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floors. This allowed easy identification and repair of corroded beams; prevented water intrusion on the facade from damaging the superstructure; and protected the St. Paul
Building from fires that started in other buildings. Portal-arch bracing was used to brace the structure against the wind. The superstructure's steel beams were painted with a special mixture three times before installation: twice at the shops where they were made, and once more at the building site. The beams below ground level were coated with asphalt. The floors were made of tile arches.
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367:-style piers between the windows supporting cornices above every even-numbered story. The 21st story, treated as a transitional story, had engraved panels between each window. A larger cornice projected above the 21st story. The top five stories comprised the "capital" of the building, with the 22nd through 25th floors being visible from the street. Pedestals outside the 22nd story supported either triple-height engraved panels at the building's corners, or triple-height columns separating the windows on each side. The
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424:. There were also plans to construct a "joint foundation" on the southern property line, to be shared with the property to the south. When the southern property owner decided against developing their site, the southern wall was instead reinforced via cantilevers, thus keeping the St. Paul Building's foundations independent of those of other buildings. The jacks had already been ordered, so they were installed anyway.
639:, writing in 1898, characterized the St. Paul and Park Row Buildings as "two domineering structures swear at each other". The unnamed critic characterized the top stories of the St. Paul Building as well designed, compared to the Park Row Building's cupolas. However, the critic also lambasted the "impossible 'realism'" of Bitter's figures on the St. Paul Building's facade, as contrasted with
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the 8th story; another two ran express from the lobby to the 8th story, then served all floors through the 16th; and the final two ran express from the lobby to the 16th story, then served all floors to the 26th. The offices faced outward from a corridor that ran west to east between the stairs and elevators, as well as outward from the elevator lobby. There were two closets on each floor.
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sand and left to sink 9 to 13 inches (230 to 330 mm), after which the ground was deemed stable. This was covered with a 12-inch (300 mm) layer of concrete, spread out over the entire area of the base to evenly distribute the building's weight. Installed above the concrete layer were pairs of steel bases that supported either
565:
The
Committee to Preserve American Art was formed in August 1958 to save works of art in buildings that were planned to be destroyed, particularly the St. Paul Building. The building's sculptures were valued at $ 150,000, and the committee offered to pay for the cost of removing the sculptures, which
491:
building. Post was hired by a member of the
Havemeyer family to design the St. Paul Building. The builders conducted the foundation tests in early 1896, with Post subcontracting engineers to ensure the consistency of the soil. During construction, in May 1896, a girder fell off the facade and killed
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of the St. Paul
Building down to the underlying rock, as with the city's other skyscrapers, the builders only excavated to the layer of sand 31.5 feet (9.6 m) deep, where the subbasement floor was to be located. Test loads of up to 13,000 pounds per square foot (620 kPa) were placed on the
436:
The St. Paul
Building had a single stair on its far eastern end. A bank of six elevators was at its western end, arranged in a quarter-circle from east to south, with an open shaft southeast of the elevators to house their hoisting apparatuses. Two elevators served all the floors from the lobby to
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The facade was cantilevered from the superstructure. Box columns were placed behind the vertical piers of the facade. The masonry and windows in each of the bays were supported by parallel columns and perpendicular I-beams, which in turn were cantilevered at the ends of the girders underneath the
509:
was an associate editor after he served as U.S. president. As early as 1919, the
Havemeyers were considering selling the St. Paul Building, valued at the time at $ 1.49 million. However, the St. Paul Building remained in the possession of the Havemeyer family until April 1943, when it was
419:
The original plans called for hydraulic jack screws to be installed at the bottom of the columns, which could raise the entire building's 15,000-short-ton (13,000-long-ton; 14,000 t) weight. The hydraulic jacks were to be installed because the designers and engineers wanted to prevent the
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to the north, and other buildings to the east and south. The lot had dimensions of 28 feet (8.5 m) on
Broadway, 39 feet (12 m) on Park Row, 83 feet (25 m) on Ann Street, 54 feet (16 m) on the east, and 104 feet (32 m) on the south. It was at the southeast corner of the
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separated from the shaft by a transitional story. The eastern and southern facades were made of brick and not ornamented. The rear (eastern) portion of the building was 22 floors tall and set back by 20 feet (6.1 m) from the lot line on Ann Street.
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601:, described as the "grand old man of Indiana art", had presented a plan to move the sculptures and part of the St. Paul Building's lower facade to Holliday Park. Before Indianapolis won the sculptures, Taflinger had proposed moving them to
625:
Reviews of the St. Paul
Building were mostly negative. One critic characterized it as having "perhaps the least attractive design of all New York's skyscrapers", second only to the Shoe & Leather Bank Building at Broadway and
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stated in 1897 that "in execution it has the look of arbitrariness and caprice which is always unfortunate in a work of architecture, and which is, perhaps, especially injurious in a tall building". Another critic for the
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609:. The statues were removed in early 1959. After sitting in boxes for two years, the sculptures were installed in Holliday Park in 1960, atop columns made specifically to house them, as part of a grouping called
586:—made requests for the sculptures. Another proposal called for moving the sculptures to Bitter's home country of Austria. Because of the great demand for the sculptures, Western Electric agreed to save them.
613:. However, the sculptures and facade then became dilapidated, and by 1970, Western Electric had expressed regret at the decision to give the sculptures and facade to Indianapolis. The facade and the rest of
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a passerby. The St. Paul
Building was completed in 1898 at a cost of $ 1,089,826.10 (equivalent to $ 40 million in 2023). The building was one of New York City's tallest upon its completion; only the
549:. In 1957, Western Electric started planning its own structure diagonally across Broadway and Fulton Street, at the site of the St. Paul Building. By the time demolition was underway by 1959, it was the
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in the world. The 31-story building at 222 Broadway, which replaced the St. Paul
Building, was completed in 1962. Western Electric put 222 Broadway for sale in October 1983, and it was purchased by
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Post himself was opposed to skyscrapers of over 300 feet (91 m), even including the St. Paul Building, due to his concerns that wind and fire could overcome such tall structures. As he told
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below. The superstructure was designed to allow easy identification and replacement of the beams. The building was occupied mostly by offices, with six elevators inside.
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under the St. Paul Building was at a depth of 86.5 feet (26.4 m). The ground above the bedrock was overlaid with extremely fine, compact, clean sand, and a
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
1914:
1577:
1493:
1219:
3615:
3463:
3013:
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2013:
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1331:
1283:
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1880:
73:
4855:
1979:
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1001:
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1544:"Havemeyers Ready To Sell Valuable Realty Holdings: St. Paul Building on Broadway and Block on Prince Street Said To Be Under Sale Negotiations"
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were cleaned up and formally dedicated in 1973. After another period of deterioration, the St. Paul Building facade was restored again in 2016.
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and completed in 1898, it was one of the tallest skyscrapers in New York City upon its completion, at 26 stories and 315 feet (96 m).
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called the St. Paul Building "mediocre", as compared with other skyscrapers like the "detestable" Park Row Building or the "interesting"
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bought the St. Paul Building for cash. At the time it was assessed at $ 1.154 million, with an annual rent income of $ 150,000.
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
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panels in the building were also elaborate. The 26th floor was hidden by the parapet at the top of the building, and lit by
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1612:"Webb & Knapp Sell Broadway Corner Holding: Chase Bank Buys 26-Story St. Paul Building, Rounding Out Blockfront Site"
1494:"Steel Inquiry to-day in Outlook Office; Special Session of Government Quest for a Trust to be Held to Examine Roosevelt"
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on the site demonstrated that pumping out the groundwater caused minimal disruption to the sand. Instead of carrying the
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was the architect, Robinson and Wallace was the general contractor J. B. & J.M. Cornell was the steel contractor.
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1220:"Fire Test on a Sky Scraper; Stand Pipe in the St. Paul Building Burst After Stream Had Been Operating Four Minutes"
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demonstrated the strength of the standpipe in an 1899 test where the pipe burst after four minutes of operation.
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1578:"Havemeyer Estate Sells 3 Holdings; Webb & Knapp Buy Buildings on Lower Broadway, Fifth Ave. and Liberty St"
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commented that the St. Paul Building had offered Post "the occasion to say 'I told you so' at his own expense".
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The St. Paul Building had 26 stories and was 315 feet (96 m) tall. It also contained two basement levels.
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1881:"Threatened Art Finds a Champion; Committee Is Set Up Here -- St. Paul Building's Stone Figures Will Be Saved"
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in the corner of Broadway and Ann Street. The chamfer is preserved in the lot line of the modern 222 Broadway.
1002:"26-Story Building in Downtown Sale; 220 Broadway Bought by Chase National Bank for Cash and 41 West 34th St"
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1332:"Disastrous Fire; Total Destruction of Barnum's American Museum. Nine Other Buildings Burned to the Ground"
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The 26th floor was used as a utility floor. This floor contained the building's water tank. The building's
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1915:"A City, 3 Colleges Ask for Statues; Seek Stone Figures to Be Salvaged From St. Paul Building on Broadway"
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1664:"Bell System Unit Plans Own Home; Western Electric Co. Takes Options on Blockfront on Broadway at Fulton"
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system used an extremely high pressure, so about 333 feet (101 m) of vertical piping was used. The
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above the 1st, 2nd, and 4th floors. On the Broadway side, above the 1st floor, were three sculptures by
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1980:"About New York; Karl Bitter's Statuary on St. Paul Building May Be Offered Austria, Which Exiled Him"
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658:, he ironically had been involved in two buildings that had introduced skyscraper innovations: the
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Building. A part of the facade, including Bitter's sculptures, remains extant at Holliday Park in
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2014:"About New York; The Future of Heroic Statues of '96 to Be Settled by Architecture Group Today"
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holding up parts of the building, namely a Black person, a white person, and a Chinese person.
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1732:"New Western Electric Building Blends With Diverse Neighbors; New Building Is a Good Neighbor"
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Between the 5th and 20th stories, the facade was split into eight double-story sections, with
2119:"Karl Bitter, Elmer Taflinger, and the Holliday Park Ruins - All Things Indianapolis History"
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The first four stories comprised the "base" of the building, and had rusticated blocks, with
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five-pointed intersection of Broadway, Park Row, and Ann Street, and was immediately east of
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could run up to $ 50,000. Several organizations and entities in the United States—including
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2277:"Limit of High Buildings; Views of Mr. Post, Personally Opposed to Sky-Scraping Structures"
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The facade, cantilevered from the superstructure, contained several sets of double-height
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545:, immediately to the southwest, in the 1950s, having made significant profits during the
473:, which burned down in 1865. The site was then developed as the old headquarters of the
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of these facades consisted of three horizontal sections similar to the components of a
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A section of the St. Paul Building's facade, preserved in Holliday Park, Indianapolis
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During the early 20th century, notable tenants at the St. Paul Building included
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1365:"Must Be Quickly Razed; Seventy Days for Destruction of the Old Herald Building"
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268:. The St. Paul Building was demolished in 1958 in order to make way for the
238:
1644:. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. July 25, 2006. p. 8
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1254:"Stand-pipe Bursts: a Fire-fighting Test at the St. Paul Building Spoiled"
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New York City Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications
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Prior to the St. Paul Building's construction, the site was occupied by
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for $ 950,000 in January 1895. That May, demolition commenced on the
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2252:"American Architecture from a Foreign Point of View: New York City"
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building, the first to use fireproof floors upon iron cages. The
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or short columns carrying the cantilever girders to shore up the
1284:"The Real Estate Field; Why Record Statistics Are Without Value"
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The Real Estate Record: Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide
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The Real Estate Record: Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide
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Ultimately, Indianapolis won the sculptures in November 1958.
1954:"How 'The Ruins' at Holliday Park took decades to complete"
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Postal card showing the St. Paul Building in the background
356:, titled "Racial Unity.” The figures depicted three stone
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222 Broadway, the former headquarters of Western Electric
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The St. Paul Building filled a five-sided lot bounded by
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Roosevelt, Theodore (1909). Alfred Emanuel Smith (ed.).
1086:"Preliminary Foundation Tests for the St. Paul Building"
643:'s sculptures on the Park Row Building's facade. Critic
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shared with other buildings. The foundation did not use
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designed the sculptures above the building's entrance.
801:. Emporis. Archived from the original on May 7, 2016
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1115:"Hydraulic Jacks as Part of a Permanent Foundation"
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2574:Firehouse, Engine Company 10 and Ladder Company 10
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1771:. Archived from the original on September 15, 2021
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1698:"Smashingest Hit in Town: Boom in House Wrecking"
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416:, because the sand was already highly compacted.
5279:Demolished buildings and structures in Manhattan
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1844:"Real Estate; Downtown, New Offices Are Renting"
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1461:"Historic Structures Report: Park Row Building"
256:in 1895. The St. Paul Building was named after
237:-style colonnades, as well as a group of three
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2047:"Old Broadway Statues Will Go to Indianapolis"
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324:Facade of the St. Paul Building, seen in 1901
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4018:111, 115 (Trinity and United States Realty)
1639:"American Telephone and Telegraph Building"
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2619:Trinity and United States Realty Buildings
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2370:(1025): 962–964. June 5, 1897 – via
2329:Rise of the New York Skyscraper, 1865–1913
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3464:Leadership and Public Service High School
2989:Federal Reserve Bank of New York Building
2235:(1589): 287. August 27, 1898 – via
479:, which was placed for sale in 1894. The
5289:Skyscraper office buildings in Manhattan
3359:Queen Elizabeth II September 11th Garden
2333:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
1439:"The Tallest of Modern Office Buildings"
328:The western, northwestern, and northern
16:Former skyscraper in Manhattan, New York
2325:Landau, Sarah; Condit, Carl W. (1996).
783:
760:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
696:
551:tallest voluntarily demolished building
252:The building site was purchased by the
5274:Commercial buildings completed in 1898
2380:"The St. Paul Building, New York City"
1782:
812:
793:
791:
789:
787:
662:, the first to use elevators, and the
4153:457–459 (A. J. Dittenhofer Warehouse)
1874:
1872:
1842:Garbarine, Rachelle (April 8, 1992).
1278:
1276:
758:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
572:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
7:
5254:1898 establishments in New York City
3459:High School of Economics and Finance
3130:Knickerbocker Trust Company Building
3009:Keuffel & Esser Company Building
2924:Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House
1468:National Register of Historic Places
4516:Trump International Hotel and Tower
2929:American Bank Note Company Building
2599:St. George's Syrian Catholic Church
1952:Mitchell, Dawn (January 25, 2019).
3469:LĂ©man Manhattan Preparatory School
2674:St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church
2589:Old New York Evening Post Building
2012:Berger, Meyer (November 7, 1958).
1978:Berger, Meyer (December 2, 1957).
1532:. Outlook Publishing Company, Inc.
14:
4911:Eighth Street–New York University
3135:Manhattan Life Insurance Building
2609:St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church
1823:from the original on May 24, 2015
1398:"Killed at the St. Paul Building"
603:Indiana University Medical Center
496:, completed in 1899, was taller.
4994:64-70 (Manhattan Life Insurance)
4791:116th Street–Columbia University
3195:Western Union Telegraph Building
3034:New York Stock Exchange Building
2979:Excelsior Power Company Building
2534:American Stock Exchange Building
2401:
2176:"The Tall Buildings of New York"
2096:
1913:Knox, Sanka (November 8, 1958).
1714:
1560:
1421:
933:
29:
5144:1411 (Metropolitan Opera House)
4941:Van Cortlandt Park–242nd Street
4626:3333 (Riverside Park Community)
2669:Perelman Performing Arts Center
1879:Knox, Sanka (August 10, 1958).
1696:Saffron, Paul (June 11, 1959).
923:. October 26, 1958. p. 778
210:, at the southeast corner with
143:
135:
5039:222 (Barnum's American Museum)
4896:Cathedral Parkway–110th Street
3510:Federal Hall National Memorial
2984:Federal Hall National Memorial
2839:56 Beaver Street (Delmonico's)
2544:Bowling Green Offices Building
1619:. August 17, 1943. p. 26A
1474:. November 16, 2005. p. 6
483:building was purchased by the
1:
5214:1865 (Museum of Biblical Art)
4586:2429 (Murray's Sturgeon Shop)
4497:Buildings (Columbus Circle –
4429:1650 (Ellen's Stardust Diner)
4300:1352 (Greenwich Savings Bank)
1550:. October 8, 1919. p. 23
1449:(24): 410. December 24, 1898.
917:"Everybody wants the statues"
446:New York City Fire Department
5139:1392 (Knickerbocker Theatre)
4424:1634 (Winter Garden Theatre)
4191:Buildings (Houston Street –
3004:John Street Methodist Church
2949:Chamber of Commerce Building
2594:Robert and Anne Dickey House
752:American Antiquarian Society
732:American Antiquarian Society
637:Real Estate Record and Guide
632:Real Estate Record and Guide
332:were made of limestone. The
5129:1185 (Fifth Avenue Theatre)
5094:728 (Church of the Messiah)
4856:59th Street–Columbus Circle
4668:4967 (Good Shepherd Church)
4464:1764 (224 West 57th Street)
3871:Manhattan Community Board 1
3693:Downtown Manhattan Heliport
3540:New York City Police Museum
3489:Pine Street School New York
3029:New York City Police Museum
2094:– via newspapers.com
2086:. March 6, 1959. p. 58
1765:"Western Electric Building"
1712:– via newspapers.com
1558:– via newspapers.com
1419:– via newspapers.com
1404:. May 23, 1896. p. 8.
1261:. March 13, 1899. p. 5
931:– via newspapers.com
5305:
5229:St. Teresa of Avila Church
5069:Church of the Divine Unity
4861:66th Street–Lincoln Center
4636:3939 (Children's Hospital)
4444:1697 (Ed Sullivan Theatre)
4333:Buildings (Times Square –
4315:1466 (Knickerbocker Hotel)
4133:346 (Former New York Life)
3968:11 (Bowling Green Offices)
3530:Museum of American Finance
2357:"The Most Modern Instance"
5284:Sculptures by Karl Bitter
5184:Jack Dempsey's Restaurant
5134:1372 (Fair Waist Company)
5119:1115 (Legnam Corporation)
5099:728 (New Theatre Comique)
5089:673 (Grand Central Hotel)
4974:New York Produce Exchange
4969:
4958:
4846:34th Street–Herald Square
4801:137th Street–City College
4781:
4768:
4701:
4690:
4506:
4491:
4469:1780 (Central Park Tower)
4459:1745 (Random House Tower)
4414:1605 (Crowne Plaza Hotel)
4342:
4327:
4200:
4185:
3948:
3929:
3865:
3668:Battery Maritime Building
3577:
3566:
3535:Museum of Jewish Heritage
3520:George Gustav Heye Center
3447:
3436:
3334:Elizabeth H. Berger Plaza
3254:
3243:
3155:New York Tribune Building
3150:New York Produce Exchange
3115:Hanover National Building
2954:Continental Bank Building
2679:Vehicular Security Center
2475:
2464:
2451:
1789:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
819:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
664:New York Produce Exchange
40:
28:
5074:507 (St. Nicholas Hotel)
4936:Times Square–42nd Street
4926:Marble Hill–225th Street
4673:5069 (Seaman-Drake Arch)
4611:2880 (Goddard Institute)
4561:2175 (Hotel Belleclaire)
4474:1790 (5 Columbus Circle)
3621:South Ferry/Whitehall St
3249:Other points of interest
3075:Barnum's American Museum
2934:American Surety Building
2309:Landau & Condit 1996
2209:Landau & Condit 1996
2152:Friends of Holliday Park
1805:"A.T.& T.; Building"
1207:Landau & Condit 1996
1141:Landau & Condit 1996
1062:Landau & Condit 1996
1045:Landau & Condit 1996
982:Landau & Condit 1996
857:Landau & Condit 1996
649:American Surety Building
605:or to a bridge over the
471:Barnum's American Museum
5224:4260 (Coliseum Theatre)
4439:1681 (Broadway Theatre)
4378:1535 (Marriott Marquis)
4352:1475 (One Times Square)
4275:1260 (Martinique Hotel)
4113:290 (Ted Weiss Federal)
4098:277 (Broadway–Chambers)
4061:Trinity Church Cemetery
4033:165 (One Liberty Plaza)
3318:Austin J. Tobin Plaza‎‎
3160:New York World Building
3095:Equitable Life Building
3090:City Investing Building
3039:New York Times Building
2944:Broad Exchange Building
2614:Transportation Building
2390:: 310–312. May 7, 1896.
2250:Schopfer, Jean (1900).
2197:Real Estate Record 1897
1617:New York Herald-Tribune
1319:Real Estate Record 1897
1192:Real Estate Record 1897
660:Equitable Life Building
182:Design and construction
5189:1645 (Capitol Theatre)
5169:1567 (Central Theatre)
5109:1101 (Albemarle Hotel)
5104:881 (Arnold Constable)
4621:3009 (Barnard College)
4479:240 Central Park South
4434:1633 (Paramount Plaza)
4393:1560 (Embassy Theatre)
4230:828 (Strand Bookstore)
4158:462 (Mills & Gibb)
4148:395 (Pearl River Mart)
3611:Rector St/Greenwich St
3474:Millennium High School
3364:Vietnam Veterans Plaza
3344:Imagination Playground
3065:Alexander Macomb House
2629:Trinity Court Building
2564:Downtown Athletic Club
2539:Barclay–Vesey Building
1670:. September 18, 1957.
1125:: 1–2. April 18, 1896.
594:
561:Preservation of facade
555:Swiss Bank Corporation
531:
514:. In August 1943, the
466:
325:
5174:1579 (Strand Theatre)
5159:1500 (Hotel Claridge)
5154:1481 (Rialto Theatre)
5114:1107 (McCrory Stores)
5084:663 (Canterbury Hall)
5059:472 (Mechanics' Hall)
4678:5141 (Allen Hospital)
4546:2124 (Beacon Theatre)
4409:1585 (Morgan Stanley)
4398:1564 (Palace Theatre)
4347:1472 (4 Times Square)
4305:Holy Innocents Church
4163:488 (E. V. Haughwout)
4013:100 (American Surety)
3993:65 (American Express)
3479:New York Film Academy
3354:Louise Nevelson Plaza
2969:Down Town Association
2123:Historic Indianapolis
2053:. November 20, 1958.
1627:– via ProQuest.
1472:National Park Service
1269:– via ProQuest.
1177:Engineering News 1896
1158:Engineering News 1896
897:Engineering News 1896
878:Engineering News 1896
592:
580:Indianapolis, Indiana
529:
464:
323:
89:40.71111°N 74.00861°W
5259:Broadway (Manhattan)
5219:1981 (Dauphin Hotel)
5164:1537 (Astor Theatre)
5014:165 (City Investing)
5004:120 (Equitable Life)
4999:113–119 (City Hotel)
4663:4881 (Dyckman House)
4658:4140 (United Palace)
4606:2626 (Metro Theater)
4571:First Baptist Church
4511:Deutsche Bank Center
4280:1300 (Hotel McAlpin)
4123:305 (Mutual Reserve)
4078:253, 256 (Home Life)
4068:Transportation (225)
4028:140 (Marine Midland)
3739:Church/Trinity Place
3616:Rector St/Trinity Pl
3550:South Street Seaport
3385:Brasserie Les Halles
3185:Tontine Coffee House
3165:Pearl Street Station
2999:Home Insurance Plaza
2519:125 Greenwich Street
2410:at Wikimedia Commons
2256:Architectural Review
1811:. October 26, 1983.
1500:. January 22, 1913.
578:, and the cities of
457:Construction and use
164:315 feet (96 m)
129:Construction started
5029:195 (Western Union)
4921:Inwood–207th Street
4631:Intercession Church
4576:2350 (Bretton Hall)
4403:1566 (TSX Broadway)
4043:200 (Fulton Center)
4008:75 (Trinity Church)
3698:Wall Street Skyport
3658:Pier 11/Wall Street
2914:170–176 John Street
2719:1 Wall Street Court
2514:94 Greenwich Street
2509:88 Greenwich Street
2311:, pp. 241–242.
2084:New York Daily News
1738:. August 26, 1962.
1702:New York Daily News
1443:Scientific American
1290:. January 6, 1895.
1160:, pp. 310–311.
1096:: 388. May 2, 1896.
1008:. August 17, 1943.
921:New York Daily News
799:"St. Paul Building"
680:List of skyscrapers
584:Rochester, New York
568:Columbia University
516:Chase National Bank
408:, as in the nearby
94:40.71111; -74.00861
85: /
55:General information
5264:Former skyscrapers
5079:Metropolitan Hotel
5024:176 (Howard Hotel)
4756:Van Cortlandt Park
4601:School at Columbia
4383:1540 (Bertelsmann)
4310:Times Square Tower
4270:1232 (Grand Hotel)
4225:800 (Grace Church)
4215:721 (Tisch School)
3988:61 (Adams Express)
3673:Whitehall Terminal
3648:World Trade Center
3626:Wall St/William St
3410:Rolfe's Chop House
3200:World Trade Center
3100:Gillender Building
2974:Equitable Building
2959:Continental Center
2639:World Trade Center
2634:Whitehall Building
2579:James Watson House
2445:Financial District
2281:The New York Times
2186:: 841. March 1898.
2051:The New York Times
2018:The New York Times
1984:The New York Times
1919:The New York Times
1885:The New York Times
1848:The New York Times
1809:The New York Times
1736:The New York Times
1668:The New York Times
1582:The New York Times
1498:The New York Times
1402:The New York Times
1369:The New York Times
1336:The New York Times
1288:The New York Times
1226:. March 13, 1899.
1224:The New York Times
1119:American Architect
1090:Engineering Record
1006:The New York Times
668:Real Estate Record
656:The New York Times
621:Critical reception
595:
532:
507:Theodore Roosevelt
467:
326:
303:to the northwest,
216:Financial District
5241:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5202:Iridium Jazz Club
5179:1600 (Studebaker)
4984:39 (Macomb House)
4954:
4953:
4764:
4763:
4686:
4685:
4536:2100 (Apple Bank)
4487:
4486:
4323:
4322:
4250:Flatiron Building
4181:
4180:
4083:258 (Rogers Peet)
4056:St. Paul's Chapel
3978:26 (Standard Oil)
3953:U.S. Custom House
3877:
3876:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3562:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3545:Skyscraper Museum
3432:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3339:Hudson River Park
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3170:St. Paul Building
3145:Mortimer Building
3044:Park Row Building
2899:150 Nassau Street
2874:90–94 Maiden Lane
2789:28 Liberty Street
2769:20 Exchange Place
2695:East of Broadway/
2604:St. Paul's Chapel
2480:West of Broadway/
2408:St. Paul Building
2406:Media related to
2340:978-0-300-07739-1
2283:. July 14, 1895.
2180:Munsey's Magazine
1958:Indianapolis Star
1584:. April 1, 1943.
1338:. July 14, 1865.
703:Park Row forms a
494:Park Row Building
414:150 Nassau Street
410:Park Row Building
310:St. Paul's Chapel
258:St. Paul's Chapel
200:St. Paul Building
196:
195:
169:Technical details
156:$ 40 million
49:St. Paul's Chapel
24:St. Paul Building
5296:
5019:169–171 (Gilsey)
4979:Government House
4960:
4770:
4696:Parks and plazas
4692:
4646:Audubon Ballroom
4493:
4388:1552 (I. Miller)
4372:Minskoff Theatre
4362:1501 (Paramount)
4329:
4295:1328 (Marbridge)
4260:1181 (Baudouine)
4187:
4173:561 (Scholastic)
3931:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3881:
3631:Wall St/Broadway
3579:
3568:
3449:
3438:
3311:Parks and plazas
3259:Arts and culture
3256:
3245:
3110:Government House
3058:Former buildings
2939:Bennett Building
2919:250 Water Street
2909:161 Water Street
2859:63 Nassau Street
2739:5 Beekman Street
2734:2 New York Plaza
2724:1 William Street
2709:1 New York Plaza
2704:1 Hanover Square
2524:130 Cedar Street
2477:
2466:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2415:
2405:
2391:
2384:Engineering News
2375:
2361:
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1607:
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1600:
1598:
1596:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1555:
1548:New-York Tribune
1540:
1534:
1533:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1490:
1484:
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1328:
1322:
1316:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1259:New-York Tribune
1256:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1195:
1189:
1180:
1174:
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1111:
1098:
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1059:
1048:
1042:
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1024:
1022:
1020:
998:
985:
979:
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938:
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928:
913:
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894:
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824:
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806:
795:
771:
770:
768:
766:
755:
749:
735:
729:
714:
708:
701:
539:Western Electric
505:magazine, where
485:Havemeyer family
270:Western Electric
254:Havemeyer family
204:early skyscraper
100:
99:
97:
96:
95:
90:
86:
83:
82:
81:
78:
33:
21:
5304:
5303:
5299:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5244:
5243:
5242:
5233:
5209:1678 (Birdland)
5197:Beltone Studios
5064:Theatre Comique
4965:
4950:
4777:
4775:Subway stations
4760:
4746:Columbus Circle
4697:
4682:
4502:
4483:
4368:One Astor Plaza
4338:
4335:Columbus Circle
4319:
4196:
4177:
4093:270 (Tower 270)
4073:233 (Woolworth)
4048:Corbin Building
4023:120 (Equitable)
3944:
3925:
3908:
3878:
3873:
3853:
3702:
3686:Other transport
3681:
3583:
3573:
3554:
3515:Fraunces Tavern
3505:China Institute
3493:
3484:Pace University
3443:
3424:
3420:The Dead Rabbit
3405:Fraunces Tavern
3373:
3306:
3286:Four Continents
3250:
3231:
3175:Singer Building
3125:Kemble Building
3105:Gilsey Building
3053:
3049:Potter Building
2994:Fraunces Tavern
2964:Corbin Building
2904:161 Maiden Lane
2884:120 Wall Street
2879:116 John Street
2834:55 Water Street
2824:55 Broad Street
2809:45 Broad Street
2779:25 Water Street
2759:17 State Street
2749:15 Broad Street
2696:
2690:
2569:Empire Building
2559:Cunard Building
2481:
2471:
2460:
2447:
2442:
2398:
2378:
2359:
2355:
2341:
2324:
2321:
2316:
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2293:
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2207:
2203:
2195:
2191:
2174:
2173:
2166:
2156:
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2138:
2128:
2126:
2117:
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2107:
2095:
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2073:
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1941:
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1911:
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1437:
1436:
1432:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1371:. May 1, 1895.
1363:
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1346:
1330:
1329:
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1317:
1310:
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1298:
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828:
811:
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797:
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785:
780:
775:
774:
764:
762:
757:
747:
739:McCusker, J. J.
737:
727:
719:McCusker, J. J.
717:
715:
711:
702:
698:
693:
688:
676:
641:J. Massey Rhind
628:Chambers Street
623:
599:Elmer Taflinger
563:
524:
476:New York Herald
459:
454:
430:
381:
318:
282:
220:Lower Manhattan
93:
91:
87:
84:
79:
76:
74:
72:
71:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5302:
5300:
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5281:
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5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
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5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5124:Hotel Victoria
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5054:346 (Appleton)
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5034:220 (St. Paul)
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4970:
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4955:
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4951:
4949:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4906:Dyckman Street
4903:
4898:
4893:
4888:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
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4823:
4818:
4813:
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4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4773:
4766:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4759:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4731:Greeley Square
4728:
4726:Madison Square
4723:
4718:
4716:City Hall Park
4713:
4708:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4695:
4688:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4654:
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4651:Shabazz Center
4648:
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4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4566:2201 (Apthorp)
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4541:2109 (Ansonia)
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4507:
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4496:
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4015:
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4000:
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3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3941:Houston Street
3934:
3927:
3926:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3899:
3892:
3884:
3875:
3874:
3866:
3863:
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3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3587:
3585:
3575:
3574:
3572:Transportation
3571:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
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3537:
3532:
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3425:
3423:
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3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3381:
3379:
3378:Food and drink
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
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3361:
3356:
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3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
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3222:
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3212:
3207:
3197:
3192:
3190:Tower Building
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3140:Mills Building
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3080:Blair Building
3077:
3072:
3067:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3024:Morse Building
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
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2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2869:75 Wall Street
2866:
2864:70 Pine Street
2861:
2856:
2854:63 Wall Street
2851:
2849:60 Wall Street
2846:
2844:56 Pine Street
2841:
2836:
2831:
2829:55 Wall Street
2826:
2821:
2816:
2814:48 Wall Street
2811:
2806:
2804:40 Wall Street
2801:
2799:37 Wall Street
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2774:23 Wall Street
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2744:14 Wall Street
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2700:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2684:Westfield Mall
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2624:Trinity Church
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2549:Castle Clinton
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2504:90 West Street
2501:
2496:
2494:21 West Street
2491:
2485:
2483:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2462:
2461:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2433:
2426:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2397:
2396:External links
2394:
2393:
2392:
2376:
2353:
2339:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2301:
2265:
2242:
2222:"The Park Row"
2213:
2211:, p. 256.
2201:
2199:, p. 964.
2189:
2164:
2136:
2125:. May 20, 2014
2105:
2071:
2038:
2004:
1970:
1939:
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1868:
1834:
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1723:
1688:
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1630:
1602:
1569:
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1518:
1485:
1452:
1430:
1389:
1356:
1323:
1321:, p. 962.
1308:
1272:
1244:
1211:
1209:, p. 240.
1196:
1194:, p. 963.
1181:
1179:, p. 311.
1162:
1145:
1143:, p. 425.
1128:
1099:
1066:
1064:, p. 239.
1049:
1047:, p. 241.
1026:
986:
984:, p. 426.
971:
942:
901:
899:, p. 312.
882:
880:, p. 310.
861:
859:, p. 238.
826:
782:
781:
779:
776:
773:
772:
756:1800–present:
709:
695:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
682:
675:
672:
622:
619:
576:United Nations
562:
559:
523:
520:
512:Webb and Knapp
458:
455:
453:
450:
429:
426:
420:building from
380:
377:
317:
314:
286:George B. Post
281:
278:
262:Webb and Knapp
228:George B. Post
226:. Designed by
194:
193:
191:George B. Post
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4990:
4987:
4985:
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4971:
4968:
4961:
4957:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4931:Prince Street
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4916:Fulton Street
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4886:Bowling Green
4884:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
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4799:
4797:
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4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4783:
4780:
4776:
4771:
4767:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4736:Herald Square
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4711:Zuccotti Park
4709:
4707:
4706:Bowling Green
4704:
4703:
4700:
4693:
4689:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
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4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
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4622:
4619:
4617:
4616:Broadway Hall
4614:
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4609:
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4602:
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4265:1200 (Gilsey)
4263:
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4258:
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4255:Madison Green
4253:
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3999:
3998:1 Wall Street
3996:
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3819:Theatre Alley
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3636:WTC Cortlandt
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3606:Fulton Street
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3596:Bowling Green
3594:
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3592:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3580:
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3398:
3396:
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3388:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3370:
3369:Zuccotti Park
3367:
3365:
3362:
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3357:
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3329:Bowling Green
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3303:
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3279:Fearless Girl
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3267:Charging Bull
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3019:Liberty Tower
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2714:1 Wall Street
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2458:New York City
2455:
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2110:
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2099:
2085:
2081:
2080:"Big Letdown"
2075:
2072:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2008:
2005:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1971:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1946:
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1928:
1924:
1920:
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1861:September 15,
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1827:September 15,
1822:
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1775:September 15,
1770:
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1737:
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1724:
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1704:. p. 738
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645:Jean Schopfer
642:
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299:to the west,
298:
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263:
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224:New York City
221:
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176:
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167:
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124:United States
123:
119:
116:New York City
115:
111:
107:
103:
98:
70:
66:
62:
58:
53:
50:
47:
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
5149:1469 (Pabst)
5033:
5009:149 (Singer)
4891:Canal Street
4831:238th Street
4826:231st Street
4821:168th Street
4816:157th Street
4806:145th Street
4796:125th Street
4786:103rd Street
4751:Verdi Square
4741:Times Square
4721:Union Square
4596:The Cornwall
4551:Hotel Beacon
4531:The Dorilton
4526:Empire Hotel
4419:1619 (Brill)
4240:900 (Goelet)
4235:889 (Gorham)
4193:Times Square
3867:
3601:Broad Street
3390:China Chalet
3349:Liberty Park
3299:
3291:
3284:
3277:
3273:China Chalet
3265:
3169:
3120:Howard Hotel
2894:140 Broadway
2697:State Street
2529:195 Broadway
2482:State Street
2387:
2383:
2372:columbia.edu
2367:
2363:
2328:
2304:
2292:. Retrieved
2280:
2259:
2255:
2245:
2237:columbia.edu
2232:
2228:
2216:
2204:
2192:
2183:
2179:
2155:. Retrieved
2151:
2139:
2127:. Retrieved
2122:
2088:. Retrieved
2083:
2074:
2062:. Retrieved
2050:
2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2017:
2007:
1995:. Retrieved
1983:
1973:
1961:. Retrieved
1957:
1930:. Retrieved
1918:
1908:
1896:. Retrieved
1884:
1859:. Retrieved
1847:
1837:
1825:. Retrieved
1808:
1799:
1773:. Retrieved
1759:
1747:. Retrieved
1735:
1726:
1706:. Retrieved
1701:
1691:
1679:. Retrieved
1667:
1658:
1646:. Retrieved
1633:
1621:. Retrieved
1616:
1605:
1593:. Retrieved
1581:
1572:
1552:. Retrieved
1547:
1538:
1528:
1521:
1509:. Retrieved
1497:
1488:
1476:. Retrieved
1455:
1446:
1442:
1433:
1413:. Retrieved
1401:
1392:
1380:. Retrieved
1368:
1359:
1347:. Retrieved
1335:
1326:
1299:. Retrieved
1287:
1263:. Retrieved
1258:
1247:
1235:. Retrieved
1223:
1214:
1122:
1118:
1093:
1089:
1017:. Retrieved
1005:
962:. Retrieved
954:
945:
925:. Retrieved
920:
803:. Retrieved
765:February 29,
763:. Retrieved
743:
723:
712:
699:
667:
655:
653:
636:
631:
624:
614:
610:
596:
564:
543:195 Broadway
533:
510:acquired by
501:
498:
488:
480:
474:
468:
439:
435:
431:
418:
382:
362:
347:
334:articulation
327:
294:
283:
280:Architecture
274:Indianapolis
264:and then to
251:
241:designed by
232:
199:
197:
187:Architect(s)
113:Town or city
108:220 Broadway
35:Seen in 1907
18:
5049:Rogers Peet
5044:Astor House
4946:Wall Street
4881:96th Street
4876:86th Street
4871:79th Street
4866:72nd Street
4851:50th Street
4841:28th Street
4836:23rd Street
4811:14th Street
4591:Astor Court
4581:The Belnord
4205:611 (Cable)
4003:71 (Empire)
3973:25 (Cunard)
3937:The Battery
3935:Buildings (
3784:Marketfield
3779:Maiden Lane
3663:South Ferry
3400:Delmonico's
3324:The Battery
3070:Astor House
2889:130 William
2819:52 Broadway
2794:32 Old Slip
2784:26 Broadway
2554:City Pier A
2499:65 Broadway
2145:"The Ruins"
1749:February 9,
1681:February 9,
1529:New Outlook
951:"NYCityMap"
736:1700–1799:
716:1634–1699:
607:White River
502:The Outlook
402:party walls
354:Karl Bitter
290:Karl Bitter
243:Karl Bitter
174:Floor count
92: /
5248:Categories
4989:50 (Tower)
3911:Structures
3834:Washington
3293:The Sphere
3180:Stadt Huys
3085:City Hotel
2754:15 William
2729:2 Broadway
2489:1 Broadway
686:References
522:Demolition
393:foundation
379:Foundation
305:Ann Street
266:Chase Bank
212:Ann Street
145:Demolished
80:74°00′31″W
77:40°42′40″N
63:Demolished
4901:City Hall
4556:The Astor
4499:The Bronx
4088:City Hall
3923:the Bronx
3919:Manhattan
3868:See also:
3844:Whitehall
3824:Vesey/Ann
3764:Greenwich
3744:Cortlandt
3584:transport
3442:Education
3395:Crown Shy
2470:Buildings
2454:Manhattan
2294:August 9,
2289:0362-4331
2157:August 8,
2129:August 9,
2090:August 8,
2064:August 9,
2059:0362-4331
2031:August 9,
2026:0362-4331
1997:August 8,
1992:0362-4331
1963:August 9,
1932:August 8,
1927:0362-4331
1898:August 8,
1893:0362-4331
1856:0362-4331
1817:0362-4331
1744:0362-4331
1708:August 8,
1676:0362-4331
1648:August 8,
1623:August 4,
1595:August 9,
1590:0362-4331
1554:August 6,
1511:August 9,
1506:0362-4331
1478:August 9,
1415:August 9,
1410:0362-4331
1382:August 9,
1377:0362-4331
1349:August 9,
1344:0362-4331
1301:August 9,
1296:0362-4331
1265:August 4,
1237:August 9,
1232:0362-4331
1019:August 8,
1014:0362-4331
964:March 20,
927:August 8,
805:August 8,
778:Citations
615:The Ruins
611:The Ruins
557:in 1987.
442:standpipe
373:skylights
239:caryatids
214:, in the
137:Completed
45:Etymology
3915:Broadway
3754:Exchange
3734:Broadway
3654:Ferries
3525:Mmuseumm
3320:(former)
3302:Memorial
2764:19 Dutch
2349:32819286
1821:Archived
1785:cite web
815:cite web
741:(1992).
721:(1997).
674:See also
547:Cold War
535:AT&T
428:Features
422:settling
398:grillage
369:spandrel
358:atlantes
350:cornices
301:Park Row
297:Broadway
208:Broadway
68:Location
4245:935–939
3849:William
3774:Liberty
3707:Streets
3498:Museums
3452:Schools
3300:Titanic
2319:Sources
1769:Emporis
955:NYC.gov
705:chamfer
452:History
385:bedrock
342:capital
330:facades
247:bedrock
206:at 220
202:was an
121:Country
105:Address
4964:Former
4366:1515 (
4290:Macy's
3804:Spruce
3789:Nassau
3759:Fulton
3724:Bridge
3719:Beaver
3714:Albany
3591:Subway
3582:Public
2347:
2337:
2287:
2057:
2024:
1990:
1925:
1891:
1854:
1815:
1742:
1674:
1588:
1504:
1408:
1375:
1342:
1294:
1230:
1012:
630:. The
582:, and
574:, the
570:, the
489:Herald
481:Herald
338:column
316:Facade
161:Height
60:Status
5193:1650
3814:Stone
3809:State
3799:South
3794:Pearl
3729:Broad
2360:(PDF)
2262:: 30.
2225:(PDF)
2148:(PDF)
1642:(PDF)
1464:(PDF)
748:(PDF)
728:(PDF)
691:Notes
406:piles
365:Ionic
235:Ionic
4641:3940
4521:1865
4454:1740
4449:1717
4370:and
4357:1500
4285:1313
4052:209
3921:and
3839:West
3829:Wall
3769:John
3643:PATH
3415:Saga
2345:OCLC
2335:ISBN
2296:2020
2285:ISSN
2159:2020
2131:2020
2092:2020
2066:2020
2055:ISSN
2033:2020
2022:ISSN
1999:2020
1988:ISSN
1965:2020
1934:2020
1923:ISSN
1900:2020
1889:ISSN
1863:2021
1852:ISSN
1829:2021
1813:ISSN
1791:link
1777:2021
1751:2020
1740:ISSN
1710:2020
1683:2020
1672:ISSN
1650:2020
1625:2020
1597:2020
1586:ISSN
1556:2020
1513:2020
1502:ISSN
1480:2020
1417:2020
1406:ISSN
1384:2020
1373:ISSN
1351:2020
1340:ISSN
1303:2020
1292:ISSN
1267:2020
1239:2020
1228:ISSN
1021:2020
1010:ISSN
966:2020
929:2020
821:link
807:2020
767:2024
412:and
389:well
383:The
198:The
153:Cost
148:1958
140:1898
132:1895
4220:770
4210:640
4143:361
4138:359
4128:319
4118:291
4108:287
4103:280
4038:195
3963:Two
3958:One
3917:in
3913:on
3749:Dey
2644:One
537:'s
222:in
218:of
5250::
3983:52
3939:–
2456:,
2388:35
2386:.
2382:.
2368:59
2366:.
2362:.
2343:.
2279:.
2268:^
2258:.
2254:.
2233:62
2231:.
2227:.
2184:18
2182:.
2178:.
2167:^
2150:.
2121:.
2108:^
2082:.
2049:.
2020:.
2016:.
1986:.
1982:.
1956:.
1942:^
1921:.
1917:.
1887:.
1883:.
1871:^
1850:.
1846:.
1819:.
1807:.
1787:}}
1783:{{
1767:.
1734:.
1700:.
1666:.
1615:.
1580:.
1546:.
1496:.
1470:,
1466:.
1447:79
1445:.
1441:.
1400:.
1367:.
1334:.
1311:^
1286:.
1275:^
1257:.
1222:.
1199:^
1184:^
1165:^
1148:^
1131:^
1123:52
1121:.
1117:.
1102:^
1094:33
1092:.
1088:.
1069:^
1052:^
1029:^
1004:.
989:^
974:^
957:.
953:.
919:.
904:^
885:^
864:^
829:^
817:}}
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