Knowledge (XXG)

Cyril of Jerusalem

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Not only did he go willingly but throughout the process he maintained his faith and forgave all those who betrayed him and engaged in his execution. Cyril writes "who did not sin, neither was deceit found in his mouth, who, when he was reviled, did not revile, when he suffered did not threaten". This line by Cyril shows his belief in the selflessness of Jesus especially in this last final act of Love. The lecture also gives a sort of insight to what Jesus may have been feeling during the execution from the whippings and beatings, to the crown of thorns, to the nailing on the cross. Cyril intertwines the story with the messages Jesus told throughout his life before his execution relating to his final act. For example, Cyril writes "I gave my back to those who beat me and my cheeks to blows; and my face I did not shield from the shame of spitting". This clearly reflects the teachings of Jesus to turn the other cheek and not raising your hands against violence because violence just begets violence begets violence. The segment of the Catechesis really reflects the voice Cyril maintained in all of his writing. The writings always have the central message of the Bible; Cyril is not trying to add his own beliefs in reference to religious interpretation and remains grounded in true biblical teachings.
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not felt as a burden for God is light, very light. Rays of light and knowledge stream before him as the Spirit approaches. The Spirit comes with the tenderness of a true friend to save, to heal, to teach, to counsel, to strengthen and to console". Cyril himself followed God's message of forgiveness many times throughout his life. This is most clearly seen in his two major exiles where Cyril was disgraced and forced to leave his position and his people behind. He never wrote or showed any ill will towards those who wronged him. Cyril stressed the themes of healing and regeneration in his catechesis.
1886: 50: 2042:"In His first coming, He endured the Cross, despising shame; in His second, He comes attended by a host of Angels, receiving glory. We rest not then upon His first advent only, but look also for His second." He looked forward to the Second Advent which would bring an end to the world and then the created world to be made anew. At the Second Advent he expected to rise in the resurrection if it came after his time on earth. 6043: 6031: 5182: 6007: 5194: 3008: 1959:, the basilica erected by Constantine. They contain instructions on the principal topics of Christian faith and practice, in a popular rather than scientific manner, full of a warm pastoral love and care for the catechumens to whom they were delivered. Each lecture is based upon a text of Scripture, and there is an abundance of Scriptural quotation throughout. In the 5492: 1860:(αὐτεξούσιον), and in his view of the nature of sin. To him sin is the consequence of freedom, not a natural condition. The body is not the cause, but the instrument of sin. The remedy for it is repentance, on which he insists. Like many of the Eastern Fathers, he focuses on high moral living as essential to true Christianity. His doctrine of the 1824:(which defined the nature between "God the Father", and "God the Son"), having been finally convinced that there was no better alternative. His story is perhaps best representative of those Eastern bishops (perhaps a majority) initially mistrustful of Nicaea, who came to accept the creed of that council, and the doctrine of the 6019: 2387:, and "was offered the see on Maximus' death on the condition that he would repudiate his ordination at the hands of that Bishop".(Yarnold (2000), p4) Jerome had personal reasons for being malicious, though, and, the story may simply be a case of Cyril conforming to proper church order. Young (2004), p186. 2001:
Oded Irshai observed that Cyril lived in a time of intense apocalyptic expectation, when Christians were eager to find apocalyptic meaning in every historical event or natural disaster. Cyril spent a good part of his episcopacy in intermittent exile from Jerusalem. Abraham Malherbe argued that when a
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and Jesus' sacrificing himself to save us from our sins. Also, the burial and Resurrection which occurred three days later proving the divinity of Jesus Christ and the loving nature of the Father. Cyril was very adamant about the fact that Jesus went to his death with full knowledge and willingness.
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Cyril's writings are filled with the loving and forgiving nature of God which was somewhat uncommon during his time period. Cyril fills his writings with great lines of the healing power of forgiveness and the Holy Spirit, like "The Spirit comes gently and makes himself known by his fragrance. He is
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Acacius charged Cyril with selling church property. The city of Jerusalem had suffered drastic food shortages at which point church historians Sozomen and Theodoret report "Cyril secretly sold sacramental ornaments of the church and a valuable holy robe, fashioned with gold thread that the emperor
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It is not only among us, who are marked with the name of Christ, that the dignity of faith is great; all the business of the world, even of those outside the Church, is accomplished by faith. By faith, marriage laws join in union persons who were strangers to one another. By faith, agriculture is
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in 363 at a time when Julian was attempting to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem. Embroiled in a rivalry with Acacius of Caesarea over the relative primacy of their respective sees, Cyril saw even ecclesial discord a sign of the Lord's coming. Catechesis 15 would appear to cast Julian as the
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came to Jerusalem on the recommendation of a council held at Antioch in the preceding year. He seemingly found the faith in good shape, but worried that the city was prey to parties and corrupt in morals. Cyril's jurisdiction over Jerusalem was expressly confirmed by the
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sustained; for a man does not endure the toil involved unless he believes he will reap a harvest. By faith, seafaring men, entrusting themselves to a tiny wooden craft, exchange the solid element of the land for the unstable motion of the waves."
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Matthew 24:6 speaks of "wars and reports of wars", as a sign of the End Times, and it is within this context that Cyril read Julian's war with the Persians. Matthew 24:7 speaks of "earthquakes from place to place", and Jerusalem experienced an
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by the orthodox historians, and his opposition to Cyril in the 350s is attributed by these writers to this. Sozomen also suggests that the tension may have been increased by Acacius's jealousy of the importance assigned to Cyril's See by the
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Little is known of his life before he became a bishop; the assignment of his birth to the year 315 rests on conjecture. According to Butler, Cyril was born at or near the city of Jerusalem and was well-read in both the writings of the early
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errors. They are of great importance for the light which they throw upon the method of instruction usual of that age, as well as upon the liturgical practises of the period, of which they give the fullest account extant.
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For two years, Cyril resisted Acacius' summons to account for his actions, but a church council held under Acacius's influence in 357 AD deposed Cyril in his absence, and Cyril took refuge with Silvanus, Bishop of
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2.23), Acacius informed the emperor that one of the things sold by Cyril was a 'holy robe' dedicated by Constantine himself, which consequently turned Constantius against Cyril. The truth of this is not clear
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is not quite so realistic as that of other Fathers; but his conception of the Church is decidedly empirical: the existing Church form is the true one, intended by Christ, the completion of the Church of the
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is disputed. Some argue he sometimes seems to approach the symbolic view, though he professes a strong realistic doctrine. The bread and wine are not mere elements, but the body and blood of Christ.
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Neue Fragmente zu den Katechesen des Cyrill von Jerusalem im Codex Sinaiticus rescriptusi (Georg. NF 19, 71) mit einem zweiten Textzeugen (Syr. NF 11) aus dem Fundus des St. Katherinenklosters
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Swaans (1942) makes the main case for an authorship by John; Doval (2001) argues in detail against Swaans's case. The arguments are summarised in Frances Young with Andrew Teal,
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occurs in the final blessing, many scholars believe this may be a later interpolation, and accept the letter's authenticity on the grounds of other pieces of internal evidence.
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reinstated Cyril and deposed Acacius. In 360 AD, this was reversed by Emperor Constantius again, and Cyril suffered another year's exile from Jerusalem until the Emperor
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Danielou sees the baptism rite as carrying eschatological overtones, in that "to inscribe for baptism is to write one's name in the register of the elect in heaven".
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leader's control over a community is fragile, directing attention to the imminent arrival of the antichrist effectively diverts attention from that fragility.
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In the 13th lecture, Cyril of Jerusalem discusses the Crucifixion and burial of Jesus Christ. The main themes that Cyril focuses on in these lectures are
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in 367 AD but was able to return again after Valens's death in 378 AD, after which he remained undisturbed until his death in 386. In 380 AD,
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The main evidence for this dating is that at one point Cyril casually refers to the heresy of Mani as being seventy years old (
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The Catechism of Cyril of Jerusalem in the Christian Palestinian Aramaic Version, A Corpus of Christian Palestinian Aramaic
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had once donated for the bishop to wear when he performed the rite of Baptism", possibly to keep people from starving.
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Though his theology was at first somewhat indefinite in phraseology, he undoubtedly gave a thorough adhesion to the
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Norris, Frederick N. (2007). "Greek Christianities". In Casidy, Augustine; Norris, Frederick W. (eds.).
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Di Berardino, Angelo. 1992. Encyclopedia of the early church. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 312.
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Cyril's famous twenty-three lectures given to catechumens in Jerusalem being prepared for, and after,
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Seminary, Jerry L. Walls Professor of Philosophy of Religion Asbury Theological (31 October 2007).
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Cyril interpreted this as both a sign of support for Constantius, who was soon to face the usurper
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Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches:
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Van, N. P. (1 January 2007). 'The Career Of Cyril Of Jerusalem (C.348–87): A Reassessment'.
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edited by Rev. Hugo Hoever, S.O.Cist., PhD, New York: Catholic Book Publishing Co., 1955
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as being written by Cyril, but in the 370s or 380s, rather than at the same time as the
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are best considered in two parts: the first eighteen lectures are commonly known as the
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as Bishop of Jerusalem, but was exiled on more than one occasion due to the enmity of
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as it was then received in the Church of Jerusalem are vigorous polemics against
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The reasons for this reversal are not entirely clear. According to Theodoret, (
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Jerome gives a dark account of this appointment, claiming that Cyril was an
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There has been considerable controversy over the date and authorship of the
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Adventus Domini: Eschatological Thought in 4th Century Apses and Catecheses
2171:. The Library of Christian classics, v. 4. Philadelphia: Westminster Press. 2156:. series two. Vol. 7. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co. 2513: 2324:
Butler, Alban (1866) Vol. III, D. & J. Sadlier, & Company (1866).
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City of Demons: Violence, Ritual, and Christian Power in Late Antiquity
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of 351 AD recorded the appearance of a cross of light in the sky above
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From Nicaea to Chalcedon: A Guide to the Literature and its Background
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From Nicaea to Chalcedon: A Guide to the Literature and its Background
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From Nicaea to Chalcedon: A Guide to the Literature and its Background
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From Nicaea to Chalcedon: A Guide to the Literature and its Background
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Early Church Exposition, Subsequent Deflections, and Medieval Revival
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See, for example, Yarnold (1978). Frances Young with Andrew Teal,
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antichrist, although Irshai views this as a later interpolation.
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Spiritual independence recognized by Georgian Orthodox Church:
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Autocephalous Churches who are officially part of the communion:
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Cyrilli Hierosolymarum Archiepiscopi opera quae supersunt omnia.
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Cyril is described as a preacher and liturgist by the pilgrim
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in about 335 AD and a priest some eight years later by Bishop
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The Lives or the Fathers, Martyrs and Other Principal Saints'
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and Cyril became strained. Acacius is presented as a leading
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John Wilkinson: Egeria's Travels. Oxbow Books, Oxford 2015.
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6.20). Andrew Louth, 'Palestine', in Frances Young et al.,
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McCauley, Leo P. and Anthony A. Stephenson, (1969, 1970).
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written by Cyril where he refers to himself as "bishop".
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Funk and Wagnalls Company – via Internet Archive.
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Cain, Andrew; Lenski, Noel Emmanuel (1 January 2009).
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were given to the newly baptised in the Church of the
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Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches
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Christian theologian, bishop, and saint (c. 313 – 386)
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Texts by Cyril in the Library of the Church Fathers (
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In Cross, F. L., & In Livingstone, E. A. (1974).
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Andrew Louth, 'Palestine', in Frances Young et al.,
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Johann Jakob Herzog, Philip Schaff (18 March 1909).
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Christa Müller-Kessler and Michael Sokoloff (1999).
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Cyril was once again banished from Jerusalem by the
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Participants in the First Council of Constantinople
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The Cambridge History of Early Christian Literature
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The Cambridge History of Early Christian Literature
2274:(HarperCollins Publishers: New York, 1991), pp. 83. 132: 96: 83: 61: 56: 34: 2017:has been questioned, on the grounds that the word 2194:Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross 2911:Lives of the Saints, For Every Day of the Year 2199:Saint Cyril of Jerusalem, patron saint archive 5225: 3065: 2953:The Oxford dictionary of the Christian Church 2930:Lane, A. N. S., & Lane, A. N. S. (2006). 2898:The Penguin Dictionary of Saints, 3rd Edition 1889:Parallel Greek and Latin versions of Cyril's 1588: 8: 2805: 2344:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2176:Cyril of Jerusalem. The early church fathers 1912:, while the final five are often called the 1916:(μυσταγωγικαί), because they deal with the 1798:'s accession allowed him to return in 361. 5232: 5218: 5210: 3072: 3058: 3050: 3013: 2994:Collected works by Migne Patrologia Graeca 2920:New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1994, 2348:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1842:. Even if he did avoid the debatable term 1595: 1581: 166: 57:Bishop, Confessor and Doctor of the Church 48: 31: 2152:. In Schaff, Philip; Wace, Henry (eds.). 2064:. Many scholars would currently view the 2005:Soon after his appointment, Cyril in his 2729:English translation is in Telfer (1955). 2698: 2696: 2694: 2658: 2646: 2508: 2506: 2438: 2361: 2359: 2224:. Oxford University Press. p. 278. 2221:Liturgy and Byzantinization in Jerusalem 2169:Cyril of Jerusalem and Nemesius of Emesa 2112:, vol. V. Groningen: STYX-Publications. 1641:. About the end of AD 350, he succeeded 148:7 May (Byzantine Christianity) (miracle) 6002: 2755:The Power of Religion in Late Antiquity 2210: 2148:Cyril; Gifford, Edwin Hamilton (1894). 204: 178: 2932:A concise history of Christian thought 2703:Kalleres, Dayna S. (13 October 2015). 2473: 2337: 1963:, parallel with the exposition of the 2934:. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic. 2817: 2484: 2482: 2162:The works of Saint Cyril of Jerusalem 2101:W. C. Reischl, J. Rupp (1848; 1860). 7: 2948:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2500:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1551:Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs 1161:Differences from the Catholic Church 1027:History of Eastern Orthodox theology 2862:Cyril of Jerusalem: Bishop and City 873:Other possible ecumenical councils: 636:Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania 5249:Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem 3972:Forty Martyrs of England and Wales 3090:Dicastery for the Causes of Saints 2955:. London: Oxford University Press. 2939:The Journal of Theological Studies 2782:The Oxford Handbook of Eschatology 2246:"March 18: St. Cyril of Jerusalem" 1699:with a commemoration on 18 March. 25: 6109:4th-century Christian theologians 2875:Cambridge History of Christianity 2334:from the original on 2 June 2021. 2075:According to the Spanish pilgrim 743:American Orthodox Catholic Church 6094:4th-century bishops of Jerusalem 6041: 6029: 6017: 6005: 5490: 5192: 5180: 5059:María de las Maravillas de Jesús 4916:Seven Maccabees and their mother 4102:Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War 3006: 2946:Encyclopedia of the Early Church 2785:. Oxford University Press, USA. 2738:Frances Young with Andrew Teal, 2425:Frances Young with Andrew Teal, 1680:. In 1883, Cyril was declared a 646:Belgium, Holland, and Luxembourg 186: 2677:. Gregorian Biblical BookShop. 2567:Hellemo, Geir (18 March 1989). 2122:Christa Müller-Kessler (2021). 1816:First Council of Constantinople 1637:– 386) was a theologian of the 966:Christianization of Kievan Rus' 827:First Seven Ecumenical Councils 2671:Bergin, Liam (18 March 1999). 2518:crmmanpowerplanner.crmeyer.com 2488:Henry Palmer Chapman (1908). " 2154:Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers 2087:in the course of Easter Week. 1: 5024:Faustina and Liberata of Como 4212:Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia 4157:Teresa Benedicta of the Cross 3081:Saints of the Catholic Church 2860:Drijvers, Jan Willem (2004). 2272:Butler's Lives of the Saints. 1631: 1396:Intercession of the Theotokos 1171:Opposition to papal supremacy 990:Moscow–Constantinople schism 691:Switzerland and Liechtenstein 65: 6099:4th-century Christian saints 2972:Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints 2944:Di Berardino, Angelo. 1992. 2882:Froom, Le Roy Edwin (1950). 2709:. Univ of California Press. 1869:. His interpretation of the 961:Christianization of Bulgaria 3005:(public domain audiobooks) 2999:Works by Cyril of Jerusalem 2980:Bibliothek der Kirchenväter 2758:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. 2514:"CR Meyer Manpower Planner" 1739:also suggests Cyril was an 1516:Photios I of Constantinople 1033:20th century (Neo-Palamism) 956:Christianization of Georgia 6135: 5187:Catholic Church portal 4147:Saints of the Cristero War 1166:Opposition to the Filioque 709:Noncanonical jurisdictions 6089:Saints from the Holy Land 6084:Christian anti-Gnosticism 5987:Latin rule over Jerusalem 5979: 5488: 5175: 4182:Three Martyrs of Chimbote 3952:Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala 3127:Mother of God (Theotokos) 3087: 3038: 3029: 3021: 3016: 2868:. Vol. v. 72. Brill. 2795:– via Google Books. 2768:– via Google Books. 2719:– via Google Books. 2687:– via Google Books. 2583:– via Google Books. 1628:Cyrillus Hierosolymitanus 1615: 1403:The four fasting periods: 1284:Eastern Orthodox marriage 892:Other important councils: 748:American World Patriarchs 666:Great Britain and Ireland 47: 4328:Joseph (father of Jesus) 3714:Athanasius of Alexandria 3496:Athanasius of Alexandria 3380:Theophanes the Confessor 3360:Paul I of Constantinople 3355:Paphnutius the Confessor 3300:Athanasius the Confessor 2846:, (2nd edn, 2004), p190. 2833:, (2nd edn, 2004), p189. 2806:Cyril & Gifford 1894 2742:, (2nd edn, 2004), p192. 2429:, (2nd edn, 2004), p187. 2218:Galadza, Daniel (2018). 1674:Oriental Orthodox Church 1660:Cyril is venerated as a 1446:Athanasius of Alexandria 696:United States of America 488:Czech Lands and Slovakia 310:Four Marks of the Church 5500:Patriarchs of Jerusalem 5267:James, brother of Jesus 4260:Gregory the Illuminator 4230:Augustine of Canterbury 3779:Dionysius of Alexandria 3694:Alexander of Alexandria 2081:mystagogical catecheses 1670:Eastern Orthodox Church 1616:Κύριλλος Α΄ Ἱεροσολύμων 1279:Eastern Orthodox bowing 180:Eastern Orthodox Church 109:Eastern Orthodox Church 3699:Alexander of Jerusalem 3305:Chariton the Confessor 3267:in the Catholic Church 2674:O Propheticum Lavacrum 2490:St. Cyril of Jerusalem 2189:Liturgy of Saint James 1983: 1893: 1627: 1620:Kýrillos A Ierosolýmon 1556:Eastern Orthodox cross 721:Spiritual Christianity 143:Byzantine Christianity 6079:Doctors of the Church 5130:Fourteen Holy Helpers 5094:Trasilla and Emiliana 4245:Evermode of Ratzeburg 4127:Perpetua and Felicity 4097:Martyrs of Sandomierz 3967:Dismas the Good Thief 3894:Theophilus of Antioch 3864:Maximus the Confessor 3799:Epiphanius of Salamis 3739:Clement of Alexandria 3453:Doctors of the Church 3345:Maximus the Confessor 3132:Immaculate Conception 2494:Catholic Encyclopedia 2289:The Church of England 2178:. London: Routledge. 2130:104, pp. 23–66. 2070:Catechetical Lectures 2066:Mystagogic Catecheses 2054:Mystagogic Catecheses 2047:Mystagogic Catecheses 2007:Letter to Constantius 1978: 1961:Catechetical Lectures 1953:Catechetical Lectures 1941:catechetical lectures 1914:Mystagogic Catecheses 1910:Catechetical Homilies 1906:Catechetical Orations 1902:Catechetical Lectures 1888: 1881:Catechetical lectures 1725:Macarius of Jerusalem 1719:Cyril was ordained a 1710:Christian theologians 1666:Roman Catholic Church 1653:and the order of the 1566:Statistics by country 1491:Maximus the Confessor 919:Constantinople (1872) 18:St Cyril of Jerusalem 5257:Bishops of Jerusalem 5034:Hiltrude of Liessies 4979:Catherine of Bologna 4974:Bernadette Soubirous 4167:17 Thomasian Martyrs 3977:Four Crowned Martyrs 3899:Victorinus of Pettau 3879:Papias of Hierapolis 3849:Jerome of Stridonium 3814:Gregory of Nazianzus 3784:Dionysius of Corinth 3606:Lawrence of Brindisi 3561:Bernard of Clairvaux 3536:Anselm of Canterbury 3491:Gregory of Nazianzus 3418:Priscilla and Aquila 3315:Edward the Confessor 2866:Vigiliae Christianae 2637:Cyril, Catechesis V. 2270:Walsh, Michael, ed. 2174:Yarnold, E. (2000). 1834:Theological position 1682:Doctor of the Church 1501:Theodore the Studite 1466:Gregory of Nazianzus 1324:Russian bell ringing 1249:Liturgical entrances 1059:Essence vs. Energies 1054:Contemplative prayer 807:Evangelical Orthodox 629:Episcopal assemblies 352:Ecumenical Patriarch 305:Apostolic succession 5272:Simeon of Jerusalem 5084:Teresa of the Andes 4964:Angela of the Cross 4926:Zechariah (prophet) 4072:Martyrs of La Rioja 4067:21 Martyrs of Libya 3957:Christina of Persia 3937:Charles de Foucauld 3874:Quadratus of Athens 3834:Ignatius of Antioch 3804:Fulgentius of Ruspe 3754:Cyril of Alexandria 3749:Cyprian of Carthage 3734:Cappadocian Fathers 3631:Hildegard of Bingen 3501:Cyril of Alexandria 3375:Sergius of Radonezh 3137:Perpetual virginity 3032:Bishop of Jerusalem 2918:Lives of the Saints 2820:, pp. 412–415. 2167:Telfer, W. (1955). 2142:Modern translations 1792:Council of Seleucia 1763:Acacius of Caesarea 1647:Acacius of Caesarea 1511:Cyril and Methodius 1481:Cyril of Alexandria 1368:Liturgical calendar 1184:Liturgy and worship 820:Ecumenical councils 223:History of theology 156:Coptic Christianity 6104:4th-century Romans 5125:Four Holy Marshals 5120:Calendar of saints 5089:Teresa of Calcutta 5069:Patricia of Naples 4994:Catherine of Siena 4275:Patrick of Ireland 4197:Vietnamese Martyrs 4087:Martyrs of Otranto 4042:Martyrs of Cajonos 4037:Martyrs of Algeria 4032:Martyrs of Albania 3992:The Holy Innocents 3962:Devasahayam Pillai 3947:Carthusian Martyrs 3889:Polycarp of Smyrna 3844:Isidore of Seville 3829:Hippolytus of Rome 3824:Hilary of Poitiers 3759:Cyril of Jerusalem 3724:Caesarius of Arles 3719:Augustine of Hippo 3621:Thérèse of Lisieux 3616:Catherine of Siena 3566:Hilary of Poitiers 3541:Isidore of Seville 3516:Bede the Venerable 3506:Cyril of Jerusalem 3471:Augustine of Hippo 3385:Pio of Pietrelcina 3350:Michael of Synnada 2967:Cyril of Jerusalem 2250:Catholic Telegraph 2128:Oriens Christianus 1955:were given in the 1894: 1758:Relations between 1714:Greek philosophers 1703:Life and character 1678:Anglican Communion 1608:Cyril of Jerusalem 1461:Cyril of Jerusalem 1391:Feast of Orthodoxy 686:Spain and Portugal 194:Christ Pantocrator 145:, Catholic Church) 119:Anglican Communion 114:Oriental Orthodoxy 92:, Syria Palaestina 42:Cyril of Jerusalem 5993: 5992: 5207: 5206: 5199:Saints portal 5150:Miles Christianus 5135:Martyr of charity 5104:Josephine Bakhita 5099:Ubaldesca Taccini 5044:Kateri Tekakwitha 5019:Faustina Kowalska 5009:Eulalia of Mérida 4989:Catherine Labouré 4984:Brigid of Kildare 4811:Baruch ben Neriah 4255:François de Laval 4240:Damien of Molokai 4207:Victor and Corona 4202:Valentine of Rome 4092:Martyrs of Prague 4057:Martyrs of Gorkum 4017:Martyrs of Lübeck 3904:Vincent of Lérins 3884:Peter Chrysologus 3839:Irenaeus of Lyons 3809:Gregory the Great 3794:Ephrem the Syrian 3591:Robert Bellarmine 3586:John of the Cross 3571:Alphonsus Liguori 3546:Peter Chrysologus 3521:Ephrem the Syrian 3486:Basil of Caesarea 3461:Gregory the Great 3443:Seventy disciples 3335:Lazarus Zographos 3320:Francis of Assisi 3190:James of Alphaeus 3147:Marian apparition 3048: 3047: 3039:Succeeded by 3017:Religious titles 2941:, 58, 1, 134–146. 2864:. Supplements to 2554:www.newadvent.org 2402:978-0-85668-710-5 2231:978-0-19-881203-6 1772:Council of Nicaea 1697:Church of England 1605: 1604: 1456:Basil of Caesarea 1451:Ephrem the Syrian 1334:Sign of the cross 1309:Paschal troparion 1089:Mystical theology 899:Quinisext Council 600:Semi-Autonomous: 245:View of salvation 165: 164: 97:Venerated in 74:Caesarea Maritima 16:(Redirected from 6126: 6046: 6045: 6044: 6034: 6033: 6022: 6021: 6020: 6010: 6009: 6008: 6001: 5494: 5234: 5227: 5220: 5211: 5197: 5196: 5195: 5185: 5184: 5064:Narcisa de Jesús 5049:Lucy of Syracuse 4954:Agatha of Sicily 4866:John the Baptist 4112:Maximilian Kolbe 4107:Martyrs of Zenta 4082:Martyrs of Natal 4062:Martyrs of Japan 4052:Martyrs of China 4047:Martyrs of Drina 3982:Gerard of Csanád 3942:Canadian Martyrs 3927:Abda and Abdisho 3869:Melito of Sardis 3859:John of Damascus 3819:Gregory of Nyssa 3704:Ambrose of Milan 3636:Gregory of Narek 3601:Anthony of Padua 3576:Francis de Sales 3511:John of Damascus 3157:Joseph (husband) 3109:  →   3105:  →   3101:  →   3074: 3067: 3060: 3051: 3022:Preceded by 3014: 3010: 3009: 2916:Omer Englebert, 2887: 2878: 2869: 2847: 2840: 2834: 2827: 2821: 2815: 2809: 2803: 2797: 2796: 2776: 2770: 2769: 2749: 2743: 2736: 2730: 2727: 2721: 2720: 2700: 2689: 2688: 2668: 2662: 2661:, p. 13-14. 2656: 2650: 2644: 2638: 2635: 2629: 2618: 2612: 2611: 2600: 2594: 2591: 2585: 2584: 2564: 2558: 2557: 2546: 2540: 2533: 2522: 2521: 2510: 2501: 2486: 2477: 2471: 2465: 2457: 2451: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2430: 2423: 2417: 2410: 2404: 2394: 2388: 2381: 2375: 2372: 2366: 2363: 2354: 2353: 2343: 2335: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2281: 2275: 2268: 2262: 2261: 2259: 2257: 2242: 2236: 2235: 2215: 2157: 1920:(μυστήρια) i.e. 1840:Nicene Orthodoxy 1811:Gregory of Nyssa 1636: 1633: 1617: 1597: 1590: 1583: 1496:John of Damascus 1471:Gregory of Nyssa 1299:Paschal greeting 1264:Memorial service 1074:Hypostatic union 951:Byzantine Empire 736:Old Calendarists 357:Episcopal polity 300:Christian Church 190: 167: 87:AD 386 (aged 73) 78:Syria Palaestina 70: 67: 52: 32: 21: 6134: 6133: 6129: 6128: 6127: 6125: 6124: 6123: 6114:Anglican saints 6054: 6053: 6052: 6042: 6040: 6028: 6018: 6016: 6006: 6004: 5996: 5994: 5989: 5975: 5674:Christodulus II 5501: 5495: 5486: 5258: 5251: 5238: 5208: 5203: 5193: 5191: 5179: 5171: 5162:Seven Champions 5155:Church Militant 5145:Athleta Christi 5140:Military saints 5108: 5004:Clare of Assisi 4940: 4876:Judas Barsabbas 4782: 4354: 4284: 4270:Nino of Georgia 4216: 4122:Pedro Calungsod 4077:Martyrs of Laos 4022:Luigi Versiglia 3913: 3854:John Chrysostom 3744:Clement of Rome 3685: 3678: 3645: 3611:Teresa of Ávila 3596:Albertus Magnus 3481:John Chrysostom 3447: 3408:Mary of Bethany 3389: 3295:Anthony of Kiev 3276: 3244: 3195:James the Great 3161: 3113: 3092: 3083: 3078: 3044: 3035: 3027: 3007: 2962: 2894: 2892:Further reading 2881: 2872: 2859: 2856: 2851: 2850: 2841: 2837: 2828: 2824: 2816: 2812: 2804: 2800: 2793: 2778: 2777: 2773: 2766: 2751: 2750: 2746: 2737: 2733: 2728: 2724: 2717: 2702: 2701: 2692: 2685: 2670: 2669: 2665: 2657: 2653: 2645: 2641: 2636: 2632: 2628:, (2010), p284. 2619: 2615: 2602: 2601: 2597: 2592: 2588: 2581: 2566: 2565: 2561: 2548: 2547: 2543: 2539:, (2010), p284. 2534: 2525: 2512: 2511: 2504: 2487: 2480: 2472: 2468: 2458: 2454: 2449: 2445: 2437: 2433: 2424: 2420: 2411: 2407: 2395: 2391: 2382: 2378: 2373: 2369: 2364: 2357: 2336: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2308: 2307: 2303: 2293: 2291: 2283: 2282: 2278: 2269: 2265: 2255: 2253: 2252:. 17 March 2022 2244: 2243: 2239: 2232: 2217: 2216: 2212: 2207: 2185: 2147: 2144: 2098: 2093: 2050: 1999: 1883: 1850:Patripassianism 1836: 1756: 1743:at this stage. 1705: 1634: 1601: 1572: 1571: 1570: 1535: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1521:Gregory Palamas 1476:John Chrysostom 1440: 1432: 1431: 1430: 1400: 1380:12 Great Feasts 1370: 1360: 1359: 1358: 1254:Liturgical fans 1196:Divine Services 1186: 1176: 1175: 1157: 1022: 1012: 1011: 1010: 935: 925: 924: 923: 889: 870: 822: 812: 811: 803: 752: 731:Catacomb Church 710: 702: 701: 700: 671:Italy and Malta 630: 622: 621: 620: 598: 589:Bessarabia (RP) 553: 542: 541: 540: 538: 536: 513: 497: 493:North Macedonia 416: 405: 404: 403: 331: 321: 320: 319: 288: 285: 270: 262: 200: 161: 128: 124:Lutheran Church 104:Catholic Church 88: 71: 68: 43: 40: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6132: 6130: 6122: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6074:Church Fathers 6071: 6066: 6056: 6055: 6051: 6050: 6038: 6026: 6014: 5991: 5990: 5983:Constantinople 5981:: in exile at 5980: 5977: 5976: 5974: 5973: 5971:Theophilus III 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5855: 5853:Theophanes III 5850: 5847: 5844: 5841: 5838: 5835: 5832: 5829: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5789:Athanasius III 5786: 5781: 5776: 5774:Sophronius III 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5706: 5701: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5671: 5666: 5661: 5659:Christodulus I 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5505: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5489: 5487: 5485: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5344: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5324: 5319: 5314: 5309: 5304: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5263: 5261: 5253: 5252: 5239: 5237: 5236: 5229: 5222: 5214: 5205: 5204: 5202: 5201: 5189: 5176: 5173: 5172: 5170: 5169: 5167:Virtuous pagan 5164: 5159: 5158: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5116: 5114: 5110: 5109: 5107: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4950: 4948: 4942: 4941: 4939: 4938: 4933: 4931:Zechariah (NT) 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4792: 4790: 4784: 4783: 4781: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4364: 4362: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4352: 4345: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4294: 4292: 4286: 4285: 4283: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4265:Junípero Serra 4262: 4257: 4252: 4250:Francis Xavier 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4226: 4224: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4192:Uganda Martyrs 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4162:Titus Brandsma 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4137:Pietro Parenzo 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4049: 4044: 4039: 4034: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4009: 4007:Korean Martyrs 4004: 3999: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3932:Boris and Gleb 3929: 3923: 3921: 3915: 3914: 3912: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3886: 3881: 3876: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3774:Desert Mothers 3771: 3769:Desert Fathers 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3690: 3688: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3655: 3653: 3647: 3646: 3644: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3581:Peter Canisius 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3526:Thomas Aquinas 3523: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3483: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3457: 3455: 3449: 3448: 3446: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3413:Mary Magdalene 3410: 3405: 3399: 3397: 3391: 3390: 3388: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3340:Louis Bertrand 3337: 3332: 3327: 3325:Francis Borgia 3322: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3286: 3284: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3274: 3269: 3260: 3254: 3252: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3212: 3207: 3202: 3197: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3171: 3169: 3163: 3162: 3160: 3159: 3154: 3152:Titles of Mary 3149: 3144: 3139: 3134: 3129: 3123: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3099:Servant of God 3088: 3085: 3084: 3079: 3077: 3076: 3069: 3062: 3054: 3046: 3045: 3040: 3037: 3028: 3023: 3019: 3018: 3012: 3011: 2996: 2991: 2988:Texts by Cyril 2985: 2975: 2961: 2960:External links 2958: 2957: 2956: 2949: 2942: 2935: 2928: 2914: 2908: 2893: 2890: 2889: 2888: 2879: 2870: 2855: 2852: 2849: 2848: 2835: 2822: 2810: 2798: 2791: 2771: 2764: 2744: 2731: 2722: 2715: 2690: 2683: 2663: 2651: 2639: 2630: 2613: 2595: 2586: 2579: 2559: 2541: 2523: 2502: 2478: 2466: 2452: 2443: 2431: 2418: 2405: 2389: 2376: 2367: 2355: 2316: 2301: 2285:"The Calendar" 2276: 2263: 2237: 2230: 2209: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2184: 2181: 2180: 2179: 2172: 2165: 2158: 2143: 2140: 2139: 2138: 2120: 2106: 2097: 2094: 2092: 2089: 2058:Holy Communion 2049: 2044: 1998: 1995: 1971:, Jewish, and 1882: 1879: 1835: 1832: 1755: 1752: 1704: 1701: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1599: 1592: 1585: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1524: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1442: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1429: 1428: 1422: 1420:Apostles' Fast 1417: 1412: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1399: 1398: 1393: 1387: 1386: 1385: 1382: 1377: 1371: 1366: 1365: 1362: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1354:Use of incense 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1304:Paschal Homily 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1269:Memory Eternal 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1200: 1199: 1198: 1193: 1191:Divine Liturgy 1187: 1182: 1181: 1178: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1168: 1163: 1156: 1155: 1148: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1124: 1119: 1114: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1036: 1023: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1009: 1008: 1007: 1006: 1001: 996: 988: 983: 981:Ottoman Empire 978: 973: 968: 963: 958: 953: 948: 943: 941:Church Fathers 937: 936: 931: 930: 927: 926: 922: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 895: 894: 893: 888: 887: 882: 876: 875: 874: 869: 868: 863: 858: 853: 848: 843: 838: 832: 831: 830: 823: 818: 817: 814: 813: 810: 809: 802: 801: 800: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 761: 760: 759: 751: 750: 745: 740: 739: 738: 733: 726:True Orthodoxy 723: 718: 712: 711: 708: 707: 704: 703: 699: 698: 693: 688: 683: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 648: 643: 638: 632: 631: 628: 627: 624: 623: 619: 618: 613: 608: 602: 597: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 555: 554: 548: 547: 544: 543: 535: 534: 528: 524: 523: 517: 512: 511: 505: 496: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 423:Constantinople 419: 417: 411: 410: 407: 406: 402: 401: 396: 395: 394: 384: 379: 374: 369: 364: 359: 354: 349: 344: 339: 333: 332: 327: 326: 323: 322: 318: 317: 312: 307: 302: 297: 291: 290: 289: 274: 271: 268: 267: 264: 263: 261: 260: 255: 248: 241: 239:Holy Mysteries 236: 234:Church history 231: 226: 216: 210: 207: 206: 202: 201: 191: 183: 182: 176: 175: 163: 162: 160: 159: 149: 146: 138: 136: 130: 129: 127: 126: 121: 116: 111: 106: 100: 98: 94: 93: 85: 81: 80: 72:possibly near 63: 59: 58: 54: 53: 45: 44: 41: 35: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6131: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6061: 6059: 6049: 6039: 6037: 6032: 6027: 6025: 6015: 6013: 6003: 5999: 5988: 5984: 5978: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849:Sophronius IV 5848: 5845: 5842: 5839: 5836: 5833: 5830: 5828:Athanasius IV 5827: 5825: 5824:Theophanes II 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5809:Theophilus II 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5769:Athanasius II 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5744:Nicephorus II 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5709:Sophronius II 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5584:Anastasius II 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5498: 5493: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5363: 5360: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5303: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5264: 5262: 5260: 5254: 5250: 5246: 5242: 5235: 5230: 5228: 5223: 5221: 5216: 5215: 5212: 5200: 5190: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5177: 5174: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5142: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5117: 5115: 5111: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5054:Maria Goretti 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4959:Agnes of Rome 4957: 4955: 4952: 4951: 4949: 4947: 4943: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4785: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4499: 4496: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4357: 4351: 4350: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4321: 4319: 4316: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4287: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4227: 4225: 4223: 4219: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4172:Thomas Becket 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3997:Irish Martyrs 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3928: 3925: 3924: 3922: 3920: 3916: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3887: 3885: 3882: 3880: 3877: 3875: 3872: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3691: 3689: 3687: 3681: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3626:John of Ávila 3624: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3551:Leo the Great 3549: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3537: 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3458: 3456: 3454: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3392: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3287: 3285: 3283: 3279: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3247: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3164: 3158: 3155: 3153: 3150: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3122: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3082: 3075: 3070: 3068: 3063: 3061: 3056: 3055: 3052: 3043: 3034: 3033: 3026: 3020: 3015: 3004: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2976: 2974: 2973: 2968: 2964: 2963: 2959: 2954: 2950: 2947: 2943: 2940: 2936: 2933: 2929: 2927: 2926:1-56619-516-0 2923: 2919: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2906:0-14-051312-4 2903: 2899: 2896: 2895: 2891: 2885: 2880: 2876: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2858: 2857: 2853: 2845: 2839: 2836: 2832: 2826: 2823: 2819: 2814: 2811: 2807: 2802: 2799: 2794: 2792:9780199727636 2788: 2784: 2783: 2775: 2772: 2767: 2765:9780754667254 2761: 2757: 2756: 2748: 2745: 2741: 2735: 2732: 2726: 2723: 2718: 2716:9780520956841 2712: 2708: 2707: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2684:9788876528279 2680: 2676: 2675: 2667: 2664: 2660: 2659:Drijvers 2004 2655: 2652: 2648: 2647:Drijvers 2004 2643: 2640: 2634: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2617: 2614: 2609: 2605: 2599: 2596: 2590: 2587: 2582: 2576: 2572: 2571: 2563: 2560: 2555: 2551: 2545: 2542: 2538: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2524: 2519: 2515: 2509: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2485: 2483: 2479: 2476:, p. 77. 2475: 2470: 2467: 2462: 2456: 2453: 2447: 2444: 2441:, p. 65. 2440: 2439:Drijvers 2004 2435: 2432: 2428: 2422: 2419: 2415: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2399: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2380: 2377: 2371: 2368: 2362: 2360: 2356: 2351: 2347: 2341: 2333: 2329: 2328: 2320: 2317: 2312: 2305: 2302: 2290: 2286: 2280: 2277: 2273: 2267: 2264: 2251: 2247: 2241: 2238: 2233: 2227: 2223: 2222: 2214: 2211: 2204: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2177: 2173: 2170: 2166: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2146: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2136:9783447181358 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2119: 2118:90-5693-030-3 2115: 2111: 2107: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2095: 2090: 2088: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2073: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2031: 2029: 2024: 2022: 2021: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2003: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1988: 1982: 1977: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1937: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1892: 1887: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1872: 1868: 1867:Old Testament 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1846: 1841: 1833: 1831: 1829: 1828: 1823: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1799: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1783: 1781: 1775: 1773: 1768: 1764: 1761: 1753: 1751: 1749: 1744: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1717: 1715: 1711: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1694: 1689: 1687: 1686:Pope Leo XIII 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1658: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1613: 1609: 1598: 1593: 1591: 1586: 1584: 1579: 1578: 1576: 1575: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1531: 1530: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1486:John Climacus 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1443: 1439:Major figures 1436: 1435: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1410:Nativity Fast 1408: 1407: 1402: 1401: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1388: 1384:Other feasts: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1376: 1375:Paschal cycle 1373: 1372: 1369: 1364: 1363: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1220: 1217: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1201: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1188: 1185: 1180: 1179: 1172: 1169: 1167: 1164: 1162: 1159: 1158: 1154: 1153: 1149: 1147: 1146: 1142: 1140: 1137: 1135: 1132: 1130: 1129: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1112: 1107: 1106: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1034: 1030: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1021: 1016: 1015: 1005: 1002: 1000: 997: 995: 992: 991: 989: 987: 986:North America 984: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 969: 967: 964: 962: 959: 957: 954: 952: 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 938: 934: 929: 928: 920: 917: 915: 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 896: 891: 890: 886: 883: 881: 878: 877: 872: 871: 867: 864: 862: 859: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 833: 828: 825: 824: 821: 816: 815: 808: 805: 804: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 764: 763: 762: 757: 754: 753: 749: 746: 744: 741: 737: 734: 732: 729: 728: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 716:Old Believers 714: 713: 706: 705: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 682: 679: 677: 676:Latin America 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 633: 626: 625: 617: 614: 612: 609: 607: 604: 603: 601: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 584:Americas (RP) 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 560: 557: 556: 552:jurisdictions 551: 546: 545: 539: 533: 532:Ukraine (UOC) 530: 529: 527: 522: 521:Ukraine (OCU) 519: 518: 516: 510: 507: 506: 504: 502: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 474: 471: 469: 466: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 451: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 420: 415:jurisdictions 414: 413:Autocephalous 409: 408: 400: 397: 393: 390: 389: 388: 385: 383: 380: 378: 375: 373: 370: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 343: 340: 338: 335: 334: 330: 325: 324: 316: 313: 311: 308: 306: 303: 301: 298: 296: 293: 292: 287: 281: 277: 273: 272: 266: 265: 259: 258:View of icons 256: 254: 253: 249: 247: 246: 242: 240: 237: 235: 232: 230: 227: 224: 220: 217: 215: 212: 211: 209: 208: 203: 199: 195: 189: 185: 184: 181: 177: 173: 169: 168: 157: 153: 150: 147: 144: 140: 139: 137: 135: 131: 125: 122: 120: 117: 115: 112: 110: 107: 105: 102: 101: 99: 95: 91: 86: 82: 79: 75: 69: AD 313 64: 60: 55: 51: 46: 38: 33: 30: 19: 5926:Procopius II 5916:Athanasius V 5891:Sophronius V 5866:Dositheos II 5843:Dorotheus II 5814:Theophanes I 5764:Euthemius II 5699:Nicephorus I 5694:Theophilus I 5654:Athanasius I 5514:Anastasius I 5466: 5079:Rose of Lima 4573:John Paul II 4403:Anastasius I 4373:Adeodatus II 4347: 4222:Missionaries 4132:Peter Chanel 4117:Óscar Romero 4012:Lorenzo Ruiz 3987:Great Martyr 3758: 3556:Peter Damian 3505: 3365:Peter Claver 3095:canonization 3030: 2979: 2970: 2952: 2945: 2938: 2931: 2917: 2910: 2897: 2883: 2874: 2865: 2861: 2843: 2838: 2830: 2825: 2813: 2801: 2781: 2774: 2754: 2747: 2739: 2734: 2725: 2705: 2673: 2666: 2654: 2649:, p. 7. 2642: 2633: 2625: 2621: 2616: 2608:www.ccel.org 2607: 2598: 2589: 2569: 2562: 2553: 2544: 2536: 2517: 2497: 2493: 2469: 2460: 2455: 2446: 2434: 2426: 2421: 2413: 2408: 2392: 2379: 2370: 2330:. J. Duffy. 2326: 2319: 2304: 2292:. Retrieved 2288: 2279: 2271: 2266: 2254:. 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BRILL. 2412:Sozomen, 2340:cite book 2085:Anastasis 1973:heretical 1957:Martyrion 1934:Eucharist 1918:mysteries 1871:Eucharist 1691:Cyril is 1425:Dormition 1349:Vestments 1344:Troparion 1339:Sticheron 1329:Semantron 1319:Prosphora 1244:Kontakion 1152:Theotokos 1105:Oikonomia 1064:Hesychasm 946:Pentarchy 914:Jerusalem 758:churches: 438:Jerusalem 362:Canon law 315:Orthodoxy 284:Ascension 214:Structure 90:Jerusalem 5946:Damian I 5921:Cyril II 5906:Anthemus 5876:Meletius 5846:Germanus 5831:Jacob II 5669:John VII 5614:Basileus 5609:Thomas I 5599:Elias II 5594:Theodore 5574:Modestus 5534:John III 5477:Praulius 5457:Macarius 5377:Gaius II 5362:Julian I 5332:Joseph I 5302:Matthias 5292:Benjamin 5113:See also 5014:Euphemia 4851:Jeremiah 4831:Habakkuk 4788:Prophets 4763:Vitalian 4758:Victor I 4708:Sixtus I 4703:Siricius 4633:Martin I 4613:Lucius I 4578:Julius I 4543:Hilarius 4513:Felix IV 4483:Eusebius 4478:Eugene I 4408:Anicetus 4280:Remigius 4235:Boniface 3641:Irenaeus 3423:Silvanus 3370:Salonius 3215:Matthias 3180:Barnabas 3167:Apostles 3036:350–386 3003:LibriVox 2984:(German) 2332:Archived 2294:27 March 2256:15 March 2183:See also 2105:München. 2096:Editions 2079:, these 2011:Golgotha 1932:and the 1805:Emperor 1712:and the 1506:Kassiani 1204:Akathist 1134:Phronema 1122:Palamism 1111:Akribeia 1020:Theology 767:Abkhazia 756:National 458:Bulgaria 399:Bratstvo 337:Autonomy 286:of Jesus 219:Theology 205:Overview 172:a series 170:Part of 152:Paremhat 5998:Portals 5857:Paiseus 5819:Joachim 5799:Lazarus 5739:John IX 5734:Nicolas 5689:Orestes 5664:Agathon 5629:Solomon 5619:John VI 5554:John IV 5529:Elias I 5509:Juvenal 5482:Juvenal 5472:John II 5467:Cyril I 5447:Zamudas 5442:Imeneus 5427:Gordius 5367:Gaius I 5352:Poplius 5312:Senecas 5247:of the 5241:Bishops 5074:Rosalia 4999:Cecilia 4946:Virgins 4906:Obadiah 4881:Malachi 4826:Ezekiel 4778:Zosimus 4768:Zachary 4753:Urban I 4683:Pontian 4658:Paul VI 4593:Leo III 4553:Hyginus 4503:Felix I 4413:Anterus 4343:Solomon 4308:Abraham 4152:Stephen 3919:Martyrs 3686:Fathers 3659:Matthew 3466:Ambrose 3433:Timothy 3428:Stephen 3403:Apollos 3310:Dominic 3272:Raphael 3265:  3263:Michael 3258:Gabriel 3210:Matthew 3107:Blessed 3042:John II 2854:Sources 2464:though. 2416:, 4.25. 1926:Baptism 1898:baptism 1729:Maximus 1695:in the 1655:Liturgy 1643:Maximus 1219:Ectenia 1145:Theosis 933:History 866:Seventh 772:Belarus 661:Germany 641:Austria 564:Finland 509:America 501:de jure 483:Albania 463:Georgia 453:Romania 433:Antioch 392:Degrees 382:Deacons 377:Priests 372:Bishops 229:Liturgy 221: ( 6048:Israel 6012:Saints 5724:Savvas 5604:George 5589:John V 5402:Valens 5387:Capion 5342:Marcus 5327:Ephram 5307:Philip 5297:John I 5287:Tobias 5277:Justus 4921:Simeon 4911:Samuel 4846:Isaiah 4836:Haggai 4821:Elijah 4796:Agabus 4678:Pius X 4673:Pius V 4668:Pius I 4653:Paul I 4603:Leo IX 4598:Leo IV 4588:Leo II 4563:John I 4498:Fabian 4388:Agatho 4323:Joseph 3684:Church 3476:Jerome 3240:Thomas 3230:Philip 3175:Andrew 2924:  2904:  2789:  2762:  2713:  2681:  2577:  2492:". In 2400:  2228:  2134:  2116:  2077:Egeria 2015:Letter 1807:Valens 1796:Julian 1788:Tarsus 1748:Egeria 1737:Jerome 1721:deacon 1668:, the 1289:Praxis 1099:Nepsis 976:Russia 909:Moscow 880:Eighth 851:Fourth 841:Second 797:UOC–KP 792:Turkey 782:Latvia 656:France 651:Canada 478:Poland 473:Greece 468:Cyprus 448:Serbia 443:Russia 367:Clergy 174:on the 5564:Isaac 5539:Peter 5452:Ermon 5337:Judas 5322:Levis 4901:Nahum 4896:Moses 4891:Micah 4871:Jonah 4841:Hosea 4816:David 4723:Soter 4663:Peter 4608:Linus 4583:Leo I 4433:Caius 4360:Popes 4333:David 4318:Jacob 4313:Isaac 3729:Caius 3438:Titus 3235:Simon 3225:Peter 3111:Saint 2385:Arian 2091:Works 1969:pagan 1965:Creed 1945:Greek 1803:Arian 1767:Arian 1741:Arian 1662:saint 1624:Latin 1612:Greek 1214:Artos 1117:Ousia 1079:Icons 904:Jassy 885:Ninth 861:Sixth 856:Fifth 846:Third 836:First 777:Italy 559:Sinai 134:Feast 37:Saint 5559:Amos 5417:Dius 5243:and 4861:Joel 4806:Anna 4801:Amos 4628:Mark 4338:Noah 4303:Abel 4298:Adam 3674:John 3669:Luke 3664:Mark 3220:Paul 3205:Jude 3200:John 2922:ISBN 2902:ISBN 2787:ISBN 2760:ISBN 2711:ISBN 2679:ISBN 2575:ISBN 2398:ISBN 2350:link 2346:link 2296:2021 2258:2023 2226:ISBN 2132:ISBN 2114:ISBN 2062:John 1939:His 1546:Folk 1427:Fast 1259:Lity 1004:2018 999:1996 154:22 ( 84:Died 62:Born 4856:Job 3001:at 2622:Cat 1924:of 1908:or 1684:by 1139:Sin 1108:vs 6060:: 3097:: 2693:^ 2606:. 2552:. 2526:^ 2516:. 2505:^ 2496:. 2481:^ 2461:HE 2414:HE 2374:a. 2358:^ 2342:}} 2338:{{ 2287:. 2248:. 2126:, 2072:. 1936:. 1928:, 1904:, 1852:, 1830:. 1750:. 1716:. 1688:. 1672:, 1632:c. 1630:; 1626:: 1622:; 1618:, 1614:: 503:: 196:, 76:, 66:c. 6000:: 5233:e 5226:t 5219:v 3073:e 3066:t 3059:v 2982:) 2965:" 2808:. 2610:. 2556:. 2520:. 2498:4 2352:) 2298:. 2260:. 2234:. 1943:( 1610:( 1596:e 1589:t 1582:v 1035:) 1031:( 829:: 225:) 158:) 20:)

Index

St Cyril of Jerusalem
Saint

Caesarea Maritima
Syria Palaestina
Jerusalem
Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Oriental Orthodoxy
Anglican Communion
Lutheran Church
Feast
Byzantine Christianity
Paremhat
Coptic Christianity
a series
Eastern Orthodox Church
Christ Pantocrator (Deesis mosaic detail)
Christ Pantocrator
Hagia Sophia
Structure
Theology
History of theology
Liturgy
Church history
Holy Mysteries
View of salvation
View of Mary
View of icons
Crucifixion

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