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feeling in exuberant spirits. The discussion drifted to politics, and an argument was started, the conclusion of which was that Lyons snatched
Sheldon's hat from his head. The latter indignantly demanded its return. Lyons refused, and Sheldon withdrew his revolver and shot Lyons in the abdomen. When his victim fell to the floor Sheldon took his hat from the hand of the wounded man and coolly walked away. He was subsequently arrested and locked up at the Chestnut Street Station. Lyons was taken to the Dispensary, where his wounds were pronounced serious. Lee Sheldon is also known as 'Stag' Lee.
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Dallas
Theater Center in Dallas produced an original musical with an adaptation of the folklore around Stagger Lee and Billy Lyons. The characters explore African American history in the Northern United States, and experience racism and violence throughout multiple cities. It opened January 21, 2015
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over his face (signifying one with the power to see spirits and destined for trouble), or of having sold his soul to the Devil (in exchange for the hat, said to be magic, over which he killed Billy Lyons). Additional fantastic legends credit him with the ability to transform himself into animals, of
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The song tradition embellishes the story with sometimes inaccurate or fantastic details. The songs play up the importance of
Stagolee's Stetson hat as a symbol of manliness. he is often said to have received a death sentence for his crime, which he accepts stoically. Some versions add an additional
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with a dubious reputation. He was not a common pimp — as described by Cecil Brown, "Lee
Shelton belonged to a group of pimps known in St. Louis as the 'Macks.' The Macks were not just 'urban strollers;' they presented themselves as objects to be observed. He was nicknamed "Stag Lee" or "Stack Lee",
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William Lyons, 25, a levee hand, was shot in the abdomen yesterday evening at 10 o'clock in the saloon of Bill Curtis, at
Eleventh and Morgan Streets, by Lee Sheldon , a carriage driver. Lyons and Sheldon were friends and were talking together. Both parties, it seems, had been drinking and were
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with some black people who admire the gangster type; a parallel to the glorification of the outlaw by a section of mainstream society. In this variation, he is the embodiment of a tough black man; one who is sly, streetwise, cool, lawless, amoral, potentially violent, and who defies
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Lyons eventually died of his injuries. Shelton was tried and convicted for the crime in 1897, and sentenced to 25 years in prison. He was paroled in 1909, but was imprisoned again two years later for assault and robbery. Unable to get parole, he died in the hospital of the
1907:
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and illustrated by
Shepherd Hendrix, examining the historical murder of Lyons by Shelton, and the folklore that came out of it, in the framing setting of a fictionalized version of the African-American community in Saint Louis.
195:", and other variations, was an American criminal who became a figure of folklore after murdering Billy Lyons on December 25, 1895. The murder, reportedly motivated partially by the theft of Shelton's
667:, Earnestine Jenkins, Volume 2, 2001, p. 390 "William Lyons wore a derby hat; if Stack Lee wore a Stetson hat (as most of the songs insist), all the accounts I have found failed to mention it."
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Chapter
Nineteen. Stack Lee: The Man, The Music, The Myth. In: Darlene Clark Hine, Earnestine Jenkins. A Question of Manhood: A Reader in U.S. Black Men's History and Masculinity, Volume 2
295:, after which Lyons grabbed Shelton's hat and demanded restitution; Shelton then drew his gun and smacked Lyons on the head with it. Lyons lunged for Shelton and Shelton shot.
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336:", "Stagger Lee", and other variants. The first evidence for it is a reference to "Stack-a-Lee" being performed by "Prof. Charlie Lee, the piano thumper" in the
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314:. The Killer Blues Headstone Project raised money to place a stone on his unmarked grave, and on April 14, 2013, a marker was laid during a public ceremony.
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in 2019. Consisting of two novellas, the latter – "My Heart Struck Sorrow" – focuses in large part on a horrific mystery connected to varied
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possibly because he "went stag", meaning he was without friends, or took the nickname from a well-known riverboat captain called "Stack Lee".
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paints
Stagger Lee as a sociopathic, bisexual sexual predator who forces a foe to perform fellatio on him before shooting the man to death.
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which was known for its on-board prostitution. Lee
Shelton's nickname was later corrupted into various other forms in the folk tradition.
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On
Christmas night in 1895, Shelton shot William "Billy" Lyons in a St. Louis saloon following a dispute. A story appearing in the
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and his band recorded the song in 1924. Also in 1924, the first version with lyrics was recorded, as "Skeeg-a-Lee Blues", by
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drew inspiration from his heavy blues background, playing the song in open G tuning, finger plucking on an old telecaster.
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references the song in his 1920’s short story "Broadway Financier", where the song is called 'Stacker Lee.'
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Richard E. Buehler, "Stacker Lee: A partial investigation into the historicity of a Negro murder ballad"
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215:". The story endures in the many versions of the song that have circulated since the late 19th century.
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and featured Brandon Gill, J. Bernard Calloway, Tiffany Mann, Cedric Neal, and Saycon Sengbloh.
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Further details are preserved in trial accounts. For example, Shelton had first crushed Lyons'
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and gambler, and evidently served as a captain in a black "Four Hundred Club", a political and
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722:"Killer Blues to Install Headstones at the Graves of Stagger Lee, Milton Sparks This Weekend"
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received a partial transcription of the song, and in 1911 two versions were published in the
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section in which Stagolee goes to Hell and usurps it from the Devil. The 1995 version by
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Agency for International Development v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc.
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were billed as Stagger Lee in the Southern US; Sylvester Ritter, better known as
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in 1897. The song was well known in African American communities along the lower
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600:. Boston: Harvard University Press. pp. 23, 34–36, 37, 42–43, 45–45 102.
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Stagger Lee's "Lid" Club at 911 N. 12th Street, St. Louis (Tucker Blvd. now).
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A Question of Manhood: A Reader in U.S. Black Men's History and Masculinity
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in 1923, and became a hit. Another version was recorded later that year by
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claimed that the nickname came from a riverboat owned by the Lee family of
30:"Billy Lyons" redirects here. For the Canadian professional wrestler, see
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records stories among the superstitious of his having been born with a
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made in the 1930s as well as the folklore surrounding "Stagger Lee".
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Matt Marshall, "A Brief History of Stagger Lee and Billy Lyons,"
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True Crime: Missouri—The State's Most Notorious Criminal Cases.
328:
Shortly after the event, the murder became the subject of
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Stagolee, Stagger Lee, Stack-O-Lee, Stag Lee, Lee Sheldon
474:
Mystery Train: Images of America in Rock 'n' Roll Music.
310:
Shelton is buried at the historic Greenwood Cemetery in
183:(March 16, 1865 – March 11, 1912), popularly known as "
1908:
Regulating Brothel Prostitution in St. Paul, 1865–1883
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vol. 12, 1967, pp. 187–191. Retrieved March 5, 2013
157:
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102:
87:
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48:
41:
1648:Prostitution in Los Angeles in the 19th century
849:. Archived from the original on July 20, 2016.
847:"Nick Cave – Stagger Lee Lyrics – MetroLyrics"
1608:
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970:. New York: HarperCollins. pp. 141–366.
462:explicitly ties the Stagger Lee archetype to
8:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
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804:"Herb Wiedoeft's Cinderella Roof Orchestra"
381:recorded the song the following year, with
3404:American people who died in prison custody
3288:Commercial sexual exploitation of children
1988:
1615:
1601:
1593:
1032:
1018:
1010:
655:
653:
239:. He later worked as a carriage driver in
38:
930:. Indiana University Press. p. 482.
832:Howard W. Odum article "Folk-Song..." in
745:
743:
3409:Prisoners who died in Missouri detention
3257:Murder of Tanya Moore and Tina Rodriguez
538:published "A Lush and Seething Hell" by
438:Within thirty years of Shelton's death,
389:, and a notable version was recorded by
2049:New England Female Moral Reform Society
1006:History of Lee Shelton and of the song.
954:New York: Crown 1944. rpt 1993, 122 ff.
567:
369:& His Regal Novelty Orchestra, and
3419:People convicted of murder by Missouri
852:
683:Chapter 1: When Stagger Lee Shot Billy
408:included a song on their third album,
307:on March 11, 1912, from tuberculosis.
3384:20th-century deaths from tuberculosis
505:Cast of the Stagger Lee musical, 2016
7:
3374:20th-century African-American people
2054:New York Female Moral Reform Society
247:, where he gained a reputation as a
207:musicians, and inspired the popular
3399:American people convicted of murder
876:The Black Keys – "Stack Shot Billy"
451:, and of having fought a duel with
3323:Prostitution in Harlem Renaissance
1939:Secrets of a Hollywood Super Madam
724:. Riverfront Times. Archived from
720:Michael Dauphin (April 12, 2013).
231:The historical Lee Shelton was an
25:
3369:1895 murders in the United States
1843:Wild Horse Adult Resort & Spa
1838:Stone Jail Building and Row House
1753:Fort Laramie Three-Mile Hog Ranch
1624:Prostitution in the United States
496:Continental Wrestling Association
354:by the sociologist and historian
344:by 1910. That year, musicologist
3161:Northern Liberties, Philadelphia
3101:Creek Street (Ketchikan, Alaska)
1356:Ghosts of the American Civil War
1004:The Myth and Song of Stagger Lee
952:A Treasury of American Folklore.
3394:Tuberculosis deaths in Missouri
3379:20th-century American criminals
3091:Columbus Avenue (San Francisco)
361:The song was first recorded by
3247:Disappearance of Jessie Foster
478:From 1982 to 1984, two masked
338:Kansas City Leavenworth Herald
27:19th-century American murderer
1:
3424:People from American folklore
3166:San Antonio Sporting District
3111:Hell's Half Acre (Fort Worth)
754:. Retrieved February 17, 2013
3338:Truckers Against Trafficking
3273:1989 DC Prostitute Expulsion
3226:Western Avenue (Los Angeles)
3056:Barbary Coast, San Francisco
1432:Mercy Brown vampire incident
964:Jacobs, John Horner (2019).
896:Brown, Cecil (May 9, 2003).
834:Journal of American Folklore
791:Keystone Folklore Quarterly,
523:published the graphic novel
351:Journal of American Folklore
3318:Police abuse of sex workers
3136:Liberty Avenue (Pittsburgh)
924:George M. Eberhart (2006).
677:Krajicek, David J. (2011).
490:and James Ware, who became
399:Nick Cave and The Bad Seeds
301:Missouri State Penitentiary
3440:
1773:List of brothels in Nevada
773:February 22, 2014, at the
622:"The Story of Stagger Lee"
426:Stagger Lee has become an
321:
29:
3211:Tenderloin, San Francisco
1502:Alfred Bulltop Stormalong
1417:Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine
859:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
777:. Retrieved March 5, 2013
556:Frankie and Johnny (song)
3278:Big Apple Oriental Tours
3242:Denver Prostitute Killer
3186:Sporting District, Omaha
3121:Kensington, Philadelphia
3066:Broadway (San Francisco)
967:A Lush and Seething Hell
458:Author and music critic
449:San Francisco earthquake
81:Jefferson City, Missouri
3313:Operation Stormy Nights
3196:Storyville, New Orleans
2751:Endesha Ida Mae Holland
2217:Ada and Minna Everleigh
1903:Red Light Abatement Act
1783:Mary Todd Lincoln House
1733:Dennis Hof's Love Ranch
1422:Lost Ship of the Desert
494:, followed suit in the
469:There's a Riot Goin' On
363:Waring's Pennsylvanians
3252:Murder of Carrie Brown
3151:Nevada State Route 582
2966:Estella Marie Thompson
2435:Ashley Alexandra Dupré
1788:Miss Hattie's Bordello
1718:Chicken Ranch (Nevada)
1703:Arnold's Bar and Grill
1412:Goatman (urban legend)
898:"Godfather of Gangsta"
751:History of Stagger Lee
506:
486:, played him first in
480:professional wrestlers
289:
228:
3206:Tenderloin, Manhattan
3156:North Street (Boston)
3076:Burnt District, Omaha
2387:Deborah L. Turbiville
2327:Deborah Jeane Palfrey
2146:Sydney Biddle Barrows
2014:Committee of Fourteen
1723:Chicken Ranch (Texas)
1708:Ash Meadows Sky Ranch
766:American Blues Scene,
659:George M Eberhart in
646:on February 23, 2003.
594:Brown, Cecil (2004).
504:
332:tradition, known as "
284:
226:
153:25 years imprisonment
3389:Criminals from Texas
3191:Stingaree, San Diego
3081:Cheshire Bridge Road
3061:The Block, Baltimore
2561:Norma Jean Almodovar
2009:Committee of Fifteen
1999:Norma Jean Almodovar
1888:Chamberlain–Kahn Act
1693:217 West Main Street
1495:Literary folk heroes
1442:Seven Cities of Gold
235:man born in 1865 in
142:Assault and robbery
3298:Hookers for Hillary
3283:Church penitentiary
3171:Sepulveda Boulevard
3096:Combat Zone, Boston
3086:Chinatown, Honolulu
3071:Bucktown, Davenport
3048:Red-light districts
2846:Laura Bell McDaniel
2796:Robert La Tourneaux
2761:Amber L. Hollibaugh
2636:Lisa Crystal Carver
2468:Hester Jane Haskins
2307:Laura Bell McDaniel
2267:Hester Jane Haskins
1793:Moonlite BunnyRanch
1763:Kit Kat Guest Ranch
686:. Stackpole Books.
597:Stagolee Shot Billy
488:Mid-South Wrestling
312:Hillsdale, Missouri
96:Hillsdale, Missouri
18:Stagger Lee Shelton
3221:Venus Alley, Butte
3176:Slabtown (Atlanta)
3131:The Levee, Chicago
3116:Hunts Point, Bronx
2951:David Henry Sterry
2871:Mother Featherlegs
2711:Ronnie Lee Gardner
2651:Honeysuckle Divine
2024:Melissa Gira Grant
1882:Bennis v. Michigan
1146:Theodore Roosevelt
950:Botkin, Benjamin.
814:on January 5, 2011
665:Darlene Clark Hine
640:"Staggerlee Roots"
544:acetate recordings
540:John Horner Jacobs
507:
447:having caused the
318:Song and tradition
229:
92:Greenwood Cemetery
3346:
3345:
3293:Emperors Club VIP
3042:
3041:
3011:Venus Xtravaganza
2756:Xaviera Hollander
2581:Richard Berkowitz
2112:(aka, Madam Alex)
1768:Lester Apartments
1713:Bird Cage Theatre
1590:
1589:
1407:Fountain of Youth
1240:Fur-bearing trout
1197:Fearsome critters
1160:Idiomatic figures
1041:American folklore
728:on April 14, 2013
708:St Louis Magazine
342:Mississippi River
178:
177:
174:
169:
164:
145:
140:
117:, carriage driver
16:(Redirected from
3431:
3333:Three minute men
3201:Sunset Boulevard
2976:Mary Ellen Tracy
2641:Sylvia Clevenger
2498:Red Light Lizzie
2493:Don "Magic" Juan
2302:Red Light Lizzie
2242:Dante "Tex" Gill
2202:Kristin M. Davis
2176:Big Jim Colosimo
1989:
1823:Shady Lady Ranch
1808:Old Bridge Ranch
1728:Cottontail Ranch
1617:
1610:
1603:
1594:
1532:Febold Feboldson
1517:Casey at the Bat
1512:Brother Jonathan
1402:Confederate gold
1081:Johnny Appleseed
1034:
1027:
1020:
1011:
982:
981:
961:
955:
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942:
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883:
871:
865:
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858:
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830:
824:
823:
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819:
810:. Archived from
800:
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761:
755:
747:
738:
737:
735:
733:
717:
711:
704:
698:
697:
674:
668:
657:
648:
647:
642:. Archived from
636:
630:
629:
628:. June 27, 2007.
626:Riverfront Times
618:
612:
611:
591:
233:African American
172:
167:
162:
150:Criminal penalty
143:
138:
134:Criminal charges
103:Other names
76:
58:
56:
39:
21:
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3438:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3328:Sex trafficking
3261:
3230:
3181:SoHo, Manhattan
3141:Minnesota Strip
3126:Las Vegas Strip
3038:
3029:Craig J. Spence
3015:
2941:Margo St. James
2921:Valerie Solanas
2911:Shalimar Seiuli
2831:Brooke Magnanti
2811:Rose Livingston
2746:Richard Holcomb
2611:Sarah A. Bowman
2606:Gary Ray Bowles
2596:Mattie Blaylock
2566:Josie Arlington
2551:Josephine Airey
2527:
2523:Dennis Tinerino
2449:
2421:
2382:Frederick Trump
2317:Mother Damnable
2188:(Arabella Ryan)
2181:Joseph Conforte
2136:Josie Arlington
2126:Josephine Airey
2110:Elizabeth Adams
2101:
2099:
2096:
2088:
2079:Margo St. James
2059:Polaris Project
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466:and his album
423:
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411:Rubber Factory
406:The Black Keys
367:Frank Westphal
356:Howard W. Odum
322:Main article:
319:
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305:Jefferson City
282:in 1895 read:
280:Globe-Democrat
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111:Occupation(s)
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3216:Times Square
2991:Sheila White
2916:Mattie Silks
2886:Louise Peete
2866:Vicki Morgan
2821:Annie Lobert
2816:Alice Little
2786:Dean Johnson
2781:Helen Jewett
2731:Fred Halsted
2721:Billi Gordon
2706:Denham Fouts
2696:Heidi Fleiss
2656:Issan Dorsey
2621:Carrie Brown
2556:Brenda Allen
2507:
2488:Iceberg Slim
2473:Mike Heitler
2407:Minnie White
2352:Mattie Silks
2277:Mike Heitler
2232:Heidi Fleiss
2197:Ana Cumpănaș
2131:Brenda Allen
2084:Sheila White
2034:Alice Little
1966:Equality Now
1937:
1932:Dreamcatcher
1930:
1923:
1880:
1863:
1848:Willis House
1813:Paresis Hall
1803:No. 1 Geisha
1670:Rhode Island
1305:Snallygaster
1290:Jersey Devil
1172:Cooter Brown
1096:Br'er Rabbit
1091:Daniel Boone
999:Find a Grave
966:
959:
951:
946:
926:
919:
909:December 17,
907:. Retrieved
903:The Guardian
901:
891:
880:, retrieved
875:
869:
841:
833:
828:
816:. Retrieved
812:the original
808:Red Hot Jazz
807:
798:
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759:
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730:. Retrieved
726:the original
715:
707:
702:
682:
679:
672:
660:
644:the original
634:
616:
596:
534:
525:Stagger Lee,
524:
521:Image Comics
518:
514:Damon Runyon
512:
508:
492:Koko B. Ware
484:Junkyard Dog
477:
473:
472:in his book
467:
460:Greil Marcus
457:
437:
425:
416:Dan Auerbach
409:
403:
395:
375:Lovie Austin
360:
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279:
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230:
192:
188:
184:
180:
179:
88:Burial place
75:(1912-03-11)
36:
3364:1912 deaths
3359:1865 births
3308:John school
2996:Anna Wilson
2981:Tiger Tyson
2946:Pearl Starr
2876:Jean O'Hara
2861:Tanya Moore
2856:Della Moore
2836:Chicago May
2806:Kitty Leroy
2771:John Holmes
2726:Maggie Hall
2716:Jody Gibson
2686:Albert Fish
2681:Alexis Fire
2666:Dora DuFran
2661:Phoebe Doty
2626:Julia Brown
2533:Prostitutes
2508:Lee Shelton
2445:Fanny White
2412:Anna Wilson
2397:Tessie Wall
2362:Pearl Starr
2342:Poker Alice
2297:Kitty Leroy
2292:Lizzie Lape
2257:Eunice Gray
2237:Jody Gibson
2227:Vina Fields
2212:Dora DuFran
2207:Phoebe Doty
2116:Polly Adler
2069:Audacia Ray
2029:Carol Leigh
2004:Fred Cherry
1577:Tony Beaver
1552:Kemp Morgan
1542:Joe Magarac
1486:Uncle Remus
1320:Splintercat
1295:Joint snake
1255:Goofus bird
1167:Average Joe
1136:Casey Jones
1106:Paul Bunyan
1101:Jim Bridger
1086:Elfego Baca
1074:Folk heroes
995:Lee Shelton
882:October 10,
818:October 13,
768:May 9, 2011
527:written by
453:Jesse James
435:authority.
324:Stagger Lee
268:called the
253:social club
213:Stagger Lee
197:Stetson hat
193:Stack-O-Lee
189:Stagger Lee
181:Lee Shelton
127:Stagger Lee
43:Lee Shelton
3353:Categories
2956:Star Stowe
2901:Tracy Quan
2701:Ali Forney
2478:Dennis Hof
2427:Courtesans
2402:Lulu White
2282:Dennis Hof
2252:Lou Graham
2247:Mary Gleim
2192:Cora Crane
2186:Belle Cora
2166:Hilma Burt
2064:Tracy Quan
1898:Raines law
1643:California
1567:Pecos Bill
1547:Johnny Kaw
1527:Evangeline
1376:White Lady
1366:La Llorona
1351:Bell Witch
1335:Wampus cat
1330:Teakettler
1315:Snow snake
1275:Hoop snake
1265:Hidebehind
1245:Gillygaloo
1225:Cactus cat
1205:Agropelter
1126:John Henry
1060:California
937:0253214602
562:References
346:John Lomax
270:Stack Lee,
262:Alan Lomax
219:Background
161:Convicted
55:1865-03-16
3303:John Hour
2826:Crazy Lou
2676:Robyn Few
2503:Jack Ruby
2322:Meg Muñoz
2222:Mame Faye
2044:Meg Muñoz
2019:Robyn Few
1992:Activists
1371:Red Ghost
1285:Jackalope
1250:Glawackus
1187:Uncle Sam
1116:Mike Fink
732:April 18,
519:In 2006,
464:Sly Stone
428:archetype
404:In 2004,
393:in 1927.
379:Ma Rainey
330:folk song
293:Derby hat
277:St. Louis
241:St. Louis
209:folk song
3235:Violence
2841:Rosa May
1976:SWOP-USA
1893:Mann Act
1833:The Star
1685:Brothels
1562:Ole Pete
1461:Vaqueros
1452:Westerns
1427:Madstone
1260:Gumberoo
1182:Sam Hide
1121:Geronimo
1065:Salishan
855:cite web
771:Archived
550:See also
334:Stagolee
245:Missouri
185:Stagolee
166:Paroled
2151:Big Sue
2094:Brothel
1956:BAYSWAN
1473:African
1457:Cowboys
1447:Tailypo
1437:Mothman
1385:Legends
266:Memphis
137:Murder
2541:Ah Toy
2121:Ah Toy
2102:madams
2098:owners
1985:People
1961:COYOTE
1665:Nevada
1660:Hawaii
1344:Ghosts
1325:Squonk
1055:Alaska
1048:Native
974:
934:
690:
604:
422:Impact
387:cornet
173:(1911)
168:(1909)
163:(1897)
144:(1911)
139:(1895)
3266:Other
3021:Johns
2483:Ice-T
2455:Pimps
1917:Media
1675:Texas
1631:Areas
1310:Snipe
1280:Hugag
1270:Hodag
1230:Champ
433:white
237:Texas
205:blues
63:Texas
1874:2020
1869:2013
1655:Guam
972:ISBN
932:ISBN
911:2007
884:2022
861:link
836:1911
820:2010
734:2013
688:ISBN
663:ed.
602:ISBN
444:caul
260:and
258:John
249:pimp
203:and
201:folk
191:", "
187:", "
115:Pimp
70:Died
49:Born
2100:and
1857:Law
997:at
385:on
303:in
3355::
900:.
857:}}
853:{{
806:.
789:,
742:^
652:^
624:.
570:^
498:.
455:.
377:.
358:.
243:,
1616:e
1609:t
1602:v
1459:/
1033:e
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913:.
863:)
822:.
736:.
696:.
610:.
211:"
129:"
125:"
98:)
94:(
57:)
53:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
