471:
390:
151:", all under a master. It was a religious community and medieval hospital for poor infirm people next to the Tower of London. In 1273, after a dispute over its control, Queen Eleanor granted a new charter, reserving the foundation's patronage to the queens of England. For 678 years, the foundation carried on its work in the East End of London despite periodic difficulties and renewal. In the 15th century its musical reputation rivalled that of
107:
33:
399:
440:
238:
At the time of the
Spanish Armada, Queen Elizabeth I wanted to understand the number and origin of foreigners in London. At that time the little Precinct included 425 foreigners many of them shoemakers, with many of the English subjects working as seamen. The foreigners included 328 Dutch, 69 French
493:
from
Mirfield providing worship and service. The foundation remained under the care of this community for some 45 years until 1993. In 2004, St Katharine’s modernised and expanded its facilities to include a retreat and conference centre, so making available its hospitality more widely within the
223:'s 1598 "Survey of London" called them "small tenements and homely cottages, having as inhabitants, English and strangers , more in number than some city in England". Since the City's guilds' restrictions did not apply here, foreign craftsmen were attracted to the Liberty, as were many seamen and
280:
The diverse nature of the area's population can be seen through the sectarian Gordon Riots in 1780. The ringleaders of the protestant mob that sought to destroy the church was led by a lame soldier named MacDonald, and two women, one black and one white. All three were hanged, on Tower Hill, for
211:
in 1531, the land became the property of the Crown, and many of the religious houses were given to prominent nobles. The hospital of St
Katharine was not seized, but re-established as a Protestant house — with houses and a brewery being built within the precincts.
393:
Map showing East End civil parish boundaries in 1870. St
Katherine's Precinct is to the left by the river in the purple shaded section. The foundation returned to the East End after World War II, now in the area near center of the map, called Ratcliff
242:
With trade in the City regulated by the City, St
Katharine became an area for foreign settlement. At the end of the 19th century, the quay was the terminus for passenger boats arriving from northern Europe, and became the arrival point for
1776:
1036:, A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 1: Physique, Archaeology, Domesday, Ecclesiastical Organization, The Jews, Religious Houses, Education of Working Classes to 1870, Private Education from Sixteenth Century (1969), pp. 149–51
191:
From 1236, the area had a Jewish population, settled in the area for the protection of the Tower and its garrison. The Jews had to take refuge in the Tower several times and on at least one of those occasions, in 1267, during the
178:
and the
Puritan Revolution. Its continuing establishment of lay brothers and sisters, however, drew hostile attention from extreme Protestants—for example, it was only saved from being burned down by the mob in the 1780
422:) the dock construction was praised for demolishing "some of the most insanitary and unsalutary dwellings in London". The old buildings of St Katharine's Liberty were demolished and its inhabitants scattered, to create
1786:
230:
Foreign ships were not permitted to use the wharfs within the City, and St
Katharine's Quay came to be used extensively for unloading these, particularly Dutch ships. Many French settled here, after the loss of
219:) in the precinct, with many foreigners, vagabonds and prostitutes, crammed along narrow lanes (with names like Dark Entry, Cat's Hole, Shovel Alley, Rookery and Pillory Lane) and many houses in poor repair –
90:
The institution itself survived the destruction associated with the construction of the dock, by transferring to a site near
Regents Park, but it returned to the East End after World War II, using the site of
239:(mostly hatmakers), 12 Scots, 8 Danes, 5 Poles, 2 Spaniards and 1 Italian. It's not clear if the exiles from Calais were counted among the French or whether they were considered as English subjects.
1622:
1796:
780:
418:, and St Katharine's was chosen as the location in 1825. Some opposed the demolition of such an ancient establishment but in large part (in the words of Sir James Broodbank in his
1791:
1766:
303:
Decennial census data from the
Precinct illustrates the once densely populated nature of the area, and the steep fall in population associated with the creation of the docks.
1376:
1806:
1756:
1627:
1707:
1426:
609:
1751:
663:
203:
In 1442, the neighbourhood "was constituted a
Precinct free from jurisdiction civil or ecclesiastical, except that of the Lord Chancellor". With the
481:
In 1948, St Katharine's returned to East London after a gap of 123 years. It now uses the site of the former St James Church, the parish church of
1746:
1369:
170:
but re-established in a Protestant form. It continued to exist through the religious changes of the time: reversion to Roman Catholicism under
470:
1771:
1691:
1141:
1107:
709:
672:
1761:
1617:
485:
which had been destroyed in the Blitz. The present location, which is a mile from its original site, became a retreat house with Father
1667:
1781:
1642:
1612:
1362:
235:. A large number were from the districts of Hammes and Guisnes, leading to a part of the Precinct becoming known as Hangman's Gains.
1657:
1217:
996:
285:
1652:
451:, where it took the form of almshouses and continued for 125 years. St Katharine's Church was built there from 1826 to 1828, with
1513:
770:
1386:
1064:
Walter Thornbury, 'St. Katherine's Docks', in Old and New London: Volume 2 (London, 1878), pp. 117-121. British History Online
1632:
846:
A picturesque guide to the Regent's park; with accurate descriptions of the Colosseum, the diorama, and the zoological gardens
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941:
204:
167:
1436:
1607:
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1441:
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128:
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1555:
792:
Thomas Walsingham died in 1457 and he and his wife, Margaret, were buried in the church of St Katherine’s by the Tower.
1662:
1647:
1406:
687:
494:
Church of England and to other churches, charities, voluntary and public sector bodies and to associated individuals.
402:
Maps showing the St Katharine's district, and parts of East Smithfield that would be destroyed by the new dock complex
1589:
1560:
1538:
1672:
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297:
152:
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925:
459:
166:
Its liberty status and the fact it was personally owned and protected by the Queen Mother, meant that it was not
80:
127:, in 1147 in memory of two of her children, Baldwin and Matilda, who had died in infancy and been buried in the
1801:
1518:
1173:
636:
124:
1523:
1416:
809:, set in the years following the French Revolution. He also deplored its demolition in his non-fiction book
678:
155:
and in 1442 it was granted a charter of privileges which made it and its 23-acre (93,000 m) precinct a
1528:
1474:
1411:
594:
274:
277:
the liberty's mortality rate was half of the rate in areas to the north and east of the City of London.
1421:
642:
208:
1192:
406:
Georgian London, by then one of the world's largest cities, had seen several docks built to handle its
193:
978:, Vol. III, no. 35 (Christmas 1933-January 1934) (Tower Hamlets History Online) accessed 23 March 2008
1178:
951:, Vol. III, no. 35 (Christmas 1933-January 1934) (Tower Hamlets History Online) accessed 5th May 2023
776:
630:
615:
140:
76:
1292:
1262:
1168:
407:
120:
36:
East end of St Katharine's Church, the chapel of the hospice before its removal in the 19th century
1266:"Account of the Royal Hospital and Collegiate Chapel of Saint Katherine, Near the Tower of London"
875:
1677:
1278:
1065:
423:
384:
267:
156:
132:
84:
72:
45:
389:
17:
1078:
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200:
during a siege. This arrangement lasted until the expulsion of the Jews from England in 1290.
1265:
1131:
1009:
1498:
1469:
844:
585:
448:
380:
293:
216:
1032:
106:
1243:
1079:"St Katherine By the Tower ExP/CP through time - Population Statistics - Total Population"
972:
945:
703:
561:
452:
289:
197:
57:
869:
1011:
The History and Antiquities of London, Westminster, Southwark, and Other Parts Adjacent
903:
621:
447:
The institution, now called the Royal Foundation of St Katharine, moved to a site near
415:
411:
292:
status ended, following the Poor Law Amendment Act 1866. The parish became part of the
244:
160:
64:
48:. The Foundation traces its origins back to the medieval church and monastic hospital
1740:
1318:
802:
786:
263:
252:
224:
180:
32:
963:
936:
143:. It was made up of three brothers, three sisters (with full and equal rights), a
83:. Both the church and the district were destroyed in 1825 to make way for the new
1207:
1164:
727:
486:
398:
248:
175:
136:
897:
1431:
1239:
1048:
926:
https://www.jpost.com/Jerusalem-Report/The-Tower-of-London-and-the-Jews-556561
259:
1722:
1709:
1349:
1354:
439:
220:
100:
410:. There was commercial pressure for another dock, further upriver near the
474:
The current home of the Royal Foundation of Saint Katharine, Butcher Row,
482:
475:
215:
By Henry VIII's time, there were 1,000 houses (including a brewery – the
144:
92:
1777:
Former buildings and structures in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
270:
returns, which was not typical for extra-parochial places in London.
232:
171:
148:
1209:
Through our long exile: contextual theology and the urban experience
831:
469:
438:
397:
388:
105:
54:
Royal Hospital and Collegiate Church of St. Katharine by the Tower
31:
296:
in 1889. In 1895 it was abolished as a parish and combined with
1358:
1066:
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/old-new-london/vol2/pp117-121
458:
The former chapel of St Katharine at Regent's Park is now the
258:
The status of St Katharine's appears to be ambiguous with the
87:
which took its name from the church and district it replaced.
284:
The area of St Katharine's by the Tower was grouped into the
1787:
Former civil parishes in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
1133:
Thomas Tooke and the Monetary Thought of Classical Economics
443:
St Katharine's Church, Regent's Park (now the Danish Church)
247:
fleeing persecution in eastern Europe. Many settled around
1344:
266:. The area was successfully incorporated into the weekly
159:
with its own prison, officers and court, all outside the
1193:"St Katharine's Church | Friends of Regent's Park"
1099:
Hospital Care and the British Standing Army: 1660–1714
273:
Despite the high population density, however, in the
131:. Its endowment was increased by two queens consort,
1686:
1598:
1577:
1547:
1487:
1450:
1393:
288:in 1855 and became a civil parish in 1866 when its
1623:Holy Name & Our Lady of the Sacred Heart, Bow
832:History page of the Foundation's official website
1797:Religious organizations established in the 1140s
183:by a small group of pro-government inhabitants.
110:St Katharine by the Tower decoration on lamppost
1370:
99:, which had been destroyed by bombing during
8:
801:The establishment forms the setting for Sir
610:Thomas Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Sudeley
71:, a small but densely populated district; a
1792:Parishes united into districts (Metropolis)
1767:Buildings and structures demolished in 1825
1683:
1544:
1447:
1377:
1363:
1355:
1212:. Darton Longman & Todd. p. 212.
827:
825:
163:'s ecclesiastical and civil jurisdiction.
1807:English medieval hospitals and almshouses
1628:Our Lady & St Catherine of Siena, Bow
664:William Brouncker, 2nd Viscount Brouncker
558:William de Kildesbey (or Killesby) (1377)
1757:12th-century church buildings in England
1102:. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 109.
1096:Arni, Eric Gruber Von (1 January 2006).
959:
957:
305:
129:Priory Church of Holy Trinity at Aldgate
1350:Royall Family & East London History
821:
255:, only a half–mile to the north.
1049:"Chapter 5. St Katherine by the Tower"
27:Medieval church and hospital in London
1608:Bromley-by-Bow United Reformed Church
1320:St. Katherine's by the tower: a novel
673:Louis de Duras, 2nd Earl of Feversham
381:London Docklands § Establishment
69:Precinct of St Katharine by the Tower
7:
1585:St Peter ad Vincula, Tower of London
1136:. Taylor & Francis. p. 15.
56:), established in 1147, next to the
44:is a religious charity based in the
1279:"Roger Preece appointed new master"
1130:Smith, Matthew (15 February 2011).
965:St. Katharine's and East Smithfield
938:St. Katharine's and East Smithfield
1692:St George's German Lutheran Church
1673:Trinity Independent Chapel, Poplar
1658:St Mary & St Michael, Shadwell
1613:English Martyrs Church, Tower Hill
753:Rev. Prebendary David Paton (2006)
750:Rev. Prebendary Ronald Swan (1997)
25:
1752:1825 disestablishments in England
1590:St John's Chapel, Tower of London
1556:St James the Great, Bethnal Green
759:The Venerable Roger Preece (2019)
718:Rev. J.H.S. St. John Blunt (1879)
79:status, and which later became a
1514:St James-the-Less, Bethnal Green
771:John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter
534:Robert de Bast (or Basse) (1327)
281:their role in the disturbances.
42:Royal Foundation of St Katharine
18:St Katharine's by the Tower
1653:St Mary & St Joseph, Poplar
1643:St. Casimir's Lithuanian Church
1561:St Simon Zelotes, Bethnal Green
1747:1147 establishments in England
1633:Our Lady Immaculate, Limehouse
1475:St Matthias Old Church, Poplar
728:Rev. St. John B. Groser (1948)
205:Dissolution of the Monasteries
174:, return to Anglicanism under
1:
1566:St Bartholomew, Bethnal Green
1470:St Mary Matfelon, Whitechapel
843:London Regent's park (1829).
781:English ambassador to Morocco
741:Rev. George Sidebotham (1975)
721:Rev. Arthur L.B. Peile (1889)
491:Community of the Resurrection
489:as master and members of the
420:History of the Port of London
1772:Destroyed churches in London
1297:The Friends of Scadbury Park
1038:Date accessed: 24 March 2008
744:Rev. Christopher Lowe (1982)
724:Rev. Severne Majendie (1914)
1762:Bills of mortality parishes
1465:St Katharine's by the Tower
1407:Christ Church, Spitalfields
1317:Besant, Sir Walter (1891).
1293:"Brief history of Scadbury"
991:pp. 45, (Macmillan, 1998),
807:St Katherine's by the Tower
747:Rev. Malcolm Johnson (1993)
710:Maj-Gen. Sir Herbert Taylor
573:Thomas de Beckington (1444)
552:Paul de Monte-Florio (1351)
531:Richard de Lutishall (1316)
510:Walter de Runachmore (1263)
50:St Katharine's by the Tower
1823:
1509:St Barnabas, Bethnal Green
1083:www.visionofbritain.org.uk
735:Rev. Augustine Hoey (1968)
555:John de Hermesthorp (1368)
540:William de Erldesby (1340)
522:Symon de Stanbridge (1288)
516:Stephen de Fulborne (1269)
378:
298:St Botolph without Aldgate
1782:Former churches in London
1618:Guardian Angels, Mile End
1534:St Peter's, Bethnal Green
1437:St Matthew, Bethnal Green
1432:St Mary, Stratford-le-Bow
738:Rev. Jack Guinness (1972)
699:Maj. William Price (1800)
537:William de Culshoe (1336)
519:Thomas de Lechlake (1273)
1723:51.5064139°N 0.0727417°W
1678:Zoar Chapel, Whitechapel
1519:St John on Bethnal Green
1174:The London Encyclopaedia
976:The Copartnership Herald
949:The Copartnership Herald
896:Knight, Charles (1851).
789:, (d. 20 September 1432)
732:Rev. Henry Cooper (1963)
693:Edmund Waller Jr. (1747)
603:George de Athequa (1527)
546:William de Hogate (1348)
525:Walter de Reading (1295)
414:, close to the heart of
1251:"Monasticon Anglicanum"
1206:Leech, Kenneth (2001).
1014:. G. Virtue. p. 18
924:Jerusalem Post article
902:. H. G. Bohn. pp.
756:Rev. Mark Aitken (2013)
669:Sir James Butler (1684)
648:Sir Robert Acton (1636)
513:Thomas de Chalke (1266)
67:, was the heart of the
1728:51.5064139; -0.0727417
1539:St Peter, London Docks
1008:Allen, Thomas (1839).
874:. Ch. Knight. p.
591:William Wernham (1484)
582:Henry Trevilian (1461)
567:William Wrixham (1412)
543:Walter Watewany (1347)
528:John de Sandale (1315)
498:Masters of the college
478:
466:Return to the East End
444:
408:huge shipping industry
403:
395:
111:
37:
1422:St George in the East
1323:. Chatto & Windus
871:Cyclopaedia of London
715:William Ashley (1839)
684:William Farrer (1715)
654:Henry Montague (1659)
606:Gilbert Latham (1536)
473:
442:
401:
392:
262:behaving more like a
196:, formed part of its
109:
35:
1668:St Paul, Cubitt Town
1638:St Anne, Whitechapel
1263:Nichols, John Bowyer
1177:(reprint ed.).
1169:Hibbert, Christopher
777:William Rainsborough
696:Stephen Digby (1786)
627:Thomas Wylson (1561)
579:William Cleve (1449)
576:John Delabere (1446)
286:Whitechapel District
141:Philippa of Hainault
135:(who gave a gift of
1719: /
1663:St Patrick, Wapping
1648:St Edmund, Millwall
1529:St Paul's, Old Ford
1524:St Paul, Bow Common
1417:St Dunstan, Stepney
989:A History of London
971:2 June 2008 at the
944:2 June 2008 at the
868:Knight, C. (1851).
797:Cultural references
616:Sir Francis Fleming
600:John Preston (1508)
570:John Francke (1438)
502:Masters have been:
153:St Paul's Cathedral
1504:All Saints, Poplar
1460:St John of Wapping
1412:St Anne, Limehouse
1248:Bandinel, Bulkeley
479:
455:as its architect.
445:
424:St Katharine Docks
404:
396:
385:St Katharine Docks
375:St Katharine Docks
268:Bills of mortality
198:defensive garrison
194:Second Barons' War
133:Eleanor of Castile
119:It was founded by
112:
85:St Katharine Docks
46:East End of London
38:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1573:
1572:
1483:
1482:
1442:St Paul, Shadwell
1143:978-1-136-81719-9
1109:978-0-7546-5463-6
987:Inwood, Stephen,
787:Countess of March
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371:
16:(Redirected from
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1345:Official website
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586:Lionel Woodville
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294:County of London
217:Red Lion Brewery
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1195:. 26 June 2020.
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688:George Berkeley
658:George Montague
651:Dr. Coxe (1653)
562:Richard Prentys
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453:Ambrose Poynter
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430:After the docks
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377:
290:extra-parochial
209:King Henry VIII
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115:Original church
95:parish church,
77:extra-parochial
58:Tower of London
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1181:. p. 748.
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245:Ashkenazi Jews
188:
185:
161:City of London
147:and six "poor
116:
113:
65:royal peculiar
63:The church, a
26:
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1711:51°30′23.09″N
1693:
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1687:Deconsecrated
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629:
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584:
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121:Queen Matilda
114:
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1704:
1550:or destroyed
1464:
1453:or destroyed
1385:Churches in
1325:. Retrieved
1319:
1312:
1300:. Retrieved
1296:
1287:
1273:
1258:
1244:Ellis, Henry
1235:
1223:. Retrieved
1208:
1201:
1187:
1172:
1165:Weinreb, Ben
1159:
1147:. Retrieved
1132:
1125:
1113:. Retrieved
1098:
1091:
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1028:
1016:. Retrieved
1010:
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932:
920:
908:. Retrieved
898:
891:
879:. Retrieved
870:
863:
851:. Retrieved
845:
838:
810:
806:
800:
637:Ralph Rokeby
501:
480:
457:
446:
435:Regents Park
419:
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302:
283:
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275:Great Plague
272:
257:
253:Spitalfields
241:
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190:
181:Gordon Riots
165:
125:King Stephen
118:
96:
89:
81:civil parish
68:
62:
53:
49:
41:
39:
29:
1726: /
1714:0°4′21.87″W
1240:Caley, John
849:. p. 8
811:East London
631:David Lewis
487:John Groser
341:Population
249:Whitechapel
176:Elizabeth I
52:(full name
1741:Categories
1400:(pre-1800)
817:References
379:See also:
260:court leet
145:bedeswoman
123:, wife of
93:Ratcliff's
1179:Macmillan
805:'s novel
779:, MP and
221:John Stow
168:dissolved
101:the Blitz
1492:churches
1490:daughter
1488:Anglican
1398:churches
1171:(1992).
1034:The Jews
969:Archived
942:Archived
483:Ratcliff
476:Ratcliff
416:the City
225:rivermen
187:Precinct
97:St James
1394:Ancient
1327:20 June
1302:29 July
1253:pg. 695
1225:20 June
1149:20 June
1115:20 June
1018:20 June
910:20 June
881:20 June
853:20 June
765:Burials
157:liberty
73:Liberty
1396:parish
1268:pg. 40
1216:
1140:
1106:
995:
899:London
712:(1818)
706:(1816)
690:(1738)
681:(1709)
675:(1698)
666:(1681)
660:(1661)
645:(1596)
639:(1587)
633:(1581)
624:(1554)
618:(1549)
612:(1547)
597:(1499)
588:(1475)
564:(1402)
394:(pink)
383:, and
233:Calais
172:Mary I
149:clerks
139:) and
137:manors
1599:Other
1052:(PDF)
775:VADM
702:Col.
350:2,624
347:2,706
344:2,652
336:1891
75:with
1329:2013
1304:2019
1246:and
1227:2013
1214:ISBN
1151:2013
1138:ISBN
1117:2013
1104:ISBN
1020:2013
993:ISBN
912:2013
883:2013
855:2013
368:182
333:1881
330:1871
327:1851
324:1841
321:1831
318:1821
315:1811
312:1801
309:Year
251:and
40:The
876:308
365:104
362:241
359:517
227:.
207:by
60:.
1743::
1295:.
1242:,
1167:;
1081:.
956:^
824:^
813:.
462:.
426:.
356:96
353:72
300:.
103:.
1378:e
1371:t
1364:v
1331:.
1306:.
1281:.
1229:.
1153:.
1119:.
1085:.
1068:.
1054:.
1022:.
914:.
906:–
904:1
885:.
857:.
20:)
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