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443:, the symbol of an archbishop's authority, to each of them. The pope's letter shows no hint that news of Edwin's death had reached Rome, almost nine months after the supposed date of the battle. The historian D. P. Kirby argues that this lack of awareness makes it more likely that the battle occurred in 634.
370:
to be baptised if he won a victory over Wessex. He did not fulfill his promise immediately after his subsequent military success against the West Saxons however, only converting after
Paulinus had revealed the details of a dream the king had before he took the throne, during his exile at the court of
519:, one of Edwin's successors, was converted to Christianity by Paulinus, he returned to paganism after Edwin's death. Hilda, however, remained a Christian, and eventually went on to become abbess of the influential Whitby Abbey. Northumbria's conversion to Christianity was mainly achieved by
303:
and others, as part of the second group of missionaries sent to convert the Anglo-Saxons to
Christianity. He was probably an Italian by birth. The second group of missionaries arrived in Kent by 604, but little is known of Paulinus's further activities until he went to Northumbria.
315:, on 21 July. He then accompanied Æthelburg, the sister of King Eadbald of Kent, to Northumbria where she was to marry King Edwin of Northumbria. A condition of the marriage was that Edwin had promised that he would allow Æthelburg to remain a Christian and worship as she chose.
375:. In this dream, according to Bede, a stranger told Edwin that power would be his in the future when someone laid a hand on his head. As Paulinus was revealing the dream to Edwin, he laid his hand on the king's head, which was the proof Edwin needed. A late seventh-century
68:
514:
Paulinus's missionary efforts are difficult to evaluate. Bede implies that the mission in
Northumbria was successful, but there is little supporting evidence, and it is more likely that Paulinus's missionary efforts there were relatively ineffectual. Although
322:
There is some difficulty with Bede's chronology on the date of Æthelburh's marriage, as surviving papal letters to Edwin urging him to convert imply that
Eadbald only recently had become a Christian, which conflicts with Bede's chronology. The historian
495:(ritually moved) to a new shrine. There also were shrines to Paulinus at Canterbury, and at least five churches were dedicated to him. Although Rochester held some of Paulinus's relics, the promotion of his cult there appears to have occurred after the
446:
Edwin's defeat and death caused his kingdom to fragment into at least two parts. It also led to a sharp decline in
Christianity in Northumbria when Edwin's immediate successors reverted to paganism. Widowed queen Æthelburg fled to her brother
336:, argues that Æthelburh and Edwin were married before 625, but that she did not go to Northumbria until 625. If Kirby's arguments are accepted, then the date of Paulinus's consecration needs to be changed by a year, to 21 July 626.
361:
Bede relates that
Paulinus told Edwin that the birth of his and Æthelburg's daughter at Easter 626 was because of Paulinus's prayers. The birth coincided with a foiled assassination attempt on the king by a group of
327:
argues that
Paulinus and Æthelburh must therefore have gone to Northumbria earlier than 624, and that Paulinus went north, not as a bishop, but as a priest, returning later to be consecrated. The historian
379:
of Pope
Gregory I claims that Paulinus was the stranger in the vision; if true, it might suggest that Paulinus spent some time at Rædwald's court, although Bede does not mention any such visit.
382:
It is unlikely that supernatural affairs and
Paulinus's persuasion alone caused Edwin to convert. The Northumbrian nobles seem to have been willing and the king also received letters from Pope
1520:
275:
from the pope, symbolizing his appointment as
Archbishop of York, but too late to be effective. After his death in 644, Paulinus was canonized as a saint and is now venerated in the
339:
Bede describes Paulinus as "a man tall of stature, a little stooping, with black hair and a thin face, a hooked and thin nose, his aspect both venerable and awe-inspiring".
451:'s Kent kingdom. Paulinus went with her, along with Edwin and Æthelburg's son, daughter, and grandson. The two boys went to the continent for safety, to the court of King
408:, so Paulinus established his church there. Although built of stone, no trace of it has been found. Paulinus also built several churches on royal estates. His church in
252:, and eventually succeeded in converting Edwin to Christianity. Paulinus also converted many of Edwin's subjects and built some churches. One of the women Paulinus
2149:
1513:
2943:
2809:
319:, writing in the early 8th century, reports that Paulinus wished to convert the Northumbrians, as well as provide religious services to the new queen.
2013:
459:, which he held until his death. Because the pallium did not reach Paulinus until after he had left York, it was of no use to him. Paulinus's deputy,
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1506:
1191:
536:
4369:
4065:
419:, and Hilda's successor, Eanflæd, Edwin's daughter. As the only Roman bishop in England, Paulinus also consecrated another Gregorian missionary,
225:, Paulinus arrived in England by 604 with the second missionary group. Little is known of Paulinus's activities in the following two decades.
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Following Edwin's death in 633, Paulinus and Æthelburg fled Northumbria, leaving behind a member of Paulinus's clergy,
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If Kirby's arguments on the date of Paulinus's consecration are accepted, this date would be 10 October 645 instead.
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455:. Æthelburg, Eanflæd, and Paulinus remained in Kent, where Paulinus was offered the see, or bishopric, of
435:, on a date traditionally given as 12 October 633. One problem with the dating of the battle is that Pope
420:
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479:, the first Englishman consecrated to a Gregorian missionary see. After Paulinus's death, Paulinus was
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268:
157:
73:
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329:
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202:
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59:
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2347:
394:, Paulinus spent 36 days baptising new converts. Paulinus also was an active missionary in
3596:
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urging his conversion. Eventually convinced, Edwin and many of his followers were baptised at
324:
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1611:
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1490:
1235:
1022:
556:
476:
460:
276:
264:
214:
4195:
3551:
1428: – listing of most contemporary and close to contemporary mentions of Paulinus in the
431:
Edwin was defeated by an alliance of Gwynedd Welsh and Mercian Angles, being killed at the
412:
has been identified with the earliest building phase of the church of St Paul in the Bail.
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436:
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in 627. One story relates that during a stay with Edwin and Æthelburg at their palace in
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2624:
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2443:
2103:
2093:
1706:
1563:
1439:
1192:"The Shrines of Saints in later Anglo-Saxon England: Distribution and Significance"
1143:
1113:
480:
439:
wrote in June 634 to Paulinus and Archbishop Honorius saying that he was sending a
416:
233:
218:
17:
2891:
1498:
1040:
366:
from Wessex. Edwin promised to convert to Christianity and allow his new daughter
423:, as Archbishop of Canterbury after Justus' death, sometime between 628 and 631.
398:, and his missionary activities help show the limits of Edwin's royal authority.
4060:
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3541:
3319:
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2981:
2921:
2701:
2651:
2549:
2533:
1983:
1831:
1751:
1631:
1539:
376:
245:
30:
This article is about the 7th century missionary and saint. For other uses, see
4297:
2905:
1331:
The Conversion of Britain: Religion, Politics and Society in Britain c. 600–800
1026:
487:
on 10 October. When a new church was constructed at Rochester in the 1080s his
4200:
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3717:
3616:
3521:
3335:
2599:
2574:
2569:
2438:
2293:
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1239:
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452:
367:
352:
4105:
3887:
3772:
3757:
3732:
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3213:
2756:
2478:
2283:
1846:
391:
67:
415:
Among those baptised by Paulinus were Hilda, later the founding abbess of
307:
Paulinus remained in Kent until 625, when he was consecrated as bishop by
4241:
4185:
4175:
4120:
4115:
3968:
3882:
3877:
3857:
3767:
3727:
3611:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3390:
3385:
3375:
3263:
3187:
3182:
3051:
2866:
2255:
2245:
1696:
1671:
472:
471:
Paulinus died on 10 October 644 at Rochester, where he was buried in the
300:
4210:
4165:
4125:
4080:
3928:
3902:
3892:
3872:
3742:
3621:
3001:
2996:
2288:
2250:
2207:
2127:
1641:
1558:
1247:
998:(Reprint of 1970 ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
440:
405:
272:
253:
4009:
3958:
3837:
3576:
3299:
3258:
3218:
2986:
2971:
2856:
2352:
2337:
2172:
1646:
1071:(Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
363:
308:
126:
463:, remained in the north and struggled to rebuild the Roman mission.
4251:
3852:
3092:
3041:
3021:
3016:
2232:
2197:
488:
346:
47:
401:
Pope Gregory's plan had been that York would be England's second
4170:
3842:
3752:
3712:
3147:
387:
316:
229:
2925:
2791:
2131:
1502:
1201:. Department of Archaeology, University of York. Archived from
562:
1172:. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.
1309:
Kingship and Government in Pre-Conquest England c. 500–1066
1067:
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996).
577:
571:
201:(died 10 October 644) was a Roman missionary and the first
1021:(October 2005 revised ed.). Oxford University Press.
1270:(Third ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
1052:(Fifth ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
523:
brought into the region by Edwin's eventual successor,
4262:
589:
580:
574:
568:
559:
4229:
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3992:
3911:
3635:
3404:
3328:
3287:
3232:
3201:
3060:
2959:
2542:
2328:
2165:
1890:
1582:
1537:
565:
176:
168:
163:
153:
137:
132:
119:
114:
104:
96:
88:
80:
45:
1408:Studies in Church History IV: The Province of York
1224:(September 2002). "The Naming of Bishop Ithamar".
1148:The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England
1118:The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England
332:agrees with Kirby's reasoning. Another historian,
1170:The Coming of Christianity to Anglo-Saxon England
27:7th-century missionary, Bishop of York, and saint
1353:Kings and Kingdoms of Early Anglo-Saxon England
605:York did not become an archbishopric until 735.
1394:. Vol. 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
475:of the church. His successor at Rochester was
2937:
2803:
2143:
1514:
850:
848:
776:Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England
726:
724:
634:Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England
351:Map of some of the kingdoms of Great Britain
267:. Paulinus returned to Kent, where he became
8:
697:
695:
2944:
2930:
2922:
2810:
2796:
2788:
2150:
2136:
2128:
1521:
1507:
1499:
1435:
1432:. Includes some spurious charter listings.
295:Paulinus was a monk from Rome sent to the
66:
42:
1287:A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West
1138:(2001). "Paulinus". In Lapidge, Michael;
1108:(2001). "Ecgberht". In Lapidge, Michael;
866:
864:
537:List of members of the Gregorian mission
4269:
1019:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
675:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
625:
547:
1150:. Malden, MA: Blackwell. p. 359.
1120:. Malden, MA: Blackwell. p. 157.
770:
768:
766:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
299:by Pope Gregory I in 601, along with
7:
1426:Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England
673:Costambeys "Paulinus (St Paulinus)"
909:Sharpe "Naming of Bishop Ithamar"
499:. He is considered a saint by the
25:
1015:"Paulinus (St Paulinus) (d. 644)"
4320:
4308:
4296:
4284:
4272:
3653:Æbbe "the Younger" of Coldingham
2904:
2890:
1410:. Leiden: Brill. pp. 15–21.
1391:Dictionary of National Biography
555:
4196:Hwita of Whitchurch Canonicorum
2034:Edward Venables-Vernon-Harcourt
1402:(1967). "Paulinus of York". In
232:, perhaps in 625, Paulinus was
87:
32:Saint Paulinus (disambiguation)
4370:Burials at Rochester Cathedral
3648:Æbbe "the Elder" of Coldingham
1069:Handbook of British Chronology
947:Holford-Stevens and Blackburn
935:Rollason "Shrines of Saints"
885:Handbook of British Chronology
687:Handbook of British Chronology
1:
2953:Saints of Anglo-Saxon England
2882:Romanus (Bishop of Rochester)
1227:The English Historical Review
4355:7th-century Christian saints
3371:Edburga of Minster-in-Thanet
1289:. London: Burns & Oats.
1041:UK public library membership
4350:7th-century English bishops
3828:Eosterwine of Monkwearmouth
3336:Æbbe of Thanet (Domne Eafe)
1333:. London: Pearson/Longman.
1050:Oxford Dictionary of Saints
1048:Farmer, David Hugh (2004).
1013:Costambeys, Marios (2004).
924:Oxford Dictionary of Saints
4406:
3939:Florentius of Peterborough
3758:Ceolfrith of Monkwearmouth
1285:Walsh, Michael J. (2007).
1088:The Earliest English Kings
911:English Historical Journal
228:After some years spent in
29:
4380:History of Northumberland
4096:Beorhthelm of Shaftesbury
3878:Sigfrith of Monkwearmouth
3487:Cyneswith of Peterborough
3073:Æthelburh of Faremoutiers
3068:Æthelberht of East Anglia
2899:
2888:
2837:
1487:
1478:
1470:
1460:
1451:
1446:
1438:
1400:Mayr-Harting, H. M. R. E.
1199:Archaeology Data Services
1146:; Scragg, Donald (eds.).
1116:; Scragg, Donald (eds.).
937:Archaeology Data Services
236:a bishop. He accompanied
65:
58:
36:Paulinus (disambiguation)
4181:Frithestan of Winchester
4166:Earmund of Stoke Fleming
3733:Billfrith of Lindisfarne
3688:Æthelwold of Lindisfarne
3597:Regenhere of Northampton
3158:Sigeberht of East Anglia
3113:Cuthbald of Peterborough
1381:"Paulinus (d.644)"
433:Battle of Hatfield Chase
313:Archbishop of Canterbury
4252:Urith of Chittlehampton
4206:Margaret of Dunfermline
4101:Beornstan of Winchester
4086:Benignus of Glastonbury
4076:Æthelwold of Winchester
4066:Æthelnoth of Canterbury
3924:Firmin of North Crawley
3919:Augustine of Canterbury
3808:Eardwulf of Northumbria
3788:Eadfrith of Lindisfarne
3778:Eadberht of Lindisfarne
3763:Ceolwulf of Northumbria
3673:Æthelgyth of Coldingham
3512:Eadweard of Maugersbury
3366:Deusdedit of Canterbury
3361:Berhtwald of Canterbury
2842:Augustine of Canterbury
1355:. New York: Routledge.
1240:10.1093/ehr/117.473.889
1090:. New York: Routledge.
801:Kingship and Government
509:Eastern Orthodox Church
181:Eastern Orthodox Church
4242:Juthwara of Sherbourne
4211:Swithhun of Winchester
4151:Eadweard the Confessor
4061:Æthelgar of Canterbury
4041:Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury
3984:Theodore of Canterbury
3969:Mellitus of Canterbury
3964:Laurence of Canterbury
3949:Honorius of Canterbury
3793:Eadwine of Northumbria
3783:Eadfrith of Leominster
3663:Ælfwald of Northumbria
3547:Frithuwold of Chertsey
3482:Cynehelm of Winchcombe
3477:Cyneburh of Gloucester
3452:Beorhthelm of Stafford
3427:Æthelmod of Leominster
3391:Nothhelm of Canterbury
3376:Eanswith of Folkestone
3315:Indract of Glastonbury
3138:Hiurmine of Blythburgh
3118:Eadmund of East Anglia
3037:Patrick of Glastonbury
2911:Catholicism portal
2862:Laurence of Canterbury
2847:Honorius of Canterbury
2640:Episcopacy abolished (
1965:Episcopacy abolished (
1877:Christopher Bainbridge
1717:Roger de Pont L'Évêque
1378:Hunt, William (1895).
1027:10.1093/ref:odnb/21626
975:Coming of Christianity
856:Earliest English Kings
732:Earliest English Kings
716:Coming of Christianity
703:Earliest English Kings
373:Rædwald of East Anglia
358:
4216:Wulfsige of Sherborne
4141:Eadgyth of Polesworth
4131:Eadburh of Winchester
4126:Dunstan of Canterbury
4071:Æthelwine of Athelney
4051:Ælfheah of Winchester
4046:Ælfheah of Canterbury
4010:Lewina of Bishopstone
4000:Cuthflæd of Lyminster
3944:Hadrian of Canterbury
3929:Birinus of Dorchester
3868:Oswine of Northumbria
3863:Oswald of Northumbria
3708:Balthere of Tyningham
3693:Alchhild of Middleham
3668:Æthelburh of Hackness
3602:Rumbold of Buckingham
3542:Frithuswith of Oxford
3517:Ealdgyth of Stortford
3502:Eadburh of Southwell
3422:Æthelberht of Bedford
3417:Ælfthryth of Crowland
3356:Albinus of Canterbury
3320:Maildub of Malmesbury
3264:Grimbald of St Bertin
2992:Congar of Congresbury
2982:Branwalator of Milton
2722:Thomas Legh Claughton
2409:Lawrence of St Martin
1311:. London: MacMillan.
1086:Kirby, D. P. (2000).
814:Conversion of Britain
501:Roman Catholic Church
350:
186:Roman Catholic Church
4365:Bishops of Rochester
4221:Wulfthryth of Wilton
4191:Humbert of Stokenham
4121:Cwenburh of Wimborne
4106:Beornwald of Bampton
4081:Aldhelm of Sherborne
4005:Cuthmann of Steyning
3959:Justus of Canterbury
3773:Dryhthelm of Melrose
3728:Bercthun of Beverley
3537:Frithuric of Breedon
3522:Earconwald of London
3507:Eadgyth of Aylesbury
3437:Æthelwynn of Sodbury
3381:Eormengyth of Thanet
3295:Aidan of Lindisfarne
3214:Hildelith of Barking
3209:Æthelburh of Barking
3133:Herefrith of Thorney
3088:Æthelwine of Lindsey
3022:Melorius of Amesbury
2752:Christopher Chavasse
2429:Thomas Ingoldsthorpe
2394:Benedict of Sausetun
2159:Bishops of Rochester
2054:William Connor Magee
1999:Sir William Dawes Bt
1722:Geoffrey Plantagenet
962:Dictionary of Saints
467:Death and veneration
256:was a future saint,
250:Edwin of Northumbria
244:, on her journey to
223:Anglo-Saxon paganism
209:sent in 601 by Pope
4385:Northumbrian saints
4186:Hædde of Winchester
4156:Eadweard the Martyr
4116:Cuthburh of Wimborn
4056:Æthelflæd of Romsey
3979:Peter of Canterbury
3858:Osthryth of Bardney
3748:Ceadda of Lichfield
3627:Wulfhild of Barking
3612:Werburgh of Chester
3587:Oswald of Worcester
3577:Milred of Worcester
3562:Mildburh of Wenlock
3552:Hæmma of Leominster
3497:Eadburh of Pershore
3492:Eadburh of Bicester
3279:Wulfram of Grantham
3269:Monegunda of Watton
3178:Walstan of Bawburgh
3168:Torthred of Thorney
3128:Guthlac of Crowland
3078:Æthelflæd of Ramsey
3017:Judoc of Winchester
3007:Elfin of Warrington
2977:Brannoc of Braunton
2877:Peter of Canterbury
2024:Robert Hay Drummond
2004:Lancelot Blackburne
1777:Thomas of Corbridge
1762:William de Wickwane
1712:William FitzHerbert
1702:William FitzHerbert
1531:Archbishops of York
1481:Bishop of Rochester
1268:Anglo-Saxon England
1166:Mayr-Harting, Henry
992:Blair, Peter Hunter
949:Oxford Book of Days
872:Anglo-Saxon England
788:Anglo-Saxon England
774:Lapidge "Paulinus"
491:, or remains, were
483:as a saint, with a
427:Bishop of Rochester
269:Bishop of Rochester
158:Rochester Cathedral
74:Rochester Cathedral
18:St Paulinus of York
4247:Rumbold of Mechlin
4111:Centwine of Wessex
4091:Beocca of Chertsey
3893:Wilfrith of Hexham
3888:Wihtberht of Ripon
3798:Ealdberht of Ripon
3768:Cuthbert of Durham
3698:Alchmund of Hexham
3683:Æthelwold of Farne
3678:Æthelsige of Ripon
3592:Osburh of Coventry
3572:Mildrith of Thanet
3532:Freomund of Mercia
3472:Cyneburh of Castor
3457:Coenwulf of Mercia
3432:Æthelred of Mercia
3396:Sigeburh of Thanet
3386:Mildrith of Thanet
3346:Æthelburh of Kent
3341:Æthelberht of Kent
3288:Irish and Scottish
3244:Balthild of Romsey
3163:Tancred of Thorney
3103:Botwulf of Thorney
3093:Athwulf of Thorney
3083:Æthelthryth of Ely
3052:Sativola of Exeter
3042:Rumon of Tavistock
3027:Nectan of Hartland
3002:Decuman of Watchet
2464:William Bottlesham
2449:William Whittlesey
1782:William Greenfield
758:Kings and Kingdoms
632:Lapidge "Ecgbert"
521:Irish missionaries
505:Anglican Communion
359:
334:Peter Hunter Blair
330:Henry Mayr-Harting
221:from their native
205:. A member of the
191:Anglican Communion
4375:Gregorian mission
4260:
4259:
4237:Arilda of Oldbury
4201:Mærwynn of Romsey
4146:Eadgyth of Wilton
4136:Eadgar of England
4036:Ælfgifu of Exeter
4031:Ælfgar of Selwood
3883:Tatberht of Ripon
3818:Ecgberht of Ripon
3753:Cedd of Lichfield
3658:Ælfflæd of Whitby
3622:Wigstan of Repton
3582:Oda of Canterbury
3467:Credan of Evesham
3447:Beonna of Breedon
3300:Boisil of Melrose
3274:Odwulf of Evesham
3123:Eadnoth of Ramsey
3108:Cissa of Crowland
2997:Dachuna of Bodmin
2972:Barloc of Norbury
2919:
2918:
2823:Gregorian mission
2785:
2784:
2767:Michael Nazir-Ali
2667:Francis Atterbury
2529:Richard FitzJames
2125:
2124:
2112:(acting diocesan)
1817:Richard le Scrope
1802:Alexander Neville
1497:
1496:
1488:Succeeded by
1461:Succeeded by
1296:978-0-86012-438-2
1277:978-0-19-280139-5
1157:978-0-631-22492-1
1127:978-0-631-22492-1
1059:978-0-19-860949-0
1039:(subscription or
996:The World of Bede
734:p. 206 footnote 2
240:, sister of King
238:Æthelburg of Kent
207:Gregorian mission
196:
195:
16:(Redirected from
4397:
4390:Yorkshire saints
4325:
4324:
4323:
4313:
4312:
4311:
4301:
4300:
4289:
4288:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4268:
4171:Edor of Chertsey
4161:Eadwold of Cerne
4026:Æbbe of Abingdon
3974:Paulinus of York
3954:James the Deacon
3903:Wilgils of Ripon
3873:Sicgred of Ripon
3848:John of Beverley
3743:Botwine of Ripon
3718:Bega of Copeland
3703:Alkmund of Derby
3527:Egwin of Evesham
3462:Cotta of Breedon
3412:Ælfnoth of Stowe
3351:Æthelred of Kent
3310:Ultan the Scribe
3259:Helier of Jersey
3193:Wulfric of Holme
3098:Blida of Martham
3032:Neot of Cornwall
2987:Credan of Bodmin
2967:Aldate of Oxford
2946:
2939:
2932:
2923:
2909:
2908:
2894:
2872:Paulinus of York
2852:James the Deacon
2812:
2805:
2798:
2789:
2762:Michael Turnbull
2732:Randall Davidson
2580:Maurice Griffith
2543:Post-Reformation
2504:Thomas Rotherham
2414:Walter de Merton
2389:Gilbert Glanvill
2183:Paulinus of York
2152:
2145:
2138:
2129:
2117:Stephen Cottrell
2059:William Maclagan
1945:George Montaigne
1891:Post-Reformation
1867:Thomas Rotherham
1797:John of Thoresby
1682:Thomas of Bayeux
1569:John of Beverley
1523:
1516:
1509:
1500:
1471:Preceded by
1436:
1411:
1395:
1383:
1366:
1344:
1322:
1300:
1281:
1259:
1234:(473): 889–894.
1217:
1215:
1213:
1207:
1196:
1183:
1161:
1136:Lapidge, Michael
1131:
1106:Lapidge, Michael
1101:
1082:
1063:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1009:
978:
971:
965:
958:
952:
945:
939:
933:
927:
920:
914:
907:
901:
894:
888:
881:
875:
868:
859:
852:
843:
836:
830:
823:
817:
810:
804:
797:
791:
784:
778:
772:
761:
754:
748:
743:Quoted in Blair
741:
735:
728:
719:
712:
706:
699:
690:
683:
677:
671:
636:
630:
615:
612:
606:
603:
597:
593:
587:
586:
583:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
552:
461:James the Deacon
357:
277:Eastern Orthodox
271:. He received a
265:James the Deacon
133:Personal details
70:
43:
21:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4395:
4394:
4360:Bishops of York
4335:
4334:
4331:
4321:
4319:
4309:
4307:
4295:
4283:
4273:
4271:
4263:
4261:
4256:
4225:
4014:
3988:
3907:
3853:Osana of Howden
3833:Hilda of Whitby
3723:Benedict Biscop
3631:
3607:Tibba of Ryhall
3400:
3324:
3283:
3254:Felix of Dommoc
3236:
3234:
3228:
3224:Sæbbi of London
3197:
3188:Wihtburh of Ely
3173:Tova of Thorney
3153:Seaxburh of Ely
3148:Pega of Peakirk
3143:Huna of Thorney
3056:
2960:British / Welsh
2955:
2950:
2920:
2915:
2903:
2895:
2886:
2833:
2827:Catholic Church
2816:
2786:
2781:
2772:James Langstaff
2727:Anthony Thorold
2677:Joseph Wilcocks
2672:Samuel Bradford
2620:John Buckeridge
2565:Nicholas Ridley
2538:
2469:John Bottlesham
2454:Thomas Trilleck
2434:Thomas Wouldham
2404:Richard Wendene
2348:Ralph d'Escures
2330:
2324:
2161:
2156:
2126:
2121:
2049:William Thomson
2044:Charles Longley
2039:Thomas Musgrave
2029:William Markham
1989:Thomas Lamplugh
1974:Accepted Frewen
1950:Samuel Harsnett
1892:
1886:
1842:Richard Fleming
1772:Henry of Newark
1747:William Langton
1584:
1583:Pre-Reformation
1578:
1533:
1527:
1493:
1484:
1476:
1466:
1457:
1430:primary sources
1418:
1398:
1377:
1374:
1372:Further reading
1369:
1363:
1347:
1341:
1325:
1319:
1303:
1297:
1284:
1278:
1262:
1220:
1211:
1209:
1208:on 13 June 2011
1205:
1194:
1188:Rollason, David
1186:
1180:
1164:
1158:
1134:
1128:
1104:
1098:
1085:
1079:
1066:
1060:
1047:
1038:
1031:
1029:
1012:
1006:
990:
986:
981:
972:
968:
959:
955:
946:
942:
934:
930:
921:
917:
908:
904:
895:
891:
882:
878:
869:
862:
853:
846:
837:
833:
824:
820:
811:
807:
798:
794:
785:
781:
773:
764:
755:
751:
742:
738:
729:
722:
713:
709:
700:
693:
684:
680:
672:
639:
631:
627:
623:
618:
613:
609:
604:
600:
591:
558:
554:
553:
549:
545:
533:
497:Norman Conquest
469:
429:
355:
345:
297:Kingdom of Kent
293:
258:Hilda of Whitby
242:Eadbald of Kent
189:
184:
148:Kingdom of Kent
142:
124:
76:
54:
51:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4403:
4401:
4393:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4337:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4317:
4305:
4293:
4281:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4233:
4231:
4230:Unclear origin
4227:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4022:
4020:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3996:
3994:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3843:Iwig of Wilton
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3813:Eata of Hexham
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3713:Beda of Jarrow
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3643:Acca of Hexham
3639:
3637:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3442:Aldwyn of Coln
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3305:Echa of Crayke
3302:
3297:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3249:Bertha of Kent
3246:
3240:
3238:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2926:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2792:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2777:Jonathan Gibbs
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2697:Thomas Dampier
2694:
2692:Samuel Horsley
2689:
2684:
2682:Zachary Pearce
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2657:Francis Turner
2654:
2649:
2646:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2610:William Barlow
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2560:Henry Holbeach
2557:
2555:Nicholas Heath
2552:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2459:Thomas Brinton
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2419:John Bradfield
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2399:Henry Sandford
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2363:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2317:
2309:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2132:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2079:Michael Ramsey
2076:
2071:
2069:William Temple
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2014:Matthew Hutton
2011:
2009:Thomas Herring
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1979:Richard Sterne
1976:
1971:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1940:Tobias Matthew
1937:
1935:Matthew Hutton
1932:
1927:
1922:
1920:Edmund Grindal
1917:
1912:
1910:Nicholas Heath
1907:
1905:Robert Holgate
1902:
1896:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1862:Lawrence Booth
1859:
1857:George Neville
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1822:Thomas Langley
1819:
1814:
1809:
1807:Thomas Arundel
1804:
1799:
1794:
1792:William Zouche
1789:
1787:William Melton
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1767:John le Romeyn
1764:
1759:
1757:Walter Giffard
1754:
1749:
1744:
1742:Godfrey Ludham
1739:
1737:Sewal de Bovil
1734:
1732:Walter de Gray
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1588:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1545:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1454:Bishop of York
1450:
1444:
1443:
1434:
1433:
1417:
1416:External links
1414:
1413:
1412:
1396:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1361:
1349:Yorke, Barbara
1345:
1339:
1327:Yorke, Barbara
1323:
1317:
1301:
1295:
1282:
1276:
1264:Stenton, F. M.
1260:
1218:
1184:
1178:
1162:
1156:
1132:
1126:
1102:
1096:
1083:
1077:
1064:
1058:
1045:
1010:
1004:
987:
985:
982:
980:
979:
966:
953:
940:
928:
915:
902:
889:
883:Fryde, et al.
876:
860:
844:
831:
818:
805:
792:
779:
762:
749:
736:
720:
707:
691:
685:Fryde, et al.
678:
637:
624:
622:
619:
617:
616:
607:
598:
546:
544:
541:
540:
539:
532:
529:
468:
465:
428:
425:
344:
343:Bishop of York
341:
292:
289:
281:Roman Catholic
248:to marry King
203:Bishop of York
194:
193:
178:
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3237:and Old Saxon
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3012:Ivo of Ramsey
3010:
3008:
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2737:Edward Talbot
2735:
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2715:
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2497:
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2494:William Wells
2492:
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2474:Richard Young
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2110:Paul Ferguson
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2100:
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2089:Stuart Blanch
2087:
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2084:Donald Coggan
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1960:John Williams
1958:
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1872:Thomas Savage
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1852:William Booth
1850:
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1837:Philip Morgan
1835:
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1827:Robert Hallam
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1812:Robert Waldby
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1725:
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1667:Ælfric Puttoc
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1362:0-415-16639-X
1358:
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1342:
1340:0-582-77292-3
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
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1318:0-333-56797-8
1314:
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1305:Williams, Ann
1302:
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1179:0-271-00769-9
1175:
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1163:
1159:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1144:Keynes, Simon
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1114:Keynes, Simon
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1097:0-415-24211-8
1093:
1089:
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1080:
1078:0-521-56350-X
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1005:0-521-39819-3
1001:
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976:
973:Mayr-Harting
970:
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944:
941:
938:
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919:
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898:World of Bede
893:
890:
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867:
865:
861:
857:
851:
849:
845:
841:
840:World of Bede
835:
832:
828:
827:World of Bede
822:
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793:
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746:
745:World of Bede
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737:
733:
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721:
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714:Mayr-Harting
711:
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83:
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69:
64:
61:
57:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
4332:
3973:
3738:Bosa of York
3636:Northumbrian
3061:East Anglian
2871:
2831:Anglo-Saxons
2747:Linton Smith
2662:Thomas Sprat
2642:Commonwealth
2639:
2625:Walter Curle
2595:Edmund Freke
2585:Edmund Allen
2514:John Russell
2484:John Langdon
2444:John Sheppey
2368:
2360:
2314:
2306:
2263:
2240:
2182:
2166:Pre-Conquest
2108:
2104:John Sentamu
2094:John Habgood
2019:John Gilbert
1967:Commonwealth
1964:
1925:Edwin Sandys
1915:Thomas Young
1707:Henry Murdac
1548:
1529:Bishops and
1479:
1452:
1447:
1407:
1404:G. J. Cuming
1389:
1352:
1330:
1308:
1286:
1267:
1231:
1225:
1210:. Retrieved
1203:the original
1198:
1169:
1147:
1117:
1087:
1068:
1049:
1030:. Retrieved
1018:
995:
974:
969:
961:
956:
948:
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936:
931:
923:
918:
910:
905:
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839:
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808:
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739:
731:
715:
710:
702:
686:
681:
674:
633:
628:
610:
601:
550:
513:
470:
445:
430:
417:Whitby Abbey
414:
403:metropolitan
400:
381:
360:
338:
321:
306:
294:
262:
227:
219:Anglo-Saxons
215:Christianize
198:
197:
177:Venerated in
120:Consecration
40:
4303:Catholicism
4291:Middle Ages
3993:South Saxon
3898:Wilfrith II
2742:John Harmer
2702:Walker King
2687:John Thomas
2652:John Dolben
2648:John Warner
2635:John Warner
2550:John Hilsey
2534:John Fisher
2509:John Alcock
2424:John Kirkby
2331:Reformation
2329:Conquest to
1984:John Dolben
1893:archbishops
1832:Henry Bowet
1752:Bonaventure
1662:Wulfstan II
1632:Hrotheweard
1585:archbishops
1540:Reformation
1448:New diocese
1386:Lee, Sidney
1140:Blair, John
1110:Blair, John
790:pp. 115–116
377:hagiography
364:West Saxons
325:D. P. Kirby
246:Northumbria
234:consecrated
123:21 July 625
97:Predecessor
4345:644 deaths
4339:Categories
4019:West Saxon
3202:East Saxon
2707:Hugh Percy
2630:John Bowle
2605:John Young
2600:John Piers
2575:John Scory
2570:John Ponet
2439:Hamo Hethe
2294:Beorhtsige
2099:David Hope
2064:Cosmo Lang
1994:John Sharp
1930:John Piers
1900:Edward Lee
1637:Wulfstan I
1607:Eanbald II
1574:Wilfrid II
1422:Paulinus 1
1222:Sharpe, R.
984:References
507:, and the
493:translated
453:Dagobert I
437:Honorius I
384:Boniface V
356: 600
291:Early life
287:Churches.
172:10 October
89:Term ended
72:Statue at
4315:Biography
4176:Evorhilda
3233:Frisian,
2757:David Say
2479:John Kemp
2284:Cyneferth
2274:Swithwulf
1847:John Kemp
1692:Thomas II
1627:Æthelbald
1602:Eanbald I
1597:Æthelbert
1440:Christian
1256:159918370
1043:required)
900:pp. 97–98
799:Williams
705:pp. 33–34
621:Citations
485:feast day
457:Rochester
392:Yeavering
211:Gregory I
169:Feast day
164:Sainthood
144:Rochester
105:Successor
81:Appointed
3567:Mildgyth
3235:Frankish
3183:Wendreda
2867:Mellitus
2499:John Low
2279:Ceolmund
2269:Cuthwulf
2261:Waermund
2256:Badenoth
2246:Beornmod
2238:Waermund
2228:Eardwulf
2203:Cwichelm
2193:Damianus
1697:Thurstan
1672:Cynesige
1657:Ealdwulf
1622:Wulfhere
1612:Wulfsige
1549:Paulinus
1485:633–644
1458:627–633
1351:(1997).
1329:(2006).
1307:(1999).
1266:(1971).
1212:29 March
1168:(1991).
994:(1990).
870:Stenton
786:Stenton
531:See also
473:sacristy
421:Honorius
301:Mellitus
285:Anglican
254:baptised
199:Paulinus
125:by
53:Paulinus
4279:England
4265:Portals
3803:Eanmund
3617:Wærstan
3557:Merefin
3405:Mercian
3329:Kentish
2829:to the
2825:of the
2821:of the
2819:Members
2384:Waleran
2374:Ascelin
2343:Gundulf
2312:Godwine
2304:Godwine
2299:Ælfstan
2289:Burgric
2251:Tatnoth
2218:Aldwulf
2208:Gebmund
2188:Ithamar
2178:Romanus
1677:Ealdred
1642:Oscytel
1617:Wigmund
1559:Wilfrid
1542:bishops
1491:Ithamar
1474:Romanus
1442:titles
1406:(ed.).
1388:(ed.).
1248:3489611
1032:6 March
922:Farmer
481:revered
477:Ithamar
449:Eadbald
441:pallium
410:Lincoln
396:Lindsey
368:Eanflæd
273:pallium
100:Founder
4327:Saints
3934:Blaise
3838:Hyglac
3219:Osgyth
2857:Justus
2379:Walter
2353:Ernulf
2338:Arnost
2320:Siward
2213:Tobias
2173:Justus
1687:Gerard
1652:Oswald
1647:Edwald
1592:Egbert
1359:
1337:
1315:
1293:
1274:
1254:
1246:
1176:
1154:
1124:
1094:
1075:
1056:
1002:
964:p. 475
960:Walsh
951:p. 409
926:p. 418
913:p. 889
896:Blair
887:p. 221
874:p. 116
854:Kirby
842:p. 149
838:Blair
829:p. 147
825:Blair
816:p. 161
812:Yorke
756:Yorke
730:Kirby
701:Kirby
689:p. 224
525:Oswald
503:, the
489:relics
311:, the
309:Justus
283:, and
154:Buried
127:Justus
115:Orders
3912:Roman
2233:Diora
2198:Putta
1384:. In
1252:S2CID
1244:JSTOR
1206:(PDF)
1195:(PDF)
977:p. 68
858:p. 56
803:p. 17
760:p. 28
747:p. 95
718:p. 66
543:Notes
517:Osric
371:King
48:Saint
3823:Eoda
2369:(II)
2366:John
2358:John
2315:(II)
2264:(II)
2223:Dunn
1564:Bosa
1554:Chad
1538:Pre-
1464:Chad
1357:ISBN
1335:ISBN
1313:ISBN
1291:ISBN
1272:ISBN
1214:2009
1174:ISBN
1152:ISBN
1122:ISBN
1092:ISBN
1073:ISBN
1054:ISBN
1034:2009
1000:ISBN
594:-əss
592:LYNE
590:paw-
388:York
317:Bede
230:Kent
217:the
138:Died
109:Chad
34:and
2361:(I)
2307:(I)
2241:(I)
1424:at
1236:doi
1232:117
1023:doi
406:see
260:.
213:to
92:633
84:627
4341::
1250:.
1242:.
1230:.
1197:.
1190:.
1142:;
1112:;
1017:.
863:^
847:^
765:^
723:^
694:^
640:^
572:aɪ
563:ɔː
527:.
511:.
353:c.
279:,
146:,
4267::
2945:e
2938:t
2931:v
2811:e
2804:t
2797:v
2644:)
2151:e
2144:t
2137:v
1969:)
1522:e
1515:t
1508:v
1365:.
1343:.
1321:.
1299:.
1280:.
1258:.
1238::
1216:.
1182:.
1160:.
1130:.
1100:.
1081:.
1062:.
1036:.
1025::
1008:.
584:/
581:s
578:ə
575:n
569:l
566:ˈ
560:p
557:/
188:,
183:,
38:.
20:)
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