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264:, and Campbelltown, in the south-west. The rapid growth of Parramatta as a commercial centre would require, in the words of the Plan, "boldness, imagination, vigorous action and the utmost co-operation" between landholders, developers, local and state government. Campbelltown was allocated space for a university, which later became part of the
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and failed to anticipate the falling number of people per household, meaning that the footprint earmarked for five million people by 2000 ended up accommodating only four million. While
Chatswood and Parramatta developed into fully-fledged city centres, Campbelltown did not attract the same degree of
56:
Although the SROP was replaced long before its 30-year time horizon, and many of its ideas were never put into practice, according to veteran planner Bob Meyer, "the shape of Sydney today is exactly as planned" in 1968. By focusing development on growth corridors along the rail network, the plan "has
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The SROP required that major commercial and retail developments be sited on the existing railway network, preventing the development of car-dependent standalone shopping malls on the urban fringe. Though initially resisted by the retail sector, this requirement eventually succeeded in integrating
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the watchword had been 'populate or perish' – but by the middle of the 1970s such sentiments could no longer secure support for major projects. The planners delivering the SROP faced criticism on cost, heritage, environmental and social-policy grounds. The troubled Mount Druitt and
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government responded in 1974, merging the SPA with the
Department of Environment to form a new Planning and Environment Commission, forerunner of today's Department of Planning. The SROP was effectively torn up in 1977, when the
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public housing estates, the contentious demolition of older inner-city homes to build expressways, a deteriorating economy and a more febrile political atmosphere combined to force a rethink of the city's approach to growth.
94:, which saw the scheme as a costly impediment to postwar growth. The county council – controlled by representatives of the city's many local councils – was abolished in 1963 and replaced with a new State Planning Authority.
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They were joined by the nominee of a panel on which architects, engineers, surveyors and town planners were represented. Membership was enlarged in 1972 to include additional ministerial and departmental nominees.
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To reduce congestion, the Plan called for new city centres across the metropolitan area, each with its own distinct identity and the full range of inner-city amenities. Two centres were given special prominence:
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The
Cumberland planners had correctly anticipated the growth of both demand for low-density suburban living and private motor vehicles by setting aside new residential growth areas and corridors for future
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several kilometres wide, a proposal which did not enjoy widespread support from green belt landowners or State government departments. The green belt was formally abandoned in 1960 under pressure from the
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of freight, the emergence of new industries and the growth of air travel. Reflecting the fashion of its time, the
Cumberland scheme sought to encircle the Sydney of 1948 with a
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The plan identified new corridors for development along the main western and southern railway lines. In the longer term, it recommended investigation of new suburbs along the
53:. Whereas the Cumberland scheme echoed contemporary plans for London, the SROP adopted a Scandinavian model of town centres arranged along existing railway corridors.
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allowed Sydney to reach a population of 4.5 million people and achieve the highest use of public transport of any
Australian city." According to the
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government cancelled a slew of major projects and began selling off infrastructure reservations in return for political support from the powerful
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a "rapid transit" train system between
Penrith, Parramatta and the CBD, with faster, lighter rolling stock running on dedicated tracks.
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establish commuter car parks and bus–rail interchanges, and reorient the bus network to feed passengers onto trains
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phasing of development to maximise the use of existing infrastructure before opening up new areas to subdivision
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The SROP called for development along the Main South railway line and a major new centre at
Campbelltown.
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In addition to dedicated utilities corridors, the plan contained an ambitious infrastructure agenda:
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The SPA explicitly abandoned the
Cumberland scheme's green belt and satellite cities, and devised a
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Yet much of what the SROP envisaged came to fruition, including much of the motorway network,
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create new commercial areas in the suburbs to balance employment across the metropolitan area.
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responding to increased trade and containerisation by shifting more port facilities out of
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remains to this day.) The planned expressway network, too, was retained and expanded.
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released by the State
Planning Authority in March 1968. The SROP superseded the 1948
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new city centres, each with their own identity, within the larger metropolitan area
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Digitised 1968 Sydney Region
Outline Plan: 1970-2000 A.D - City of Sydney Archives
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set the basic blueprint for metropolitan corridor development in evidence today."
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movement. A review of metropolitan planning followed in 1980, and a new scheme,
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The plan guided the release of land on the city's suburban fringe for 20 years.
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The green belt survived, in much reduced form, as linear parkland from the
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a 'grid' of highways to reduce the dominance – and congestion – of the
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develop Sydney, Newcastle and Wollongong as "one linear urban complex"
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Sydney region outline plan 1970–2000 A.D.: a strategy for development
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county councils, and absorbed the town planning functions of the
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Commencing operations on 19 December 1963, the SPA replaced the
565:"Sydney over the next 20 years – discussion paper submission"
45:) was a land use and infrastructure scheme for metropolitan
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Initially, the SPA's governing body included nominees of:
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Cox Richardson Architects & Planners (June 2012).
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In April 1974, the Government merged the SPA with the
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new university campuses at Campbelltown and Penrith
271:Other city centres the plan sought to foster were:
193:extend the city along the linear railway corridors
422:railway line from the CBD to the Eastern Suburbs
395:a new international airport in the vicinity of
340:, at Appin in the Southern Highlands, in the
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581:Paul Ashton and Robert Freestone (2008).
187:Sydney Region Outline Plan 1970–2000 A.D.
602:Australian cities: continuity and change
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510:In retrospect, the SROP underestimated
209:reserve multi-purpose utility corridors
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681:Clennell, Andrew (23 February 2012).
635:"Planning and Environment Commission"
604:. Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
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189:with reference to seven principles:
51:County of Cumberland planning scheme
388:, including additional land on the
175:Planning and Environment Commission
260:, in the geographic centre of the
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702:"Missing strategy a 'black hole'"
683:"Future stuck in a political jam"
662:State Planning Authority (1968).
300:area" once the area was developed
115:State Planning Authority Act 1963
750:1968 establishments in Australia
198:Sydney central business district
158:the Local Government Association
69:Failure of the Cumberland scheme
700:Davies, Anne (6 January 2003).
620:Future Sydney: a city of cities
127:Department of Local Government
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668:Government of New South Wales
589:. Dictionary of Sydney Trust.
481:Sydney into Its Third Century
434:for the harbour ferry network
426:University of New South Wales
493:University of Western Sydney
266:University of Western Sydney
745:Urban planning in Australia
378:, to the northern shore of
368:350 miles of new expressway
148:Commissioner for Main Roads
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543:"State Planning Authority"
63:Sydney Region Outline Plan
39:Sydney Region Outline Plan
706:The Sydney Morning Herald
633:State Records Authority.
541:State Records Authority.
484:, was published in 1988.
328:malls with town centres.
171:Department of Environment
489:Western Sydney Parklands
104:State Planning Authority
98:State Planning Authority
18:State Planning Authority
600:Forster, Clive (1999).
404:East Hills railway line
161:the Shires Association.
292:a future site in the "
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113:established under the
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505:Second Sydney Airport
424:, terminating at the
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587:Dictionary of Sydney
501:rapid transit trains
430:acquisition of more
410:to connect with the
338:Richmond branch line
288:western railway line
223:reservation west of
59:Dictionary of Sydney
755:Transport in Sydney
687:The Daily Telegraph
618:Meyer, Bob (2006).
515:commercial growth.
181:Planning principles
323:in the south-west.
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380:Port Botany
348:areas, the
332:New suburbs
308:North Shore
76:expressways
765:Parramatta
739:Categories
666:. Sydney:
583:"Planning"
519:References
476:Green bans
432:hydrofoils
408:East Hills
354:Holsworthy
294:Rouse Hill
258:Parramatta
233:Broken Bay
119:Cumberland
87:green belt
416:Glenfield
392:Peninsula
304:Chatswood
276:Blacktown
227:south of
138:Transport
711:8 August
640:9 August
548:8 August
298:Maraylya
390:Kurnell
342:Gosford
284:Penrith
61:, the "
503:and a
491:, the
449:Since
445:Legacy
420:a new
317:Camden
111:agency
568:(PDF)
472:Labor
464:Askin
406:from
397:Wyong
346:Wyong
321:Appin
200:(CBD)
713:2015
642:2015
550:2015
469:Wran
462:The
352:and
344:and
319:and
310:and
282:and
152:the
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140:and
121:and
102:The
43:SROP
37:The
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41:(
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