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455:. On 6 May 1943 the "Skalski Circus" fought its last battle. The unit was disbanded after the conclusion of the North African campaign. During its two months on operations, the Polish pilots had claimed a total of 26 German and Italian aircraft shot down. Skalski scored four aircraft, and Pilot Officer
278:
He returned to Poland after the war but was imprisoned by the communist authorities under the pretext that he was a spy for Great
Britain. While in arrest he was tortured and then, in a show trial, sentenced to death on 7 April 1950. Skalski refused to ask for clemency but after his mother's
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of the 142 Squadron, led by Major
Lesnievski, intercepted two formations of Dornier Do 217 on River Vistula. Attacking head on, the Polish pilots managed to shoot down seven twin-engined bombers, two of them credited to Skalski. By 16 September Skalski reached
380:
287:" and subsequent liberalization and end of Stalinist terror, he was rehabilitated and rejoined the Polish armed forces. In 1972 he was moved to inactive service and in 1988, on the cusp of fall of communism in Poland he was promoted to the rank of
451:. On 28 March the PFT engaged in combat for the first time. The flight, led by Skalski, encountered a group of Ju88s and destroyed two of them. Skalski became the first Pole to command a British squadron when he was given command of
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907:
According to some sources, he shot down a He 111 bomber and two Bf 109s in that flight, but there is no firm evidence, these victories were not acknowledged officially, and several other pilots also claimed these Bf
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355:, two Hs 126s and one Hs 126 shared (official list credits him with four aircraft: two Do 17s, one Hs 126, one Ju 87 and one Hs 126 shared). Soon after he fled the country with other Polish pilots to
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in Poland, in 1956 he was released, rehabilitated, and allowed to join the military. He served at various posts in the
Headquarters of the Polish Air Force. He wrote memoires of the 1939 campaign
541:. In 1948 however he was arrested under the false charge of espionage. In 1950, he was sentenced to death, he spent three years awaiting the execution, after which his sentence was changed to
435:(PFT), or so called "Cyrk Skalskiego" (Skalski's Circus) – a special flight consisting of fifteen experienced Polish fighter pilot volunteers. The Poles arrived at Bu Grara airfield, west of
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399:. On 5 September Skalski himself was shot down. Skalski bailed out with severe burns, and was hospitalized for six weeks. He returned to his unit in late October 1940. During the
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323:. After completing Pilot Training in 1938, Skalski was ordered to the 142nd Fighter Squadron in Toruń (142 eskadra "Toruńska"). On 1 September 1939 he attacked a German
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sorties over France. On 15 August 1941 he crashed while landing
Spitfire W3170 after returning from a mission. On 1 March 1942, he became a flight commander in
1069:"Second World War 80 years on: General Stanislaw Skalski, Polish fighter ace who destroyed 22 enemy aircraft and later spent six years under a death sentence"
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331:. Skalski then landed next to it, helped to bandage wounded crew members and arranged for them to be taken to a military hospital. The following day, nine
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283:, his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. He remained in prison until 1956 when a court overturned the previous verdict. After the "
257:. Skalski was the top Polish fighter ace of the war and chronologically the first Allied fighter ace of the war, credited, according to the
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518:. Without firing a single shot, he executed a sudden darting action, which caused the two 109s to collide and crash to the ground.
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Poles in
Defence of Britain: A Day-by-day Chronology of Polish Day and Night Fighter Pilot Operations – July 1940 – June 1941
708:
521:
Skalski left for a tour of duty in the US in
September 1944, returning in February 1945 to a staff position at No. 11 Group.
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In 2015, another biography of
Skalski was published. It was written by Grzegorz Sojda and Grzegorz Śliżewski and was titled
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Note: 306 Dywizjon Myśliwski "Toruński"; the unit insignia was derived from that of
Skalski's original unit, 142 eskadry
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Polskie Siły
Powietrzne w Wielkiej Brytanii w latach 1940-1947 łącznie z Pomocniczą Lotniczą Służbą Kobiet (PLSK-WAAF)
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status, claiming a total of six German aircraft and making him the first Allied air ace of the Second World War.
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for five months. From
November 1942 he was an instructor with No. 58 Operation Training Unit.
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victories and two probable. Some sources, including Skalski himself, give a number of 22
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Polskie Siły Powietrzne w wojnie tom 2: 1943–45 (Polish Air Force in War pt. 2: 1943–45)
1288:
Polskie Siły Powietrzne w wojnie tom 1: 1939–43 (Polish Air Force in War pt. 1: 1939–43)
568:. In 1990 he met with the German pilot whom he had rescued on the first day of the war.
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On 2 November 2015, Vice Secretary of State, Maciej Jankowcki, acting on behalf of the
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987:"Leading Polish fighter "ace" of the Second World War, with 22 victories to his name"
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and on 10 April 1972 he retired. On 15 September 1988 he was promoted to the rank of
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Recipients of the Medal of the 10th Anniversary of the People's Republic of Poland
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931:"Stanisław Skalski - a great Polish pilot serving during the Battle of Britain"
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Note: In this context "ace" means shooting down five or more enemy aircraft.
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395:. From 30 August to 2 September 1940 he shot down a He 111 bomber and three
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Lisiewicz, Mieczyslaw (Translated from the Polish by Ann Maitland-Chuwen).
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1251:"Gen. Stanisław Skalski patronem 22 Bazy Lotnictwa Taktycznego w Malborku"
633:(I Lived Life My Way) which is devoted to the life and legacy of Skalski.
332:
770:
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1339:. Sandomierz, Poland/Redbourn, UK: Mushroom Model Publications, 2007.
1043:"Komuniści chcieli zniszczyć legendę. "Szakal" przeżył ich wszystkich"
816:
Skalski Against all Odds: The First Allied Ace of the Second World War
514:, flying the Mustang Mk III. On 24 June 1944, Skalski was attacked by
494:, the first Pole to command an RAF squadron. He then took part in the
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at al. Wyzwolenia 10. In the same year, Skalski was the subject of a
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1391:(in Polish). Warszawa, Poland, 1957 (New edition: De Facto, 2006).
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The Polish Air Force at War: The Official History, Vol.2 1943–1945
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The Polish Air Force at War: The Official History, Vol.2 1939–1943
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In 2007, Skalski's biography by Katarzyna Ochabska was published.
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In 2005, a commemorative plaque was unveiled at his birth home in
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Skalski died in Warsaw on 12 November 2004. He was buried at the
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Stanisław Skalski after arrest by communist political police 1948
1531:"Generał brygady pilot Stanisław Skalski as polskiego lotnictwa"
537:
After the war Skalski returned to Poland in 1947 and joined the
1481:
The Forgotten Few: The Polish Air Force in The Second World War
1446:
Destiny can wait – The Polish Air Force in the Second World War
241:(27 November 1915 – 12 November 2004) was a Polish aviator and
1606:
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
1469:. Warszawa: Oficyna Wydawnicza Alma-Press. 2014, p. 147–157.
1173:"Generał Pilot Stanisław Skalski - Katarzyna Ochabska. 2007r"
403:, he was credited with four planes shot down and one shared.
1611:
Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Grunwald, 3rd class
1412:. Carrollton, TX: Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc.,1994.
327:
reconnaissance aircraft, which was eventually shot down by
1427:. UK: Polish Air Force Association of Great Britain, 1993.
1121:"105 lat temu urodził się Stanisław Skalski, as lotnictwa"
638:
Generał pilot Stanisław Skalski: portret ze światłocieniem
1225:""Generał pilot Stanisław Skalski" – recenzja książki"
1512:. Warszawa: Oficyna Wydawnicza MH, 2005, p. 187–189.
1014:"The Polish Pilots Who Flew In The Battle Of Britain"
279:
intervention with the president of communist Poland,
1601:
Recipients of the Gold Cross of the Virtuti Militari
1095:"Zmarł bohater "Bitwy o Anglię" - Stanisław Skalski"
1498:. Warszawa: Agencja lotnicza ALTAIR, 1994, p. 8–9.
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819:. Fonthill Media. pp. 59–. GGKEY:A28ADN16W33.
299:Stanisław Skalski was born on 27 November 1915 in
431:In October 1942 Skalski was given command of the
510:. On 4 April 1944 he was appointed commander of
191:Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta
1281:Polskie lotnictwo myśliwskie w boju wrześniowym
808:
806:
363:to France and after went on to fight with the
1621:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
1586:Polish Royal Air Force pilots of World War II
1311:(In Polish). Gdańsk, Poland: AJ-Press, 2002.
1290:(in Polish). Gdańsk, Poland: AJ-Press, 2001.
603:Stanislaw Skalski on the tailfin of a Polish
8:
1283:(in Polish). Gdańsk, Poland: AJ-Press, 2000.
728:Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)
424:Skalski was made Commanding Officer of the
1616:Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland)
1425:Polish Air Force- Chronicle of Main Events
1367:Fighter! The Story of Air Combat 1936-1945
623:(Shackled Angel) by Zbigniew Kowalewski.
31:
20:
1596:Knights of the Order of Polonia Restituta
1510:Lotnicy polscy w Bitwie o Wielką Brytanię
1403:History of the Polish Air Force 1918–1968
1332:. in: "Militaria i Fakty" 2/2005 (Polish)
647:granted the name of Stanisław Skalski to
629:In 2008, Agnieszka Bujas directed a film
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1430:Tadeusz Jerzy Krzystek, Anna Krzystek:
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1631:Prisoners sentenced to death by Poland
1581:Royal Air Force pilots of World War II
1369:. London, Artur Barker Limited. 1979.
831:"The Airmen's Stories - P/O S Skalski"
482:A Mustang flown by Stanisław Skalski,
406:In March 1941 Skalski was assigned to
1455:. Warszawa: Retro-Art, 2009, p. 188.
1434:. Sandomierz: Stratus, 2012, p. 516.
813:Franciszek Grabowski (29 June 2017).
7:
1317:. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Books, 1998.
1296:. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Books, 1998.
187:Golden Cross of the Virtuti Militari
1626:Polish prisoners sentenced to death
502:. From December 1943 to April 1944
492:No. 601 (County of London) Squadron
148:No. 601 (County of London) Squadron
1453:Absolwenci Szkoły Orląt: 1925-1939
459:claimed five confirmed victories.
443:. The PFT took part in actions in
343:Skalski's claims consisted of one
14:
1330:Gen. bryg. pil. Stanisław Skalski
490:Skalski then became commander of
1405:. UK: Osprey Publications, 1972.
1313:(Updated and revised edition of
1292:(Updated and revised edition of
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1571:Polish World War II flying aces
709:Order of the Cross of Grunwald
587:Stanisław Skalski's monument,
439:in March 1943 and attached to
200:Order of the Cross of Grunwald
1:
1566:Polish People's Army generals
1483:. UK: Leo Cooper Ltd., 2004.
1354:. London: Grub Street, 2005.
1257:(in Polish). 27 November 2015
1127:(in Polish). 27 November 2020
1101:(in Polish). 12 November 2004
766:History of Poland (1939–1945)
426:No. 317 (Polish) Squadron RAF
418:No. 316 (Polish) Squadron RAF
408:No. 306 (Polish) Squadron RAF
156:No. 317 (Polish) Squadron RAF
16:Polish fighter ace during WW2
1179:(in Polish). 12 October 2008
1049:(in Polish). 22 October 2023
539:Air Force of the Polish Army
470:(pictured left) and General
961:"General Stanislaw Skalski"
719:Distinguished Service Order
525:Return to Poland and arrest
512:No. 133 Polish Fighter Wing
508:No. 131 Polish Fighter Wing
315:). In 1936, he entered the
204:Distinguished Service Order
144:No. 131 Polish Fighter Wing
140:No. 133 Polish Fighter Wing
1652:
1448:. London: Heinemann, 1949.
1410:Polish Air Force 1939–1945
699:Order of Polonia Restituta
209:Distinguished Flying Cross
1561:People from Baltsky Uyezd
1556:People from Podilsk Raion
573:Powązki Military Cemetery
466:Skalski with Air Marshal
30:
1576:Royal Air Force officers
1389:Czarne krzyże nad Polską
889:(in Polish). 6 July 2021
863:Jackson 1979, pp. 28-29.
689:Cross of Valour (Poland)
558:Czarne krzyże nad Polską
1496:Asy polskiego lotnictwa
1467:Asy polskiego lotnictwa
1335:Grabowski, Franciszek.
1328:Grabowski, Franciszek.
1423:Kornicki, Franciszek.
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457:Eugeniusz Horbaczewski
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1529:Krajewski, Wojciech.
1380:Ochabska, Katarzyna.
1350:Gretzyngier, Robert.
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397:Messerschmitt Bf 109s
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359:, and from there via
295:Early life and career
106:Years of service
1401:Cynk, Jerzy Bogdam.
1387:Skalski, Stanisław.
1307:Cynk, Jerzy Bogdam.
1286:Cynk, Jerzy Bogdam.
1279:Cynk, Jerzy Bogdam.
854:Jackson 1979, p. 27.
472:Kazimierz Sosnkowski
453:No. 601 Squadron RAF
441:No. 145 Squadron RAF
433:Polish Fighting Team
393:No. 501 Squadron RAF
245:who served with the
166:Polish Defensive War
152:Polish Fighting Team
1408:Koniarek, Dr. Jan.
1199:"Żyłem jak chiałem"
883:"Stanisław Skalski"
645:Minister of Defence
420:. On 29 April 1942
305:Podolia Governorate
1075:. 2 September 2019
967:. 23 November 2004
631:Żyłem jak chciałem
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506:Skalski commanded
496:invasion of Sicily
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1508:Józef Zieliński:
1494:Józef Zieliński:
1382:Stanisław Skalski
1365:Jackson, Robert.
1337:Stanisław Skalski
965:independent.co.uk
935:kenleyrevival.org
786:Battle of Britain
781:Witold Urbanowicz
745:Battle of Britain
566:brigadier general
552:After the end of
543:life imprisonment
500:invasion of Italy
474:(pictured right).
422:Flight Lieutenant
401:Battle of Britain
383:Stanisław Skalski
369:Battle of Britain
289:brigadier general
274:
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222:Stanisław Skalski
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175:Battle of Britain
25:Stanisław Skalski
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1479:Zamoyski, Adam.
1384:. Gliwice, 2007.
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259:Bajan's list
249:and British
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162:Battles/wars
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1551:2004 deaths
1546:1915 births
1231:(in Polish)
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776:Jan Zumbach
711:, 3rd class
579:Remembrance
375:RAF service
253:during the
243:fighter ace
1540:Categories
1518:8390662043
1461:8387992224
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1203:filmweb.pl
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1018:iwm.org.uk
887:warhist.pl
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338:flying ace
261:, with 18
80:Allegiance
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1177:polot.net
1125:dzieje.pl
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333:PZL P-11s
111:1956–1972
109:1938–1945
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1591:The Few
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413:Circus
361:Beirut
351:, one
347:, two
321:Dęblin
301:Kodyma
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1099:wp.pl
908:109s.
797:Notes
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131:76710
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