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started because of bells attached to collection baskets. The congregation's dissatisfaction with
Handschuh and with Muhlenberg was substantial, involving issues of local versus centralized control by Muhlenberg, their places of origin within Germany, and Muhlenberg's pietistic theological training. A small part of the congregation supporting Muhlenberg formed a new church, calling their own pastor, J. Nicholas Kurtz. In 1762 they regained partial use of St. Michael's building by court order. In 1764 they called another pastor, John Ludwig Voigt, which led to a reconciliation of the congregation.
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The Rev. Andrena Ingram was pastor from 2006-2016. She was the first
African American woman pastor at St. Michael's. Under her guidance the church worked with local charities, reaching out to the diverse Germantown community, including the poor, the sick, and the hungry. The church promoted HIV/AIDS
385:
and replaced by the Rev. Benjamin Keller. Keller resigned about 1837 over disputes on the question of using
English or German during church services, as well as the question of the role of women in the church. Members of the congregation formed the English Evangelical Lutheran Church in Germantown,
280:
Several deeds and land leases were dated between 1737 and 1751 and cover 130 by 1,000 feet (40 by 305 m) about 4 acres, from
Germantown Avenue to the current Musgrave Street, bounded on the northwest by the current East Phil Ellena Street. More than half this area is still occupied by the church
265:
The
Lutheran and Reformed churches had the largest membership in Germantown in the last half of the eighteenth century, with the Lutherans becoming the largest by the end of the century. St. Michael's and other churches were affected by the lack of ordained ministers, who often rode circuits to serve
352:
Germantown's residents had begun assimilating into
American culture and religion during the eighteenth century as German-speakers intermarried with English-speakers and some of their children spoke mainly English. Non-Germans migrated to the village as it grew into a suburb of Philadelphia. During
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In 1745 Muhlenberg assigned the
Germantown and Philadelphia churches to Peter Brunnholz, an ordained minister newly arrived from Germany. After Brunnholtz died, Muhlenberg replaced him in 1757 with John Frederick Handschuh. Handschuh faced a revolt from the congregation in 1760, which ostensibly
315:
and in
Philadelphia proper. The church in Philadelphia, located on 5th Street, was confusingly also called St. Micheal's. Muhlenberg, however, served many other churches, including St. Michael's in Germantown. Charles W. Schaeffer, who was later pastor of St. Michael's Germantown, wrote in his
320:
that the
Germantown church was the fourth church where Muhlenberg became pastor, but that "he treated (it) as an appendage of the church in Philadelphia." Kline states that the Germantown church joined the other three churches in a united congregation three or four months after the others.
447:
and Mt. Airy developed exclusive residential areas along commuter railways. In 1900 only 7.2% of
Germantown's population were German immigrants or first generation German-Americans. Manufacturing jobs continued to grow until the end of World War II, then declined. As part of the
241:
Though Germantown was dominated by Germans from its founding in 1683, the Lutheran denomination did not become well established there until after 1740. Different German religious denominations grew and changed once they came to America. The first settlers were German
378:, and other nearby neighborhoods. A new church was built on the site in 1819 at the same time the old church was being torn down. The bells were damaged during the demolition, so a new bell tower was not constructed. The current building was dedicated in 1897.
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is a small adjacent building built c. 1740, which was used to teach basic reading, writing, and arithmetic to local students. While most students were part of the congregation, some attended simply because it was the closest local school. It was listed on the
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The St. Thomas German Church, which had separated from St. Michael's in 1845, merged back into St. Michael's in 1957 when its Pastor, Kurt E. B. Molzhan, was called to serve at St. Michael's. German services were reinstituted, along with English services.
442:
By 1900 Germantown had become better integrated into the city of Philadelphia and less of a German suburb. Manufacturing plants and housing for workers grew in southern Germantown, with more than 4,000 workers employed by 82 textile firms. To the north,
273:, who is buried in the cemetery. Sometime after 1731 John Christian Schulz may have briefly served the Germantown congregation before returning to Germany seeking support for Pennsylvania Lutherans. John Dylander, the Swedish pastor of
359:, who had immigrated from Germany at age sixteen in 1776, served as pastor of St. Michael's from 1790-1812. On January 1, 1813, one source reports that the congregation voted to conduct the service in English on alternate Sundays.
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was directed. The parsonage was looted during the battle, and the church was occupied with the organ and pews destroyed. The large cemetery which surrounds the church includes graves of several veterans of the Revolutionary War.
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Services continued using only German until 1845 when S. Mosheim Schmucker, who only spoke English, became the new pastor. Members of the congregation who preferred German services formed the St. Thomas German Church.
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of African-Americans from the south, the ethnic character of the neighborhood changed by the mid 20th century. As manufacturing jobs declined, St. Michael's became part of an "inner-city" neighborhood.
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The earliest graves in the cemetery are believed to date from the early eighteenth century, but many early gravestones are in German and are illegible due to weathering and acid rain. Burials include:
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the nineteenth century the assimilation continued and in 1854 the suburb was annexed by Philadelphia. By 1811 the village had Anglo-American Methodist, Presbyterian, and Episcopalian churches.
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366:, one of the first in the United States, was begun in 1817 to teach underprivileged children on a day when they were off from work. The Sunday school program later started branches in
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neighborhood. The congregation was founded sometime before 1728 and three successive church buildings have occupied the same location since that time. The church was closed in 2016.
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Johann Frederick Schmidt served as pastor from 1769, through the Revolutionary War, until 1786. He was an advocate of American independence and fled from the British during the
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393:
The German Reformed church on Market Square experienced similar language conflicts and splintering, until its 1854 transformation into the Market Square Presbyterian Church.
307:, the patriarch of the Lutheran Church in America, was an early pastor after arriving in Pennsylvania in 1742. He was assigned to three churches: in Providence (the current
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408:, near St. Michael's, and served there as Professor of Ecclesiastical History. A new parsonage was constructed in 1855. and a Sunday School building in 1866.
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The first stone church on the site may have been built in 1730. This building was expanded in 1746 and provided with a bell tower and pipe organ in the 1750s.
1609:, 2007, James Flatley and Etienne Jackson with Robert Wood, YouTube. Student film travels from Chestnut Hill south. Overview of the Germantown area based on
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presided at the final service, assisted by the Rev. Dr. Philip D.W. Krey, a former member of the congregation and the retired president of the
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Early History of the Lutheran Church in America: From the Settlement of the Swedes on the Delaware, to the Middle of the Eighteenth Century
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By 2012 the congregation had only about 35 members and the sanctuary was closed during the winter to avoid the cost of heating it.
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from 1737-1742, served many Lutheran churches, both Swedish and German, during this time, including the church in Germantown.
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The church remained active for over 288 years until it closed on September 11, 2016. Bishop Claire Schenot Burkat of the
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for orphans. This institution is still in operation and was originally located two blocks north of St. Michael's.
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Lutheran Ministers of Berks County: Sketches of the Lives of Those who Have Lived and Labored in this County
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in 1836. She worked to raise the role of women in the church and was the founder and first director of the
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The first historical record of the St. Michael's congregation is in 1728 on the death of its first pastor,
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The Rev. John C. Baker served St. Michael's from 1812 to about 1826. In 1826 he was called to a church in
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For the earliest pastors the records may be incomplete and include pastors who served multiple churches.
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400:, was pastor from 1849-1875. Charles W. was the grandson of Frederick David Schaeffer and the author of
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778:. Southeastern Pennsylvania Synod, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. p. 11. Archived from
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building or cemetery though the area from Ross St. to Musgrave St. is occupied by other buildings.
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many churches. It was not until 1790 that a pastor was able to settle his family in Germantown.
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Urban Village Population, Community and Family Structure in Germantown, Pennsylvania, 1683-1800
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Urban Village Population, Community and Family Structure in Germantown, Pennsylvania, 1683-1800
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Urban Village Population, Community and Family Structure in Germantown, Pennsylvania, 1683-1800
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1619:, 2007, James Flatley and Etienne Jackson with Robert Wood, YouTube. From Chelten Avenue south
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St. Michael's Evangelical Lutheran Church, Germantown (now part of Philadelphia), Pennsylvania
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Missionary of Moderation: Henry Melchior Muhlenberg and the Lutheran Church in English America
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Missionary of Moderation: Henry Melchior Muhlenberg and the Lutheran Church in English America
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In 1785 the church was officially incorporated by an Act of Assembly of Pennsylvania.
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McCann, Horace F.; Keyser, Naaman H.; Kain, C. Henry; Garber, John Palmer (1907).
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National Register of Historic Places Nomination; Moak, Jefferson M. (1987).
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Code of the Street: Decency, Violence, and the Moral Life of the Inner City
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714:
612:
Jacob Anthony Hinkle, who built the Mermaid Inn in Chestnut Hill in 1746
1077:. Lancaster, Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania-German Society. pp.
938:
Annals of Philadelphia, and Pennsylvania, in the olden time, Volume 3
426:
church currently on the site was designed by Philadelphia architect
1488:"One man's losing battle to save a historic Philadelphia cemetery"
283:
654:
William Tourison, John Nice, Henry Nice, who were killed at the
461:
awareness and offered free HIV testing and prevention programs.
615:
Mary Elizabeth Hinkle, d. 1742, the earliest legible gravestone
1243:
Genzmer, George Harvey (1935). "Schaeffer, Charles William".
638:
James Witherspoon and four unknown soldiers who died in the
475:. The Synod is now responsible for the church and cemetery.
1281:"Colonial Germantown Historic District (boundary increase)"
1162:
Becoming Old Stock: The Paradox of German-American Identity
430:
and built 1896-1897. It is a contributing building to the
1658:
Historic district contributing properties in Pennsylvania
1613:
by Elijah Anderson. St. Michael's appears briefly at 5:19
1408:"Church of the Week: St. Michael's Evangelical Lutheran"
1338:
Settling Scores: A Life in the Margins of American Music
624:
Hans Jurg Ruger (Rex), who moved to Germantown in 1691
1074:
The Lutheran Church in New Hanover, (Falckner Swamp)
1378:. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 23–26, 110.
1314:
The Great Migration: A City Transformed (1916-1930)
196:
188:
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135:
119:
1459:"Historic Mt. Airy church closes after 288 years"
386:later known as Trinity Lutheran Church, in 1836.
635:, Elizabeth's husband and pastor from 1849-1875
402:Early History of the Lutheran Church in America
318:Early History of the Lutheran Church in America
1668:Religious organizations disestablished in 2016
1539:Weiser, Frederick S.; Smith, Debra D. (1998).
1165:. Princeton University Press. pp. 58–59.
1572:. Augsburg Fortress Publishers. p. 388.
1514:"The closing of St Michael's Lutheran Church"
1059:. Lutheran Board of Publication. p. 143.
1009:Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
913:. Augsburg Fortress Publishers. p. 388.
763:
761:
759:
672:Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia
497:The Rev. Henry Melchoir Muhlenberg, 1743-1745
473:Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia
406:Lutheran Theological Seminary at Philadelphia
8:
1048:
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1027:. Augsburg Fortress Publishers. p. 85.
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661:Twenty other veterans of the U.S. Civil War.
503:The Rev. John Frederick Handschuh, 1751-1753
1653:Gothic Revival architecture in Pennsylvania
1543:. Rockport, Me: Picton Press. p. 448.
1005:NRHP Nomination Form for Beggarstown School
983:. Princeton University Press. p. 361.
885:. Princeton University Press. p. 361.
857:. Princeton University Press. p. 361.
686:, historic school located half a mile south
521:The Rev. John Frederick Weinland, 1786-1789
262:and other groups joined the religious mix.
250:church soon become important in the town.
1481:
1479:
1133:. Bucknell University Press. p. 176.
1106:. Bucknell University Press. p. 160.
769:"History of St. Michael's Lutheran Church"
332:in 1777. The parsonage, now known as the
52:
1453:
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524:The Rev. Frederick D. Schaeffer 1789-1812
518:The Rev. John Frederick Schmidt 1769-1786
488:The Rev. Anthony Jacob Henckel, 1668-1728
214:St. Michael's Evangelical Lutheran Church
680:, historic school attached to the church
569:The Rev. Dr. Charles P. Sigel, 1972-1978
542:The Rev. Frederick A. Kaehler, 1874-1884
539:The Rev. Charles W. Schaeffer, 1849-1875
536:The Rev. S. Mosheim Schmucker, 1846-1848
37:U.S. National Historic Landmark District
832:. Philadelphia: Perkiomen Publishing Co
696:
621:, Baker General to the Continental Army
566:The Rev. Ulrich Martin Keemss 1966-1971
1516:. Philadelphia Sun. September 10, 2016
1154:
1152:
1150:
966:. Central Lutheran League. p. 71.
575:The Rev. Janet S. Peterman, 1982 -2006
572:The Rev. Michael L. Cobbler, 1979-1982
554:The Rev. Stephen M. Paulson, 1911-1921
20:
1406:Edmonds, Arlene (December 14, 2014).
1264:Philadelphia Architects and Buildings
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
563:The Rev. Kurt E. B. Molzhan 1957-1966
515:The Rev. Jacon van Buskirk, 1765-1769
432:Colonial Germantown Historic District
216:is a historic church building in the
201:Colonial Germantown Historic District
7:
1249:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
548:The Rev. Paul G. Klingler, 1890-1891
533:The Rev. John W. Richards, 1836-1845
500:The Rev. Peter Brunnholtz, 1745-1751
299:National Register of Historic Places
1569:Lutherans in America: A New History
1024:Lutherans in America: A New History
1011:, CRGIS, accessed December 2, 2016.
910:Lutherans in America: A New History
684:Concord School House (Philadelphia)
557:The Rev. W. Karl Hemsath, 1922-1952
551:The Rev. S.A. Ziegenfuss, 1892-1910
530:The Rev. Benjamin Keller, 1817-1835
506:The Rev. John C. Andraea, 1753-1754
494:The Rev. Valentine Kraft, 1741-1742
1341:. Sunstone Press. pp. 41–43.
723:Historical Society of Pennsylvania
587:The Rev. Andrena Ingram, 2007-2016
578:The Rev. Arvid Anderson, 1989-1990
14:
1643:Lutheran churches in Pennsylvania
651:Seven veterans of the War of 1812
584:The Rev. Violet Little, 1992-2006
527:The Rev. John C. Baker, 1812-1827
491:The Rev. John Dylander, 1737-1741
1617:Down Germantown Avenue, Part Two
1607:Down Germantown Avenue, Part One
1486:Shea, Jana (February 17, 2012).
1429:Ingram, Andrena (May 24, 2013).
1246:Dictionary of American Biography
977:Grauman Wolf, Stephanie (1980).
879:Grauman Wolf, Stephanie (1980).
851:Grauman Wolf, Stephanie (1980).
581:The Rev. Harvey Davis, 1990-1992
560:The Rev. Leon N. Zahn, 1953-1957
545:The Rev. John P. Deck, 1884-1889
434:, a National Landmark district.
101:
94:
76:
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1127:Riforgiato, Leonard R. (1980).
1100:Riforgiato, Leonard R. (1980).
715:"St. Michael's Lutheran Church"
628:Elizabeth Fry Ashmead Schaeffer
512:The Rev. Ph. H. Rapp, 1757-1765
469:Southeastern Pennsylvania Synod
413:Elizabeth Fry Ashmead Schaeffer
1290:. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
1159:Kazal, Russell Andrew (2004).
1053:Schaeffer, Charles W. (1857).
275:Gloria Dei (Old Swedes) Church
1:
935:Watson, John Fanning (1899).
110:Show map of the United States
29:St. Michael's Lutheran Church
960:Early, John William (1902).
509:The Rev. Mr. Funk, 1754-1757
18:United States historic place
941:. E. S. Stuart. p. 109
829:The Church at Market Square
826:Dotterer, Henry S. (1898).
645:Four other veterans of the
417:Lutheran Home at Germantown
396:Keller's stepson, the Rev.
1684:
1648:Churches completed in 1897
288:Beggarstown School in 1972
1335:Franklin, Joseph (2006).
1268:Athenaeum of Philadelphia
1218:History of Old Germantown
1196:. Trinity Lutheran Church
404:. He helped organize the
357:Frederick David Schaeffer
305:Henry Melchior Muhlenberg
63:
51:
47:
34:
27:
23:
1663:Mount Airy, Philadelphia
1638:Germantown, Philadelphia
1633:Churches in Philadelphia
1566:Granquist, Mark (2015).
1431:"... And Your Point Is?"
1221:. H. F. McCann. p.
1021:Granquist, Mark (2015).
907:Granquist, Mark (2015).
805:"Influences in Religion"
189:Architectural style
85:Show map of Pennsylvania
609:, first pastor, d. 1728
438:20th and 21st centuries
334:Michael Billmeyer House
1611:The Code of the Street
1410:. Philadelphia Tribune
1194:"A History of Trinity"
674:, located 1 mile north
289:
260:German Reformed Church
1316:. Scribe Video Center
1310:"Historical Overview"
1266:(PAB) project of the
807:. The Concordia Trust
607:Anthony Jacob Henckel
287:
271:Anthony Jacob Henckel
58:St. Michael's in 2010
41:Contributing Property
1071:Kline, J.J. (1911).
785:on December 20, 2016
713:Goldsmith, Sarah F.
656:Battle of Gettysburg
640:Battle of Germantown
633:Charles W. Schaeffer
398:Charles W. Schaeffer
330:Battle of Germantown
224:, just north of the
123:6671 Germantown Ave.
1591:See pp. 67–68.
1463:Chestnut Hill Local
647:American Revolution
619:Christopher Ludwick
157:40.0521°N 75.1845°W
153: /
1260:St. Michael Church
869:See pages 211-236.
678:Beggarstown School
411:Schaeffer married
348:Nineteenth century
294:Beggarstown School
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602:Michael Billmeyer
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162:40.0521; -75.1845
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364:Sunday school
362:The church's
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1585:December 2,
1498:December 1,
1435:thebody.com
1228:December 9,
1200:December 9,
1061:See p. 100.
811:December 2,
789:December 9,
313:New Hanover
160: /
136:Coordinates
1627:Categories
1391:January 2,
1354:January 2,
1085:January 2,
990:0691005907
892:0691005907
864:0691005907
719:PhilaPlace
691:References
383:Harrisburg
376:Rising Sun
237:Beginnings
226:Germantown
218:Mount Airy
205:ID66000678
148:75°11′04″W
145:40°03′08″N
1492:NewsWorks
1320:March 22,
301:in 1971.
256:Moravians
248:Mennonite
1559:40550898
1372:(2000).
1007:, 1971,
666:See also
593:Cemetery
372:Nicetown
338:Cliveden
252:Dunkards
246:and the
120:Location
479:Pastors
244:Quakers
232:History
197:Part of
1576:
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258:, the
1288:CRGIS
1284:(PDF)
783:(PDF)
772:(PDF)
658:, and
642:, and
181:Built
1587:2016
1574:ISBN
1555:OCLC
1545:ISBN
1522:2017
1500:2016
1470:2016
1442:2017
1416:2017
1393:2017
1380:ISBN
1356:2017
1343:ISBN
1322:2018
1296:2016
1230:2016
1202:2016
1180:2017
1167:ISBN
1135:ISBN
1108:ISBN
1087:2017
1029:ISBN
985:ISBN
947:2016
915:ISBN
887:ISBN
859:ISBN
838:2017
813:2016
791:2016
730:2016
422:The
184:1897
173:Area
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
