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1865:. It is best defined as a pared down version of classicism that blended the classical vocabulary with the ever-growing desire for abstraction... Due to its strong associations with totalitarian governments, it is often excluded from the canonic historical narrative of the modern movement. Recently a growing number of scholars have begun to question the traditional definition of modern architecture. If the discussion on modernism is expanding beyond the traditional canonical definition, a greater understanding of Stripped Classicism's place amongst the modern movement can be achieved."
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in their physical landscapes (especially in their capital cities) and, simultaneously, reinvent the past (as symbolised by
Stripped Classicism's restrained classical features) by ransacking its archetypal 'healthy' elements to inaugurate a reforged, rejuvenated, futural, open-ended and monumental
528:
also foreshadowed a form of building which is as much extravagant as it is streamlined, as much multi-functional as it is fit for the multi-faceted modern future vis-a-vis high-speed travel, technologically advanced means of communication, hydraulic engineering etc... "all in time for the most
129:. Recent historiography has explicitly linked this architectural style â and its relationship with modernist thinking â to political projects arising in the 1920â1930s, which utilised artistic dexterity to articulate â in built form â a powerful political ethos orientated towards the future.
121:
Despite its etymological similarity, Stripped
Classicism is sometimes distinguished from "Starved Classicism", the latter "displaying little feeling for rules, proportions, details, and finesse, and lacking all verve and Ă©lan". At other times the terms "stripped" and "starved" are used
1774:
1748:"... modern derivation in the spirit of ancient Greco-Roman architecture. It is unequivocally a twentieth century building, in the architectural style that is called Late Twentieth Century Stripped Classical".
423:
in the United States. In any event, presumed "fascist" underpinnings have hampered acceptance into mainstream architectural thought. There is no evidence that architects who favored this style had a particular
513:
The modernism in
Stripped Classical buildings can be seen through their stylistic components (mute apertures, blank walls and the absence of ornament) and through their pure functionality.
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regimes. The style embraces a "simplified but recognizable" classicism in its overall massing and scale while eliminating traditional decorative detailing. The
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521:" can be seen as just one of the many philosophers/theorists/architects who foreshadowed some of the stylistic elements of Stripped Classicism.
219:, an ideal political response to a modernizing world. In part, this movement was said to have origins in the need to save money in governmental
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The movement was widespread, and transcended national boundaries. Architects who at least notably experimented in
Stripped Classicism included
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275:'s architects and perhaps of American, British and French official buildings in the 1930s as well". The style later found adherents in the
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were perhaps the most famous examples in
Germany, using classical elements such as columns and altars alongside modern technology such as
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544:), and concomitantly, archetypal American genius. A discussion of the Roosevelt administration, its reinvention of the past (centred on
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is considered the key template for
Stripped Classicism. It was stripped still further when the large statues originally placed on the
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built in 1928 has been identified as an early example. Among his other works identified with the style are the exterior of the 1933
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in Russia. Cultural incentives launched by these states, and all their various intricacies, evoked currents of modernist thought.
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standard for many monumental and institutional governmental buildings all over the world. Governments used this architectural
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The use of culture and 'myth' was a shared peculiarity of totalitarian political programmes during the 1920â30s, including
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has encapsulated in his conceptual framework of 'rooted modernism' (which he discusses in relation to fascist buildings).
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172:, characteristics of Stripped Classicism are embodied in works of some progressive late 18th- and early 19th-century
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It is this curious dichotomy between old and new, an inexorable feature of
Stripped Classicism, which historian
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and completed in 1912, "established models for the classical purity aspired to by high modernists like
455:, the style fell out of favor. However, it was somewhat revived in designs in the 1960s. Included was
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2195:"'Problem-Solvers': The Modernist Ethos Behind Architecture in Stalinist Russia and New Deal America"
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Reassessing
Stripped Classicism within the Narrative of International Modernism in the 1920sâ1930s
2142:
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548:) and its uses of architecture in the 1930s can be found in Patterson's 'Problem-Solvers' thesis.
43:
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Though the term is usually reserved for the more thorough style that forms part of 20th-century
136:, who extolled the innumerable possibilities of the modern world, on this unique style (and the
106:, frequently employed by governments while designing official buildings. It was adopted by both
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has also been aligned with the movement. In the USSR some of the proposals for the unbuilt
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1861:"Stripped Classicism was a widely popular, international style of architecture during the
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Other writers have noted the need to read the impact of avant-garde movements such as the
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1913:
Willingham, William F. (Spring 2013). "Architecture of the Oregon State
Capitol".
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27:
20th-century architectural style resembling classical, but without ornamentation
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are only hinted at or are indirectly implicated in the form and structure.
95:(or "Starved Classicism" or "Grecian Moderne") is primarily a 20th-century
2721:
271:
but also for the oversized, Stripped
Classicism of Hitler's, Stalin's and
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525:
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157:
31:
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2382:
Washington Itself: An Informal Guide to the Capital of the United States
7023:
6061:
5523:
5138:
4427:
4411:
4397:
3983:
3735:
3419:
2621:
1769:
1427:
1082:
1018:
864:
721:
276:
82:
536:, who yearned for an architecture symbolising a 'new beginning' under
4345:
1696:
1623:
1619:
1295:
1247:
1234:
1195:
1078:
690:
686:
488:
125:
Stripped Classicism was a materialistic manifestation of 'political'
60:
463:, evidencing "a revival in the Stripped Classical style". Likewise,
1511:
Planned for the world's fair 1942, but unfinished due to the war.
1498:
929:
357:
It is sometimes evident in buildings that were constructed by the
244:
225:
436:
were fans. On the other hand, Stripped Classicism was favored by
4818:
4352:
2407:
The New Deal Builds: Government Architecture during the New Deal
1494:
647:
312:
4260:
3683:
2725:
2169:"Frist Center for the Arts, former US Post Office in Nashville"
2778:
2696:
517:, an Austrian theorist of modern architecture, and his essay "
203:
Between the World Wars, a stripped-down classicism became the
4256:
2662:
Sydney's hard rock story: the cultural heritage of trachyte
2242:. Woodbridge Rochester, NY: Companion Guides. p. 205.
1782:
Mausoleum of Vietnamese revolutionary leader and President
540:(which was fighting to ameliorate the ramifications of the
223:
by eschewing the expense of hand-worked classical detail.
498:
Through architecture, they strove to invoke the power of
529:
mechanised war in history", as Samuel Patterson writes.
2121:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
2055:
A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
475:(1968) resurrect grand Stripped Classical designs. See
369:
or its elements. Related styles have been described as
415:
regimes, it has been adapted by many English-speaking
1650:
Lorenzo de Zavala State Archives and Library Building
2602:
Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1204:
Carlo Broggi, Julien Flegenheimer, Camille LefĂšvre,
140:
it espoused). It was popularised by the French-born
7161:
7002:
6870:
6710:
6459:
6448:
6255:
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
6245:
6071:
5631:
5114:
5105:
4982:
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4508:
4499:
4294:
3924:
3718:
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2777:
2664:. Leura, N.S.W.: Heritage Publishing. p. 137.
2502:. Archipaedia world architecture. November 24, 2009
2476:. Archipaedia world architecture. November 23, 2009
2092:. Archipaedia world architecture. November 23, 2009
1742:Walter Bunning, in association with T.E. OâMahoney
2660:Irving, Robert; Powell, Ron; Irving, Noel (2014).
2441:
1346:(particularly the War Department Building) of the
532:The Stripped Classical style was also embraced by
1874:Thus, for example, cuts might be substituted for
1250:were done by Karlo Baranji. The reliefs showcase
34:style sometimes called âstripped classicalâ, see
2444:Depression Modern: The Thirties Style in America
2552:
2550:
477:Australian non-residential architectural styles
279:regimes of Germany and Italy as well as in the
1989:Encyclopedia of Twentieth Century Architecture
469:Law Courts of the Australian Capital Territory
4272:
3695:
2737:
2320:
2318:
8:
7194:
7183:
4377:
4366:
4320:
4309:
2297:"Stalinist Architecture- Regional varieties"
1908:
1906:
642:Valley Life Sciences Building at UC Berkeley
4448:
2522:"Late twentieth century Stripped Classical"
2353:AIA Guide to the Architecture of Washington
1991:. New York: Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 269.
6456:
5111:
4505:
4279:
4265:
4257:
3702:
3688:
3680:
2744:
2730:
2722:
2384:. Lanham, Md: Madison Books. p. 165.
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
1887:German architect and husband of architect
555:
428:political disposition. Nevertheless, both
344:University of Texas at Austin's Main Tower
2290:
2288:
1036:Virginia Department of Highways Building
69:
42:
2325:Rybczynski, Witold (October 21, 2014).
1902:
1854:
853:Martin Luther King Jr. Federal Building
573:
561:
322:Among American architects, the work of
319:also had characteristics of the style.
2703:The Savannah College of Art and Design
2614:Public Management Research Association
2422:
2412:
2351:Moeller Jr., G. Martin (May 2, 2012).
2223:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
1974:
483:The paradoxical embrace of old and new
461:Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
7120:Six Characters in Search of an Author
2571:"Architecture of the Eccles Building"
2496:"Fascist Stripped Classical (German)"
2271:"Fascist Stripped Classical (German)"
1813:Dulwich Picture Gallery and Mausoleum
7:
2688:Bryant, Brittany Paige (June 2011).
580:Embassy of Germany, Saint Petersburg
261:Embassy of Germany, Saint Petersburg
259:In Europe, examples as early as the
1602:Headquarters of Jamuna Oil Company
6315:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
1550:Bernardo O'Higgins Military School
743:William R. Cotter Federal Building
419:governments, including during the
350:in Washington, D.C., and the 1939
25:
7531:20th-century architectural styles
2355:(Fifth ed.). Baltimore, MD:
1348:United States Department of State
328:ChĂąteau-Thierry American Monument
7502:
7501:
4233:
2303:. Archipaedia world architecture
1758:
1730:
1685:
1654:
1612:
1581:
1554:
1521:
1487:
1449:
1424:London Borough of Waltham Forest
1416:
1383:
1352:
1315:
1284:
1223:
1188:
1157:
1104:
1071:
1040:
1007:
974:
970:Tennessee Supreme Court Building
941:
891:
857:
813:
780:
776:Frist Center for the Visual Arts
747:
710:
679:
646:
613:
584:
144:, among others, and employed in
63:on the roof were removed during
7526:Stripped Classical architecture
1056:Carneal, Johnston & Wright
764:Malmfeldt, Adams & Prentice
7269:Grosvenor School of Modern Art
7262:Fourth dimension in literature
2409:. Vol. 9. pp. 40â54.
2357:Johns Hopkins University Press
2013:"Stripped Classical 1900-1945"
1987:Sennott, Stephen, ed. (2004).
1941:10.5403/oregonhistq.114.1.0094
1933:10.5403/oregonhistq.114.1.0094
524:Avant-garde movements such as
18:Starved Classical architecture
1:
7536:American architectural styles
3004:Anatolian Seljuk architecture
2239:The Companion Guide to Berlin
2236:Ladd, Brian (June 27, 2004).
2086:"Post War Stripped Classical"
1726:National Library of Australia
1173:Carneal, Johnston and Wright
473:National Library of Australia
359:Works Projects Administration
2448:. New York: Universe Books.
2115:Curl, James Stevens (2000).
2049:Curl, James Stevens (2000).
675:Polish Ministry of Education
609:Provisional Parliament House
411:Despite its popularity with
342:library interior), the 1937
7362:List of avant-garde artists
6339:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
2327:"The Late, Great Paul Cret"
2295:tjaaf (November 24, 2009).
1916:Oregon Historical Quarterly
1808:Constructivist architecture
1681:Ăanakkale Martyrs' Memorial
1474:Esposizione Universale Roma
1139:, architectural sculpture;
1125:Trowbridge & Livingston
840:, architectural sculpture;
326:exemplifies the style. His
7567:
7220:Classical Hollywood cinema
2380:Applewhite, E. J. (1993).
809:Folger Shakespeare Library
332:Folger Shakespeare Library
250:Folger Shakespeare Library
29:
7551:Neoclassical architecture
7483:
6291:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
4227:
2759:
2636:"Find a Building: Search"
1925:Oregon Historical Society
1445:Dauphin County Courthouse
1256:Alexander I of Yugoslavia
958:Gilbert Stanley Underwood
949:San Francisco, California
5076:The Master and Margarita
2405:Prosser, Daniel (1992).
2273:. Essential Architecture
2015:. Essential Architecture
1566:Juan MartĂnez GutiĂ©rrez
1538:Faulkner & Kingsbury
1457:Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
1412:Waltham Forest Town Hall
592:Saint Petersburg, Russia
348:Federal Reserve Building
297:Nazi party rally grounds
102:stripped of most or all
7369:List of modernist poets
7255:Fourth dimension in art
6431:Meshes of the Afternoon
4240:Architecture portal
2769:History of construction
2753:History of architecture
2610:Oxford University Press
1955:(subscription required)
1391:Raleigh, North Carolina
1368:Underwood & Foster
1344:Harry S Truman Building
918:architectural sculpture
365:, albeit with a mix of
352:Bethesda Naval Hospital
295:and other parts of the
198:Karl Friedrich Schinkel
174:neoclassical architects
164:Description and history
49:German Imperial Embassy
7453:Second Viennese School
7195:
7184:
5088:The Sound and the Fury
4992:In Search of Lost Time
4449:
4378:
4367:
4321:
4310:
2764:Architectural timeline
2440:Greif, Martin (1975).
2143:"Return To Classicism"
1838:Stalinist architecture
1400:Northrup & O'Brien
1153:Patrick Henry Building
734:Also a key example of
256:
242:
116:orders of architecture
89:
67:
51:(designed 1911â12) on
7541:Art Deco architecture
7432:Reactionary modernism
7355:List of art movements
3306:America and Australia
2926:Medieval Scandinavian
2616:: i-264. April 2001.
2575:Federal Reserve Board
2051:"Stripped Classicism"
1754:Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum
1717:War memorial for the
1642:Mustafa Kemal AtatĂŒrk
755:Hartford, Connecticut
534:Franklin D. Roosevelt
440:and various regional
367:Art Deco architecture
317:Palace of the Soviets
248:
229:
182:Claude Nicolas Ledoux
178:Ătienne-Louis BoullĂ©e
170:rational architecture
73:
46:
7276:Hanshinkan Modernism
7132:The Threepenny Opera
7048:Pelléas et Mélisande
4184:Critical regionalism
3766:Critical regionalism
3548:Critical regionalism
2470:"Stripped Classical"
2117:"Starved Classicism"
1100:Oregon State Capitol
982:Nashville, Tennessee
788:Nashville, Tennessee
654:Berkeley, California
447:After the defeat of
53:Saint Isaac's Square
7334:International Style
7084:Afternoon of a Faun
6363:Battleship Potemkin
6267:Mont Sainte-Victoir
4032:International style
4024:Rationalist-Fascist
3968:Stripped Classicism
3901:Stripped Classicism
3881:Rationalist-Fascist
3806:International style
3712:modern architecture
3487:Stripped Classicism
3462:International style
3445:Rationalist-Fascist
3094:Portuguese Colonial
2844:Pre-Islamic Persian
2474:Archipaedia-archive
2301:Archipaedia-archive
2210:"'Problem-Solvers'"
2193:Patterson, Samuel,
2090:Archipaedia-archive
1786:, based in part on
1738:Canberra, Australia
1719:Battle of Gallipoli
1504:Marcello Piacentini
1141:Frank Henry Schwarz
907:Paul Philippe Cret
888:(Federal Reserve)
695:ZdzisĆaw MÄ
czeĆski
465:Canberra, Australia
100:architectural style
93:Stripped Classicism
7213:Buddhist modernism
7170:American modernism
7096:The Rite of Spring
5064:The Sun Also Rises
5040:The Magic Mountain
4115:(1940sâlate 1970s)
4104:Mid-century modern
4072:Postconstructivism
4016:Streamline Moderne
3896:Streamline Moderne
3861:Postconstructivism
3816:Mid-Century modern
3492:Postconstructivism
3435:Streamline Moderne
2569:Goley, Mary Anne.
2500:Archipaedia-archiv
2331:The New York Times
2147:chicagotribune.com
2123:. Encyclopedia.com
2057:. Encyclopedia.com
1300:Bogdan NestoroviÄ
1165:Richmond, Virginia
1067:MeĆĄtroviÄ Pavilion
1048:Richmond, Virginia
937:San Francisco Mint
830:Paul Philippe Cret
630:John Smith Murdoch
519:Ornament and Crime
402:Robert A. M. Stern
324:Paul Philippe Cret
257:
243:
142:Paul Philippe Cret
90:
68:
7546:Nazi architecture
7513:
7512:
7241:Experimental film
7157:
7156:
7144:Waiting for Godot
6444:
6443:
5101:
5100:
5004:The Metamorphosis
4254:
4253:
3677:
3676:
2612:on behalf of the
2175:. October 4, 2015
1833:Nordic Classicism
1828:Nazi architecture
1818:Giuseppe Terragni
1794:
1793:
1788:Lenin's Mausoleum
1562:Santiago de Chile
1517:Lisner Auditorium
1484:
1481:Colosseo Quadrato
1465:Lawrie and Green
1311:Houston City Hall
1252:Peter I of Serbia
1184:Palace of Nations
991:Marr & Holman
874:A. Ten Eyck Brown
797:Marr & Holman
736:Nordic Classicism
382:John James Burnet
269:Mies van der Rohe
134:Italian Futurists
122:interchangeably.
16:(Redirected from
7558:
7505:
7504:
7476:
7474:Vulgar modernism
7469:
7467:Underground film
7462:
7455:
7448:
7441:
7434:
7427:
7420:
7413:
7406:
7399:
7392:
7385:
7378:
7371:
7364:
7357:
7350:
7343:
7336:
7329:
7320:
7313:
7306:
7299:
7292:
7290:Hippie modernism
7285:
7278:
7271:
7264:
7257:
7250:
7243:
7236:
7229:
7222:
7215:
7208:
7206:Bloomsbury Group
7201:
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6403:
6402:
6393:
6392:
6387:Un Chien Andalou
6381:
6380:
6369:
6368:
6357:
6356:
6351:Ballet MĂ©canique
6345:
6344:
6333:
6332:
6321:
6320:
6309:
6308:
6297:
6296:
6285:
6284:
6279:The Starry Night
6273:
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5665:
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5651:
5644:
5624:
5617:
5610:
5608:Toulouse-Lautrec
5603:
5596:
5589:
5582:
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5547:
5540:
5533:
5526:
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4605:
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4455:
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4444:
4437:
4430:
4423:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4391:
4384:
4383:
4373:
4372:
4369:Der Blaue Reiter
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4326:
4316:
4315:
4305:
4281:
4274:
4267:
4258:
4246:Related articles
4238:
4237:
4220:
4212:
4204:
4196:
4192:Deconstructivism
4188:
4180:
4172:
4164:
4156:
4148:
4140:
4132:
4124:
4116:
4108:
4100:
4092:
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4028:
4020:
4012:
4004:
3996:
3988:
3980:
3972:
3964:
3956:
3948:
3940:
3776:Deconstructivism
3704:
3697:
3690:
3681:
3569:Deconstructivism
3328:Spanish Colonial
3089:Spanish Colonial
2989:Western Chalukya
2797:Ancient Egyptian
2746:
2739:
2732:
2723:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2700:
2676:
2675:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2632:
2626:
2625:
2600:"Front Matter".
2597:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2586:
2581:on June 12, 2002
2577:. Archived from
2566:
2560:
2554:
2545:
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2020:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1910:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1872:
1866:
1863:inter-war period
1859:
1762:
1734:
1689:
1670:Adams and Adams
1658:
1633:Ahmet Orhan Arda
1616:
1585:
1558:
1529:Washington, D.C.
1525:
1491:
1478:
1453:
1420:
1387:
1379:Justice Building
1360:Washington, D.C.
1356:
1319:
1288:
1272:Stepa StepanoviÄ
1240:DragiĆĄa BraĆĄovan
1227:
1206:Henri Paul NĂ©not
1192:
1161:
1137:Ulric Ellerhusen
1108:
1075:
1044:
1011:
978:
945:
924:, wrought iron;
899:Washington, D.C.
895:
865:Atlanta, Georgia
861:
821:Washington, D.C.
817:
784:
751:
714:
706:Parliament House
683:
663:George W. Kelham
650:
617:
588:
556:
552:Notable examples
542:Great Depression
493:Soviet Communism
434:Benito Mussolini
363:Great Depression
338:(though not the
336:Washington, D.C.
299:complex outside
254:Washington, D.C.
158:New Deal America
154:the Soviet Union
85:, 1937â1944, by
57:Saint Petersburg
21:
7566:
7565:
7561:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7556:
7555:
7516:
7515:
7514:
7509:
7500:
7492:
7479:
7472:
7465:
7460:Structural film
7458:
7451:
7444:
7437:
7430:
7423:
7416:
7411:New Objectivity
7409:
7402:
7397:Neo-romanticism
7395:
7390:Neo-primitivism
7388:
7381:
7374:
7367:
7360:
7353:
7346:
7339:
7332:
7325:
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7081:
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7057:
7051:
7045:
7039:
7036:VerklÀrte Nacht
7033:
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4882:Lowell (Robert)
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4018:
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4008:New Objectivity
4002:
3994:
3986:
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3962:
3954:
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3929:
3927:
3926:By start year /
3920:
3851:New Objectivity
3714:
3708:
3678:
3673:
3588:
3557:
3506:
3440:Totalitarianism
3430:New Objectivity
3371:
3224:Serbo-Byzantine
3219:Russo-Byzantine
3108:
3067:
2942:
2919:Islamic Persian
2855:
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2541:Griffin, Roger
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2095:
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2084:
2083:
2070:
2060:
2058:
2048:
2047:
2028:
2018:
2016:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1973:
1960:
1954:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1894:
1886:
1882:
1873:
1869:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1799:
1775:Garol Isakovich
1629:Emin Halid Onat
1477:
1433:Philip Hepworth
1280:PRIZAD Building
1219:Banovina Palace
1133:Leo Friedlander
1003:Victoria Palace
886:Eccles Building
571:Year completed
554:
546:Jeffersonianism
491:in Germany and
485:
471:(1961) and the
309:Casa del Fascio
186:Friedrich Gilly
166:
75:Victoria Palace
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
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11:
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7418:Poetic realism
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7407:
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7393:
7386:
7379:
7372:
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7351:
7348:Late modernity
7344:
7341:Late modernism
7337:
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7286:
7283:High modernism
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7227:Degenerate art
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5943:Ray (Satyajit)
5939:
5936:Ray (Nicholas)
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5083:
5071:
5059:
5047:
5035:
5028:The Waste Land
5023:
5011:
4999:
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4415:
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4394:
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4392:
4385:
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4356:
4349:
4342:
4339:Constructivism
4335:
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4276:
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4077:
4069:
4061:
4053:
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4037:
4029:
4021:
4013:
4005:
3997:
3992:Constructivism
3989:
3981:
3973:
3965:
3957:
3952:Prairie School
3949:
3941:
3932:
3930:
3925:
3922:
3921:
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3876:Prairie School
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3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
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3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3756:Constructivism
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3722:
3720:
3719:Alphabetically
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3437:
3432:
3427:
3425:Constructivism
3422:
3417:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3400:
3398:Prairie School
3395:
3390:
3385:
3379:
3377:
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2931:Pre-Romanesque
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2911:
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2861:1st millennium
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2719:
2718:External links
2716:
2715:
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2561:
2546:
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2397:
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2366:978-1421402703
2365:
2343:
2314:
2284:
2262:
2248:
2228:
2216:
2201:
2186:
2160:
2149:. June 9, 1985
2134:
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2004:
1997:
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1958:
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1892:
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1843:Stile Littorio
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1710:Ä°smail Utkular
1706:DoÄan ErginbaĆ
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1323:Houston, Texas
1320:
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1307:
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1301:
1298:
1289:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1260:Radomir Putnik
1245:
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1214:
1212:
1209:
1208:, Joseph Vago
1202:
1193:
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1177:
1174:
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1145:Barry Faulkner
1130:
1127:
1121:Francis Keally
1118:
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1102:
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1090:
1088:Ivan MeĆĄtroviÄ
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484:
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457:Philip Johnson
386:Giorgio Grassi
263:, designed by
165:
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26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
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2:
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7508:
7498:
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7496:Postmodernism
7491:
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7482:
7475:
7471:
7468:
7464:
7461:
7457:
7454:
7450:
7447:
7443:
7440:
7439:Metamodernism
7436:
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7429:
7426:
7422:
7419:
7415:
7412:
7408:
7405:
7404:New Hollywood
7401:
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7301:
7300:
7298:
7297:Impressionism
7294:
7291:
7287:
7284:
7280:
7277:
7273:
7270:
7266:
7263:
7259:
7256:
7252:
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7224:
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7128:
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7110:
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7104:
7098:
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7068:
7062:
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7056:
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7032:
7026:
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7014:
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6990:
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6156:
6153:
6149:
6146:
6142:
6139:
6135:
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6128:
6125:
6124:Hundertwasser
6121:
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5364:
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5322:
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4604:
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4534:
4530:
4527:
4523:
4520:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4501:Literary arts
4498:
4491:
4487:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:Neoplasticism
4439:
4436:
4432:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4413:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4405:Functionalism
4402:
4399:
4395:
4390:
4386:
4382:
4381:
4375:
4371:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:Expressionism
4357:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4336:
4333:
4332:Ashcan School
4329:
4325:
4324:
4318:
4314:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4293:
4289:
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4277:
4275:
4270:
4268:
4263:
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4259:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4217:
4214:
4209:
4208:New Classical
4206:
4201:
4198:
4193:
4190:
4185:
4182:
4177:
4174:
4169:
4166:
4161:
4158:
4153:
4152:Postmodernism
4150:
4145:
4142:
4137:
4136:Structuralism
4134:
4129:
4126:
4121:
4118:
4113:
4110:
4105:
4102:
4097:
4094:
4091:(1930sâ1950s)
4089:
4086:
4081:
4078:
4073:
4070:
4065:
4062:
4057:
4054:
4049:
4046:
4043:(1920sâ1970s)
4041:
4040:Functionalism
4038:
4033:
4030:
4027:(1920sâ1930s)
4025:
4022:
4017:
4014:
4009:
4006:
4001:
3998:
3993:
3990:
3985:
3982:
3977:
3974:
3969:
3966:
3961:
3960:Expressionism
3958:
3955:(1890sâ1920s)
3953:
3950:
3945:
3942:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3923:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3906:Structuralism
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3866:Postmodernism
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3841:New Classical
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3826:Monumentalism
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3786:Functionalism
3784:
3782:
3781:Expressionism
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
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3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3591:
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3582:
3580:
3579:New Classical
3577:
3575:
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3554:
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3549:
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3523:Structuralism
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3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3467:Functionalism
3465:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3403:Expressionism
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3374:
3366:
3363:
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3356:
3355:Liberty style
3353:
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3329:
3326:
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3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3288:Neo-Manueline
3286:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3261:Monumentalism
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3251:Mediterranean
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
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3211:
3210:
3207:
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3034:
3032:
3031:Romano-Gothic
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2832:Ancient Roman
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2173:wordpress.com
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2014:
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1823:Monumentalism
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1640:Mausoleum of
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1577:Jamuna Bhaban
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1268:Ćœivojin MiĆĄiÄ
1265:
1264:Petar BojoviÄ
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1112:Salem, Oregon
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922:Samuel Yellin
919:
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842:Brenda Putnam
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597:Peter Behrens
595:
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583:
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568:Architect(s)
567:
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558:
557:
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516:
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508:Roger Griffin
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438:Joseph Stalin
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340:Tudor Revival
337:
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265:Peter Behrens
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150:Fascist Italy
147:
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109:
105:
104:ornamentation
101:
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72:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
7494:
7487:
7234:Ecomodernism
7142:
7130:
7118:
7106:
7094:
7082:
7072:The Firebird
7070:
7058:
7046:
7034:
7022:
7010:
6429:
6419:Citizen Kane
6417:
6408:Fallingwater
6398:Villa Savoye
6385:
6373:
6361:
6349:
6337:
6327:Black Square
6325:
6313:
6301:
6289:
6277:
6265:
6253:
6145:Le Corbusier
6073:Architecture
5086:
5074:
5062:
5052:Mrs Dalloway
5050:
5038:
5026:
5014:
5002:
4990:
4875:Lowell (Amy)
4231:
4216:Contemporary
4168:Neo-futurism
4160:Blobitecture
4099:(1930sâ1970)
3967:
3900:
3831:Neo-Futurism
3761:Contemporary
3741:Blobitecture
3637:Mesoamerican
3584:Contemporary
3562:2000âpresent
3553:Neo-futurism
3533:Blobitecture
3486:
3360:Modern Style
3276:Neoclassical
3024:Indo-Islamic
2999:Great Seljuk
2984:Vijayanagara
2878:East Slavic
2792:Mesopotamian
2706:. Retrieved
2690:
2661:
2655:
2643:. Retrieved
2639:
2630:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2583:. Retrieved
2579:the original
2564:
2537:
2525:. Retrieved
2516:
2504:. Retrieved
2499:
2490:
2478:. Retrieved
2473:
2464:
2443:
2435:
2406:
2400:
2381:
2375:
2352:
2346:
2334:. Retrieved
2330:
2305:. Retrieved
2300:
2275:. Retrieved
2265:
2253:. Retrieved
2238:
2231:
2226:, p. 5.
2219:
2204:
2189:
2177:. Retrieved
2172:
2163:
2151:. Retrieved
2146:
2137:
2125:. Retrieved
2120:
2110:
2106:
2094:. Retrieved
2089:
2059:. Retrieved
2054:
2017:. Retrieved
2007:
1988:
1982:
1920:
1914:
1889:Gerdy Troost
1883:
1870:
1857:
1024:Duiliu Marcu
914:Sidney Waugh
844:, statue of
838:John Gregory
531:
523:
512:
505:
497:
486:
459:'s New York
453:World War II
449:Nazi Germany
446:
430:Adolf Hitler
413:totalitarian
410:
398:Albert Speer
379:
356:
321:
293:Zeppelinfeld
289:Albert Speer
281:Soviet Union
258:
235:Zeppelinfeld
231:Albert Speer
211:to straddle
208:
204:
202:
190:Peter Speeth
167:
146:Nazi Germany
137:
131:
124:
120:
108:totalitarian
92:
91:
87:Duiliu Marcu
40:
7489:Romanticism
7446:Remodernism
7327:Incoherents
7186:Avant-garde
7177:Armory Show
6784:Maeterlinck
6687:Villa-Lobos
6673:Szymanowski
6652:Stockhausen
6589:LutosĆawski
6307:(1909â1910)
5107:Visual arts
5080:(1928â1940)
4996:(1913â1927)
4519:Apollinaire
4483:Synchromism
4323:Art Nouveau
4131:(1953â1970)
4107:(1933â1969)
4083:(1933â1944)
4080:PWA Moderne
4067:(1910â1939)
4019:(1925â1950)
4011:(1922â1933)
4003:(1921â1929)
4000:Rondocubism
3995:(1920â1932)
3987:(1919â1933)
3979:(1917â1931)
3947:(1890â1910)
3944:Art Nouveau
3939:(1888â1911)
3911:Sustainable
3886:Rondocubism
3871:PWA Moderne
3731:Art Nouveau
3497:PWA Moderne
3383:Rationalism
3345:Art Nouveau
3333:Territorial
3313:Renaissance
3297:Queen Anne
3170:Elizabethan
3063:Plateresque
3058:Renaissance
3041:Sondergotik
2936:Carolingian
2882:Kievan Rus'
2640:www.gsa.gov
2585:December 6,
2527:December 6,
2506:December 6,
2480:December 6,
2423:|work=
2336:December 5,
2307:December 6,
2277:December 5,
2255:December 5,
2224:Bryant 2011
2127:December 6,
2096:December 6,
2061:December 6,
2019:December 5,
1975:Bryant 2011
1803:Boris Iofan
1784:Ho Chi Minh
1702:Feridun Kip
1200:Switzerland
926:Ezra Winter
727:J. S. Sirén
538:New Dealism
451:and end of
406:Paul Troost
371:PWA Moderne
361:during the
346:, the 1937
287:'s regime.
65:World War I
7520:Categories
7376:Maximalism
7311:Literature
6986:Wiesenthal
6888:Cunningham
6881:Balanchine
6861:Witkiewicz
6833:Strindberg
6819:Pirandello
6791:Mayakovsky
6666:Stravinsky
6638:Schoenberg
6450:Performing
6375:Metropolis
6166:Mendelsohn
5971:Rossellini
5964:Richardson
5775:Fassbinder
5761:Eisenstein
5698:Cassavetes
5454:Modigliani
5328:Goncharova
5314:Giacometti
4708:Dos Passos
4510:Literature
4469:Surrealism
4380:Die BrĂŒcke
4144:Metabolism
4056:Organicism
3936:Modernisme
3856:Organicism
3821:Modernisme
3811:Metabolism
3710:Genres of
3654:Portuguese
3528:Postmodern
3477:Organicism
3365:Modernisme
3350:Jugendstil
3209:Revivalism
3197:Industrial
3180:Portuguese
2954:Romanesque
2849:Achaemenid
2708:January 4,
2556:Patterson,
2391:1568330081
2249:1900639289
2208:Patterson,
1998:1579582435
1927:: 94â107.
1593:Bangladesh
1589:Chittagong
515:Adolf Loos
426:right-wing
417:democratic
394:Aldo Rossi
390:LĂ©on Krier
375:Greco Deco
305:spotlights
217:classicism
194:John Soane
176:, such as
112:democratic
97:classicist
36:Greco Deco
7425:Pulp noir
7383:Modernity
7248:Film noir
6972:St. Denis
6895:Diaghilev
6631:Schaeffer
6554:Hindemith
6526:Dutilleux
6498:Boulanger
6303:The Dance
5999:Tarkovsky
5992:Sternberg
5824:Hitchcock
5740:Dovzhenko
5656:Antonioni
5601:Stieglitz
5440:Metzinger
5391:Kokoschka
5370:Kandinsky
4784:Aldington
4777:Akhmatova
4694:Marinetti
4687:Mansfield
4638:Hemingway
4476:Symbolism
4295:Movements
4288:Modernism
4200:Neomodern
4176:High-tech
4128:New Khmer
4112:Brutalism
4088:Stalinist
3891:Stalinist
3846:New Khmer
3836:Neomodern
3801:High-tech
3751:Bowellism
3746:Brutalism
3615:Dravidian
3574:Neomodern
3538:High-tech
3518:Brutalism
3511:1950â2000
3455:Stalinist
3388:Mycenaean
3376:1900â1950
3214:Byzantine
3190:Ukrainian
3175:Naryshkin
3140:Edwardian
3113:1750â1900
3084:Palladian
3079:Manueline
3072:1500â1750
2947:1000â1500
2887:Muscovite
2874:Byzantine
2822:Classical
2810:Mycenaean
2787:Neolithic
2645:April 18,
2425:ignored (
2415:cite book
2179:April 18,
2153:April 18,
1949:164151091
1898:Citations
1693:Gallipoli
1608:Anıtkabir
1483:pictured)
1147:, murals
1015:Bucharest
625:Australia
565:Location
500:modernity
444:regimes.
442:Communist
301:Nuremberg
241:, in 1934
239:Nuremberg
213:modernism
127:modernism
79:Bucharest
7507:Category
7108:Fountain
7012:Don Juan
6951:Nijinsky
6847:Wedekind
6826:Piscator
6721:Anderson
6645:Scriabin
6561:Honegger
6215:Sullivan
6201:Saarinen
6194:Rietveld
6187:Niemeyer
6159:Melnikov
6089:Bunshaft
6020:Truffaut
5985:Sjöström
5929:Pudovkin
5901:Minnelli
5866:Kurosawa
5859:Kuleshov
5789:Flaherty
5615:Vuillard
5594:Steichen
5552:Rousseau
5517:Pissarro
5496:O'Keeffe
5461:Mondrian
5412:Malevich
5405:Magritte
5377:Kirchner
5321:van Gogh
5272:Doesburg
5251:Delaunay
5244:Delaunay
5167:BrĂąncuÈi
5153:Boccioni
5116:Painting
4966:Williams
4889:Mallarmé
4805:Cendrars
4715:Platonov
4673:Lawrence
4666:Koestler
4603:Flaubert
4596:Faulkner
4561:Bulgakov
4490:Tonalism
4451:De Stijl
4435:Lettrism
4421:Futurism
4312:Art Deco
4219:(2000sâ)
4211:(1990sâ)
4203:(1990sâ)
4195:(1980sâ)
4187:(1980sâ)
4179:(1970sâ)
4171:(1960sâ)
4163:(1960sâ)
4155:(1960sâ)
4120:Tropical
4064:Art Deco
4059:(1920sâ)
4051:(1920sâ)
4048:Futurism
4035:(1920sâ)
3976:De Stijl
3916:Tropical
3791:Futurism
3771:De Stijl
3726:Art Deco
3627:Japanese
3605:Colonial
3593:Regional
3543:Arcology
3482:Art Deco
3472:Futurism
3415:De Stijl
3318:Romanian
3236:Egyptian
3231:Colonial
3185:Siberian
2995:Islamic
2964:Ottonian
2959:Galician
2869:Sasanian
2837:Herodian
2817:Etruscan
1876:moldings
1797:See also
1292:Belgrade
1231:Novi Sad
718:Helsinki
621:Canberra
526:Futurism
503:future.
467:saw the
421:New Deal
273:Ulbricht
237:outside
205:de facto
138:futurism
32:Art Deco
30:For the
7162:Related
7024:Ubu Roi
6979:Tamiris
6965:Sokolow
6944:Massine
6812:Osborne
6805:O'Neill
6798:O'Casey
6756:Chekhov
6742:Beckett
6728:Anouilh
6712:Theatre
6659:Strauss
6617:Russolo
6596:Milhaud
6575:JanĂĄÄek
6547:GĂłrecki
6540:Feldman
6519:Debussy
6512:Copland
6470:Antheil
6208:Steiner
6131:Johnson
6110:Guimard
6103:Gropius
5950:Resnais
5852:Kubrick
5782:Fellini
5768:Epstein
5754:Edwards
5719:Cocteau
5705:Chaplin
5677:Bresson
5670:Bergman
5649:Aldrich
5642:Akerman
5587:Soutine
5559:Schiele
5510:Picasso
5503:Picabia
5433:Matisse
5307:Gauguin
5279:Duchamp
5237:Kooning
5216:Claudel
5209:Chirico
5202:Chagall
5195:CĂ©zanne
5188:Cassatt
5160:Bonnard
5146:Bellows
5139:Balthus
5016:Ulysses
4938:Stevens
4931:Seferis
4750:Unamuno
4589:Forster
4568:Chekhov
4533:Beckett
4462:Orphism
4428:Imagism
4412:Bauhaus
4398:Fauvism
4303:Acmeism
4147:(1959â)
4139:(1959â)
4123:(1958â)
4075:(1930s)
3984:Bauhaus
3971:(1913â)
3963:(1910â)
3736:Bauhaus
3664:Spanish
3659:Russian
3600:Chinese
3420:Bauhaus
3323:Russian
3301:Britain
3283:Moorish
3266:Baroque
3256:Mission
3202:British
3165:Petrine
3160:Maltese
3155:Italian
3145:English
3120:Baroque
3019:Ottoman
3014:Timurid
2979:Hoysala
2975:Indian
2914:Fatimid
2909:Abbasid
2904:Moorish
2899:Umayyad
2894:Islamic
2801:Aegean
2701:(MFA).
2682:Sources
2622:3525687
2559:, 2019.
2544:, 2018.
2214:, 2019.
2199:, 2019.
1770:Vietnam
1428:England
1248:Reliefs
1083:Croatia
1019:Romania
722:Finland
354:tower.
283:during
277:Fascist
209:méthode
83:Romania
7148:(1953)
7136:(1928)
7124:(1921)
7112:(1917)
7100:(1913)
7088:(1912)
7076:(1910)
7064:(1905)
7060:Salome
7052:(1902)
7040:(1899)
7028:(1896)
7016:(1888)
6993:Wigman
6923:Graham
6916:Fuller
6909:Fokine
6902:Duncan
6854:Wilder
6840:Toller
6777:Kaiser
6749:Brecht
6735:Artaud
6694:Webern
6680:VarĂšse
6610:Partch
6582:Ligeti
6505:Boulez
6477:BartĂłk
6435:(1943)
6423:(1941)
6411:(1936)
6401:(1931)
6391:(1929)
6379:(1927)
6367:(1925)
6355:(1923)
6343:(1920)
6331:(1915)
6319:(1912)
6295:(1907)
6283:(1889)
6271:(1887)
6259:(1886)
6236:Wright
6222:Tatlin
6180:Neutra
6082:Breuer
6048:Welles
6034:Vertov
5957:Renoir
5908:Murnau
5894:Marker
5887:Lupino
5845:Keaton
5831:Hubley
5817:Godard
5803:Fuller
5747:Dreyer
5726:Dassin
5684:Buñuel
5580:Sisley
5573:Signac
5566:Seurat
5538:Renoir
5356:Hopper
5258:Demuth
5181:Calder
5174:Braque
5125:Albers
5092:(1929)
5068:(1926)
5056:(1925)
5044:(1924)
5032:(1922)
5020:(1922)
5008:(1915)
4959:Valéry
4945:Thomas
4910:Pessoa
4854:George
4847:Elytis
4840:Ăluard
4826:Desnos
4798:Cavafy
4768:Poetry
4729:Proust
4722:Porter
4624:Hamsun
4582:Döblin
4575:Conrad
4547:Breton
4526:Barnes
4346:Cubism
4096:Googie
3928:decade
3796:Googie
3669:Somali
3649:Newari
3632:Korean
3610:Indian
3502:Googie
3408:Cubism
3393:Modern
3293:Pueblo
3271:Rococo
3241:Gothic
3150:French
3125:Andean
3099:Mughal
3036:Gothic
3009:Mamluk
2969:Norman
2805:Minoan
2668:
2620:
2452:
2388:
2363:
2246:
1995:
1953:Jstor
1947:
1939:
1697:Turkey
1624:Turkey
1620:Ankara
1296:Serbia
1270:, and
1235:Serbia
1196:Geneva
1079:Zagreb
930:murals
691:Poland
687:Warsaw
574:Notes
562:Image
489:Nazism
307:. The
285:Stalin
192:, Sir
61:plinth
7318:Post-
7304:Music
7003:Works
6958:Shawn
6937:Laban
6872:Dance
6770:Jarry
6763:Ibsen
6701:Weill
6624:Satie
6533:Falla
6491:Berio
6461:Music
6246:Works
6173:Nervi
6117:Horta
6096:GaudĂ
6055:Wiene
6027:Varda
6013:Trnka
5922:Pabst
5880:Losey
5838:Jones
5810:Gance
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5712:Clair
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5300:Ernst
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5230:Degas
4983:Works
4973:Yeats
4952:Tzara
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4917:Pound
4896:Moore
4868:Lorca
4861:Jacob
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4757:Woolf
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2618:JSTOR
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1937:JSTOR
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1499:Italy
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801:1932
768:1931
731:1931
698:1930
667:1930
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601:1913
559:Name
221:works
6930:Holm
6603:Nono
6568:Ives
6484:Berg
6452:arts
6229:Mies
6152:Loos
6138:Kahn
6062:Wood
6041:Vigo
6006:Tati
5978:Sirk
5873:Lang
5796:Ford
5633:Film
5622:Wood
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5426:Marc
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4540:Bely
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3642:Maya
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3104:Sikh
2710:2024
2666:ISBN
2647:2018
2587:2014
2529:2014
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