614:
standard and no law schools having ever been found in violation of the rule. The new rule requires the 75% bar passage rate be achieved within 2 years with no exceptions. The change was passed by the
Section despite failing a vote in the ABA House of Delegates twice. Proponents of the change say the increased standard will ensure students are better prepared for passing the bar and for legal practice in general with less students acquiring large student debt without reasonable job opportunities. Opponents claim this will adversely affect diversity in law schools, which will be forced to increase their admissions standards and required LSAT scores, which in turn will disproportionately affect minority applicants. Under the new plan, 14 schools will be at risk of losing their accreditation if their bar-passage rates do not improve within two years. At the time of the rule change, three law schools were currently in the process of closing, and another school was under probation. In June 2019, the ABA voted to revoke the accreditation of Thomas Jefferson School of Law in San Diego, California.
606:, called upon the ABA to provide meaningful statistics regarding the employment prospects and salary information of graduates of ABA accredited institutions. In 2011 and 2012, the ABA updated its accreditation process to include penalties and possible loss of accreditation for schools that misrepresented their graduates' employment data, as well as, greatly expanded the information required from accredited laws schools regarding student bar-passage rates and post-graduate employment. Despite the ongoing controversy surrounding law school accreditation standards and inability of law school graduates to effectively service their educational debt, the ABA continued to approve new law schools.
334:
1128:, Mark A. Cohen criticized the ABA for failing to keep the practice of law in America up with the changing demands of modern society. Cohen also criticized the ABA for opposing regulatory reform that would help increase access to affordable legal services for those in need and for engaging in protectionism when some legal services could be performed by paralegals and other non-lawyer professionals at a lower cost. Eighty percent of Americans cannot afford legal services and the ABA has failed to embrace alternative legal delivery methods that could address this problem.
599:
requirements placed on law schools by the ABA. Many states and practitioners believe ABA requirements to be unnecessary, costly, outdated and lacking innovation. Some legal professionals and academics feel these requirements promote the rising cost of tuition. The collision of attorney layoffs in 2009, the glut of fresh non-top-tier law graduates without work, and the continued expansion of law schools raised questions on whether the ABA has been too lenient in its accreditation process.
54:
1275:
193:
1289:
984:
of judicial nominees for rating. President Trump returned to George W. Bush's policy of not giving the ABA advanced notice of judicial nominees. Seven of George W. Bush's nominees received a 'not qualified' ranking, four of
Clinton's nominees, zero of Obama's nominees, and, through December 2018, six of Trump's nominees were rated 'not qualified'. For recent U.S. Supreme Court nominees, Chief Justice
644:
446:
705:
3961:
2534:
3334:
815:); (3) newsletters, such as The International Law News (published by the ABA Section of International Law); (4) e-publications, such as a monthly message from the section chair, or updates on substantive law developments; and (5) committee publications, such as a committee newsletter published by one of the substantive law committees.
3272:
610:
class sizes for first-year and upper-class courses, employment outcomes and bar passage data. The 205 ABA-approved law schools reported that, 10 months after graduation, 28,029 graduates of the class of 2015, or 70 percent, were employed in long-term, full-time positions where bar passage is required or a J.D. is preferred.
1063:
also criticized the organization for taking liberal stances on issues then proclaiming to be neutral when evaluating judicial nominees. The ABA said "evaluation of these candidates does not consider the nominees' politics, their ideology or their party affiliation and has found unqualified candidates
1019:
In 2001 a study "found that nominees confirmed to the federal appeals courts with prior judicial experience fared about the same before the bar association whether they were nominated by the first
President George Bush or President Bill Clinton. But ... 'among those without prior judicial experience,
899:
A hearing in 2009 heard testimony from the ABA which stated that "Sentencing by mandatory minimums is the antithesis of rational sentencing policy". In 2004 the association called for the repeal of mandatory minimum sentences, stating that "there is no need for mandatory minimum sentences in a guided
609:
Since 2014, the ABA has required law schools to disclose more information about their applicants and graduates. Required information now includes such information as admissions data, tuition and fees, living costs, conditional scholarships, enrollment data, numbers of full-time and part-time faculty,
598:
The ABA accreditation process has been widely criticized for failing to ensure that law schools are disclosing accurate post-graduate statistics which may mislead students regarding the post-graduate job market, especially in light of ever-growing student loan debt. There are heated debates over
567:
ABA accreditation is important not only because it affects the recognition of the law schools involved, but it also affects a graduate's ability to practice law in a particular state. Specifically, in most U.S. jurisdictions, graduation from an ABA-accredited law school is prerequisite towards being
948:
The committee works in strictly-enforced confidentiality, typically evaluating around 60 nominees per year. Nominees are rated as "well qualified", "qualified" or "not qualified". If the president selects a prospective nominee, the committee chair notifies the White House, the
Department of Justice,
940:
For decades, the ABA has participated in the federal judicial nomination process by vetting nominees and giving them a rating ranging from "not qualified" to "well qualified". According to a compendium of those ratings, the ABA's
Committee on the Federal Judiciary began rating Supreme Court nominees
716:
The
American Bar Association Center for Continuing Legal Education (ABA-CLE) serves as the central CLE resource for the ABA. It is overseen by the ABA Standing Committee on Continuing Legal Education and works closely with experts from the ABA Sections and the profession at large. In addition to its
411:
The ABA adopts "policy" (organizational positions) on certain legislative and national issues, as voted on by its elected, 589-member House of
Delegates. Its board of governors, with 44 members, has the authority to act for the ABA, consistent with previous action of the House of Delegates, when the
983:
In 2001, the George W. Bush administration announced that it would cease submitting names to the ABA in advance of judicial nominations. The ABA continued to rate nominees, just not before the names were released publicly. During the Obama administration, the ABA was once again given advance notice
1051:
administration. These ratings added further fuel to conservatives' arguments of bias in the nominee rating process. Republicans argued that members of the
Committee on the Federal Judiciary have allowed their personal liberal political leanings to influence their ratings under the category of
836:
In 2017, the ABA's
Commission on Women in the Profession released "A Current Glance at Women in the Law", providing research about the status of women in the American legal profession. The report showed a 6 percent increase in women attorneys over the last decade, with women currently making up 36
415:
The ABA president, elected to a one-year term, is chief executive officer of the association, while the appointed, longer-serving executive director works as chief operating officer. The conclusion of the ABA annual meeting, in August, is when a new president takes office, as well as when the main
952:
There are several procedural differences between the committee's investigations of
Supreme Court nominees and those of lower courts, notably that investigations of Supreme Court nominees are conducted after the president has submitted a nomination. Also, there is added scrutiny with Supreme Court
832:
The ABA's Criminal Justice Section, specifically the Corrections Committee, focuses on the United States Criminal Justice System and its surrounding laws, policies, and structure. The Corrections Committee "is pushing to provide greater assistance ... for those reentering society" from prison by
613:
In May 2019, the ABA Council of the Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar changed the requirement for graduate bar passage rates. Previously, to remain accredited, schools had to have a 75% bar passage rate for students within 5 years of graduation, with various ways to meet this
568:
allowed to sit for that state's bar exam, and even for existing lawyers to be admitted to the bar of another state upon motion. Even states which recognize unaccredited schools within their borders will generally not recognize such schools from other jurisdictions for purposes of bar admission.
349:
The legal profession as we know it today barely existed at that time. Lawyers were generally sole practitioners who trained under a system of apprenticeship. There was no national code of ethics; there was no national organization to serve as a forum for discussion of the increasingly intricate
944:
The committee consists of two members from the ninth judicial circuit, one member from each of the other federal judicial circuits and the chair of the committee. The ABA's board of governors, House of Delegates and officers are not involved with the work of the committee, and it is completely
163:, and the formulation of model ethical codes related to the legal profession. As of fiscal year 2017, the ABA had 194,000 dues-paying members, constituting approximately 14.4% of American attorneys. In 1979, half of all lawyers in the U.S. were members of the ABA. The organization's national
884:
At the 2014 annual meeting, the ABA passed Resolution 114B, which stated that "lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people have a human right to be free from discrimination, threats, and violence based on their LGBT status," and called on the governments of countries where such
402:
On May 1, 2019, the ABA launched a new membership model aimed at reversing declining membership and revenue. As mentioned in "Criticisms", below, and despite ABA's own rule against age-discriminatory conduct, the "experience-based" component of the ABA dues structure is a proxy for age
1046:
The ABA judicial nominee rating process drew additional attention during the Trump administration. Through June 2019, six of President Trump's nominees were rated "not qualified." Three of those were ranked unanimously not qualified, which had only occurred twice previously since the
945:
insulated from the rest of the ABA's activities, including its policies. Although the committee rates prospective nominees, it does not propose, recommend or endorse candidates for nomination to the federal judiciary, as that would compromise its independent evaluative function.
920:" violates the Constitution. These are documents attached by the president when signing bills, in which the president expresses an opinion that newly created legal restrictions on the executive branch or president are not binding and need not be enforced or obeyed as written.
1033:
president. Supporters of the rating system argue that nominees rated 'not qualified' will not perform as well as judges, however, a 2010 study found "a review of tens of thousands of dispositions does not provide generally persuasive evidence that judges rated by the ABA as
857:(conducted by NORC at the University of Chicago researcher Mandy Sha) on the experiences of Hispanic, African-American, Native American, and Asian American women in the legal profession and produced a toolkit in 2014 to assist bar associations, law firms, and corporations.
1089:, who was the Assistant Attorney General of the United States at that time, was initially admitted to the ABA, but his admission was rescinded in 1912 due to his race. This policy only changed in 1943, but no African American lawyers joined until 1950. In 1925,
4011:
354:
The purpose of the original organization, as set forth in its first constitution, was "the advancement of the science of jurisprudence, the promotion of the administration of justice and a uniformity of legislation throughout the country...."
2732:
4004:
510:
One function of the ABA is its creation and maintenance of a code of ethical standards for lawyers. Its first ethics code was created in 1908, and the code has undergone substantial revisions since. This code, called the
3997:
574:
In November 2022, the ABA Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar Council voted to eliminate its accreditation requirement that law schools in the United States require prospective students submit results on the
1258:
Each year in August, the ABA holds an annual meeting in different cities that consists of speeches, CLE classes, gatherings, and the ABA EXPO. At the meeting, the recipient of the association's highest honor, the
563:
for law schools in the U.S. American law schools that are accredited by the council are termed "approved" by the ABA, which indicates the law school was found to be in compliance with ABA accreditation standards.
2305:
1028:
president, with all other factors being equal. Candidates nominated by a Democratic president were 15 percent more likely to receive a "well qualified" ranking than a similarly qualified candidate nominated by a
4100:
2203:
431:
was named ABA Executive Director/COO after Rives' retirement in March 2023. She joined the ABA staff in 1988 and rose through the ranks at the association before being named deputy executive director in 2022.
774:
published by the Real Property, Trust and Estate Law) ). Some of these magazines, such as the Business Law Section's "Business Law Today", are available on-line to non-members. The first such journal was the
1117:. The ABA's official position in favor of abortion rights led to the formation of an alternative organization for lawyers in 1993, the National Lawyers for Life, now the National Lawyers Association. The
1072:
Throughout its history, the ABA has faced a range of criticism for different issues, including for their past stances regarding race, their diversity (or lack thereof), and for their policy positions.
315:
2724:
2268:
1551:
4045:
1307:
2702:
416:
sessions of the House of Delegates take place. The annual meeting also gives the general membership the opportunity to participate in educational programs and hear speakers address many issues.
4205:
758:
ABA members may also join practice setting or subject-specific "sections", "divisions", or "forums", and each entity publishes a variety of newsletters and magazines for its members (such as
571:
For law students attending ABA-accredited schools, memberships are available for free. Students attending non-ABA accredited law schools are permitted to join the ABA as associate members.
4060:
853:
companies, but still women only represent 24.8 percent of Fortune 500 general counsels. Since 2003, the Commission on Women in the Profession also supported quantitative and qualitative
4210:
1747:
4035:
3608:
3455:
1105:
In recent years, the ABA has also drawn some criticism, mainly from the conservative side of the political spectrum, for taking positions on controversial public policy topics such as
4090:
845:, women make up less than 22 percent of partners, a 4.2 percent increase over the last 10 years. In the last decade, there has been a significant growth rate of women in the role of
2285:
4055:
3921:
3026:
4105:
1131:
The ABA also failed to address rules that prohibit some online legal referral websites when it updated the Model Rules regarding Communication Concerning a Lawyer's Services.
4276:
4020:
2676:
560:
479:
1625:
1020:
the differences were stark: 65 percent of Clinton nominees received the A.B.A.'s highest rating compared to 17 percent of Bush nominees.'" In 2012, a study was released in
4271:
2359:
1140:
308:
4195:
4170:
4150:
2410:
4266:
2013:
159:
and law students; it is not specific to any jurisdiction in the United States. Founded in 1878, the ABA's stated activities are the setting of academic standards for
3209:
539:). The one state that has not adopted the ABA's code is California, and Puerto Rico is the sole territory that has not adopted the ABA's code. However, parts of the
2910:
1585:
4040:
2334:
3872:
1055:
Members of the committee were accused of asking inappropriate questions of a nominee regarding abortion and negatively referring to Republicans as "you people."
301:
3290:
Smelcer, Susan Navarro; Steigerwalt, Amy; Vining, Richard L. Jr. (December 2012). "Bias and the Bar: Evaluating the ABA Ratings of Federal Judicial Nominees".
2595:
4200:
4145:
4120:
4215:
2475:"Justice Department Asks Court to Hold American Bar Association in Civil Contempt - ABA Acknowledges Consent Decree Violations and Agrees to Pay $ 185,000"
1537:
709:
1703:
4251:
4190:
3709:
1568:
2243:
4115:
2710:
1519:
4130:
4085:
665:
516:
399:
and condescending terms. The rule also prohibits attorneys from engaging in discrimination based on age in the conduct of bar association activities.
253:
3902:
3158:
2566:
1995:
1945:
4180:
1729:
4246:
4140:
4165:
928:
At the 2010 annual meeting, the ABA passed Resolution 111 urging every state, territorial, and tribal government to eliminate legal barriers to
792:
Each entity typically has a publication program that includes (1) books, usually oriented toward practitioners; (2) scholarly journals, such as
4261:
4080:
3526:
4024:
1809:
1097:
at a time when the ABA would not allow them to be members. Currently, the National Bar Association has over 60,000 members and 84 chapters.
556:
4160:
2651:
544:
184:
941:
in 1956, but: "At various points in its history, the committee altered its ratings categories, making comparisons across time difficult."
3989:
3761:
1913:
1607:
877:
At the 2013 annual meeting, the ABA's House of Delegates passed a resolution that made it harder for criminal defense lawyers to use the
2220:
1317:
512:
279:
3405:
3100:
3044:
4241:
3380:
3965:
874:
and gender identity among characteristics that should be protected, along with race, religion, national origin, sex, and disability.
4236:
4125:
3142:
1481:
833:
pushing law schools and state bar associations to provide opportunities for law students to represent prisoners reentering society.
691:
497:
4095:
2680:
4110:
4075:
4070:
3922:"Paulette Brown: The Engineer for Justice – The first African-American female president of the ABA on 'the long arc of history.'"
1636:
1368:
1302:
1030:
1025:
4185:
2449:"Justice Department and American Bar Association Resolve Charges That the ABA's Process for Accrediting Law Schools was Misused"
4155:
2725:"Federal Bill Introduced Mandating 10 Years To Life For Pot Sales, American Bar Association Report Blasts Mandatory Sentencing"
2625:
1414:; For a historical overview see Matzko, John A., "'The Best Men of the Bar': The Founding of the American Bar Association," in
1322:
1059:
stated that the ABA is a liberal advocacy group and, as such, "should not be treated as a fair or impartial arbiter of merit."
881:
panic defense, which argues that a crime victim's sexual orientation or gender identity should mitigate the defendant's guilt.
465:
212:
4175:
2943:
3479:
Shepherd, George B. “No African-American Lawyers Allowed: The Inefficient Racism of the ABA’s Accreditation of Law Schools.”
1260:
669:
369:
Prior to 1943, the ABA did not admit any African-American members and its discrimination led to the formation in 1937 of the
3683:
2798:
1685:
2014:"Grassley asks about potential bait and switch of students at ABA-accredited law schools and subsequent risk for taxpayers"
854:
333:
3273:"Examining the American Bar Association's Ratings of Nominees to the U.S. Courts of Appeals for Political Bias, 1989-2000"
2884:
2178:
1312:
819:
809:
2516:
2385:
2763:
Berry, Michael J. (2009). "Controversially Executing The Law: George W. Bush And The Constitutional Signing Statement".
1769:
1593:
1352:
1121:
previously sponsored a twice-a-year publication called "ABA Watch" that reports on the political activities of the ABA.
536:
274:
3735:
2152:
4256:
4050:
3880:
3842:
3812:
3586:
3431:
2032:
1407:
232:
2125:
1520:"QUIT BAR ASSOCIATION, CHARGING RACE BIAS; Judge Goldstein and A.G. Hays Protest Exclusion of Negro (Published 1943)"
3075:
4135:
770:
342:
258:
2057:
377:
in 1943 and several prominent members threatened to quit as a result and the organization was finally integrated.
2965:
2867:
799:
794:
576:
248:
1859:
1707:
1094:
804:
718:
654:
584:
528:
475:
289:
1976:
1834:
1505:
2938:
1950:
1918:
1863:
1347:
673:
658:
603:
540:
461:
456:
424:
116:
31:
841:
award 47.3 percent of J.D.s to women, which has been consistent for the past 10 years. In private practice
17:
3335:"ABA Judicial Ratings as the 'Gold Standard' or Fool's Gold: Federal District Judge Ratings and Reversals"
2596:"A Current Glance at Women in the Law by American Bar Association - Commission on Women in the Profession"
1454:
1357:
1110:
798:(published by the ABA Section of Administrative Law & Regulatory Practice and The American University
782:
370:
1387:
789:
journal in the U.S. (1908–1914). The entities also hold their own meetings, such as the annual Solo Day.
559:
recognises the Council of the ABA Section on Legal Education and Admissions to the Bar as a professional
428:
1024:
showing that from 1977 to 2008 there was a distinct bias in favor of judicial candidates nominated by a
1013:
777:
760:
580:
363:
149:
1429:
3352:
1795:
708:
Russell Frisby, 2008–2009 Chair of the ABA's Administrative Law and Regulatory Practice section, at a
3409:
3384:
3104:
3048:
1280:
1220:
973:
894:
812:
524:
3788:"ABA proposes changes to lawyer ad rules; but referral-fee issue as to Avvo and others remains open"
3381:"American Bar Association refers to conservatives as 'you people' when rating Trump's judicial pick"
3210:"ABA Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary rates Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson "Well Qualified""
423:, formerly TJAG (The Judge Advocate General of the Air Force), was appointed executive director and
2999:
1770:"American Bar Association (ABA) | Encyclopedia of American Government and Civics - Credo Reference"
993:
961:
953:
nominees, such as teams of law professors examining the legal writings of the prospective justice.
717:
own distribution, the ABA-CLE is also delivered via private, non-profit CLE organizations, such as
630:. In 2006, the ABA acknowledged that it violated the consent decree and paid DOJ a $ 185,000 fine.
403:
discrimination, imposing significantly higher dues on lawyers as their years in practice increase.
385:
359:
4036:
Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics
2474:
2335:"ABA legal ed section's council adopts tighter bar pass standard; clock for compliance starts now"
1977:"Breaking: Senator Boxer Calls on ABA to Ensure Accurate and Transparent Reporting by Law Schools"
3484:
3315:
3307:
3185:"ABA testifies on 'well qualified' rating: Kavanaugh has 'an excellent reputation for integrity'"
3184:
2973:
2780:
2677:"American Bar Association Adopts Inclusive Anti-Bullying Resolution | Human Rights Campaign"
1572:
1337:
1207:
1154:
1118:
957:
871:
3710:"Perspective: The Opposition to ABA Law Connect Was About Lawyer Protectionism, Not Public Good"
3134:
2448:
53:
3560:
3246:
3138:
1477:
1198:
1173:
1114:
1048:
1009:
929:
917:
622:
In 1995 the United States Department of Justice accused the ABA of violating Section 1 of the
590:
admissions test (while continuing to permit law schools to require them of their own accord).
587:
374:
3984:
3299:
2772:
1552:"Paulette Brown to become first African-American woman to head the American Bar Association"
1160:
1090:
1086:
909:
176:
1653:
345:, by 75 lawyers from 20 states and the District of Columbia. According to the ABA website:
192:
1996:"Senators Seek Decade of Detailed Law School Placement, Bar Passage and Student Debt Data"
1411:
1327:
1188:
1182:
1167:
1005:
846:
786:
765:
381:
152:
92:
82:
3609:"Lawyers' group fuels Republicans' ire over its negative reviews of Trump judicial picks"
3456:"Lawyers' group fuels Republicans' ire over its negative reviews of Trump judicial picks"
949:
the members of the Senate Judiciary Committee and the nominee of the committee's rating.
3159:"ABA rates Supreme Court nominee Gorsuch "Well Qualified" - Governmental Affairs Office"
829:
The ABA's Commission on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity was established in 2007.
3127:
1213:
969:
913:
870:
In 2011, the ABA's House of Delegates passed an anti-bullying resolution that included
627:
227:
38:
3787:
3654:
3501:
2826:
2411:"American Bar Association Votes to Strip Thomas Jefferson Law School of Accreditation"
2033:"Suggestions for Law School Makeovers Include Radical Changes – Daily Business Review"
1569:"At the Bar; High bar official draws fire over dismissals, flamboyance and Dalmatians"
4230:
3319:
2784:
1946:"No LSAT Required? Law Schools Admissions Tests Could Be Optional Under New Proposal"
1244:
1147:
965:
420:
2107:
2088:
740:
The association publishes a monthly general magazine circulated to all members, the
3552:
3238:
2933:
2360:"Law schools where too many graduates fail the bar exam may face tougher sanctions"
1538:"Judge Jonah Goldstein Quits Bar Association Because It Bars Negro from Membership"
1342:
1001:
989:
985:
977:
222:
217:
164:
3939:
2179:"Advancing Transparency in Law School Employment Data: The ABA's New Standard 509"
1706:. ABA Media Relations & Communication Services. April 22, 2010. Archived from
3406:"Cynthia Nance bias colors Trump judicial nominees' ABA ratings, Republicans say"
3045:"Cynthia Nance bias colors Trump judicial nominees' ABA ratings, Republicans say"
2436:
1365:, an electronic mailing list sponsored and hosted by the American Bar Association
2803:
1288:
997:
850:
838:
742:
735:
643:
623:
445:
1586:"Risk & Reinvention: How Women Are Changing the World — August 15-16, 2014"
2776:
1894:
1418:, Gerard W. Gawalt (ed.), (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1984), pp. 75-96.
1294:
1270:
520:
160:
3564:
3303:
3250:
2306:"Law schools will face tougher sanctions if too many graduates fail bar exam"
1955:
1923:
1876:
1332:
1060:
842:
704:
3850:
3820:
1404:
3960:
626:
in its law school accreditation proceedings. The case was resolved with a
391:
In 2016 ABA introduced a new ethics rule prohibiting attorneys from using
2868:"STANDING COMMITTEE ON THE FEDERAL JUDICIARY WHAT IT IS AND HOW IT WORKS"
1106:
1056:
172:
3488:
3311:
3129:
Counsel for the Situation: Shaping the Law to Realize America's Promise
3101:"Lawmakers clash over American Bar Association's role in rating judges"
2435:
United States v. American Bar Association, U.S. District Court (D.C.),
2244:"Law school accreditation standards get update after 6 years of effort"
2065:
1362:
207:
168:
96:
3980:
2977:
2709:. Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. June 2010. Archived from
1082:
396:
392:
384:
as its first woman executive director, who served from 1987 to 1990.
156:
2535:"Pushing Pro Bono for the Incarcerated and Those Reentering Society"
768:
published by the Solo, Small Firm and General Practice Division and
337:
U.S. postage stamp commemorating the ABA's 75th anniversary in 1953
3633:
2221:"The John Marshall Law School Launches New Law School in Savannah"
1497:
332:
4116:
Council on Accreditation of Nurse Anesthesia Educational Programs
4065:
2126:"Up to 10 New Law Schools Planned; How Many Are Too Many? - News"
1474:
Governments, NGOs and Anti-Corruption: The New Integrity Warriors
980:
judicial nominees with similar resumes "well qualified" ratings.
2852:
The Supreme Court Compendium: Data, Decisions & Developments
878:
532:
3993:
3973:
1608:"'Honeys' finally barred from courtroom; ABA move long overdue"
637:
439:
131:
4211:
WASC Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges
3762:"Advertising 2.0? The ABA Revises Attorney Advertising Rules"
388:
was the first female president of the ABA from 1995 to 1996.
4141:
Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology
4046:
Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine
3736:"Rocket Lawyer CEO On the Quick Demise of ABA Pilot Program"
2703:"Sentencing Commission Takes New Look at Mandatory Minimums"
4206:
Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools
4166:
National Accrediting Commission of Career Arts and Sciences
976:
low "qualified/not qualified" ratings; later, the ABA gave
37:"Ankerwycke" redirects here. For the ancient yew tree, see
3133:. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. pp.
2626:"ABA Resolution 113: Why Your Law Firm Needs to Diversify"
1914:"Law School Accrediting Panel Votes to Make LSAT Optional"
908:
In July 2006, an ABA task force under ABA president, then
721:
and for-profit organizations, such as West LegalEdCenter.
358:
In 1918, the first women were admitted to the ABA – Judge
4061:
Accrediting Council for Continuing Education and Training
3587:"Senate Scours American Bar Association for Liberal Bias"
3432:"Senate Scours American Bar Association for Liberal Bias"
1748:"Alphabetical List of Jurisdictions Adopting Model Rules"
1672:
American Bar Association Centennial—A Century of Service
1388:"Office of the President | President Reginald M. Turner"
4091:
Association of Advanced Rabbinical and Talmudic Schools
2286:"2015 ABA-Approved Law School Graduate Employment Data"
1472:
de Sousa, Luís; Hindess, Barry; Larmour, Peter (2012).
1455:"New ABA Membership Strategy Aims to Reverse Slide (1)"
1416:
The New High Priests: Lawyers in Post-Civil War America
808:(published by the ABA Section of International Law and
471:
175:, and it also maintains a significant branch office in
4161:
Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education
2911:"ABA Retains Little Objectivity in Nomination Process"
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
1686:"Meet the ABA's New Executive Director, Jack L. Rives"
1430:"ABA Decline: Why Are Fewer Lawyers Joining The Club?"
4056:
Accrediting Commission of Career Schools and Colleges
4106:
Commission on English Language Program Accreditation
3125:
Coleman, William Thaddeus; Bliss, Donald T. (2010).
2885:"Obama Asks ABA To Evaluate Federal Judiciary Picks"
2517:"ABA Says LGBT Discrimination Violates Human Rights"
956:
The process has been alleged by some (including the
2799:"ABA Backs Marriage Equality for Gays and Lesbians"
2153:"Kyle McEntee Challenges Law Schools to Come Clean"
126:
113:
103:
88:
78:
60:
3126:
2499:Annual Report of the American Bar Association 2007
1835:"ABA-Accredited Law School | The Princeton Review"
1141:List of Presidents of the American Bar Association
930:civil marriage between two persons of the same sex
4196:Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities
4171:National Association of Schools of Art and Design
4051:Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing
3027:"Bush Curtails ABA Role in Selecting U.S. Judges"
2561:
2559:
2031:Susan BeckContactAll Articles (January 5, 2009).
2300:
2298:
2269:"Managing Director's Guidance Memo Standard 509"
1704:"ABA Names Jack L. Rives New Executive Director"
460:, potentially preventing the article from being
2745:Green, Elizabeth Weiss. "Signs Of A Struggle."
1042:Nominee ratings during the Trump administration
1016:all received the same "well qualified" rating.
347:
4041:Accrediting Bureau of Health Education Schools
4216:WASC Senior College and University Commission
4151:Middle States Commission on Secondary Schools
4096:Association of Institutions of Jewish Studies
4005:
3353:"ABA ratings during the Trump administration"
3076:"Trump Picks More 'Not Qualified' Judges (1)"
2108:"Best Defense? Seeking a Haven in Law School"
1575:, March 31, 1989. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
309:
8:
4201:Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
4146:Middle States Commission on Higher Education
3634:"Our History | National Lawyers Association"
551:Accreditation of U.S. law schools since 1923
46:
4111:Commission on Massage Therapy Accreditation
4071:American Board of Funeral Service Education
2854:, page 390 (Fourth Edition, CQ Press, 2007)
2386:"Ultimate Bar Passage: Law Schools at Risk"
1448:
1446:
672:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
341:The ABA was founded on August 21, 1878, in
18:Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary
4277:Professional associations based in Chicago
4191:New England Commission of Higher Education
4186:National Association of Schools of Theatre
4012:
3998:
3990:
3333:Barondes, Royce de Rohan (June 30, 2010).
2089:"Laid-Off Lawyers and Other Professionals"
885:discriminatory laws exist to repeal them.
618:Antitrust consent decree and contempt fine
480:reliable, independent, third-party sources
316:
302:
180:
45:
4272:Non-profit organizations based in Chicago
4156:Midwifery Education Accreditation Council
4131:Distance Education Accrediting Commission
4086:Association for Biblical Higher Education
3920:Caldwell, Andre' B. (February 15, 2017).
2656:ABA Commission on Women in the Profession
1864:Rules Regarding Admission to Practice Law
1674:, page 8 (American Bar Association, 1979)
1453:Stanzione, Melissa Heelan (May 1, 2019).
1216:(first African-American female president)
692:Learn how and when to remove this message
517:Model Code of Professional Responsibility
498:Learn how and when to remove this message
4181:National Association of Schools of Music
4176:National Association of Schools of Dance
3684:"Is the American Bar Association Passé?"
3553:"Legal Group's Neutrality Is Challenged"
3239:"Legal Group's Neutrality Is Challenged"
912:, released a report that concluded that
764:published by the Law Practice Division;
703:
545:California Rules of Professional Conduct
474:by replacing them with more appropriate
4267:1878 establishments in New York (state)
4021:Postsecondary institutional accreditors
1379:
1308:ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct
1150:(first African-American male president)
457:too closely associated with the subject
266:
240:
199:
183:
4081:American Podiatric Medical Association
2946:from the original on September 7, 2006
2567:"A Current Glance at Women in the Law"
1064:put forth by both political parties."
3677:
3675:
3450:
3448:
3375:
3373:
3232:
3230:
3069:
3067:
3065:
2862:
2860:
2735:from the original on January 3, 2019.
2328:
2326:
1763:
1761:
1730:"Model Rules of Professional Conduct"
1194:2011–2012: Wm. T. (Bill) Robinson III
932:who are otherwise eligible to marry.
557:United States Department of Education
515:(1983), — or, in its older form, the
7:
3655:"ABA Watch - The Federalist Society"
2652:"Women of Color Research Initiative"
1912:Mulvaney, Erin (November 18, 2022).
1796:"Accreditation in the United States"
861:Positions on social and legal issues
670:adding citations to reliable sources
185:Legal education in the United States
3760:Stallings, Ten (October 22, 2018).
3607:Wolf, Richard (December 26, 2017).
1318:Association of American Law Schools
1191:(first Hispanic American president)
513:Model Rules of Professional Conduct
436:Model ethical standards for lawyers
280:Association of American Law Schools
4101:Association of Theological Schools
3981:American Bar Association FBI Files
2966:"ABA Ratings of Judicial Nominees"
2934:"Yes, the ABA Rankings Are Biased"
2932:Lindgren, James (August 6, 2001).
1810:"ABA-Approved Law Schools by Year"
1590:Women's International Study Center
1508:from the original on May 22, 2018.
350:issues involved in legal practice.
25:
4252:Organizations established in 1878
4126:Council on Occupational Education
4121:Council on Chiropractic Education
3786:Rubin, Karen (February 1, 2018).
3682:Cohen, Mark A. (August 1, 2018).
3025:Goldstein, Amy (March 23, 2001).
2106:Koppel, Nathan (March 19, 2009).
1994:Hansen, Mark (October 14, 2011).
889:Mandatory sentencing requirements
837:percent of the legal profession.
4076:American Osteopathic Association
3959:
3879:. August 8, 2011. Archived from
3271:Lindgren, James (October 2001).
2909:Batkins, Sam (August 12, 2004).
1670:Fitzpatrick, Thomas M., editor.
1502:New York Women's Bar Association
1369:Union Internationale des Avocats
1303:ABA digital signature guidelines
1287:
1273:
1081:The ABA has been criticized for
964:bias. For example, the ABA gave
748:American Bar Association Journal
642:
594:Accreditation process criticisms
547:were drawn from the ABA models.
519:(1969) — has been adopted in 49
455:may rely excessively on sources
444:
191:
52:
3585:Ryan, Tim (November 15, 2017).
3551:Liptak, Adam (March 30, 2009).
3430:Ryan, Tim (November 15, 2017).
3237:Liptak, Adam (March 30, 2009).
2913:. Center for Individual Freedom
2624:Webb, Paul D. (June 19, 2017).
2223:. JD Journal. December 12, 2011
2177:Yellen, David (December 2012).
1684:Neil, Martha (April 22, 2010).
1323:Attorney at law (United States)
904:Presidential signing statements
750:, 1915–1983), now also online.
373:. The ABA denied admittance to
27:American association of lawyers
4247:Legal organizations in Chicago
1261:American Bar Association Medal
1231:2019–2020: Judy Perry Martinez
1178:2008–2009: H. Thomas Wells Jr.
1163:(first foreign-born president)
754:Sections, divisions and forums
1:
4262:School accreditors in Chicago
2765:Congress & the Presidency
1944:Paul, Deanna (May 20, 2022).
1313:American Constitution Society
1237:2021–2022: Reginald M. Turner
820:National Property Law Digests
771:Probate and Property Magazine
4025:U.S. Department of Education
3873:"Wm. T. (Bill) Robinson III"
3292:Political Research Quarterly
2747:U.S. News & World Report
2574:The American Bar Association
2087:Penn, Mark (March 2, 2009).
1428:Coe, Aebra (July 24, 2018).
1353:Law School Admission Council
1240:2022–2023: Deborah Enix-Ross
1234:2020–2021: Patricia Lee Refo
1203:2013–2014: James R. Silkenat
1022:Political Research Quarterly
537:United States Virgin Islands
275:Law School Admission Council
2976:. July 1996. Archived from
936:Rating of judicial nominees
602:A non-profit organization,
233:Doctor of Juridical Science
4293:
4136:Higher Learning Commission
3483:53, no. 1 (2003): 103–56.
3481:Journal of Legal Education
2832:. American Bar Association
2603:Pennsylvania Bar Institute
1138:
892:
817:
733:
634:Continuing legal education
343:Saratoga Springs, New York
259:Continuing legal education
36:
29:
4242:American bar associations
4031:
3792:The Law for Lawyers Today
2777:10.1080/07343460903173414
2749:141.5 (7 Aug. 2006): 30.
1774:search.credoreference.com
1476:. Routledge. p. 54.
1249:2024–2025: William R. Bay
800:Washington College of Law
795:Administrative Law Review
412:House is not in session.
407:Leadership and governance
115:Executive director &
51:
4237:American Bar Association
4066:American Bar Association
3966:American Bar Association
3304:10.1177/1065912911421011
2751:Academic Search Premier.
1899:American Bar Association
1654:"Dues & Eligibility"
1633:American Bar Association
1626:"REVISED 109 RESOLUTION"
1095:National Bar Association
805:The International Lawyer
719:Practising Law Institute
529:Northern Mariana Islands
290:Practising Law Institute
285:American Bar Association
142:American Bar Association
47:American Bar Association
30:Not to be confused with
2939:The Wall Street Journal
2630:The National Law Review
2112:The Wall Street Journal
2093:The Wall Street Journal
2018:www.grassley.senate.gov
1951:The Wall Street Journal
1919:The Wall Street Journal
1839:www.princetonreview.com
1348:Law practice management
1225:2017–2018: Hilarie Bass
866:Policies on LGBT people
604:Law School Transparency
541:State Bar of California
425:chief operating officer
66:; 146 years ago
32:American Bar Foundation
3766:Legal Ethics in Motion
2204:"New ABA Standard 509"
1358:National Lawyers Guild
1228:2018–2019: Bob Carlson
1052:judicial temperament.
783:Comparative Law Bureau
746:(since 1984, formerly
713:
527:and four territories (
371:National Lawyers Guild
352:
338:
93:321 North Clark Street
3080:news.bloomberglaw.com
3000:"John Lott's website"
1642:on December 21, 2017.
1135:Recent ABA presidents
1014:Ketanji Brown Jackson
968:'s judicial nominees
818:Further information:
761:Law Practice Magazine
707:
364:Mary Florence Lathrop
336:
3968:at Wikimedia Commons
3940:"ABA Annual Meeting"
3853:on September 3, 2009
3410:The Washington Times
3385:The Washington Times
3105:The Washington Times
3074:Gregory, Patrick L.
3049:The Washington Times
3004:Johnrlott.tripod.com
2850:Epstein, Lee et al.
2713:on October 11, 2012.
2068:on February 25, 2012
1895:"ABA Membership FAQ"
1881:ABA for Law Students
1860:Supreme Court Rule 7
1281:United States portal
1077:Racism and diversity
974:Frank H. Easterbrook
900:sentencing system."
895:Mandatory sentencing
813:Dedman School of Law
666:improve this section
525:District of Columbia
254:Admission to the bar
64:August 21, 1878
3883:on January 21, 2013
3531:www.nationalbar.org
3506:www.americanbar.org
3339:poseidon01.ssrn.com
3277:poseidon01.ssrn.com
2542:poseidon01.ssrn.com
1798:. October 12, 2021.
1768:Han, L. C. (2017).
1752:www.americanbar.org
1734:www.americanbar.org
1093:lawyers formed the
994:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
386:Roberta Cooper Ramo
360:Mary Belle Grossman
241:Exams and licensure
48:
4257:School accreditors
4023:recognized by the
3740:biglawbusiness.com
3714:biglawbusiness.com
3557:The New York Times
3243:The New York Times
3183:Journal, A. B. A.
3006:. January 25, 2006
2974:Federalist Society
2753:Web. 29 Dec. 2011.
2683:on August 21, 2014
2632:. Jaffe Associates
2523:. August 21, 2014.
2415:Voice of San Diego
2390:The Faculty Lounge
2366:. January 24, 2019
2333:Journal, A. B. A.
2242:Journal, A. B. A.
2151:Journal, A. B. A.
1614:. August 16, 2016.
1596:on August 1, 2014.
1573:The New York Times
1524:The New York Times
1459:biglawbusiness.com
1410:2007-10-27 at the
1338:Federalist Society
1208:William C. Hubbard
1155:Robert J. Grey Jr.
1119:Federalist Society
986:John G. Roberts Jr
958:Federalist Society
918:signing statements
872:sexual orientation
714:
579:or an alternative
561:accrediting agency
380:The ABA appointed
339:
4224:
4223:
3964:Media related to
3843:"Stephen N. Zack"
3813:"Carolyn B. Lamm"
2807:. August 10, 2010
2731:. June 24, 2004.
2707:Third Branch News
1983:. March 31, 2011.
1571:David Margolick,
1540:. April 11, 1943.
1199:Laurel G. Bellows
1174:William H. Neukom
1115:same-sex marriage
1061:Senator Ben Sasse
1049:George H. W. Bush
1038:perform better."
1010:Amy Coney Barrett
924:Same sex marriage
702:
701:
694:
523:, along with the
508:
507:
500:
375:Francis E. Rivers
362:of Cleveland and
326:
325:
138:
137:
16:(Redirected from
4284:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3991:
3985:Internet Archive
3977:
3976:
3974:Official website
3963:
3948:
3947:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3917:
3911:
3910:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3869:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3849:. Archived from
3839:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3823:on July 21, 2010
3819:. Archived from
3809:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3783:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3757:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3679:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3665:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3604:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3582:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3537:
3523:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3498:
3492:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3452:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3377:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3341:. Rochester, NY.
3330:
3324:
3323:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3257:
3234:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3220:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3171:
3169:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3132:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3071:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
2996:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2980:on July 10, 2001
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2906:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2895:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2864:
2855:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2831:
2827:"Resolution 111"
2823:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2760:
2754:
2743:
2737:
2736:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2679:. Archived from
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2600:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2571:
2563:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2539:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2521:Associations Now
2513:
2500:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2445:
2439:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2364:www.usatoday.com
2356:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2330:
2321:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2302:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2186:The Bar Examiner
2183:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2064:. Archived from
2058:"Layoff Tracker"
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2020:. July 11, 2011.
2010:
2004:
2003:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1873:
1867:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1710:on July 23, 2013
1700:
1694:
1693:
1681:
1675:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1635:. Archived from
1630:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1612:Seattletimes.com
1604:
1598:
1597:
1592:. Archived from
1582:
1576:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1526:. April 9, 1943.
1516:
1510:
1509:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1450:
1441:
1440:
1434:
1425:
1419:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1384:
1297:
1292:
1291:
1283:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1263:, is announced.
1161:Michael S. Greco
1148:Dennis W. Archer
1101:Policy positions
1091:African-American
1087:William H. Lewis
1057:Senator Ted Cruz
910:Michael S. Greco
710:Rappaport Center
697:
690:
686:
683:
677:
646:
638:
503:
496:
492:
489:
483:
448:
440:
318:
311:
304:
195:
181:
177:Washington, D.C.
134:
99:, Illinois, U.S.
74:
72:
67:
56:
49:
21:
4292:
4291:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4281:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4027:
4018:
3972:
3971:
3956:
3951:
3944:Americanbar.org
3938:
3937:
3933:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3901:
3900:
3896:
3886:
3884:
3871:
3870:
3866:
3856:
3854:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3826:
3824:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3796:
3794:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3770:
3768:
3759:
3758:
3754:
3744:
3742:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3718:
3716:
3707:
3706:
3702:
3692:
3690:
3681:
3680:
3673:
3663:
3661:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3638:
3636:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3617:
3615:
3606:
3605:
3601:
3591:
3589:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3569:
3567:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3535:
3533:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3510:
3508:
3500:
3499:
3495:
3478:
3474:
3464:
3462:
3454:
3453:
3446:
3436:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3414:
3412:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3389:
3387:
3379:
3378:
3371:
3361:
3359:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3255:
3253:
3236:
3235:
3228:
3218:
3216:
3214:AmericanBar.org
3208:
3207:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3167:
3165:
3163:AmericanBar.org
3157:
3156:
3152:
3145:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3109:
3107:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3084:
3082:
3073:
3072:
3063:
3053:
3051:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3031:Washington Post
3024:
3023:
3019:
3009:
3007:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2983:
2981:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2931:
2930:
2926:
2916:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2893:
2891:
2883:
2882:
2878:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2858:
2849:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2810:
2808:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2744:
2740:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2686:
2684:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2660:
2658:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2579:
2577:
2569:
2565:
2564:
2557:
2547:
2545:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2515:
2514:
2503:
2498:
2494:
2484:
2482:
2481:. June 23, 2006
2473:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2456:
2455:. June 27, 1995
2447:
2446:
2442:
2437:text of decree.
2434:
2430:
2420:
2418:
2417:. June 11, 2019
2409:
2408:
2404:
2394:
2392:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2369:
2367:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2341:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2314:
2312:
2304:
2303:
2296:
2288:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2271:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2252:
2250:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2206:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2181:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2161:
2159:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2071:
2069:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2012:
2011:
2007:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1928:
1926:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1857:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1818:
1816:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1779:
1777:
1767:
1766:
1759:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1713:
1711:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1669:
1665:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1639:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1567:
1563:
1556:BostonGlobe.com
1550:
1549:
1545:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1484:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1412:Wayback Machine
1403:
1399:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1328:Bar Association
1293:
1286:
1279:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1256:
1189:Stephen N. Zack
1183:Carolyn B. Lamm
1168:Karen J. Mathis
1143:
1137:
1103:
1079:
1070:
1044:
1006:Brett Kavanaugh
938:
926:
906:
897:
891:
868:
863:
847:general counsel
827:
822:
787:comparative law
778:Annual Bulletin
766:GPSolo Magazine
738:
727:
698:
687:
681:
678:
663:
647:
636:
620:
596:
553:
504:
493:
487:
484:
469:
449:
438:
409:
382:Jill Wine-Banks
331:
322:
153:bar association
132:americanbar.org
130:
119:
106:
95:
83:Bar association
70:
68:
65:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4290:
4288:
4280:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4229:
4228:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4009:
4002:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3978:
3969:
3955:
3954:External links
3952:
3950:
3949:
3931:
3912:
3894:
3864:
3834:
3804:
3778:
3752:
3726:
3700:
3671:
3646:
3625:
3599:
3577:
3543:
3518:
3502:"ABA Timeline"
3493:
3472:
3444:
3422:
3397:
3369:
3344:
3325:
3298:(4): 827–840.
3282:
3263:
3226:
3201:
3175:
3150:
3143:
3117:
3092:
3061:
3036:
3017:
2991:
2957:
2924:
2901:
2876:
2856:
2843:
2818:
2790:
2771:(3): 244–271.
2755:
2738:
2716:
2694:
2668:
2643:
2616:
2605:. January 2018
2587:
2576:. January 2017
2555:
2526:
2501:
2492:
2466:
2440:
2428:
2402:
2377:
2351:
2322:
2294:
2277:
2260:
2234:
2212:
2195:
2169:
2143:
2132:. June 3, 2008
2117:
2098:
2079:
2049:
2023:
2005:
1986:
1968:
1936:
1904:
1886:
1868:
1851:
1826:
1801:
1787:
1776:(2nd ed.)
1757:
1739:
1721:
1695:
1676:
1663:
1645:
1617:
1599:
1577:
1561:
1543:
1529:
1511:
1489:
1482:
1464:
1442:
1420:
1397:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1284:
1268:
1265:
1255:
1254:Annual meeting
1252:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1217:
1214:Paulette Brown
1210:
1204:
1201:
1195:
1192:
1185:
1179:
1176:
1170:
1164:
1157:
1151:
1139:Main article:
1136:
1133:
1102:
1099:
1078:
1075:
1069:
1066:
1043:
1040:
1036:Well Qualified
970:Richard Posner
937:
934:
925:
922:
914:George W. Bush
905:
902:
890:
887:
867:
864:
862:
859:
826:
823:
756:
755:
734:Main article:
732:
731:
726:
723:
700:
699:
650:
648:
641:
635:
632:
628:consent decree
619:
616:
595:
592:
552:
549:
506:
505:
452:
450:
443:
437:
434:
429:Alpha M. Brady
408:
405:
330:
327:
324:
323:
321:
320:
313:
306:
298:
295:
294:
293:
292:
287:
282:
277:
269:
268:
264:
263:
262:
261:
256:
251:
243:
242:
238:
237:
236:
235:
230:
228:Master of Laws
225:
220:
215:
210:
202:
201:
197:
196:
188:
187:
136:
135:
128:
124:
123:
122:Alpha M. Brady
120:
114:
111:
110:
109:William R. Bay
107:
104:
101:
100:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
62:
58:
57:
39:Ankerwycke Yew
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4289:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4234:
4232:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4026:
4022:
4015:
4010:
4008:
4003:
4001:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3975:
3970:
3967:
3962:
3958:
3957:
3953:
3945:
3941:
3935:
3932:
3927:
3923:
3916:
3913:
3908:
3904:
3898:
3895:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3868:
3865:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3808:
3805:
3793:
3789:
3782:
3779:
3767:
3763:
3756:
3753:
3741:
3737:
3734:Bay, Monica.
3730:
3727:
3715:
3711:
3708:Cohen, Mark.
3704:
3701:
3689:
3685:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3660:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3635:
3629:
3626:
3614:
3610:
3603:
3600:
3588:
3581:
3578:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3554:
3547:
3544:
3532:
3528:
3522:
3519:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3473:
3461:
3457:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3433:
3426:
3423:
3411:
3407:
3401:
3398:
3386:
3382:
3376:
3374:
3370:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3345:
3340:
3336:
3329:
3326:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3286:
3283:
3278:
3274:
3267:
3264:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3233:
3231:
3227:
3215:
3211:
3205:
3202:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3176:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3151:
3146:
3144:9780815704881
3140:
3136:
3131:
3130:
3121:
3118:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3081:
3077:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3050:
3046:
3040:
3037:
3032:
3028:
3021:
3018:
3005:
3001:
2995:
2992:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2958:
2945:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2928:
2925:
2912:
2905:
2902:
2894:September 16,
2890:
2886:
2880:
2877:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2828:
2822:
2819:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2794:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2720:
2717:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2695:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2631:
2627:
2620:
2617:
2604:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2575:
2568:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2543:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2416:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2365:
2361:
2355:
2352:
2340:
2336:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2287:
2281:
2278:
2270:
2264:
2261:
2249:
2245:
2238:
2235:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2170:
2158:
2154:
2147:
2144:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2113:
2109:
2102:
2099:
2094:
2090:
2083:
2080:
2067:
2063:
2062:Lawshucks.com
2059:
2053:
2050:
2038:
2034:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1957:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1940:
1937:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1908:
1905:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1866:(California).
1865:
1862:(Tennessee),
1861:
1855:
1852:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1815:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1775:
1771:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1709:
1705:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1687:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1638:
1634:
1627:
1621:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1483:9781134035458
1479:
1475:
1468:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1401:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1285:
1282:
1271:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1253:
1248:
1246:
1245:Mary L. Smith
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1076:
1074:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1050:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
981:
979:
975:
971:
967:
966:Ronald Reagan
963:
959:
954:
950:
946:
942:
935:
933:
931:
923:
921:
919:
915:
911:
903:
901:
896:
888:
886:
882:
880:
875:
873:
865:
860:
858:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
834:
830:
824:
821:
816:
814:
811:
807:
806:
801:
797:
796:
790:
788:
784:
780:
779:
773:
772:
767:
763:
762:
753:
752:
751:
749:
745:
744:
737:
729:
728:
724:
722:
720:
711:
706:
696:
693:
685:
675:
671:
667:
661:
660:
656:
651:This section
649:
645:
640:
639:
633:
631:
629:
625:
617:
615:
611:
607:
605:
600:
593:
591:
589:
586:
582:
578:
572:
569:
565:
562:
558:
550:
548:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
502:
499:
491:
481:
477:
473:
467:
463:
459:
458:
453:This section
451:
447:
442:
441:
435:
433:
430:
426:
422:
421:Jack L. Rives
417:
413:
406:
404:
400:
398:
394:
389:
387:
383:
378:
376:
372:
367:
365:
361:
356:
351:
346:
344:
335:
328:
319:
314:
312:
307:
305:
300:
299:
297:
296:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
272:
271:
270:
267:Organizations
265:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
246:
245:
244:
239:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
205:
204:
203:
198:
194:
190:
189:
186:
182:
179:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
151:
147:
143:
133:
129:
125:
121:
118:
112:
108:
102:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
63:
59:
55:
50:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3943:
3934:
3925:
3915:
3906:
3897:
3887:February 19,
3885:. Retrieved
3881:the original
3876:
3867:
3857:February 19,
3855:. Retrieved
3851:the original
3846:
3837:
3827:February 19,
3825:. Retrieved
3821:the original
3816:
3807:
3795:. Retrieved
3791:
3781:
3769:. Retrieved
3765:
3755:
3743:. Retrieved
3739:
3729:
3717:. Retrieved
3713:
3703:
3691:. Retrieved
3687:
3662:. Retrieved
3658:
3649:
3637:. Retrieved
3628:
3616:. Retrieved
3612:
3602:
3590:. Retrieved
3580:
3568:. Retrieved
3556:
3546:
3534:. Retrieved
3530:
3521:
3509:. Retrieved
3505:
3496:
3480:
3475:
3463:. Retrieved
3459:
3435:. Retrieved
3425:
3413:. Retrieved
3400:
3388:. Retrieved
3360:. Retrieved
3356:
3347:
3338:
3328:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3276:
3266:
3254:. Retrieved
3242:
3217:. Retrieved
3213:
3204:
3192:. Retrieved
3188:
3178:
3166:. Retrieved
3162:
3153:
3128:
3120:
3108:. Retrieved
3095:
3083:. Retrieved
3079:
3052:. Retrieved
3039:
3030:
3020:
3010:February 19,
3008:. Retrieved
3003:
2994:
2982:. Retrieved
2978:the original
2969:
2960:
2948:. Retrieved
2937:
2927:
2915:. Retrieved
2904:
2892:. Retrieved
2888:
2879:
2851:
2846:
2834:. Retrieved
2821:
2809:. Retrieved
2802:
2793:
2768:
2764:
2758:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2728:
2719:
2711:the original
2706:
2697:
2685:. Retrieved
2681:the original
2671:
2659:. Retrieved
2655:
2646:
2634:. Retrieved
2629:
2619:
2607:. Retrieved
2602:
2590:
2578:. Retrieved
2573:
2548:December 18,
2546:. Retrieved
2541:
2529:
2520:
2495:
2485:February 19,
2483:. Retrieved
2478:
2469:
2459:February 19,
2457:. Retrieved
2452:
2443:
2431:
2419:. Retrieved
2414:
2405:
2393:. Retrieved
2389:
2380:
2368:. Retrieved
2363:
2354:
2342:. Retrieved
2338:
2313:. Retrieved
2309:
2280:
2263:
2251:. Retrieved
2247:
2237:
2227:February 19,
2225:. Retrieved
2215:
2198:
2189:
2185:
2172:
2160:. Retrieved
2156:
2146:
2136:February 19,
2134:. Retrieved
2129:
2120:
2111:
2101:
2092:
2082:
2072:February 19,
2070:. Retrieved
2066:the original
2061:
2052:
2042:February 19,
2040:. Retrieved
2036:
2026:
2017:
2008:
1999:
1989:
1980:
1971:
1961:November 18,
1959:. Retrieved
1949:
1939:
1929:November 18,
1927:. Retrieved
1917:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1854:
1842:. Retrieved
1838:
1829:
1817:. Retrieved
1813:
1804:
1790:
1778:. Retrieved
1773:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1712:. Retrieved
1708:the original
1698:
1689:
1679:
1671:
1666:
1657:
1648:
1637:the original
1632:
1620:
1611:
1602:
1594:the original
1589:
1580:
1564:
1555:
1546:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1501:
1492:
1473:
1467:
1458:
1436:
1423:
1415:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1343:Law practice
1257:
1130:
1125:
1124:Writing for
1123:
1104:
1080:
1071:
1054:
1045:
1035:
1021:
1018:
1002:Neil Gorsuch
990:Samuel Alito
982:
978:Bill Clinton
960:) to have a
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
927:
907:
898:
883:
876:
869:
835:
831:
828:
803:
793:
791:
785:, the first
776:
769:
759:
757:
747:
741:
739:
725:Publications
715:
688:
679:
664:Please help
652:
621:
612:
608:
601:
597:
588:standardized
573:
570:
566:
554:
509:
494:
485:
470:Please help
454:
418:
414:
410:
401:
390:
379:
368:
357:
353:
348:
340:
284:
223:Juris Doctor
218:Legal clinic
165:headquarters
145:
141:
139:
89:Headquarters
43:
3664:January 19,
3659:Fed-soc.org
3357:Ballotpedia
3189:ABA Journal
3168:January 19,
2804:ABA Journal
2661:October 23,
2609:October 23,
2580:January 19,
2339:ABA Journal
2248:ABA Journal
2157:ABA Journal
2130:ABA Journal
2000:ABA Journal
1877:"Why Join?"
1858:See, e.g.,
1814:ABA website
1690:ABA Journal
1405:ABA History
1243:2023–2024:
1221:Linda Klein
1219:2016–2017:
1212:2015–2016:
1206:2014–2015:
1197:2012–2013:
1187:2010-2011:
1181:2009–2010:
1172:2007–2008:
1166:2006–2007:
1159:2005–2006:
1153:2004–2005:
1146:2003–2004:
1111:gun control
1085:. In 1911,
998:Elena Kagan
988:., Justice
916:'s use of "
851:Fortune 500
839:Law schools
825:Commissions
743:ABA Journal
736:ABA Journal
730:Association
624:Sherman Act
488:August 2023
366:of Denver.
161:law schools
4231:Categories
3907:Abanow.org
3903:"ABA News"
3877:Abanow.org
3847:Abanet.org
3817:Abanet.org
2984:August 20,
2950:August 21,
2917:August 20,
2889:Law360.com
2836:August 16,
2811:August 16,
2687:August 22,
1375:References
1295:Law portal
1068:Criticisms
1031:Republican
1026:Democratic
1000:, Justice
996:, Justice
992:, Justice
893:See also:
712:roundtable
535:, and the
472:improve it
462:verifiable
213:Law school
71:1878-08-21
3613:USA TODAY
3565:0362-4331
3527:"History"
3460:USA TODAY
3320:158697163
3251:0362-4331
2970:ABA Watch
2785:154741337
2479:Usdoj.gov
2453:Usdoj.gov
2310:azcentral
1956:News Corp
1924:News Corp
1498:"History"
1333:Bar (law)
843:law firms
682:June 2019
653:does not
476:citations
419:In 2010,
150:voluntary
105:President
3797:July 20,
3771:July 20,
3745:July 20,
3719:July 20,
3693:July 20,
3639:June 29,
3618:June 24,
3592:June 24,
3570:June 24,
3536:June 24,
3511:July 23,
3489:42893789
3465:June 25,
3437:June 25,
3415:June 25,
3390:June 25,
3362:June 25,
3312:41759317
3256:June 14,
3194:June 14,
3110:June 14,
3085:June 14,
3054:June 14,
2944:Archived
2733:Archived
2421:June 13,
1981:LST Blog
1819:April 1,
1780:July 22,
1714:March 8,
1506:Archived
1408:Archived
1267:See also
1107:abortion
855:research
585:reliable
427:(COO).
173:Illinois
3983:on the
3219:June 3,
3137:, 331.
2873:. 2017.
2636:July 9,
2395:May 24,
2370:May 23,
2344:May 23,
2315:May 23,
2253:May 23,
2192:: 6–13.
2162:May 23,
2037:Law.com
1844:May 23,
1363:Solosez
962:liberal
781:of the
674:removed
659:sources
466:neutral
329:History
208:Pre-law
169:Chicago
167:are in
157:lawyers
148:) is a
127:Website
97:Chicago
69: (
61:Founded
3688:Forbes
3563:
3487:
3318:
3310:
3249:
3141:
2783:
2544:. 2018
1480:
1437:Law360
1126:Forbes
1113:, and
1083:racism
1012:, and
802:) and
521:states
397:racist
393:sexist
200:Stages
3485:JSTOR
3316:S2CID
3308:JSTOR
2871:(PDF)
2830:(PDF)
2781:S2CID
2729:NORML
2599:(PDF)
2570:(PDF)
2538:(PDF)
2289:(PDF)
2272:(PDF)
2207:(PDF)
2182:(PDF)
1640:(PDF)
1629:(PDF)
1433:(PDF)
581:valid
3889:2012
3859:2012
3829:2012
3799:2019
3773:2019
3747:2019
3721:2019
3695:2019
3666:2018
3641:2022
3620:2019
3594:2019
3572:2019
3561:ISSN
3538:2019
3513:2023
3467:2019
3439:2019
3417:2019
3392:2019
3364:2019
3258:2019
3247:ISSN
3221:2024
3196:2019
3170:2018
3139:ISBN
3112:2019
3087:2019
3056:2019
3012:2012
2986:2006
2952:2006
2919:2006
2896:2016
2838:2012
2813:2012
2689:2014
2663:2023
2638:2017
2611:2023
2582:2018
2550:2018
2487:2012
2461:2012
2423:2019
2397:2019
2372:2019
2346:2019
2317:2019
2255:2019
2229:2012
2164:2019
2138:2012
2074:2012
2044:2012
1963:2022
1931:2022
1846:2019
1821:2011
1782:2023
1716:2017
1478:ISBN
972:and
879:LGBT
657:any
655:cite
583:and
577:LSAT
555:The
533:Guam
464:and
249:LSAT
140:The
79:Type
3926:ABA
3300:doi
3135:321
2773:doi
1658:ABA
1392:ABA
849:in
810:SMU
668:by
543:'s
478:to
155:of
146:ABA
117:COO
4233::
3942:.
3924:.
3905:.
3875:.
3845:.
3815:.
3790:.
3764:.
3738:.
3712:.
3686:.
3674:^
3657:.
3611:.
3559:.
3555:.
3529:.
3504:.
3458:.
3447:^
3408:.
3383:.
3372:^
3355:.
3337:.
3314:.
3306:.
3296:65
3294:.
3275:.
3245:.
3241:.
3229:^
3212:.
3187:.
3161:.
3103:.
3078:.
3064:^
3047:.
3029:.
3002:.
2972:.
2968:.
2942:.
2936:.
2887:.
2859:^
2801:.
2779:.
2769:36
2767:.
2727:.
2705:.
2654:.
2628:.
2601:.
2572:.
2558:^
2540:.
2519:.
2504:^
2477:.
2451:.
2413:.
2388:.
2362:.
2337:.
2325:^
2308:.
2297:^
2246:.
2190:81
2188:.
2184:.
2155:.
2128:.
2110:.
2091:.
2060:.
2035:.
2016:.
1998:.
1979:.
1954:.
1948:.
1922:.
1916:.
1897:.
1879:.
1837:.
1812:.
1772:.
1760:^
1750:.
1732:.
1688:.
1656:.
1631:.
1610:.
1588:.
1554:.
1522:.
1504:.
1500:.
1457:.
1445:^
1435:.
1390:.
1109:,
1008:,
1004:,
531:,
395:,
171:,
4013:e
4006:t
3999:v
3946:.
3928:.
3909:.
3891:.
3861:.
3831:.
3801:.
3775:.
3749:.
3723:.
3697:.
3668:.
3643:.
3622:.
3596:.
3574:.
3540:.
3515:.
3491:.
3469:.
3441:.
3419:.
3394:.
3366:.
3322:.
3302::
3279:.
3260:.
3223:.
3198:.
3172:.
3147:.
3114:.
3089:.
3058:.
3033:.
3014:.
2988:.
2954:.
2921:.
2898:.
2840:.
2815:.
2787:.
2775::
2691:.
2665:.
2640:.
2613:.
2584:.
2552:.
2489:.
2463:.
2425:.
2399:.
2374:.
2348:.
2319:.
2291:.
2274:.
2257:.
2231:.
2209:.
2166:.
2140:.
2114:.
2095:.
2076:.
2046:.
2002:.
1965:.
1933:.
1901:.
1883:.
1848:.
1823:.
1784:.
1754:.
1736:.
1718:.
1692:.
1660:.
1558:.
1486:.
1461:.
1439:.
1394:.
695:)
689:(
684:)
680:(
676:.
662:.
501:)
495:(
490:)
486:(
482:.
468:.
317:e
310:t
303:v
144:(
73:)
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
