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is of relatively minor importance within fisheries, only entering commercial catch at major fishing ports north of Point
Conception. Usually filleted and often sold under the name of "sole." Not considered a very flavorful or texturely decent fish. The young and smaller individuals are more sought
434:
organisms as a food source during its younger stage of life. Feeding is usually done by waiting for the prey to settle to the floor or around eye level of the flounder and then make a quick lunge at the food drawing a mouthful of water also to help pull the prey in. As the fish develops more, they
421:
The primary habitat for this species is within mud, sand, or gravel bottoms from 0–375 m (1230 ft), but most commonly above 146 m (479 ft). They are usually found near shore and often enter brackish or even fresh water on occasion. Highly salinated water is something this fish
389:
The starry flounder has a multitude of well studied behaviors that are exhibited on a daily basis. At a normal resting position the dorsal and anal fins are angled so to prevent the body from resting upon the substrate, support being given by the fins, so as to create a cushion of water between the
375:
and a complete lack of an accessory dorsal branch is found within this species. This species relies heavily on its strong anal spine for swimming. This anal spine is used as the primary driver of locomotion while the fish is swimming through the open ocean. Through an up and down motion the fish
322:
Like all flounders, when they are young, starry flounders swim around like normal fish in a vertical position, but soon they begin to tilt to one side as they swim and eventually live lying on the sandy floor. As well as many other changes in body structure, the migration of one of the eyes to the
401:
are also capable of backwards locomotion, which is achieved with the same waving movement of the fins but the rowing motion progresses anteriorly. This movement is used as a method of escape or if it encounters an obstacle. When quick movements are needed from this fish, such as when feeding or
370:
The starry flounder has an oval shaped body with a slender, pointed head. Its eyed side is an olive to dark brown or almost black in some cases and the blind side is a white or creamy white color. This species has unpaired fins ranging from a white to yellow-orange complexion, with black bands
285:(thus both the common name and species epithet), resulting in a rough feel. The eyed side is black to dark brown, while the lower side is white or cream-colored. Although classed as "righteye flounders," individuals may have their
611:
Campana, S. E.; John D. Neilson (April 4, 2016). "Daily Growth
Increments in Otoliths of starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus) and the Influence of some Environmental Variables in their Production".
304:, with young found as much as 120 km inland. In marine environments, they occur as deep as 375 m. They glide over the bottom by rippling their dorsal and anal fins, feeding on a variety of
409:
is its ability to change its body coloration depending upon the substrate or environment that it is in. This process is done by changing pigment granule concentration in
390:
fish and the substrate. This is also for water to escape through an opening on the blind side, gill slit, of the fish and lessens the amount of effort needed to move.
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all the way to
Southern California. Within the Pacific Ocean they are located in Korea and Southern Japan through Bering Strait and Arctic Alaska to the
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and anal fins moving in a rowing motion that progresses caudally along the fish creating a waving movement of the fins, propelling the fish forward.
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running perpendicular to the fish. The posterior fin or caudal fin is slightly rounded. Lateral lines with a slight curve run over the
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other side of the head is one of the most crucial changes. Other changes include the loss of dark color on the under side.
217:
574:"Bottomfish Identification Guide: Starry Flounder (Platichthys stellatus) | Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife"
443:
and also worms. When the starry flounder reaches adulthood the primary stomach contents that has been found are clams.
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692:"Effects of Organic Contaminents on Reproduction of the Starry Flounder (Platichthys stellatus) in San Francisco Bay"
83:
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The distinctive features of the starry flounder include the combination of black and white-to-orange bar on the
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frightened, the pectoral fin is extended at a right angle from the body, and used as an additional paddle.
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Movement of this fish has been described to look much like crawling, with the first few rays of the
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on either the right or left side. They have been recorded at up to 91 cm and 9 kg.
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stays away from because of its inability to keep its cells from becoming hypersalinated.
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642:"Bottomfish Identification Guide: Starry Flounder (Platichthys stellatus)"
413:, which will the result in the shade variations seen within this species.
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The starry flounder has a relatively large home range, going from the
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598:"Platichthys stellatus, Starry flounder : Fisheries, gamefish"
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On the western side of the
Pacific they occur as far south as
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it's caught and mainly canned as a high class export item.
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The starry flounder before metamorphosis is dependent upon
319:, then as they metamorphose they shift to larger prey.
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after than the larger and heavier fish. Within the
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447:that are too large for ingestion often have their
539:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T19014407A19033777.en
405:Another key behavioral ability displayed by the
648:. Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife
292:Starry flounders are inshore fish, ranging up
8:
467:. They have also been prominently found in
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308:invertebrates. Larvae start out consuming
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38:
29:
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613:Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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281:modified into tiny star-shaped plates or
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350:of the U.S. as far as the mouth of the
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667:"Platichthys stellatus summary page"
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1007:IUCN Red List least concern species
525:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
277:, as well as the skin covered with
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1032:Fish of the Western United States
358:. They are an important game and
690:Spies, R.B.; Rice, D.W. (1988).
356:Santa Barbara County, California
262:found around the margins of the
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376:achieves a propelling effect.
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435:are able to feed upon small
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475:and Southern California.
380:Behavior and life history
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79:Scientific classification
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28:
23:
532:: e.T19014407A19033777.
479:Interactions with humans
1037:Fish described in 1787
334:, ranging through the
1027:Fish of North America
792:Platichthys_stellatus
778:Platichthys stellatus
748:Platichthys stellatus
518:Platichthys stellatus
246:), also known as the
244:Platichthys stellatus
224:Platichthys stellatus
188:Platichthys stellatus
514:NatureServe (2013).
439:, some larger fish,
362:across their range.
708:1988MarBi..98..181S
461:North Pacific Ocean
300:zone, to the first
256:long-nosed flounder
214:Platichthys rugosus
49:Conservation status
716:10.1007/BF00391193
488:In California the
484:Commercial Fishing
1022:Fish of East Asia
994:
993:
966:Open Tree of Life
740:Taxon identifiers
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170:P. stellatus
136:Pleuronectiformes
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352:Santa Ynez River
336:Aleutian Islands
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24:Starry flounder
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240:starry flounder
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16:Species of fish
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696:Marine Biology
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619:(7): 937–942.
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490:P. stellatus
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455:Distribution
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407:P. stellatus
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373:pectoral fin
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1012:Platichthys
927:NatureServe
865:iNaturalist
772:Wikispecies
646:wdfw.wa.gov
578:wdfw.wa.gov
545:19 November
317:crustaceans
252:emery wheel
157:Platichthys
1001:Categories
676:2016-03-21
652:2016-03-21
583:2016-04-04
501:References
495:Bering Sea
432:planktonic
366:Morphology
348:West Coast
310:planktonic
298:freshwater
248:grindstone
399:Flounders
360:food fish
294:estuaries
283:tubercles
275:anal fins
164:Species:
102:Kingdom:
96:Eukaryota
932:2.100452
909:19014407
883:11119326
839:FishBase
757:Wikidata
724:53318650
671:FishBase
385:Behavior
260:flatfish
205:Synonyms
142:Family:
116:Chordata
112:Phylum:
106:Animalia
92:Domain:
69:IUCN 3.1
857:2409327
763:Q166833
704:Bibcode
451:eaten.
449:siphons
417:Ecology
306:benthic
302:riffles
230:, 1787)
220:, 1854)
198:, 1787)
152:Genus:
132:Order:
122:Class:
67: (
984:154781
971:296735
958:154781
945:195632
896:172893
831:124485
722:
469:Canada
395:dorsal
344:Canada
340:Alaska
279:scales
271:dorsal
228:Pallas
218:Girard
196:Pallas
979:WoRMS
916:NAS:
878:IRMNG
870:83170
826:EUNIS
818:4JNBT
805:33910
720:S2CID
445:Clams
437:clams
332:Korea
328:Japan
313:algae
953:OBIS
940:NCBI
904:IUCN
891:ITIS
852:GBIF
844:4249
800:BOLD
547:2021
530:2013
426:Diet
330:and
315:and
287:eyes
273:and
254:and
238:The
919:842
813:CoL
787:ADW
712:doi
621:doi
534:doi
354:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
