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199:, France. He was succeeded in the management of the factory by his son Roger. In 1972 the factory, run by Roger Remond, produced the last Stanhope lens made by the traditional methods. In 1998, after Roger's death, the workshop was closed and its equipment dismantled and sold. Stanhope lenses are still manufactured to this day, but they are not produced according to Dagron's methodology.
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process and a microscope converted to a camera. This resulted in a microphotograph about 3 square millimetres (0.0047 sq in) in area. The main disadvantage of Dancer's method was that the viewing of the microphotographs required a microscope which was at the time an expensive instrument.
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The sectioned lens could magnify the microphotograph three hundred times, so that the viewing of the microphotographs no longer required a bulky and expensive microscope. The modified
Stanhope lens was small enough to be mounted in all manner of miniature artifacts such as rings, ivory miniatures,
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stanhopes, mounted in jewellery and souvenirs. In August 1859 he exhibited them at the
International Exhibition in Paris where they met with great success. In 1862 he had 150 employees and was manufacturing 12,000 units a day. In 1860 Dagron obtained the patent for his viewers under the title
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Dagron's efforts met with great success. The viewers were first introduced to the general public at the 1859 International Fair in Paris. The success of his viewers enabled Dagron to purpose-build a factory dedicated to their production. As of June 1859, Dagron's factory was manufacturing the
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wooden toys etc. Dagron also designed a special microphotographic camera which could produce 450 exposures approximately 2 by 2 millimetres (0.079 in Ă— 0.079 in) on a 4.5-by-8.5-centimetre (1.8 in Ă— 3.3 in) wet collodion plate.
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In 1864 Dagron became famous when he produced a stanhope optical viewer which enabled the viewing of a microphotograph 1 square millimetre (0.0016 sq in), (equivalent in size to the head of a pin), that included the portraits of 450 people.
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solved the problem by inventing a method of mounting the microphotographs at the end of a small cylindrical lens. Dagron modified the
Stanhope lens by sectioning the normally
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A history and handbook of photography (1877) Author: Tissandier, Gaston, 1843-1899 Subject: Photography; Photography
Publisher: New York : Scoville Manufacturing
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in 1857. Dagron bypassed the need for an expensive microscope to view the microscopic photographs by attaching the microphotograph at the end of a modified
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Author Julien Lefèvre
Publisher J.-B. Baillière et fils, 1888 Original from the University of Michigan Digitized Jan 13, 2009 381 pages p. 339
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In modern times, the most common
Stanhopes are usually gold or silver crosses with Christian prayers in the microphotograph.
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lens, where Dagron was able to mount the microscopic photograph on the flat side of the lens using
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Stanhopes: A Closer View--A History & Handbook For
Collectors Of Microphotographic Novelties
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In the early twentieth century Eugène
Reymond took control of Dagron's Stanhope lens factory in
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Stanhope lens and introducing a planar section so that the plane was located at the
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Stanhope ball. The viewing lens cylinder is located at the smaller diameter opening
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La photographie et ses applications aux sciences, aux arts et Ă l'industrie
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as adhesive. This arrangement enabled the picture to be focused.
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Cylindres photo-microscopiques, montés et non montés sur bijoux
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Cylindres photo-microscopiques, montés et non montés sur bijoux
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Photo-microscopic cylinders, mounted and unmounted on jewelry
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The
Stanhope optical viewers were mounted inside the bows of
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of the convex side of the cylindrical lens. This produced a
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171:. That same year, Dagron displayed the devices at the
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Biographical dictionary of the history of technology
43:without using a microscope. They were invented by
27:, Germany with the photographs contained inside it
39:is an optical device that enables the viewing of
436:Chronology of Microfilm Developments 1800 – 1900
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372:Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-century Photography
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375:By John Hannavy Publisher CRC Press, 2008
272:The Strad Magazine October 2005 pp. 51-54
277:2009-10-09 at the Portuguese Web Archive
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396:. Witham, United Kingdom: Greenlight.
242:By Michael R. Peres Focal Press, 2007
164:marketing techniques for his viewers.
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167:In 1862 Dagron published his book
92:invented microphotographs using a
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239:Focal encyclopedia of photography
23:A stanhope featuring the city of
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173:1862 International Exhibition
53:bijoux photo-microscopiques
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158:Bijoux Photomicroscopiques
345:By Lance Day, Ian McNeil
191:Twentieth century onwards
76:Invention and development
57:microscopic photo-jewelry
473:Stanhope (optical bijou)
290:The Photographic Journal
160:. Dagron also developed
151:Mass production and fame
51:. He called the devices
133:Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume
131:by French violin maker
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551:Photography equipment
475:at Knowledge (XXG)'s
417:Dagron, René (1862).
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392:Scott, Jean (2002).
320:George Eastman House
90:John Benjamin Dancer
463:Who made stanhopes
425:] (in French).
325:2009-03-15 at the
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16:Optical instrument
381:978-0-415-97235-2
359:978-0-415-06042-4
248:978-0-240-80740-9
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110:focal length
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495:Definitions
102:René Dagron
45:René Dagron
546:Microscopy
541:Magnifiers
531:French art
525:Categories
206:References
162:mail order
145:Stradivari
536:Jewellery
438:from UCLA
94:collodion
323:Archived
275:Archived
137:Paganini
106:biconvex
100:In 1857
88:In 1851
33:stanhope
129:violins
63:History
25:Ilmenau
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361:p. 187
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177:London
143:, and
141:Tourte
512:Media
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398:ISBN
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197:Gex
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