halifax Regional Municipality), supplies the Mill Lake Plant. The new Coon Pond Dam has water continually flowing out from a maintenance chute to ensure water is
850:
The total elevation from the highest reservoir to sea level is 134.2 m (440 ft). The St. Margaret's Bay
Hydroelectric System has an annual output of 30 Gigawatt hours of electricity from two .6 MW generators at Mill Lake and two 2.9 MW generators at the Tidewater plant.
443:. The system is part of the East Indian River watershed and drains 271 square kilometres (105 sq mi), with water storage provided in Lunenburg County by Mill Lake, Coon Pond, Sandy Lake, Wrights Lake, Big Indian Lake, Five Mile Lake and, at times, an overflow from
1066:“Gaspereau are important because they bring nutrients from the ocean and the more different types of fish we have in the system, the greater the diversity and productivity, and the healthier the system,” Walmsley said. “They are very beneficial to the ecosystem.”
1039:
Pettipas was working on another project the day the biologist saw the three gaspereau. He headed out to the fish ladder the next day and dipped his underwater live view camera into the fishway. It turns out there were so many gaspereau he didn't need the camera.
839:
Water for the system comes from Five Mile Lake, Big Indian Lake, Sandy Lake, Wrights Lake, Coon Pond, Mill Lake and, at times, overflow from
Pockwock Lake. The two principal storage areas for the Sandy Lake Development are Five Mile Lake and Big Indian Lake.
1036:“It’s awesome, it’s absolutely awesome,” said Darcy Pettipas, the senior environmental technologist who for two weeks had been checking the ladder for signs of the fish. He'd seen speckled trout and smallmouth bass, but no gaspereau.
1026:
On 16 May 16, 1881, an inspector with the then federal
Department of Marine and Fisheries toured the St. Margaret's Bay watershed and noted the lack of fish because dams used for running and milling logs did not have fish ladders.
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But it seems the new fish ladder, through both its design and the 30 cubic feet per second of water that flows through it, created enough white, bubbly water in the river to attract some of the fish to the ladder.
944:. The original Penstocks were built out of wood tongue & groove staves with metal bands, 2.43 m (8 ft) diameter, 1,756.5 m (5,763 ft) long, later replaced in part with fibreglass penstocks.
1056:“Gaspereau tend to go back to spawn in the same river that they’re used to. They imprint on the steam on their way out, and when they come back to spawn, most go up the river they were born in,” Walmsley said.
984:. The original Penstocks were built out of wood tongue & groove staves with metal bands, 3 m (10 ft) diameter, 909.2 m (2,983 ft) long, later replaced in part with fibreglass penstocks.
1046:“We weren’t sure if the gaspereau would come back or not,” said senior environmental scientist Jay Walmsley. That's because it had been generations since gaspereau last spawned in this river system.
455:
Sandy Lake Dam, Sandy Lake and Coon Pond
Pipeline, Mill Lake Plant and Surge Tank, Little Indian Crossover, Mill Lake Dam, Tidewater Plant and Surge Tank, Tidewater Pipeline, as well as associated
1033:
On 17 May 2016 – 135 years and one day after the federal inspector had been there - a field biologist with Nova Scotia Power checked the ladder and spotted three gaspereau in the resting pools.
1518:
487:
There are 19 dams and wing dams of various heights, lengths and construction types holding back the lakes and reservoirs that make up the St. Margaret's Bay
Hydroelectric System:
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Output water from the Sandy Lake and Mill Lake plants then flow into the Mill Lake Head Pond to supply the
Tidewater Plant which outputs at sea level into St. Margaret's Bay.
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The intent of the ladder is to ensure the passage of species of fish that have to migrate to fulfill their life cycles, such as gaspereau and the endangered
Southern Upland
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in fibreglass, a new water surge tank, a new dam at Mill Lake, a new gatehouse and gate at Mill Lake, and new floating booms to keep debris away from the dams.
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Walmsley said this success holds tremendous potential. It's hoped the fish will eventually extend to the whole catchment area of the Indian River.
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427:(two collocated in the same building) and the related lake, dam, and river systems driving them. The system is situated within both
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Sandy Lake
Generating Station was added to the system in 1927. The power house was built beside the Mill Lake Plant. Two vertical
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1043:“We saw many gaspereau throughout the ladder as well as speckled trout, smallmouth bass and a white sucker,” Pettipas said.
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In 2015 Nova Scotia Power invested $ 4 million into building the largest fish ladder in Nova Scotia at the Sandy Lake Dam.
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1053:. Gaspereau swim up the river in the spring to spawn in the still waters of the lake then swim back to sea in the fall.
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Mill Lake 50 m (164.04 ft), Sandy Lake 38 m (124.67 ft), Tidewater 27.9 m (91.54 ft)
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have returned to Indian River on the St. Margaret's Bay Hydro System for the first time in well over 100 years.
1008:
was installed in 1927, and refurbished in 1996. In 2016 it was replaced with a new Surge Tank made of steel and
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Commissioned 8 June 1922, St. Margaret's Bay Hydroelectric System is the oldest hydro plant in Nova Scotia.
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The Generators were made by General Electric Co limited from Peterborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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968:, 2.57 MW (3,446 hp), for a total of 5.14 MW (6,890 hp). Two generators, 3,900
928:, 1.86 MW (2,494 hp), for a total of 2.84 MW (3,810 hp). Two generators, 2,000
883:, 1.42 MW (1,904 hp), for a total of 3.73 MW (5,000 hp). Two generators, 1,600
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always feeding a stream leading to St. Margaret's Bay to maintain fish habitat in the stream.
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The system was upgraded in 2012 with $ 17.8 million of work to replace the old wooden
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to the Mill Lake Station were replaced with black polypropylene, buried underground.
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1235:"New Tower Replacing 89-Year-Old Surge Tank at Mill Lake Powerhouse Near Tantallon"
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units, shaft direct connected to the generators, with individual direct connected
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units, shaft direct connected to the generators, with individual direct connected
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1264:"Swimming against the current: more than a century later, gaspereau are back"
1093:"St.Margarets Bay Hydro-electricity Plants, Green Renewable Power Since 1922"
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St.Margarets Bay Hydro-electricity Plants, Green Renewable Power Since 1922
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Mill Lake 77.4 m (253.9 ft), Sandy Lake 66 m (216.5 ft)
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units, shaft direct connected to the generators, with motor generator set
447:
in the Halifax Regional Municipality. The system is owned and operated by
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1244:. Vol. 28, no. 5. Ocean Breeze Distributions. pp. 1–2
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435:, beginning approximately 2.5 km (1.6 mi) east of the
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1133:. Halifax, NS: Nova Scotia Power Commission. 1930. p. 11
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From the ladder, the fish will make their way to Sandy Lake.
1205:"St Margaret's Bay Power Plant Opens its System to Public"
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Located on the shores of St. Margaret's Bay. Two vertical
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and approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of
1004:
The original 43.9 m (144 ft) tall Sandy Lake
16:
Hydroelectric Generating System in Nova Scotia, Canada
1177:. Nova Scotia Power Inc. 21 December 2018. p. 52
1130:
Eleventh Annual Report - Nova Scotia Power Commission
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1168:"Nova Scotia Power Incorporated Hydro Asset Study"
1400:List of conventional hydroelectric power stations
21:Dam in Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia
1519:Buildings and structures in Halifax, Nova Scotia
93:St. Margaret's Bay Hydroelectric System (Canada)
1175:Nova Scotia Power 2020 Integrated Resource Plan
804:Little Indian Lake Cross-over Control Structure
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867:Located on the Northeast River. Two vertical
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299:Mill Lake, Sandy Lake & Tidewater Plants
1509:Hydroelectric power stations in Nova Scotia
265:271 square kilometres (105 sq mi)
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118:Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia
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821:Mill Lake Head Pond Dam (Tidewater Plant)
247:101,145,000 m (82,000 acreâ‹…ft)
65:Location of second of two power stations
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421:St. Margaret's Bay Hydroelectric System
255:89,180,700 m (72,300 acreâ‹…ft)
27:St. Margaret's Bay Hydroelectric System
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483:Dams, Wing Dams, Spillways, and Canals
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206:C.H. & P.H. Mitchell, of Toronto
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1270:. Nova Scotia Power. 24 May 2016
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1405:Pumped-storage hydroelectricity
578:Big Indian Main Dam (Earthfill)
1203:Ayling, Keith (18 June 2014).
920:, 38.1 m (125.0 ft)
875:, 49.5 m (162.4 ft)
561:Big Indian Main Dam (Concrete)
461:St. Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia
1:
1233:Ayling, Keith (25 May 2016).
960:, 27.9 m (91.5 ft)
908:Sandy Lake Generating Station
743:Wrights Lake Dam and spillway
709:Five Mile Lake Wing Dam No. 4
692:Five Mile Lake Wing Dam No. 3
675:Five Mile Lake Wing Dam No. 2
658:Five Mile Lake Wing Dam No. 1
433:Halifax Regional Municipality
948:Tidewater Generating Station
863:Mill Lake Generating Station
1016:Restoration of Fish Habitat
1000:2016 Surge Tank replacement
789:Wrights Lake Wing Dam No. 3
774:Wrights Lake Wing Dam No. 2
759:Wrights Lake Wing Dam No. 1
527:Sandy Lake Dam and Spillway
437:Head of Saint Margarets Bay
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510:Coon Pond Dam and Spillway
425:hydroelectric power plants
294:27.9 m (91.5 ft)
239:Mill Lake & Sandy Lake
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1343:at St. Margaret's Bay.com
833:Concrete & Earthfill
816:Concrete & Earthfill
754:Concrete & Earthfill
610:Big Indian Wing Dam No. 2
595:Big Indian Wing Dam No. 1
590:Concrete & Earthfill
539:Concrete & Earthfill
522:Concrete & Earthfill
478:Technical characteristics
465:Head of St. Margarets Bay
404:
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1326:Renewable energy portal
1097:www.st-margaretsbay.com
625:Five Mile Lake Main Dam
380:Installed capacity
325:44.691384°N 63.891380°E
179:Construction began
68:Show map of Nova Scotia
1468:Gorlov helical turbine
859:
830:Constructed on bedrock
813:Constructed on bedrock
634:Constructed on bedrock
587:Constructed on bedrock
570:Constructed on bedrock
553:Constructed on bedrock
536:Constructed on bedrock
519:Constructed on bedrock
493:Dam or other Structure
393:Annual generation
198:D.G. Loomis & Sons
187:Construction cost
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374:2 x 6 MW + 2 x 2.9 MW
291:Normal elevation
270:Normal elevation
38:Mill Lake Hydro Plant
341:Commission date
330:44.691384; 63.891380
252:Active capacity
145:44.69145°N 63.8917°W
544:Big Indian Spillway
321: /
286:Mill Lake Head Pond
261:Catchment area
244:Total capacity
141: /
1483:Cross-flow turbine
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459:. Outflow is into
423:consists of three
150:44.69145; -63.8917
96:Show map of Canada
1514:Nova Scotia Power
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1242:The Masthead News
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1444:Hydroelectricity
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899:. The original
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1473:Pelton wheel
1312:Water portal
1272:. Retrieved
1267:
1258:
1246:. Retrieved
1241:
1228:
1216:. Retrieved
1214:. p. 12
1211:
1179:. Retrieved
1174:
1135:. Retrieved
1129:
1100:. Retrieved
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988:2012 Upgrade
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911:
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499:Length (ft.)
496:Height (ft.)
486:
473:
453:
420:
418:
405:
354:Conventional
18:
1488:Water wheel
1415:Micro hydro
1410:Small hydro
1218:16 November
1091:Ford, Tim.
962:static head
922:static head
877:static head
344:8 June 1922
328: /
304:Coordinates
221:Operator(s)
203:Designed by
190:$ 1,700,000
174:Operational
148: /
124:Coordinates
1503:Categories
1420:Pico hydro
1388:generation
1378:Hydropower
1073:References
1010:fiberglass
1006:Surge Tank
918:excitation
738:Earthfill
704:Earthfill
687:Earthfill
670:Earthfill
653:Earthfill
502:Foundation
316:63°53′29″E
313:44°41′29″N
136:63°53′30″W
133:44°41′29″N
1446:equipment
1021:Gaspereau
994:penstocks
972:, 13,200
932:, 13,200
901:penstocks
887:, 13,200
721:Concrete
637:Concrete
573:Concrete
556:Concrete
469:Tantallon
457:headponds
970:kVA each
958:exciters
930:kVA each
885:kVA each
873:exciters
463:between
431:and the
397:30
370:Turbines
211:Owner(s)
195:Built by
182:May 1920
114:Location
1274:9 April
1248:9 April
1181:5 April
1137:8 April
1102:9 April
978:3 phase
938:3 phase
893:3 phase
406:Website
283:Creates
236:Creates
161:Purpose
106:Country
964:, 300
924:, 514
879:, 514
171:Status
109:Canada
1238:(PDF)
1208:(PDF)
1171:(PDF)
982:60 Hz
974:volts
942:60 Hz
934:volts
897:60 Hz
889:volts
533:1,021
505:Type
451:Inc.
384:10.2
215:Emera
165:Power
1276:2020
1250:2020
1220:2014
1183:2020
1139:2020
1104:2020
628:14.5
581:33.3
564:37.9
547:25.1
530:50.5
467:and
419:The
350:Type
1395:Dam
966:rpm
926:rpm
881:rpm
827:830
810:170
777:3.5
749:326
732:460
715:500
698:105
681:165
664:200
648:410
631:695
613:2.5
584:120
567:470
550:430
516:408
399:GWh
1505::
1266:.
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1210:.
1191:^
1173:.
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1012:.
980:,
976:,
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936:,
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891:,
824:20
795:35
780:20
765:20
746:17
712:10
645:20
616:85
601:75
513:32
471:.
386:MW
1370:e
1363:t
1356:v
1278:.
1252:.
1222:.
1185:.
1141:.
1106:.
807:4
792:5
762:4
729:8
695:4
678:4
661:6
598:4
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