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501:. Initially the red line were vertical, but starting in 1846 they were printed horizontal. These stamps were popular from the start, but were not printed in large numbers and are quite scarce today, with values ranging from US$ 1,500 to $ 20,000 depending on type. With the exception of one 6-rappen block of 9 (3x3) later split into a block of 6 (3x2) and a strip of three, all sheets were cut horizontally, so that no vertical pairs or larger are known to exist today.
650:
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was used in
Lucerne from November 1798 to January 1799, when it was replaced with vermillion ink. The next time red ink markings would be found again would be on Berne post markings. This may indicate that when the Seat of the Government was changed, the red ink was taken from Lucerne to Berne for use there; but, perhaps at the last minute, a contingency developed and it was possibly also simultaneously used in Lucerne for a very short period.
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548:). This was the first of many multi-language issues. For longer-distance mail, the 5-rappen stamp was inscribed "RAYON I" and the 10-rappen (for a greater distance) "RAYON II". Initially the stamps were issued with a black frame separating the white cross from the red background, but as a technically incorrect rendition of the Swiss arms, these were withdrawn.
403:
596:", the first of several issues known as "seated Helvetias". The figure was embossed but only the outline was colored, making it rather hard to pick out. This was the first issue to deal with the multiple languages of Switzerland; in addition to the word "FRANCO" at the top, the other three sides listed the denomination in rappen, centimes, and (
270:
the
Republic was administratively reorganized into twenty-two (22) Cantons. Later, that number was reduced to nineteen (19) due to mergers and to some changes at the frontiers. In September 1798, all postal mail was ordered to be "a natural and necessary property of the state" or, in modern parlance, nationalization was ordered.
630:, and philatelists distinguish them further by type of paper and color of thread. The commonest type surviving today is the 5-rappen brown on thick paper with a green thread, costing US$ 20 used; certain other types are rare, and the pale yellow-green shade of the 40-rappen value will go for $ 7,000 or more.
379:
Therefore, there were two types of postmarks. Berne has a small 20 x 24 mm. mark which reads "Helvt. Republ. at top and "Central Post Bureau" at bottom, and in the center a "E" (for
Eingegangen, received) and a "V" ( for Versandt, sent out). In the Lucerne marking, there was a line below the wording,
273:
Thus, the cantonal and private mail services were taken over. The country was then divided into five postal districts as follows: Berne, where
Fischer Posts were entrusted with the administration of the mails; Basel; ZĂĽrich; St. Gallen; and Schaffhausen, where the administration was left in the hands
269:
By March 19, 1798, the
Helvetic Republic had come into being; although it was not until September 1798 that the entire country was conquered. According to Napoleon, the country was "liberated" to form itself into a new State, which assumed the title of "Republique Helvetique Une et Indivisible." And,
391:
There are of course, recognized misprints called "Freaks" Some Bern covers dated June to
December 1799, with the Central Post Bureau wording, and one cover that was dated July 1799, from Lucerne with the postmark applied in red ink; although the use of red ink had been curtailed earlier. The red ink
645:
in 1881. (The paper has red and blue silk threads, clearly visible in the larger image of the stamp to the left.) The stamps continued in use until 1883; many of them are common and cheaply available today, although legitimate cancellations on the granite paper varieties are uncommon because of the
304:
The first Swiss stamps were those of the
Cantons (States) of ZĂĽrich, Geneva, and Basel. These early Swiss stamps have another distinction. They were also the 3rd (1843), 4th (1843), and 5th (1845) adhesive postage stamp issuing nations of the World. Unfortunately, the Cantonal postage stamp issues
563:
Strubel Type - Part 1 The classical definitive Swiss stamps were issued between 1854 and 1862, and were known as the
Strubel Issues. They are the most popular specialization subject for most serious classical Swiss philatelists. Officially, these stamps are called The Imperforate Sitting Helvetia
421:
But, an additional inscription, reading "10 PORT CANTONAL Cent" ran across the top of each pair. The idea was that the user could cut out a single stamp to pay the intra-commune rate, and a pair to make up the inter-commune rate. Only 6,000 of the doubles were ever printed, and as of 2008, intact
439:
Lucern was chosen as the headquarters seat for mail. All mail was handled through the
Central Post Bureau, which was under the authority of the Minister of Finance All letters were handed into the central bureau for sorting and forwarding. At the bureau they received the first Helvetic Republic
567:
These stamps feature a seated figure of
Helvetia wearing a laurel wreath. She holds a spear in her right arm, and her left arm is resting on a shield, emblazoned with the arms of the Helvetic Confederation. The effect given by the shape of the wreath around her embossed head caused many German
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Because all Postal Departments were in Lucerne, the volume of official correspondence was extremely heavy there; but purely private letters were quite rare. Such letters from Lucerne bore the title, "Central Post Bureau." These are known to have existed from November 1798 to July 1799.
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The first Republican Decree of the Helvetic State relating to postal matters was one of suppressing the old and colorful cantonal uniforms worn by the letter carriers, and As a symbol of national service, a new uniform was issued in the Republican colors of green, red and yellow
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in Berne was used as a post office from 1675 to 1883. The service was named for him "Fischerpost". The service operated until 1832. Beat Fischer von Reichenbach was knighted by Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor for establishing postal services between Germany and Spain. In 1975 a
755:
Several commemorative issues appeared in the 1930s, then in 1941 came new definitives honoring Swiss military heroes. Another definitive set in 1945 marked the end of the war; the higher values of this were issued in small numbers, and are relatively expensive today.
568:
speaking collectors to jokingly refer to the design as "Strubel", referring to the visual effect of Helvetia having "unkempt" or "frizzy" hair. The nickname for these issues stuck, and just about every collector of Swiss stamps now refers to them as "The Strubels".
422:
used doubles typically go for around US$ 60,000 at auction. Very rarely, horizontally inverted pairs, and even more rarely, vertical pairs, can be found and are greatly sought after by collectors with values reaching sometimes US$ 150'000 to US$ 200'000 at auction.
744:
In about 1930 Switzerland began to use "grilled gum", a light grill applied along the gum to counteract the tendency for gummed stamps to curl. The grill is most obvious on mint stamps, but is faintly visible on used stamps as well. This was abandoned around 1944.
292:" for historical reasons. "Confoederatio" means "confederation" and "Helvetica" is a reference to the Helvetians, a Celtic tribe that lived in Switzerland when the Romans invaded. The English equivalent of the Latin name is "Swiss Confederation." Hence, the use of
759:
The definitive series of 1949 depicted achievements of Swiss technology. Since that time, Swiss stamps have generally followed a regular pattern; an issue of about four commemoratives on a single date in the spring, and a similar group in the fall, as well as a
285:, rather than "Schweiz", "Suisse" "Svizzera", or "Svizra". With four official languages-German, French, Italian, and Romansch. The Swiss would have had to put all four languages on each stamp, quite a problem to overcome with such limited space on a stamp.
384:. Postmen would often improvise or play well-known melodies on the horn to entertain those along their delivery. This even resulted in some reprimands from their superiors to stop playing “vulgar” opera arias that the post office thought undignified.
535:
The adoption of the federal constitution in 1848 made it practical to issue confederation-wide stamps, and the first of these came out in 1850 (the exact date is uncertain). All used the same basic design, a Swiss cross surmounted by a
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stamp was also inscribed "LOCAL-TAXE" at the bottom, since it was intended to pay for letters mailed within a city, while the 6-rappen, inscribed "CANTONAL-TAXE", was for use with letters going anywhere in the canton. The design was
571:
This series of stamps have many, different variations including differing inks, paper, and paper thickness. Colored silk threads were used as a security device in the papers used to print the definitive Swiss stamps of 1854–1862.
1441:
141:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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The postal clerks were told to put a handwritten manuscript date after the "E" indicating the date the letter was received; yet there are examples of covers (envelopes) where the dates had not been filled in as ordered.
1491:
1696:
508:, depicting the Swiss federal cross and a posthorn, which served as a transitional issue until the stamps of the Swiss federal government made their appearance later that same year (see under Geneva above).
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In June 1799, the Seat of Government was transferred to Berne. A thorough reorganization took place at that time, and the post mark was changed to "Central Post Adminst. (for Central Post Administration).
127:
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and in the one used in Berne a small "posthorn" appeared. The post horn is synonymous in parts of Europe with the mail, and images of the instrument are still often used as a symbol of the
349:, making it the world's first tri-colored stamp. A first printing in light green instead of the chosen blue was first believed to be a proof, but now acknowledged as first trial printing.
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and an apple pierced by an arrow for values below 10c, a bust of Helvetia for 10c to 15c values, and another seated Helvetia for higher values. The William Tell's son design (by
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Central Post and Extra.-Courier Marks of the Helvetic Republic, 1798-1803, (with Catalog of Markings in English), By: Edith M. Faulstich, Postal History Journal, December 1964.
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In 1845, Geneva switched to conventional single 5c stamps. In 1849 it printed a 4c stamp featuring the federal cross, and similar 5c designs in 1850 and 1851. (See for example
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764:, usually in the spring. Starting in the 1980s, there have been additional themed issues; for instance, in 1993 an issue of four stamps featured works of art by Swiss women.
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555:. The "zone" (Rayon) system, in which the letter paid according to the distance travelled was later abolished: a fixed price took the mail to anywhere within Switzerland.
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stamps printed separately, each in five types, in sheets of 100, one with a large numeral "4" and the other with a "6", both inscribed "ZĂĽrich" at the top. The 4-
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752:, resulting in a vigorous albeit somewhat crude-looking appearance, and they were superseded by engraved versions of the same basic designs, beginning in 1936.
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measure. (In the illustration to the left, the thread is faintly visible about 1/3 of the distance from the bottom of the stamp, looking almost like a crease.)
414:", which was the world's first postage stamp in green colour. Like the first ZĂĽrich issue, it consisted of pairs of stamps; these were each printed in black on
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was issued in 1913, but regular annual issues did not start until 1915. For many years an issue of 3-5 stamps came out on 1 December each year, until 1972.
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Das Postwesen der alten Eidgenossenschaft: Anfänge bis 1798 = Swiss postal history of the old Confederation = Histoire postale de l'ancienne Confédération
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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637:" consisting of a cross inside an ellipse (not a true watermark because it was impressed into the paper after printing), and for the first time,
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Study on the postal stamps and cancellations of the League of Nations, the International Labor Office and their international conferences
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Katalog Schweiz/Liechtenstein, Campione und Vereinte Nationen, Genf = Catalogue Suisse/Liechtenstein, Campione et Nations Unies, Genève
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661:". These continued in use, with a number of variations in color, perforation, and paper, until 1907. 1900 saw Switzerland's first
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In 1852 a 15-rappen/centime value inscribed "RAYON III" was issued, using the same design as previously, but printed entirely in
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were needed in 1915 and 1921. The UPU was noted on its 50th anniversary in 1924 with two stamps, one depicting its building in
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in front of the crossbow's stock. From 1914 on, a portrait of William Tell himself was used for values between 10c and 30c.
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849:. Bern: Organisationskomitee der NABA ZURI 84, mit Unterstutzung durch den Fonds zur Forderung der Philatelie, 1984, 113p.
540:, but there were a number of variations. The local-rate stamps had a value of 2½ rappen, with some inscribed "ORTS-POST" (
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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Central Post and Extra.-Courier Marks of the Helvetic Republic, 1798–1803, (with Catalog of Markings in English),
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paper, depicting the city's arms, and inscribed "Poste de Genéve" at the top and "Port local" at the bottom.
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Switzerland, 1850–1958: detailed information concerning the stamps of Switzerland, when, why, and how issued
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266:(1845) for their own use, with the first federal issues coming several years later, on April 7, 1850.
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All of the preceding issues were declared invalid on 1 October 1854, and replaced with the seated
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In 1882, the low value stamps (up to 15c) were numerals, while the higher values featured a "
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of three mail farmers because of their close association with the Thurn and Taxis mails.
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The next definitive series was a set of scenic views issued in 1934. The designs were
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Closeup of the red thread embedded in the paper of the 1855 10rp stamp of Switzerland
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729:. Stamp printing experienced some difficulties during this period, and a variety of
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A number of values were printed between 1854 and 1862, ranging from 5 rappen to 1
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A new design with more legible seated Helvetia appeared in 1862, now sporting a "
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carrying a letter in its beak, and inscribed "STADT POST BASEL", a design by the
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Also in 1914, the first of many scenic stamps were issued. The 5fr depicted the
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The "Double Geneva" was designed to be usable for both local and cantonal rates.
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Handbuch Postgeschichte von Genf: Anfänge bis 1854 = Histoire postale de Genève
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On March 1, 1843, ZĂĽrich issued their first stamps: ZĂĽrich 4 and ZĂĽrich 6. The
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Canton of ZĂĽrich also issued a stamp in 1850, known to collectors as the
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In 1675, Beat Fischer von Reichenbach was granted permission to operate
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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693:) went through several redrawings, including a temporary move of the
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Cantonal Issues, Post Marks, Air Mail, and Extra. -Courier Marks
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665:, a set of three values issued for the 25th anniversary of the
927:. Pasadena, CA.: United Nations Philatelists, Inc., 1995, 72p.
870:. Asheville, N.C.: American Helvetia Philatelic Society, 2010
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An set of three stamps in 1919 celebrated peace at the end of
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On September 30, 1843, Geneva issued their first stamps: the "
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497:, with a pattern of fine red lines underneath, to discourage
472:, making it the second type of stamp in the world, after the
188:{{Translated|de|Postgeschichte und Briefmarken der Schweiz}}
899:. Lemont, Pa.: Society of Philatelic Americans, 1959, 80p.
856:. Lausanne: Societe Lausannoise de Timbrologie, 1898, 51p.
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Les timbres cantonaux de la Suisse et leurs falsifications
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Reprinted from Postal History Journal, December 1964, 16p.
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to this template: there are already 1,886 articles in the
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Postage stamps and the International Labour Organisation
327:" in 1845. This was a 2½-rappen value featuring a white
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The first stamps used in Switzerland were issued by the
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postage stamp dedicated to Beat Fischer von Reichenbach
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The Basel Dove was the world's first tri-colored stamp.
892:. Lawrence, MA: Quarterman Publications, 1975, 266p.
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Sitzende Helvetia Ungezähnt = Les Rappen (1854–1863)
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The issue was also notable for the use of a colored
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Switzerland is officially known by the Latin name "
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a machine-translated version of the German article.
868:Philately of Switzerland: an introductory handbook
920:. Genèva: International Labour Office, 1965, 15p.
804:Stempel aus der Stadt Bern zwischen 1803 und 1850
704:meadow, while the 3fr and 10fr stamps showed the
480:three years earlier. The issue consisted of two
427:Spezialkatalog uber die Briefmarken der Schweiz
363:in Bern, Switzerland. The building next to the
806:. Erlach: Philatelistenverein Bern, 2010, 78p.
176:accompanying your translation by providing an
121:Click for important translation instructions.
108:expand this article with text translated from
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813:. Waldstetten: Just-prephilately, 2006, 276p.
8:
890:The postage stamps of Switzerland, 1843–1862
885:. Wettingen: Strubel-Literatur, 2006 2 vols.
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523:Local mail and rayon stamps of Switzerland
888:Mirabaud, Paul and Alex de Reuterskiöld.
820:. Reinach: Multipress Verlag, 2000, 418p.
281:Swiss stamps are inscribed with the word
79:Learn how and when to remove this message
617:
607:thread running horizontally through the
42:This article includes a list of general
18:Stamps and postal history of Switzerland
937:
830:Bach, Jean-Paul and Felix Winterstein.
458:Monochrome image of the ZĂĽrich 4 and 6
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7:
1003:American Helvetia Philatelic Society
847:Die Zurcher Kantonalmarken von 1843
531:1850 10-rappen stamp of Switzerland
429:...Zumstein & Cie, Bern 1967.)
323:Basel issued their own stamp, the "
737:and the other the location of the
48:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1442:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
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653:25 centimes, 1881, granite paper
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33:
852:Reuterskiold, Axel de, Baron.
186:You may also add the template
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1808:Postage stamps of Switzerland
916:International Labour Office.
584:10 rappen, 1854, green thread
305:are tremendously rare today.
834:. Reinach: Multipress, 1995
774:Augustin Pyramus de Candolle
911:International organisations
895:Zinsmeister, Marian Carne.
517:Local mail and rayon stamps
495:Orell, Fuessli, and Company
372:was issued in Switzerland.
365:Berne Minster Gothic Chapel
158:will aid in categorization.
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1697:North German Confederation
945:Timeline of postal history
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341:. It is printed in black,
224:" to indicate Switzerland.
133:Machine translation, like
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986:Stamp Collecting World's
110:the corresponding article
1803:Philately of Switzerland
559:Definitives of 1854–1862
361:a private postal service
228:This is a survey of the
290:Confoederatio Helvetica
197:For more guidance, see
63:more precise citations.
1112:Bosnia and Herzegovina
976:Stamp Collecting World
667:Universal Postal Union
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199:Knowledge:Translation
170:copyright attribution
1757:Philately portal
795:Faulstich, Edith M.
663:commemorative stamps
1107:Bohemia and Moravia
1702:Schleswig-Holstein
1575:Bushire occupation
923:Misteli, Charles.
816:Schäfer, Richard.
809:Schäfer, Richard.
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720:semi-postal stamp
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659:Standing Helvetia
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1692:Mecklenburg
1507:Post abroad
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1343:Mount Athos
1273:Isle of Man
956:postillions
750:typographed
727:World War I
482:imperforate
478:Penny Black
440:postmarks.
382:post office
296:on stamps.
262:(1843) and
239:Switzerland
61:introducing
1797:Categories
1497:Yugoslavia
1417:San Marino
1338:Montenegro
1318:Luxembourg
1253:Heligoland
1231:GB regions
1092:Azerbaijan
1072:Allenstein
932:References
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876:0984431705
731:surcharges
718:The first
325:Basel Dove
216:The Swiss
44:references
1672:Bergedorf
1422:Schleswig
1313:Lithuania
1243:Greenland
1221:Gibraltar
1054:territory
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906:. Annual.
713:mountains
695:bowstring
635:watermark
576:Helvetias
553:vermilion
336:architect
192:talk page
144:Consider
112:in German
1767:Americas
1746:See also
1682:Holstein
1651:Zanzibar
1618:Zanzibar
1515:Austrian
1437:Slovenia
1432:Slovakia
1388:Portugal
1248:Guernsey
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779:Helvetia
768:See also
710:Jungfrau
687:crossbow
594:Helvetia
538:posthorn
329:embossed
294:Helvetia
283:Helvetia
258:(1843),
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168:provide
1777:Oceania
1712:Russian
1677:Hamburg
1641:Morocco
1570:Morocco
1542:British
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1482:Ukraine
1477:Tuscany
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1328:Moldova
1288:Karelia
1268:Ireland
1263:Iceland
1258:Hungary
1209:Germany
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1199:Funchal
1177:Finland
1167:Estonia
1157:Denmark
1127:Croatia
1102:Belgium
1097:Belarus
1087:Austria
1082:Armenia
1077:Andorra
1067:Albania
878:, 345p.
842:, 148p.
598:Italian
434:LUCERNE
343:crimson
252:cantons
246:History
190:to the
172:in the
114:.
57:improve
1762:Africa
1687:LĂĽbeck
1628:German
1590:French
1555:Arabia
1472:Turkey
1457:Sweden
1427:Serbia
1407:Russia
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1383:Poland
1373:Norway
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1303:Latvia
1298:Kosovo
1283:Jersey
1238:Greece
1187:France
1152:Danzig
1132:Cyprus
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706:Mythen
677:A new
546:French
542:German
486:rappen
449:ZĂśRICH
397:GENEVA
345:, and
260:Geneva
256:ZĂĽrich
218:stamps
46:, but
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1720:China
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1636:China
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1598:China
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1560:China
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1278:Italy
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1062:Ă…land
702:RĂĽtli
628:franc
609:paper
354:BERNE
310:BASEL
264:Basel
135:DeepL
1772:Asia
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1041:and
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708:and
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347:blue
332:dove
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164:You
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