450:
871:
462:
883:
958:
946:
746:
934:
40:
140:
734:
509:
859:
478:
133:
323:
705:
785:
619:
490:
847:
970:
762:
774:
722:
609:
exists since 1921 in the Dutch part of the hill. The quarrying of limestone in a protected nature area was controversial for many years but for economic reasons ENCI was able to extract most of the mount's limestone, creating a vast area of connected quarries. In 2010 it was decided that by 2018 the
898:
The imposing fortress Sint-Pieter on the northern edge of the hill overlooking the city of
Maastricht was built in 1702 as part of the defense works of the heavily fortified city of Maastricht. The fortress was recently restored to reflect its original state. The old village of
287:), the canal cuts through the ridge over a length of 1,300 metres (4,300 ft) and 65 metres (213 ft) deep. The Lanaye locks at the eastern end of the cut permit boats to pass from the upper Meuse and the Albert Canal to the lower Meuse and
443:(1931–35), a major artillery defence point in the Belgian defences against any invading forces coming from Nazi Germany. At the opening of the war, the entire installation was taken quickly by a relatively small number of German paratroopers.
610:
quarry will close down. Various plans for redevelopment of both the quarry and the factory site have been presented in recent years. Parts of the quarry that were abandoned years ago have been taken over by nature once again.
449:
461:
594:, other sections are well-preserved. Guided tours of these limestone quarries, some with ancient inscriptions, drawings and other works of art, constitute one of Maastricht's main tourist attractions.
870:
439:
From 1930 through 1939 the Albert Canal was constructed, cutting through parts of Mount Saint Peter. The first ships went through in 1940. The hill's strategic location made it the site of
915:
Slavante
Monastery can be seen, including a small baroque chapel dedicated to Saint Anthony. Nearby, an elegant pavilion, 'Casino' Slavante, was built in 1846 by a Maastricht military
574:
has been quarried in the area for building stone and fertilizer for many centuries. Several of
Maastricht's medieval churches were built from local stone, incorrectly referred to as
1092:
633:
protection area. Because of its limestone soil, the hill is exceptional in its botanical variety. It is the northern limit for a number of species of orchids due to its favorable
1288:
1278:
372:
several castles were built on the hill, of which various ruins remain. The hill was favoured by attackers during the various sieges of
Maastricht, most notably by
1298:
945:
882:
957:
1123:
745:
409:
1283:
89:
1293:
1255:
933:
1099:
601:
production. Abandoned quarries in the
Belgian part of the hill are used to dispose of ashes from municipal waste incinerators. A large
1146:
1077:
1049:
1021:
132:
733:
1303:
477:
1042:
Archaeology in
Confrontation: Aspects of Roman Military Presence in the Northwest (Studies in Honour of Prof. Em. Hugo Thoen)
365:
evidence was once thought to count against this proposal, but more recent review of the evidence has reinvigorated the idea.
314:. These days, Mount Saint Peter is considered an important nature reserve, as well as an area for recreation and tourism.
904:
358:
82:
1273:
704:
858:
582:). The quarrying of limestone has created a vast network of subterranean corridors, also incorrectly referred to as
489:
377:
846:
1161:
798:
519:
At Mount Saint Peter the rivers Geer and Meuse have cut into the limestone plateau known in the east as the
310:
extended 200 kilometres (120 mi) by the 19th century but was severely shortened in the 20th century by
39:
995:
302:
nodules and its geographic position make it a remarkable place. The locale has been mined for flint since
291:
basin. To the east of these locks the Meuse has altered its course, creating backwaters and old channels.
72:
692:
The Dutch part of the plateau is largely owned by the Dutch society for preservation of nature monuments
639:
969:
597:
In modern times limestone from Mount Saint Peter continues to be quarried in surface mines, mainly for
1190:
544:
468:
345:
has been found. The fortress is one of the strongest contenders for being identified as the fortress
508:
916:
669:
408:
fossil was found between 1770 and 1774 but was confiscated by the French in 1794 and is now in the
373:
307:
1244:
674:
651:
1142:
1117:
1073:
1045:
1037:
1017:
721:
571:
563:
322:
276:
1065:
673:. An abandoned part of the ENCI quarry has become in recent years the breeding ground of the
1308:
832:, of which only some of the farm buildings remain. Well-preserved is the 16th-century house
784:
694:
657:
618:
362:
924:
663:
598:
440:
248:
220:
173:
263:, of which Mount Saint Peter is part, is bounded on the east by the Meuse river (Dutch:
908:
712:
645:
591:
397:
311:
239:
and the
Netherlands. The name of the hill, as well as the nearby village and church of
181:
911:
building by architect Jules Kayser. South of the village remnants of the 17th-century
1267:
520:
354:
204:
920:
804:
can be detected in the landscape. On the northeastern section, now overlooking the
634:
327:
272:
45:
681:(pronounced: uhu). Mount Saint Peter supports the richest environment for bats in
1011:
907:
until 1794. The medieval church was replaced in the 19th century by the present
900:
837:
778:
630:
556:
380:. As a result of this, the fortress Sint-Pieter was built on the northern edge.
369:
244:
240:
212:
152:
927:, constructed in 1931–35 to protect the Belgian border near the Albert Canal.
912:
766:
548:
496:
428:
422:
385:
208:
17:
104:
91:
1256:
Information about the Mount Saint Peter quarries on the Kevin Amendt website
761:
303:
295:
773:
1218:
816:, largely dating from the 18th century but which includes an 11th-century
1167:
821:
567:
547:
with inclusions of flint. The chalk deposits contain numerous fossils of
417:
350:
346:
342:
339:
335:
236:
232:
224:
190:
590:). Although vast sections of these "caves" have now disappeared through
825:
682:
524:
401:
390:
389:
was discovered here in a limestone quarry, one of the first recognised
260:
228:
196:
156:
1224:
1038:"Confrontation in Archaeology: Aspects of Roman Military in Tongeren"
686:
602:
532:
433:
393:
280:
216:
62:
49:
836:("The little towers"), at the bottom of the hill in the village of
809:
783:
772:
760:
623:
617:
540:
528:
507:
413:
321:
299:
288:
200:
1233:
698:. A sheep herd is used to keep vegetation open in certain areas.
1163:
Neolithic Flint Mines of Petit-Spiennes : Official web site
817:
805:
606:
587:
579:
552:
536:
512:
231:, thus defining the topography of this border area between
1040:, in Vermeulen, Frank; Sas, Kathy; Dhaeze, Wouter (eds.),
1139:
Fort Eben Emael: The Key to Hitler's
Victory in the West
199:
running north to south between the valleys of the river
1219:
Tourist information on website maastrichtunderground.nl
338:
municipality of Riemst, archaeological evidence of an
420:remains were discovered here as well, belonging to
120:
81:
71:
61:
56:
32:
1036:Vanderhoeven, Alain; Vanderhoeven, Michel (2004),
828:, is another ruined castle overlooking the Meuse,
275:divides the hill in two sections. Near the small
797:On the western part of the mount remains of the
334:In the part of Mount Saint Peter that is in the
1197:(in French), Regionaal Landschap Haspengouw vzw
436:and fossils of smaller creatures of the sea.
8:
637:. Some of the orchids found there include:
243:and the fortress of Sint Pieter, refers to
29:
1070:Belgian archaeology in a European setting
685:, as well as the richest environment for
527:. The succeeding geologic layers include
139:
1236:Regionaal Landschap Haspengouw en Voeren
986:
929:
842:
700:
445:
1279:Mountains and hills of the Netherlands
1185:
1183:
1122:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1115:
622:View from the mount of the village of
326:Section of Caestert Plateau where the
1289:Mountains and hills of Liège Province
330:can be seen cutting through the ridge
7:
1299:Hills of South Limburg (Netherlands)
562:Humans have used the site since the
410:Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle
353:, which played an important role in
1066:"Über Atuatuca, Cäsar und Ambiorix"
207:to the east. The plateau runs from
1016:, University of California Press,
455:Late Medieval graffiti in a quarry
396:, which was later acquired by the
44:View of Mount Saint Peter and the
25:
1044:, Ghent University, p. 143,
968:
956:
944:
932:
881:
869:
857:
845:
744:
732:
720:
703:
488:
476:
460:
448:
359:commentaries on his wars in Gaul
138:
131:
38:
1284:Mountains and hills of Flanders
1234:Tourist information on website
605:and cement factory operated by
267:) and on the west by the Geer (
1294:Landforms of Limburg (Belgium)
1245:'Sint-Pietersberg' on website
1064:Vanvinckenroye, Willy (2001),
570:is known for its flint mines.
1:
1227:, site describing the region
1010:Wightman, Edith Mary (1985),
504:Geology and mining activities
298:composition, its deposits of
808:quarry as well as the river
195:, is the northern part of a
383:Around 1765 the skull of a
1325:
788:Winding road near Slavante
483:Limestone quarries in 1799
378:Siege of Maastricht (1673)
919:. A sinister reminder of
905:Prince-Bishopric of Liège
769:from fortress Sint-Pieter
308:network of mining tunnels
255:Principal characteristics
125:
37:
1191:"Nature sans frontieres"
852:Castle ruins Lichtenberg
820:. Further south, in the
739:Sheep flock on the mount
566:period. The area around
271:). Since the 1930s, the
77:Caestert Plateau (107 m)
67:171 m (561 ft)
1304:Geography of Maastricht
1137:Dunstan, Simon (2005),
799:motte-and-bailey castle
629:Mount Saint Peter is a
188:), also referred to as
1141:, Osprey, p. 12,
951:Saint Anthony's Chapel
793:Castles and farmsteads
789:
781:
770:
626:
516:
331:
223:almost to the city of
1225:Montagne Saint-Pierre
1195:Montagne Saint-Pierre
787:
776:
764:
751:Sign Natuurmonumenten
640:Aceras anthropophorum
621:
511:
325:
203:to the west, and the
178:Montagne Saint-Pierre
939:Fortress Sint-Pieter
545:Maastricht Formation
515:quarry and factories
469:Joris van der Haagen
294:Mount Saint Peter's
105:50.81444°N 5.68500°E
1221:(partly in English)
975:Fortress Eben-Emael
925:fortress Eben-Emael
888:Farmstead Zonneberg
864:Remains of Caestert
812:, is the farmstead
677:, locally known as
670:Platanthera bifolia
523:and in the west as
374:Louis XIV of France
363:Dendrochronological
101: /
1274:Plateaus of Europe
876:House De Torentjes
790:
782:
771:
727:Eurasian eagle-owl
675:Eurasian eagle-owl
652:Ophrys insectifera
627:
517:
332:
57:Highest point
48:near the locks of
564:lower Paleolithic
543:limestone of the
495:Discovery of the
170:Mount Saint Peter
167:
166:
146:Mount Saint Peter
110:50.81444; 5.68500
33:Mount Saint Peter
16:(Redirected from
1316:
1260:
1252:
1247:Natuurmonumenten
1241:
1230:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1187:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1166:, archived from
1158:
1152:
1151:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1121:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1104:
1098:. Archived from
1097:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1007:
1001:
1000:
991:
972:
960:
948:
936:
917:gentlemen's club
903:was part of the
885:
873:
861:
849:
824:municipality of
757:Listed buildings
748:
736:
724:
707:
695:Natuurmonumenten
658:Orchis militaris
492:
480:
464:
452:
404:. A more famous
186:Sint-Pietersberg
142:
141:
135:
116:
115:
113:
112:
111:
106:
102:
99:
98:
97:
94:
42:
30:
21:
1324:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1250:
1239:
1228:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1200:
1198:
1189:
1188:
1181:
1173:
1171:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1114:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1095:
1093:"Archived copy"
1091:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1072:, vol. 2,
1063:
1062:
1058:
1052:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1009:
1008:
1004:
993:
992:
988:
983:
976:
973:
964:
963:Casino Slavante
961:
952:
949:
940:
937:
896:
894:Other buildings
889:
886:
877:
874:
865:
862:
853:
850:
795:
777:The village of
759:
752:
749:
740:
737:
728:
725:
716:
708:
664:Orchis purpurea
616:
599:portland cement
506:
499:
493:
484:
481:
472:
465:
456:
453:
441:Fort Eben-Emael
320:
257:
249:Twelve Apostles
221:Belgian Limburg
163:
162:
161:
160:
159:
150:
149:
148:
147:
143:
109:
107:
103:
100:
95:
92:
90:
88:
87:
52:
28:
27:Hill in Belgium
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1322:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1266:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1253:
1242:
1231:
1222:
1214:
1213:External links
1211:
1208:
1207:
1179:
1153:
1147:
1129:
1084:
1078:
1056:
1050:
1028:
1022:
1013:Gallia Belgica
1002:
985:
984:
982:
979:
978:
977:
974:
967:
965:
962:
955:
953:
950:
943:
941:
938:
931:
909:Gothic Revival
895:
892:
891:
890:
887:
880:
878:
875:
868:
866:
863:
856:
854:
851:
844:
794:
791:
758:
755:
754:
753:
750:
743:
741:
738:
731:
729:
726:
719:
717:
713:Ophrys apifera
709:
702:
646:Ophrys apifera
615:
612:
592:surface mining
505:
502:
501:
500:
494:
487:
485:
482:
475:
473:
471:(17th century)
466:
459:
457:
454:
447:
398:Teylers Museum
319:
316:
312:surface mining
277:Liège Province
256:
253:
165:
164:
151:
145:
144:
137:
136:
130:
129:
128:
127:
126:
123:
122:
118:
117:
85:
79:
78:
75:
69:
68:
65:
59:
58:
54:
53:
43:
35:
34:
26:
24:
18:St Pietersberg
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1321:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1257:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1170:on 2007-12-31
1169:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1148:1-84176-821-9
1144:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1105:on 2012-03-27
1101:
1094:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1079:9789058671677
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1051:9789038205786
1047:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1023:9780520052970
1019:
1015:
1014:
1006:
1003:
999:
998:
990:
987:
980:
971:
966:
959:
954:
947:
942:
935:
930:
928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
893:
884:
879:
872:
867:
860:
855:
848:
843:
841:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
800:
792:
786:
780:
775:
768:
763:
756:
747:
742:
735:
730:
723:
718:
715:
714:
706:
701:
699:
697:
696:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:
666:
665:
660:
659:
654:
653:
648:
647:
642:
641:
636:
632:
625:
620:
613:
611:
608:
604:
600:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
521:Herve plateau
514:
510:
503:
498:
491:
486:
479:
474:
470:
463:
458:
451:
446:
444:
442:
437:
435:
432:, as well as
431:
430:
425:
424:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
392:
388:
387:
381:
379:
375:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
355:Julius Caesar
352:
348:
344:
341:
337:
329:
324:
317:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
254:
252:
250:
247:, one of the
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
192:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
158:
154:
134:
124:
119:
114:
86:
84:
80:
76:
74:
70:
66:
64:
60:
55:
51:
47:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1246:
1235:
1199:, retrieved
1194:
1172:, retrieved
1168:the original
1162:
1156:
1138:
1132:
1107:. Retrieved
1100:the original
1087:
1069:
1059:
1041:
1031:
1012:
1005:
996:
989:
921:World War II
897:
834:De Torentjes
833:
829:
813:
801:
796:
711:
693:
691:
689:in Benelux.
678:
668:
662:
656:
650:
644:
638:
635:microclimate
628:
596:
583:
575:
561:
518:
467:Painting by
438:
427:
421:
405:
384:
382:
367:
333:
328:Albert Canal
293:
284:
273:Albert Canal
268:
264:
258:
189:
185:
177:
169:
168:
46:Albert Canal
1229:(in French)
901:Sint Pieter
838:Sint Pieter
814:Lichtenberg
779:Sint Pieter
631:Natura 2000
549:sea urchins
370:Middle Ages
368:During the
306:times. The
279:village of
245:Saint Peter
241:Sint Pieter
213:Netherlands
153:Netherlands
108: /
83:Coordinates
73:Parent peak
1268:Categories
1259:(in Dutch)
1251:(in Dutch)
1240:(in Dutch)
1201:4 November
1174:2007-12-16
1109:2012-03-21
997:Gallic War
981:References
913:Franciscan
767:Maastricht
557:belemnites
497:Mosasaurus
429:Orthomerus
423:Betasuchus
406:Mosasaurus
386:Mosasaurus
215:, through
209:Maastricht
96:05°41′06″E
93:50°48′52″N
572:Limestone
535:, quartz
304:Neolithic
296:limestone
285:Ternaaien
121:Geography
63:Elevation
1118:cite web
994:Caesar,
830:Caestert
802:De Tombe
765:View of
568:Spiennes
418:dinosaur
416:. Later
351:Eburones
347:Atuatuca
343:fortress
340:Iron Age
283:(Dutch:
237:Wallonia
233:Flanders
191:Caestert
923:is the
822:Walloon
710:Orchid
687:orchids
683:Benelux
614:Ecology
584:grotten
525:Hesbaye
434:turtles
402:Haarlem
394:fossils
391:reptile
376:in the
349:of the
336:Flemish
318:History
261:plateau
229:Belgium
211:in the
197:plateau
193:Plateau
157:Belgium
1145:
1076:
1048:
1020:
603:quarry
576:mergel
541:chalky
533:gravel
281:Lanaye
217:Riemst
174:French
50:Lanaye
1103:(PDF)
1096:(PDF)
810:Meuse
679:oehoe
624:Kanne
588:caves
553:clams
529:loess
414:Paris
300:flint
289:Rhine
269:Jeker
225:Liège
205:Meuse
182:Dutch
1309:Visé
1203:2010
1143:ISBN
1124:link
1074:ISBN
1046:ISBN
1018:ISBN
826:Visé
818:keep
806:ENCI
667:and
607:ENCI
580:marl
555:and
539:and
537:sand
513:ENCI
426:and
265:Maas
259:The
201:Geer
412:in
400:in
357:'s
227:in
219:in
1270::
1193:,
1182:^
1120:}}
1116:{{
1068:,
840:.
661:,
655:,
649:,
643:,
559:.
551:,
531:,
361:.
251:.
235:,
184::
180:;
176::
155:/
1126:)
1112:.
586:(
578:(
172:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
