Stefan Dušan - Knowledge

1246: 1380: 1787: 1050:. Once Dušan conquered Byzantine possessions in western regions, he sought to obtain Constantinople. To acquire the city, he needed a fleet. Knowing that fleets of southern Serbian Dalmatian towns were not strong enough to overcome Constantinople, he opened negotiations with Venice, with which he maintained fairly good relations. Venice feared a reduction of privileges in the Empire if Serbs became the masters of Constantinople over the weakened Byzantines. But if the Venetians had allied with Serbia, Dušan would have examined existing privileges. Once he became master of all Byzantine lands (especially Thessalonika and Constantinople) the Venetians would have gained privileges. But Venice chose to avoid a military alliance. While Dušan sought Venetian aid against Byzantium, the Venetians sought Serbian support in the struggle against the Hungarians over Dalmatia. When sensing that Serbian aid would result in a Venetian obligation to Serbia, Venice politely turned down Dušan's offers of help. 1144: 1616:, leaving empty villages behind, which were then taken by Slavic settlers. By allowing the Greeks to retain much of the landed property they held under the existing laws prior to Dušan's conquest, Dušan was able to maintain order in the Greek territories and gain the loyalty of its inhabitants. In conquered Greek towns, local Greeks were given official administrative positions to better manage the settlement without upsetting the local populace, but a Serb governor would preside over the administration and command over a Serb garrison to ensure that the locals could not resist Dušan's orders. As such, existing Byzantine laws continued to exist in the Greek territories, supplemented by specific edicts or charters issued by Dušan himself. Similarly, Dušan did not transform the Serbian and Albanian territories under his control by introducing a Byzantine administrative system. 531: 807: 1719: 55: 1928: 609: 1625: 640: 1245: 1636: 382: 1570: 1871:. According to Steven Runciman, he was "perhaps the most powerful ruler in Europe" during the 14th century. His state was a rival to the regional powers of Byzantium and Hungary, and it encompassed a large territory, which would also be his empire's greatest weakness. By nature a soldier and a conqueror, Dušan also proved to be very able but nonetheless feared ruler. His empire however, slowly crumbled at the hands of his son, as regional aristocrats distanced from the central rule. 1403:, an endowment of his father, were generously looked after. The monastery was built for eight years and it is certain that the Emperor's role in the building process was huge. Between 1337 and 1339, the emperor became ill, and he gave his word that if he survived, he would build a church and monastery in Jerusalem. At the time, there was one Serbian monastery in Jerusalem, dedicated to Archangel Michael (believed to be founded by King Milutin), and a number of Serbian monks at the 828: 600: 1106: 2022: 1054: 1467: 1730: 440:, claimed the throne. Konstantin refused to submit to Dečanski, who then invaded Zeta, defeating and killing Konstantin. Dečanski was crowned king on 6 January 1322 by Nicodemus, and his son, Stefan Dušan, was crowned "young king". Dečanski later granted Zeta to Dušan, indicating him as the intended heir. Since April 1326 Dušan appears in written sources as the "young king" and ruler in Zeta and 1447: 1319: 722: 1225:(bubonic plague) in 1348, and Jelena sought to maintain the rule of the cities for herself and her son. She was challenged by Hungary and Venice, so the dispatch of Serbian troops to western Hum and Croatia may have been for her aid, as operations in this region were unlikely to help Dušan conquer Hum. If Dušan had intended to aid Jelena, rising trouble in the East precluded this. 4693: 2616:. Volume I: "Powerful Byzantium started to decline, and young Serbian King Stephan Dushan, Stephan of Dechani's son, wanted, by getting crowned in 1331, to replace weakened Byzantium with the powerful Serbian-Greek Empire. By proclaiming himself emperor of the Serbs and Greeks, Dushan showed that he aspired to a legitimate rule over the subjects of the Byzantine Empire". 1379: 1085:. Veria was the richest town in the Bottiaea region. Dušan had earlier replaced many Greeks with Serbs, including a Serb garrison. However, the remaining locals were able to open the gates for Kantakouzenos in 1350. Voden resisted Kantakouzenos but was taken by assault. Kantakouzenos then marched toward Thessaly but was stopped at 1786: 1258:

diplomatic action to improve relations with papacy while Serbia was endangered by Hungary. Dušan successfully repelled Hungarian invasion, preserving or even extending his original borders in the north. When Hungarians retreated from Serbia, he did not continue the correspondence with the pope. Peace with

767:, which he could not besiege due to his small fleet. There has been speculation that Dušan's ultimate goal was no less than to conquer Constantinople and replace the declining Byzantine Empire with a united Orthodox Greco-Serbian Empire under his control. In May 1344, his commander Preljub was stopped at 1896:

at the time and most of the western historians drew their information on the Slavs from it. Early Serbian historians, even though they wrote according to the sources, were influenced by the ideas of the time they lived in. They made efforts to harmonize with two different traditions: one from brevets

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In 1323, war broke out between Dečanski and Vladislav. Rudnik had fallen to Dečanski by the end of 1323, and Vladislav appeared to have fled north. Vladislav was defeated in battle in late 1324 and fled to Hungary, leaving the Serbian throne to Dečanski as undisputed "king of All Serbian and Maritime

459:. Vladislav proclaimed himself king, and he was supported by the Hungarians, consolidating control over his lands and preparing for battle with Dečanski. As was the case with their fathers, Serbia was divided by the two independent rulers; in 1322 and 1323 Ragusan merchants freely visited both lands. 1652:

in the early 13th century, in which he added a Church canon law code that covered many matters of civil and family law. Aside from these standard laws, Serbian rulers could also issue edicts for a specific region or the nation as a whole, or grant charters and privileges to monasteries, noblemen, or

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in 1375. There is no evidence of an existing cult of Emperor Dušan in the decades after his death. Dušan's charter to Ragusa (Dubrovnik) served as a statute in the future trade between Serbia and Ragusa, and its regulations were deemed inviolable. Emperor Dušan's legacy was esteemed in Ragusa. Later

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was concluded in May of 1355. Dušan had grand intentions to capture Constantinople, and to place himself at the head of a grand crusading army to drive the Muslim Turks from Europe. His premature death created a large power vacuum in the Balkans, that ultimately enabled Turkish invasion and Turkish

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Dečanski's decision not to attack the Byzantines after the victory at Velbazhd, when he had an opportunity, resulted in the alienation of many nobles, who sought to expand to the south. By January or February 1331, Dušan was quarreling with his father, perhaps pressured by the nobility. According to

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in 1331, became leader of all mercenaries in the Serbian army. The main strength of the Serbian army were their heavy cavalry, feared for their ferocious charge and staying power. The imperial army of Stefan Dušan was built on existing military administration of Byzantium. Although Vlach cavalry of

1170:. The Bosnian Ban avoided any major confrontation and did not meet Dušan in battle; he instead retired to the mountains and made small hit-and-run actions. Most of Bosnia's fortresses held out, but some nobles submitted to Dušan. The Serbs ravaged much of the countryside. With one army they reached 1061:

While Dušan launched the Bosnian campaign (absent the Serbian troops in Macedonia and Thessaly), Kantakouzenos tried to regain lands Byzantium had lost. In his support, the Constantinopolitan patriarch Kallistos excommunicated Dušan to discourage the Greek population in Dušan's Greek provinces from

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Serbia made some raids into the Macedonia region in late 1331, but a planned major attack on Byzantium was delayed as Dušan had to suppress revolts in Zeta in 1332. Dušan's ingratitude toward those who had aided his rise – the Zetan nobility may have been neglected their promised reward and greater

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In 1354 Dušan was attacked by Hungarians. They occupied part of northern Serbia. At this point Dušan began corresponding with the pope, stating that he was ready to recognize papal supremacy. Since there is no other evidence that Dušan was seriously attracted to Catholicism, this was most likely a

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Contemporary writers described Dušan as unusually tall and strong, "the tallest man of his time", very handsome, and a rare leader full of dynamism, quick intelligence, and strength, bearing "a kingly presence". According to contemporary depictions, he had dark hair and brown eyes; in adult age he

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Dušan's empire was multinational, with the three most important groups being Serbs, Greeks and Albanians. Different laws applied in the Serbian and Greek territories under Dušan's control, but the Albanians were largely left to manage their lands under the leadership of their chiefs. His policies

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Dušan Code proclaims on subjects both secular and ecclesiastic, the more so because Serbia had recently achieved full ecclesiastic autonomy as an independent Orthodox Church under a Patriarchate. The first 38 clauses relate to the church and they deal with issues that the Medieval Serbian Church

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and sought Dušan's help. In spring of 1334 Serbs launched an attack on Byzantine Macedonia, benefiting greatly due to Syrgiannes' strategic abilities, knowledge of Byzantine position and his allies that surrendered fortresses to Serbs. Peace with Byzantines was concluded on 26. August 1334, with

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Dušan appointed Serbs to the highest military and civil positions within the empire for a number of reasons; not only did it allow him to maintain order by having loyal subjects hold positions of power, but it also appeased the Serb nobility, which demanded rewards such as land and positions of

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For the purposes of Dušan Code, a wealth of charters were published, and some great foreign works of law were translated to Serbian; however, the third section of the Code was new and distinctively Serbian, albeit with Byzantine influence and attention to a long legal tradition in Serbia. Dušan

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In 1350, Dušan attacked Bosnia, seeking to regain the previously lost land of Hum and stop raids on his tributaries at Konavle. Venice sought a settlement between the two but failed. In October he invaded Hum, with an army said to be of 80,000 men, and successfully occupied part of the disputed

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as the "father of all Christians" and to solidify a union between the Catholic and Serbian Orthodox Church, in exchange for supporting Dušan in his plans for a military crusade against the Turks. Dušan's plans were welcomed, however such plans never materialized due to his death in 1355.

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In his codex, Dušan accentuates his role as a protector of Christianity and points out the independence of the church. From the codex we can also see care that the parishes are equally arranged both in cities and villages. He was also taking care of few churches and monasteries from

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After the restoration of Serbia in the 19th century, continuity with the Serbian Middle Ages was accentuated, particularly of its greatest moment – during Emperor Dušan. A political agenda, as with a restoration of his Empire, would find its place in the political programmes of the

1692:, until its annexation by the Ottoman Empire in 1459. The Code was used as a reference for Serbian communities under Turkish rule, which exercised considerable legal autonomy in civil cases. The Code was also used in the Serbian autonomical areas under the Republic of Venice, like 1777:

The Serbian expansion in the former territory of Byzantine Empire proceeded without a single major battle, as it was based on besieging Greek fortifications. The army that Dušan used to conquer northern Greece consisted primarily of Albanians; German mercenaries were also used.

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Preljub and his army of 500 men. The Byzantine force retired to Veria, and the aiding Turk contingent went off plundering, reaching Skopje. Once news of the Byzantine campaign reached Dušan in Hum, he quickly reassembled his forces from Bosnia and Hum and marched for Thessaly.

1961:, Dušan was negotiating a potential alliance with Orhan, which would have involved marrying off his daughter to Orhan himself or one of Orhan's sons in 1351 with the aim of signing a truce between their kingdoms. However, after the Serbian emissaries were attacked by 559:. A brief period of anarchy took place in parts of Serbia before father and son concluded peace in April 1331. Three months later, Dečanski ordered Dušan to meet him. Dušan feared for his life and his advisors persuaded him to resist, so Dušan marched from Skadar to 2687:

In 1343, King Stephen Dušan issued a charter to the fortified city of Krujë. The original charter was written in Greek. It has been preserved in Latin translation in an attestation of the King of Aragon Alphonse V (1457). Dušan here calls himself "crales Bugarorum"

702:, Siderokastron, Chermen and Prosek. Hungarians, knowing of Dušan's involvement in the south, were mobilizing to attack Serbia from the north. Hungarians, not expecting any serious Serbian resistance penetrated deep into Serbia, reaching neighborhood of 1556:, mercenaries, guests etc.). In the central parts, Saxons were in areas active in mining and trading. Serbia under Dušan claimed its identity through Orthodoxy, and opposition to Catholicism. Catholics were persecuted, especially Catholic Albanians. 2266:, p. 336: Dušan is considered one of the greatest of medieval Balkan conquerors, for he doubled Serbia's size, scquiring the parts of Macedonia his predessors had not annexed, Albania, Thessaly, Epirus, and most of the Chalcidic peninsula. 930:

lands. A further increase in the Byzantinization of the Serbian court followed, particularly in court ceremonial and titles. As Emperor, Dušan could grant titles only possible as an Emperor. In the years that followed, Dušan's half-brother

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Nicol (1993), p. 121: "The resulting assimilation of Byzantine culture by the Serbians helped to fortify the ideal of a Slavo-Byzantine Empire, which came to dominate the mind of Milutin's grandson, Stephen Dusan, later in the fourteenth

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in March 1331, however Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria was aware of future danger from Serbia and immediately sought peace with Dušan. Two rulers concluded peace and formed an alliance, sealed with Dušan's marriage to Ivan Alexander's sister

1418:, in which he was originally buried. Dušan gave many possessions to this monastery, including the forest of Prizren which was supposed to be a special property of the monastery where all precious goods and relics were to be stored. 1700:. Dušan Code is the first recorded code of Serbian public law, and Dušan hoped that its introduction would bring uniformity in Serbian territories, which were the only portions of his empire where the code actually applied. 1661:

explained the purpose of his Code in one of in his charters; he intimated that its aims were spiritual and that the code would help his people to save themselves for the afterlife. The Code was proclaimed on 21 May 1349. in

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His empire was multinational, above all Serbian, Greek and Albanian; different laws applied in his Serbian and Greek lands while the Albanians were largely left under their chiefs to manage their lands according to their

1810:; thus he ruled as "King of Zeta". In 1331 he succeeded his father as "King of all Serbian and Maritime Lands". In 1343 his title was "King of Serbia, Greeks, Albania and the coast". In 1345 he began calling himself 1143: 1647:

In Serbia itself, Dušan had initially retained the existing tax system and legal structure. Prior to Dušan's reign, the Serbian state had functioned under its customary law. This customary law was supplemented by

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became Patriarch. Bishoprics (Eparchies) were raised to Metropolitanates, and new territories of the Ochrid Archbishopric and Ecumenical Constantinople were added to the jurisdiction of the Serbian church. The

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supporting the Serbian administration and thereby assist the Kantakouzenos campaign. The excommunication did not stop Dušan's relations with Mount Athos, which still addressed him as Emperor, though rather as

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soon changed, and the laws against the Albanians became harsher with Albanian Catholics being forcibly converted into Orthodoxy and their churches were converted as well, while some of them migrated towards

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Much like his ancestors, Emperor Dušan was very active in renovating churches and monasteries, and also for founding new ones. First, he cared for the monasteries in which his parents were buried. Both the

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contemporary pro-Dušan sources, advisors turned Dečanski against his son, and he decided to seize and exclude Dušan from his inheritance. Dečanski sent an army into Zeta against his son; the army ravaged

1901:(1726–1801), who wrote fifty pages about Dušan's life. Rajić's work had great influence on Serbian culture of that time, and for decades it was the main source of information about Serbian history. 1198:, where they left garrisons and entered Hum. From this position of strength, Dušan tried to negotiate peace with the Ban, sealing it by the marriage of Dušan's son Uroš with Stephen's daughter 1737:

Serbian tactics favored wedge shaped heavy cavalry attacks with horse archers on the flanks. Many foreign mercenaries were in the Serbian army in the 14th century, mostly German knights and

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and the rest of Bosnia. Petar Toljenović, the Lord of "seaside Hum" and a distant relative of Dušan, sparked a rebellion against the new ruler, but he was soon captured and died in prison.

710:. Dušan marched north to face Hungarians. Hungarians quickly withdrew their armies to avoid Dušan's army. Charles I was wounded by an arrow but survived. As a result, the Hungarians lost 1517:. As of November 1345, Athonite monks accept his supreme rule, and Dušan guaranteed autonomy, also giving a row of economic privileges, with tremendous gifts and endowments. The monks of 786:, equivalent of Emperor, as attested in charters to two athonite monasteries, one from November 1345 and the other from January 1346, and around Christmas 1345 at a council meeting in 2224:, pp. 335–336:.. the Sixteenth-century Serbian Tronoški Chronicle, reports that Dušan died at his court at Prizren. The death site of Prizren is also given in some of the epics. 1097:

When Stefan Dušan reached Macedonia Byzantine forces withrew to Thrace. Dušan retook Voden after short siege, soon retaking Veria and other territories that Kantakouzenos had taken.

748:. Dušan and Ivan Alexander picked opposite sides in the conflict but remained at peace with each other, taking advantage of the Byzantine civil war to secure gains for themselves. 771:

of 3,100. The Turks won the battle, but the victory was not enough to thwart the Serbian conquest of Macedonia. Faced with Dušan's aggression, the Byzantines sought allies in the

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In 1343, Dušan added "of Romans (Greeks)" to his self-styled title "King of Serbia, Albania and the coast". In another instance, in a charter issued to the fortified city of

530: 5352: 5397: 1162:, Dušan had secretly been in contact with various Bosnian nobles, offering them bribes for support. Many nobles, chiefly of Hum, were ready to betray the Ban, such as the 1286:

could not keep the integrity of the Empire intact for long, as several feudal families immensely increased their power, though nominally acknowledging Uroš V as Emperor.

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Sindik, I. (1951) Dušanovo zakonodavstvo u Paštrovićima i Grblju. u: Zbornik u čast šeste stogodišnjice Zakonika cara Dušana, Beograd: Srpska akademija nauka, I, 119–182

4513: 1608:, his claim as Eastern Roman (Byzantine) successor is clear. He also gave Byzantine court titles to his nobility, something that would continue into the 16th century. 1290:, Dušan's half-brother, had proclaimed himself Emperor after the death of Dušan, ruling a large area of Thessaly and Epirus, which he had received from Dušan earlier. 5186: 3422:Група аутора, "Родословне таблице и грбови српских династија и властеле (према таблицама Алексе Ивића)" (друго знатно допуњено и проширено издање), Београд, 1991. 302:

Dušan conquered a large part of southeast Europe, becoming one of the most powerful monarchs of the era. Under Dušan's rule, Serbia was the most powerful state in

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The original manuscript of Dušan Code does not survive. The Code continued as a de facto constitution under the rule of Dušan's son, Stefan Uroš V, and after the

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to have him blinded, though he was never totally blinded. Dečanski wrote to Danilo, the bishop of Hum, asking him to intervene with his father. Danilo wrote to

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The aim of restoring Serbia as an Empire it once was, was one of the greatest ideals of Serbs, living both in the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian lands. In 1526,

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in 1368, which resulted that the areas under his rule were restored to Constantinople. The final initiative for reconciliation between the churches came from

448:, in recent works, some Serbian historians write that Dusan was 14 years old probably in March, or April 1326, and that he was born in 1312, not around 1308. 5387: 882: 2302: 1640: 5382: 5372: 4030: 3439: 650:

The struggle between Dušan and Stefan Dečanski prevented Serbian intervention in Bulgaria on behalf of Anna and Ivan Stephen and they were overthrown by

1950:, who succeeded his father as Emperor, r. 1355–1371. Dušan and Helena also had a daughter, Theodora, who in 1351, at twelve, married the Ottoman Sultan 1681:. Dušan Code originally dealt with criminal law, with heavy emphasis on the concept of lawfulness, which was mostly taken directly from Byzantine law. 2946:

Interaction and Isolation in Late Byzantine Culture: Papers Read at a Colloquium Held at the Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul, 1–5 December 1999

1507: 995: 806: 4047: 659:. Good relations with Bulgaria continued during Dušan's reign and though Bulgaria was weaker then Serbia, it did not suffer any legal dependence. 4518: 4498: 4479: 5337: 5332: 4523: 4508: 1003: 563:, where he besieged his father. Dečanski fled, and Dušan captured the treasury and family. He then pursued his father, catching up with him at 4941: 4916: 4906: 3906: 3841: 3630: 3606: 3391: 3353: 3320: 3293: 3092: 1943: 1932: 656: 200: 2163: 733: 436:

Milutin became ill and died on 29 October 1321, and Konstantin was crowned king. Civil war erupted immediately, as Dečanski and his cousin,

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faced, while the next 25 clauses relate to the nobility. Civil law is largely excluded, since it was covered in earlier documents, namely

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in 1335. Dušan then focused his attention on the internal affairs of his country, writing, in 1349, the first statute book of the Serbs.

507:. He was interested in the arts of war; in his youth he fought exceptionally in two battles, defeating Bosnian forces in 1329 during the 5357: 4936: 1704:

authority. This extended to the Church, in which Serbs were appointed to the highest episcopal positions, thereby replacing the Greeks.

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Some historians consider that the goal of Emperor Dušan was to establish a new, Serbian-Greek Empire, replacing the Byzantine Empire.

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Dušan began campaigning against the Byzantine Empire in 1333. In late 1333, a leading Byzantine general Syrgiannes revolted against

567:. On 21 August 1331 Dečanski surrendered, and on the advice or insistence of Dušan's advisors, he was imprisoned. Dušan was crowned 4596: 4380: 4192: 1892:(l. ca. 1550–1614), saw Emperor Dušan's actions and works positively. The book served as the primary source about early history of 417:, who spoke with Milutin and persuaded him to recall his son. In 1320 Dečanski was permitted to return to Serbia and was given the 5367: 1485:

Dušan rejected Constantinople's claims to authority over the Serbian Orthodox Church and contemplated a religious union with the

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merchant and miner communities. Dušan eventually decided to introduce a more general code, culminating in the introduction of

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With the raising of the Serbian Archbishopric to a Patriarchate, serious changes in the organization of the church followed.

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in 1353 or 1354. The authors of the code are not known, but they were probably members of the court who specialised in law.

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folk tradition in Serbia included various attitudes toward Dušan, mostly negative, made under the influence of the church.

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on 6 January 1322 but he was too young to really rule with his father 1322. and later in April 1326 Dušan appears as the

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and public documents and other from genealogies and narrative writings. Of early historians, most information came from

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to Serbs. Dušan, a contemporary of England's Edward III, is regarded with the same reverence as the Bulgarians feel for

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Dijana Pinjuh, Vjerske Prilike Kod Katolika u Hercegovini (Od Turskog Osvajanja Do Konca 17. Stoljeća, Zagreb, 2013.

2173: 1814:, Emperor, and in 1345 he proclaimed himself "Emperor of Serbs and Eastern Romans". On 16 April 1346 he was crowned 5392: 4320: 3724:

The Career and Writings of Demetrius Kydones A Study of Fourteenth-Century Byzantine Politics, Religion and Society

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His son, Stefan Uroš V, did not make peace with the Constantinopolitan Patriarch. The first initiative was made by

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Dušan evidently wanted to expand his rule over the provinces that had earlier been in the hands of Serbia, such as

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The Serbian Patriarchate took over sovereignty on Mt. Athos and the Greek eparchies under the jurisdiction of the

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Dušan's systematic offensive began in 1342, and in the end he conquered all Byzantine territories in the western

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from 16 April 1346 until his death in 1355. Dušan is considered one of the greatest medieval Balkan conquerors.

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After Dušan's sudden death in 1355, the empire began to weaken. With the death of Dušan's successor, emperor

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influence – may have been the cause of the rebellion, which was suppressed in the course of the same year.

5402: 5179: 4901: 4489: 1906: 999: 861:. The assembly and clerics agreed upon, and then ceremonially performed, the raising of the autocephalous 854: 539: 5242: 2275: 2058: 1267:. While mounting a crusade against the Turks, he suddenly died on 20 December 1355. He was buried in his 1229:

in 1335 addresses to King Stefan Dušan and request him to stop the persecution and that to the bishop of

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Jean W Sedlar: East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500. p. 384, University of Washington Press

1586: 768: 745: 358:, among others. Under his rule, Serbia reached its territorial, political, economic, and cultural peak. 5092: 5077: 4067: 2063: 1986: 5157: 5117: 3206:

The army he used to conquer northern Greece was mostly Albanians; he also employed German mercenaries.

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in 1371, it was used in all the successor provinces. It was officially used in the successor state,

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Besides Orthodox Christians, there were many Catholics in the Empire, mostly in the coastal cities,

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return monasteries, churches, islands and villages, which some kings of Raška before him overtook.

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The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest

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http://againandagaininpeace.com/2012/02/07/the-serbian-church-in-history-the-serbian-patriarchate/

1578: 926:, and although Dušan was governing the whole state, he had special responsibility for the Eastern 790:, which was conquered on 25 September 1345, he proclaimed himself "Tsar of the Serbs and Romans" ( 599: 4465: 4107: 4072: 3687: 3598: 3406: 1590: 1259: 1039: 737: 663: 516: 445: 5247: 5237: 5087: 5052: 4784: 4774: 4672: 4455: 4400: 4370: 4294: 3991: 3669:

The Reluctant Emperor: A Biography of John Cantacuzene, Byzantine Emperor and Monk, c. 1295–1383

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The Kosova issue--a historic and current problem: symposium held in Tirana on April 15-16, 1993

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The Serbs and Byzantium during the reign of Tsar Stephen Dušan (1331–1355) and his successors

2944: 5377: 5212: 5162: 5127: 5102: 5002: 4881: 4845: 4682: 4657: 4652: 4390: 4314: 4266: 4261: 3981: 3924: 3880: 3870: 3851: 3535: 3310: 2080: 1947: 1936: 1774:. Dušan recruited light cavalry composed of 15,000 Albanians, armed with spears and swords. 1494: 1400: 1283: 752: 682:. Ragusa also had to guarantee freedom of worship for Orthodox believers in this territory. 618: 500: 481: 390: 362: 303: 212: 137: 99: 3862: 1697: 1510:

had Dušan excommunicated in 1350, although this did not affect the religious organization.

4662: 4647: 4345: 4331: 4271: 4256: 4150: 4145: 4102: 4097: 3847: 3663: 3639: 3530: 1994: 1750: 1741:

halberdiers. Dušan had his personal mercenary guard on his disposal, consisting of German

1404: 1226: 831: 782:, Dušan referred to himself as "King of the Bulgarians". In 1345 he began calling himself 679: 456: 315: 5107: 5037: 4474: 3820: 2581: 1604:, a kind of Byzantine document, characteristic for Byzantine rulers. In his royal title, 950: 3782:

Vizantološki institut, Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta, (Naučno delo, 1996), 194.

2661:

Vizantološki institut, Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta, (Naučno delo, 1996), 194.

678:

for eight thousand perpers and an annual tribute of five hundred perpers, the so-called

5017: 4732: 4712: 4667: 4632: 4420: 4284: 4242: 4217: 4207: 4140: 4061: 3998: 3338: 2143: 2069: 1974: 1911: 1898: 1597: 1287: 1179: 1086: 1027: 932: 906: 821: 787: 772: 556: 535: 504: 496: 410: 402: 323: 292: 174: 69: 2021: 1053: 5306: 5277: 5137: 5082: 5062: 3885: 2297: 1799: 1654: 1628: 1047: 959: 816: 741: 327: 495:, or in 1312, in Serbia. In 1314 Dušan's father was exiled, and the family lived in 17: 5147: 5122: 5012: 4886: 2009:, after her first husband's death in 1360. This hypothesis is not widely accepted. 1882:, when ruling a short-lived state of Serbian provinces under the crown of Hungary. 1729: 1548:(modern Lezhë) etc. In the court of Dušan there were also Catholics (servants from 1502: 1490: 1486: 1466: 1429: 1298: 1159: 949:

already had the despot title, granted to him by Andronikos III. His brother-in-law

946: 843: 764: 760: 4727: 1855:

Stefan Dušan was the most powerful Serbian ruler in the Middle Ages and remains a

3763: 3742: 3702: 3691: 3667: 3643: 3592: 3571: 3550: 3510: 3082: 3065: 1205:

Dušan may have also launched the campaign to aid his sister, Jelena, who married

5192: 4450: 3875: 1893: 1889: 1875: 1514: 1318: 1297:

in Belgrade. Dušan is the only monarch of the Nemanjić dynasty who has not been

1264: 1222: 1151: 858: 721: 671: 3189: 3022: 2614:

The Code of Serbian Emperor Stephan Dushan, Serbian Culture of the 14th Century

1446: 1132:. The Bosnian army was defeated at Pribojska Banja by Dušan, when he was still 5232: 4820: 4779: 4748: 1674: 1649: 1522: 1513:

Under Serbian jurisdiction came one of the foremost centers of spirituality –

1124:

in 1326. In 1329, Ban Stephen II launched an attack on Lord Vitomir, who held

936: 894: 552: 3064:

Jusuf Bajraktari; Instituti i Historisë (Akademia e Shkencave e RSH) (1996).

2702:

Nationalism and territory: constructing group identity in Southeastern Europe

1585:, who had envisioned co-rulership. However, starting in 1347, relations with 703: 534:

Stefan Dečanski with his son Stefan Dušan (lower left corner) on the icon of

4082: 1856: 1803: 1767: 1758: 1613: 1601: 1553: 1534: 1518: 1137: 1023: 675: 441: 414: 4112: 1399:, built by King Milutin, where his mother was buried, and the monastery of 915: 3807:"Selected Monuments of Serbian Law from the 12th to 15th centuries" (1926) 2291: 1822:

Emperor and Autocrat of the Serbs and Greeks, the Bulgarians and Albanians

5007: 4840: 4202: 4077: 3855: 2384: 2382: 2006: 1968:

Some historians speculate that the couple had another child, a daughter.

1763: 1738: 1545: 1125: 1117: 1031: 941: 890: 779: 715: 711: 699: 418: 2306:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 517. 4753: 1978: 1456: 1415: 1276: 1218: 1214: 1191: 1187: 1129: 1043: 1035: 1019: 972: 968: 902: 626: 564: 223: 170: 4957: 3850:, Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta 2007, Issue 44, pp: 381–409, 1600:, also signing with the Imperial red ink. He was the first to publish 4131: 4008: 3368:

Steven Runciman, Byzantine Civilization. Cited in Radoman Stanković,

1771: 1754: 1746: 1742: 1693: 1666: 1662: 1596:

Dušan was the first Serbian monarch who wrote most of his letters in

1476: 1383: 1175: 1015: 839: 811: 756: 695: 422: 394: 319: 311: 127: 3896: 3340:

Religious Separation and Political Intolerance in Bosnia-Herzegovina

1665:, and contained 155 clauses, while 66 further clauses were added at 1002:

remained autocephalous. For those acts he was excommunicated by the

30:"Dušan the Mighty" redirects here. For a 1990s Serbian militia, see 4581: 1525:, his ancestor) came at the front of the ecclesiastical community. 5273: 5202: 2002: 1998: 1951: 1926: 1785: 1728: 1717: 1634: 1623: 1549: 1541: 1378: 1302: 1244: 1230: 1171: 1082: 1078: 1052: 985: 898: 826: 805: 691: 503:

during his stay in its capital, learning cultural customs and the

380: 3813:"Legislation of Stefan Dušan, emperor of Serbs and Greeks" (1928) 1530: 1210: 1183: 736:

in the Byzantine Empire between the regent of the minor Emperor

667: 543: 4961: 4585: 4012: 3160:

Hungary and the Fall of Eastern Europe 1000–1568 (Men-at-Arms)

2016: 1312: 1030:

as governor of those provinces. In 1348, Dušan also conquered

3411:

Byzantine sources on the history of the peoples of Yugoslavia

2993:

Monasticism in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Republics

2399: 2397: 1109:

The attributed Coat of arms of Stefan Dušan presented in the

909: 838:

On 16 April 1346 (Easter), Dušan convoked a huge assembly at

310:

multi-ethnic and multilingual empire that stretched from the

3829:"Greek charters of Serbian rulers" Soloviev and Makin {1936} 834:, where Dušan adopted the title of Emperor at his coronation 3288:(4th ed.). Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 944–. 1972:

suggested that it might be "Irina" or "Irene", the wife of

499:

until his recall in 1320. Dušan became acquainted with the

451:

In the meantime, Vladislav II mobilized local support from

3110: 3108: 3106: 3104: 706:

monastery. Hungarians have received military support from

3008:

The Cambridge Medieval History: The Byzantine Empire V. 2

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Serbs & Albanians: Their Symbiosis in the Middle Ages

1057:

Serbian Empire and neighbors at death of Tsar Dušan, 1355

802:

Imperial coronation and autocephaly of the Serbian church

3285:

Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent State

2975:

The Wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their Medieval Origins

1631:, the second oldest preserved Serbian proto-constitution 1581:

considered his initial ideology as that of the previous

3788:

A short history of Yugoslavia: from early times to 1966

2495:

The Balkans: Roumania, Bulgaria, Servia, and Montenegro

2414: 2412: 2033: 369:

will stand out as the most prominent under the rule of

2866: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2858: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2518: 2516: 2464: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2344: 2342: 2329: 2327: 2325: 1766:

was disbanded his army include Serbian feudal forces,

297:

Emperor of the Serbs, Greeks, Bulgarians and Albanians

3836:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2010. 2968: 2966: 2205: 2203: 2201: 2199: 2197: 2195: 2193: 2191: 2189: 1733:

Map of expansion of Serbian state under Stefan Dušan

775:, whom they brought into Europe for the first time. 5201: 5171: 4995: 4869: 4808: 4762: 4741: 4700: 4619: 4542: 4488: 4464: 4439: 4330: 4236: 4177: 4130: 4046: 1965:Serbia and the Ottoman Empire resumed hostilities. 1954:. Theodora most likely died between 1352 and 1354. 254: 244: 234: 222: 206: 196: 180: 160: 147: 143: 133: 122: 112: 105: 95: 85: 75: 68: 39: 3534: 3337: 1806:in Zeta and Zahumlje. He was entitled the rule of 1282:His empire slowly crumbled. His son and successor 306:, one of the most powerful European states and an 3744:East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500 3312:King Vukasin and the Disastrous Battle of Marica 2508:Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic, Vol 1 1722:Serbian military uniform, depicted in fresco in 5187:The Beginning of the Revolt against the Dahijas 3372:, Serbian Culture of the 14th Century. Volume I 1073:Kantakouzenos raised a small army and took the 3537:The Slavs in European History and Civilization 2986: 2984: 1521:(the cradle of the Serbian church, founded by 4973: 4597: 4024: 3573:Studies in Byzantine and Serbian Medieval Art 3382:Alderson, Anthony Dolphin (1982). "Orhan I". 2277:Positive Peace in Kosovo: A Dream Unfulfilled 43: 8: 3704:Prince Marko: The Hero of South Slavic Epics 3136: 3134: 2973:Madgearu, Alexandru; Gordon, Martin (2008). 1878:, in the style of Dušan, proclaimed himself 911:Bασιλεὺς καὶ αὐτoκράτωρ Σερβίας καὶ Pωμανίας 527:) to the throne of Bulgaria in August 1330. 3413:, (Institute of Byzantine Studies), VI-280. 3344:. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 3087:. Eastern European Monographs. p. 94. 2797: 2795: 2793: 2714: 2578:"Hungarians and Serbs during the centuries" 1347:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 810:The coronation of the Tsar Stefen Dušan in 4980: 4966: 4958: 4604: 4590: 4582: 4031: 4017: 4009: 3929: 3645:The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453 3466:"др Владан Ђорђевић - Трилогија Цар Душан" 3370:The Code of Serbian Emperor Stephan Dushan 3084:Albanian Stalinism: Ideo-Political Aspects 3010:. Cambridge University Press. p. 540. 2821: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2744: 1589:worsened, Dušan allied himself with rival 53: 36: 5398:14th-century deaths from plague (disease) 3884: 3874: 3768:. Dumbarton Oaks Library and Collection. 2403: 2388: 1993:, 1367–1384). In one theory, she married 1508:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople 1367:Learn how and when to remove this message 996:Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople 869:. The Archbishop from then on was titled 857:Simeon, and various religious leaders of 4169:re-emerging as seat (Grand Principality) 3848:Entering of Stefan Dušan into the Empire 3253: 3241: 2704:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 193. 2068:A monumental church (27x14m) found near 1568: 1142: 1104: 720: 690:Byzantines recognizing Serbian gains in 638: 529: 4441:Second Serbian Empire and Duchy of Srem 3386:(Reprinted ed.). Greenwood Press. 2918: 2185: 5353:Burials at St. Mark's Church, Belgrade 2649: 1026:, appointing his half-brother, despot 1004:Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople 569:King of All Serbian and Maritime lands 70:King of all Serbian and Maritime Lands 4816:Komnena, Duchess of Kruja and Elbasan 4570:Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes 3229: 2930: 2906: 2418: 1820:. This title was soon enlarged into " 1641:The Proclamation of Dušan's Law Codex 1249:Sarcophagus of Stefan Dušan, kept at 873:, although some documents called him 842:, attended by the Serbian Archbishop 455:, the former appanage of his father, 322:. He enacted the constitution of the 27:14th century Serbian king and emperor 7: 3594:Conflict and chaos in Eastern Europe 3384:The structure of the Ottoman dynasty 3217: 3114: 3051: 2870: 2837: 2825: 2764: 2735: 2637: 2625: 2563: 2551: 2539: 2522: 2468: 2449: 2430: 2373: 2348: 2333: 2316: 2280:by Elisabeth Schleicher, p. 49, 2012 2263: 2221: 2209: 1946:, Emperor Dušan had at least a son, 1489:. In 1354, Dušan reached out to the 1345:adding citations to reliable sources 446:"Old Serbian genealogies and annals" 5388:Serbian people of Bulgarian descent 3194:. Hurst & Company. p. 57. 3070:. Institute of history. p. 42. 3027:. Hurst & Company. p. 57. 2949:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 66. 2675:(2 ed.). Alerion. p. 77. 2482:The Serbians: the story of a people 1790:Statue of Emperor Dušan in Belgrade 1120:, which was annexed by Bosnian Ban 1038:as governor. In eastern regions of 922:, giving him nominal rule over the 674:and the coastland between Ston and 346:, finished the construction of the 3747:. University of Washington Press. 3232:, p. 286, 296 with note 1403. 1235:Roman Catholic Diocese of Trebinje 1148:Entry of Emperor Dušan into Ragusa 318:in the south, with its capital in 25: 5383:Founders of Christian monasteries 5373:Characters in Serbian epic poetry 4856:Maria Angelina, Empress of Epirus 4003:8 September 1331 – 16 April 1346 3976:16 April 1346 – 20 December 1355 3440:"Velika otkrića u malim uslovima" 2103:1875 historical three-tome novel 1293:Today Dušan's remains are in the 725:Expansion of Serbia under Stefan 670:and its envisions, including the 476:Dušan was the eldest son of King 4691: 3925:Historical library: Stefan Dušan 3762:Soulis, George Christos (1984). 3555:. University of Michigan Press. 2164:Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 2020: 1888:, written by Ragusian historian 1465: 1453:Monastery of the Holy Archangels 1445: 1317: 1273:Monastery of the Holy Archangels 662:In 1333 after negotiations with 607: 598: 571:in the first week of September. 519:. Dečanski appointed his nephew 356:monastery of the Holy Archangels 186:Monastery of the Holy Archangels 3162:pp. 35, 37; Osprey Publishing, 1606:Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks 1410:His greatest endowment was the 643:"Wedding of Emperor Dušan", by 107:Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks 32:Dušan the Mighty (paramilitary) 4132:Serbian Principality of Duklja 3790:. Cambridge University Press. 3693:History of the Byzantine State 3672:. Cambridge University Press. 3648:. Cambridge University Press. 3622:Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium 2977:. Scarecrow Press. p. 86. 2497:, p. 273: "Character of Dušan" 590:Byzantine civil war of 1341–47 580:grew a beard and longer hair. 415:Archbishop Nicodemus of Serbia 277: 1: 5338:14th-century Serbian monarchs 5333:14th-century Serbian emperors 4841:Ana-Neda, Empress of Bulgaria 4122:subsequently emerging as seat 3707:. Syracuse University Press. 2943:Rosenqvist, Jan Olof (2004). 2886:, Bradt Travel Guides ed. 3. 2391:, pp. 35, 37, 39, 41–42. 875:Patriarch of Serbs and Romans 769:Stephaniana by a Turkic force 489: 330:, perhaps the most important 291:– 20 December 1355), was the 285: 151: 4932:Theodora Smilets of Bulgaria 4386:Ottoman annexation, titular: 4179:Grand Principality of Serbia 3895:Logos, Aleksandar A (2017). 3591:Hupchick, Dennis P. (1995). 3315:. GRIN Verlag. pp. 1–. 3282:Europa Publications (1999). 3188:Hoare, Marko Attila (2024). 3021:Hoare, Marko Attila (2024). 2991:Ines Angeli Murzaku (2015). 1749:, commander of the Serbian " 1265:until the early 20th century 1221:, in 1347. Mladen died from 990:Coin of Emperor Stefan Dušan 555:, but Dušan had crossed the 511:, and the Bulgarian emperor 249:Theodora Smilets of Bulgaria 5343:14th-century Serbian people 4846:Teodora-Evdokija, Despotess 4836:Elizabeth, Baness of Bosnia 3876:10.2298/bg20130213jecmenica 3625:, Oxford University Press, 3541:. Rutgers University Press. 3309:Vladislav Boskovic (2009). 3006:Joan Mervyn Hussey (1966). 2882:Mitchell, Laurence (2010), 2293:"Roman Empire, Later" 2290:Bury, John Bagnell (1911). 2149:Serbian Patriarchate of Peć 1985:, d. 1355–1356), mother of 1831:(Силни) is translated into 1817:Emperor of Serbs and Greeks 1414:, located near the town of 1263:dominance over the Balkans 1101:War with the Bosnian banate 1068:Emperor of Serbs and Greeks 963:. The military commanders ( 744:, and his father's general 425:), while his half-brother, 409:. Milutin sent Dečanski to 342:from an archbishopric to a 5429: 5358:Medieval history of Serbia 4851:Milica, Princess of Serbia 4831:Jelena, Princess of Bribir 4321:Fall of the Serbian Empire 3863:"Stefan Dušan I Dubrovnik" 3786:Clissold, Stephen (1968). 3547:Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr. 2054:Saint Archangels Monastery 1931:Fresco of Dušan, his wife 1714:Military history of Serbia 1711: 1686:fall of the Serbian Empire 1573:Divellion of Emperor Dušan 1412:Saint Archangels Monastery 957:were granted the title of 910: 587: 484:, the daughter of emperor 295:from 8 September 1331 and 259:Serbian Orthodox Christian 29: 5290:List of national poetries 5266: 4689: 4356:Proclamation of Despotate 3996: 3988: 3978: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3932: 3886:21.15107/rcub_nardus_3216 3861:Ječmenica, Dejan (2012). 3701:Popović, Tatyana (1988). 3570:Gavrilović, Zaga (2001). 2995:. Routledge. p. 249. 2159:Serbia in the Middle Ages 2122:by Slavomir Nastasijević. 2098:"Emperor Dušan's wedding" 1782:Name, epithets and titles 1233:which is responsible for 1136:. The Ban soon took over 1014:In 1347, Dušan conquered 981:Metropolitanate of Skopje 444:. From that fact and the 393:Monastery, 14th century ( 52: 44: 4912:Helena Doukaina Angelina 4795:Stefan Uroš of Pharsalos 4638:Stefan the First-Crowned 4252:Stefan the First-Crowned 4223:Stefan the First-Crowned 3823:in 1349 and 1354" (1929) 3741:Sedlar, Jean W. (1994). 3515:. Blackwell Publishing. 3336:Mitja Velikonja (2003). 3191:Serbia: a modern history 3024:Serbia: a modern history 2506:Andrew Archibald Paton, 2174:Danilo's anonymous pupil 1493:, offering to recognise 1158:territory. According to 1111:Korjenić-Neorić Armorial 920:King of Serbs and Greeks 405:quarreled with his son, 59:Detail of fresco in the 5368:Legal history of Serbia 4922:Anna Terter of Bulgaria 4534:Proclamation of Kingdom 4228:Proclamation of Kingdom 3470:www.talijaizdavastvo.rs 3268:Encyclopædia Britannica 2671:Šufflay, Milan (2012). 2303:Encyclopædia Britannica 1166:, which was kin to the 877:, with the seat at the 798:in Serbian documents). 629:, Dušan's first capital 429:, held the province of 348:Visoki Dečani Monastery 5223:Đuro Milutinović-Slepi 5180:The Building of Skadar 4490:Principality of Serbia 4305:Proclamation of Empire 4118:Byzantine annexation, 4048:Principality of Serbia 3867:Универзитет У Београду 3722:Ryder, Judith (2010). 3158:David Nicolle; (1988) 2125:2002 historical novel 2118:1987 historical novel 1939: 1907:Principality of Serbia 1886:The Realm of the Slavs 1791: 1734: 1726: 1644: 1632: 1574: 1391: 1254: 1154: 1113: 1058: 1000:Archbishopric of Ohrid 991: 975:received the title of 885:Joanikije II solemnly 835: 824: 729: 647: 547: 540:Basilica di San Nicola 421:of 'Budimlje' (modern 401:In 1314, Serbian King 398: 5033:Djemo the Mountaineer 4927:Simonida of Byzantium 4897:Beloslava of Bulgaria 2254:Hupchick 1995, p. 141 2094:"Ženidba Cara Dušana" 1930: 1867:, and the Czechs for 1789: 1753:", who upon crossing 1732: 1721: 1712:Further information: 1638: 1627: 1587:John VI Kantakouzenos 1572: 1382: 1248: 1146: 1122:Stephen II Kotromanić 1108: 1056: 989: 914:). Dušan had his son 863:Serbian Archbishopric 830: 809: 724: 642: 533: 384: 338:. Dušan promoted the 218:Irina Uroš (disputed) 5363:Medieval legislators 4917:Elizabeth of Hungary 4907:Catherine of Hungary 4882:Eudokia of Byzantium 4701:Other ruling members 4466:Revolutionary Serbia 3856:10.2298/ZRVI0744381P 3834:The End of Byzantium 3576:. The Pindar Press. 2245:Clissold 1968, p. 98 1679:Corpus Juris Civilis 1677:'s Nomokamon and in 1388:Church of Saint Sava 1341:improve this section 1295:Church of Saint Mark 1241:Last years and Death 1190:); and another took 867:Serbian Patriarchate 848:Archbishop of Ochrid 732:Dušan exploited the 708:Stephen II of Bosnia 513:Michael III Shishman 472:Youth and usurpation 314:in the north to the 278:Стефан Урош IV Душан 18:Stefan Uroš IV Dušan 5282:Erlangen Manuscript 4989:Serbian epic poetry 4718:Vladislav of Syrmia 4673:(Uroš III) Dečanski 4620:Main ruling members 3688:Ostrogorsky, George 3446:. 23 September 2020 3117:, pp. 312–313. 3081:Arshi Pipa (1990). 2612:Radoman Stankovic, 2566:, pp. 288–289. 2319:, pp. 260, 263 2059:Podlastva monastery 1959:Nicephorus Gregoras 1865:Sigismund I the Old 1643:" by Paja Jovanović 1473:Treskavec Monastery 1426:Uglješa Mrnjavčević 1075:Chalcidic peninsula 1010:Epirus and Thessaly 935:and brother-in-law 855:Bulgarian Patriarch 617:The remains of the 486:Smilets of Bulgaria 438:Stefan Vladislav II 354:), and founded the 5408:Christian monarchs 5258:Živana Antonijević 5078:Mihajlo Svilojević 4942:Helena of Bulgaria 4937:Maria Palaiologina 4431:Ottoman annexation 4426:Stefan Štiljanović 4040:Monarchs of Serbia 3846:Pirivatrić Srđan, 3832:Harris, Jonathan, 3827:Alexander Soloviev 3817:Alexander Soloviev 3811:Alexander Soloviev 3805:Alexander Soloviev 3696:. Basil Blackwell. 3617:Kazhdan, Alexander 3599:Palgrave Macmillan 3407:George Ostrogorsky 2584:on 30 October 2010 2032:. You can help by 1987:Thomas Preljubović 1944:Helena of Bulgaria 1940: 1792: 1735: 1727: 1645: 1633: 1591:John V Palaiologos 1583:Bulgarian emperors 1575: 1392: 1309:Religious activity 1255: 1178:; another reached 1155: 1114: 1059: 992: 836: 825: 746:John Kantakouzenos 738:John V Palaiologos 730: 672:Pelješac peninsula 648: 548: 399: 389:and Stefan Dušan, 201:Helena of Bulgaria 79:8 September 1331 – 5393:Founding monarchs 5298: 5297: 5286:Perast manuscript 5218:Dimitrije Karaman 5143:Strahinja Banović 5113:Philip the Magyar 4955: 4954: 4947:Anna of Wallachia 4723:Stefan Konstantin 4668:(Uroš II) Milutin 4579: 4578: 4546:, 1882–1918 4544:Kingdom of Serbia 4492:, 1837–1882 4468:, 1804–1837 4443:, 1526–1532 4411:Stevan Berislavić 4406:Ivaniš Berislavić 4381:Stephen Tomašević 4339:, 1402–1537 4337:Serbian Despotate 4334:, 1371–1402 4290:Stefan Konstantin 4245:, 1346–1371 4240:, 1217–1346 4238:Kingdom of Serbia 4181:, 1101–1217 4161:Constantine Bodin 4007: 4006: 3979:Succeeded by 3972:Emperor of Serbia 3908:978-86-85117-37-4 3842:978-0-300-11786-8 3632:978-0-19-504652-6 3608:978-0-312-12116-7 3393:978-0-313-22522-2 3355:978-1-58544-226-3 3322:978-3-640-49243-5 3295:978-1-85743-058-5 3094:978-0-88033-184-5 2700:George W. White. 2576:Károly Szilágyi. 2406:, pp. 34–35. 2169:Lesnovo monastery 2154:Serbian Despotate 2133:) by Mile Kordić. 2131:"Dušan the Great" 2076:Reconstructions: 2064:Duljevo monastery 2050: 2049: 1963:Nikephoros Orsini 1724:Lesnovo Monastery 1690:Serbian Despotate 1397:Banjska monastery 1377: 1376: 1369: 1260:Lois I of Hungary 1251:St. Mark's church 955:Branko Mladenović 883:Serbian Patriarch 871:Serbian Patriarch 865:to the status of 794:is equivalent to 759:, except for the 657:Helen of Bulgaria 517:Battle of Velbužd 427:Stefan Konstantin 371:Lazarević dynasty 367:Serbian Despotate 280:), also known as 264: 263: 190:St. Mark's Church 168:(aged 46–47) 61:Lesnovo Monastery 16:(Redirected from 5420: 5348:Nemanjić dynasty 5243:Tešan Podrugović 5193:The Kosovo Cycle 5163:Zmaj Ognjeni Vuk 5158:Voivode Prijezda 5148:Sibinjanin Janko 5128:Relja the Winged 5118:Pop Milo Jovović 5068:Maksim Crnojević 5058:Jugović brothers 4982: 4975: 4968: 4959: 4861:Jelena Lazarević 4790:Stefan Vukanović 4695: 4694: 4613:Nemanjić dynasty 4606: 4599: 4592: 4583: 4572: 4568:Proclamation of 4535: 4432: 4387: 4376:Stefan Branković 4361:Stefan Lazarević 4357: 4351:Stefan Lazarević 4323: 4306: 4262:Stefan Vladislav 4229: 4170: 4134:, 998–1101 4123: 4054:), 641–969 4033: 4026: 4019: 4010: 3989:Preceded by 3955: 3954:20 December 1355 3948: 3939:Nemanjić dynasty 3930: 3912: 3890: 3888: 3878: 3801: 3779: 3758: 3737: 3718: 3697: 3683: 3664:Nicol, Donald M. 3659: 3640:Nicol, Donald M. 3635: 3612: 3587: 3566: 3542: 3540: 3531:Dvornik, Francis 3526: 3492: 3491: 3480: 3474: 3473: 3462: 3456: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3436: 3430: 3420: 3414: 3404: 3398: 3397: 3379: 3373: 3366: 3360: 3359: 3343: 3333: 3327: 3326: 3306: 3300: 3299: 3279: 3273: 3263: 3257: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3221: 3215: 3209: 3208: 3185: 3179: 3176: 3170: 3156: 3150: 3147: 3141: 3138: 3129: 3124: 3118: 3112: 3099: 3098: 3078: 3072: 3071: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3043: 3042: 3018: 3012: 3011: 3003: 2997: 2996: 2988: 2979: 2978: 2970: 2961: 2960: 2940: 2934: 2928: 2922: 2916: 2910: 2904: 2898: 2880: 2874: 2868: 2853: 2847: 2841: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2802: 2799: 2768: 2762: 2739: 2733: 2718: 2715:Ostrogorsky 1956 2712: 2706: 2705: 2697: 2691: 2690: 2668: 2662: 2659: 2653: 2647: 2641: 2635: 2629: 2623: 2617: 2610: 2604: 2600: 2594: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2580:. Archived from 2573: 2567: 2561: 2555: 2549: 2543: 2537: 2526: 2520: 2511: 2504: 2498: 2493:William Miller, 2491: 2485: 2480:Paul Pavlovich, 2478: 2472: 2466: 2453: 2447: 2434: 2428: 2422: 2416: 2407: 2401: 2392: 2386: 2377: 2371: 2352: 2346: 2337: 2331: 2320: 2314: 2308: 2307: 2295: 2287: 2281: 2273: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2252: 2246: 2243: 2237: 2231: 2225: 2219: 2213: 2207: 2045: 2042: 2024: 2017: 1935:, and their son 1863:, the Poles for 1708:Military tactics 1533:to the west, to 1495:Pope Innocent VI 1469: 1449: 1372: 1365: 1361: 1358: 1352: 1321: 1313: 1207:Mladen III Šubić 1168:Nemanjić dynasty 1064:Emperor of Serbs 913: 912: 879:Monastery of Peć 814:(1926), part of 619:Prizren Fortress 611: 602: 501:Byzantine Empire 494: 491: 482:Theodora Smilets 308:Eastern Orthodox 304:Southeast Europe 290: 287: 282:Dušan the Mighty 279: 274:Serbian Cyrillic 167: 164:20 December 1355 156: 153: 118:20 December 1355 57: 48: 47: 46: 37: 21: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5422: 5421: 5419: 5418: 5417: 5413:Royal reburials 5303: 5302: 5299: 5294: 5262: 5238:Petar Perunović 5205: 5197: 5167: 5093:Miloš Vojinović 5048:Janko od Kotara 4991: 4986: 4956: 4951: 4902:Helena of Anjou 4865: 4804: 4758: 4737: 4696: 4692: 4687: 4678:(Uroš IV) Dušan 4615: 4610: 4580: 4575: 4567: 4538: 4533: 4484: 4480:Miloš Obrenović 4460: 4456:Radoslav Čelnik 4444: 4435: 4430: 4401:Jovan Branković 4396:Đorđe Branković 4385: 4371:Lazar Branković 4366:Đurađ Branković 4355: 4335: 4332:Moravian Serbia 4326: 4319: 4304: 4295:Stefan Dečanski 4272:Stefan Dragutin 4257:Stefan Radoslav 4241: 4232: 4227: 4173: 4165: 4146:Stefan Vojislav 4126: 4117: 4042: 4037: 4002: 3994: 3992:Stefan Dečanski 3984: 3975: 3949: 3943: 3942: 3935: 3921: 3916: 3909: 3898:Istorija Srba I 3894: 3860: 3798: 3785: 3776: 3761: 3755: 3740: 3734: 3721: 3715: 3700: 3686: 3680: 3662: 3656: 3638: 3633: 3615: 3609: 3590: 3584: 3569: 3563: 3545: 3529: 3523: 3505: 3501: 3496: 3495: 3482: 3481: 3477: 3464: 3463: 3459: 3449: 3447: 3444:Nedeljnik Vreme 3438: 3437: 3433: 3421: 3417: 3405: 3401: 3394: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3367: 3363: 3356: 3335: 3334: 3330: 3323: 3308: 3307: 3303: 3296: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3264: 3260: 3252: 3248: 3240: 3236: 3228: 3224: 3216: 3212: 3202: 3187: 3186: 3182: 3177: 3173: 3157: 3153: 3148: 3144: 3139: 3132: 3125: 3121: 3113: 3102: 3095: 3080: 3079: 3075: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3054:, pp. 313. 3050: 3046: 3035: 3020: 3019: 3015: 3005: 3004: 3000: 2990: 2989: 2982: 2972: 2971: 2964: 2957: 2942: 2941: 2937: 2929: 2925: 2917: 2913: 2905: 2901: 2881: 2877: 2869: 2856: 2848: 2844: 2836: 2832: 2824: 2805: 2800: 2771: 2763: 2742: 2734: 2721: 2713: 2709: 2699: 2698: 2694: 2683: 2670: 2669: 2665: 2660: 2656: 2648: 2644: 2636: 2632: 2624: 2620: 2611: 2607: 2601: 2597: 2587: 2585: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2562: 2558: 2550: 2546: 2538: 2529: 2521: 2514: 2505: 2501: 2492: 2488: 2479: 2475: 2467: 2456: 2448: 2437: 2429: 2425: 2417: 2410: 2402: 2395: 2387: 2380: 2372: 2355: 2347: 2340: 2332: 2323: 2315: 2311: 2289: 2288: 2284: 2274: 2270: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2249: 2244: 2240: 2232: 2228: 2220: 2216: 2208: 2187: 2182: 2140: 2113:Vladan Đorđević 2109:"Emperor Dušan" 2092:Epic folk song 2089: 2046: 2040: 2037: 2030:needs expansion 2015: 1995:Radoslav Hlapen 1991:Ruler of Epirus 1925: 1917:Ilija Garašanin 1853: 1794:He was crowned 1784: 1751:Alemannic Guard 1716: 1710: 1622: 1567: 1562: 1483: 1482: 1481: 1480: 1479: 1470: 1461: 1460: 1459: 1450: 1439: 1405:Sinai Peninsula 1373: 1362: 1356: 1353: 1338: 1322: 1311: 1243: 1227:Pope Clement VI 1182:, on which lay 1103: 1046:as governor of 1042:, he appointed 1012: 832:Skopje Fortress 804: 680:tribute of Ston 633: 632: 631: 630: 614: 613: 612: 604: 603: 592: 586: 577: 575:Personal traits 492: 478:Stefan Dečanski 474: 469: 457:Stefan Dragutin 407:Stefan Uroš III 387:Stefan Uroš III 379: 336:medieval Serbia 316:Gulf of Corinth 288: 239:Stefan Uroš III 217: 215: 192: 169: 165: 154: 126:16 April 1346, 117: 116:16 April 1346 – 90:Stefan Uroš III 80: 64: 42: 41: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5426: 5424: 5416: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5328:Serbian Empire 5325: 5320: 5315: 5305: 5304: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5292: 5271: 5267: 5264: 5263: 5261: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5209: 5207: 5206:and collectors 5199: 5198: 5196: 5195: 5190: 5183: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5098:Musa Kesedžija 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5018:Bajo Pivljanin 5015: 5010: 5005: 4999: 4997: 4993: 4992: 4987: 4985: 4984: 4977: 4970: 4962: 4953: 4952: 4950: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4873: 4871: 4867: 4866: 4864: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4812: 4810: 4809:Female members 4806: 4805: 4803: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4766: 4764: 4760: 4759: 4757: 4756: 4751: 4745: 4743: 4739: 4738: 4736: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4713:Konstantin Tih 4710: 4704: 4702: 4698: 4697: 4690: 4688: 4686: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4633:Stefan Nemanja 4630: 4623: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4611: 4609: 4608: 4601: 4594: 4586: 4577: 4576: 4574: 4573: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4549: 4547: 4540: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4531: 4526: 4521: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4495: 4493: 4486: 4485: 4483: 4482: 4477: 4471: 4469: 4462: 4461: 4459: 4458: 4453: 4447: 4445: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4342: 4340: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4324: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4285:Stefan Milutin 4282: 4281: 4280: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4248: 4246: 4243:Serbian Empire 4234: 4233: 4231: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4218:Stefan Nemanja 4215: 4210: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4190: 4184: 4182: 4175: 4174: 4172: 4171: 4163: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4141:Jovan Vladimir 4137: 4135: 4128: 4127: 4125: 4124: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4062:Unknown Archon 4057: 4055: 4052:early medieval 4044: 4043: 4038: 4036: 4035: 4028: 4021: 4013: 4005: 4004: 3999:King of Serbia 3995: 3990: 3986: 3985: 3980: 3977: 3968: 3962: 3961: 3960:Regnal titles 3957: 3956: 3936: 3933: 3928: 3927: 3920: 3919:External links 3917: 3915: 3914: 3907: 3892: 3858: 3844: 3830: 3824: 3814: 3808: 3802: 3797:978-0521095310 3796: 3783: 3780: 3775:978-0884021377 3774: 3759: 3754:978-0295800646 3753: 3738: 3733:978-9004185654 3732: 3719: 3714:978-0815624448 3713: 3698: 3684: 3679:978-0521522014 3678: 3660: 3655:978-0521439916 3654: 3636: 3631: 3619:, ed. (1991), 3613: 3607: 3588: 3583:978-1899828340 3582: 3567: 3561: 3543: 3527: 3522:978-1405142915 3521: 3507:Ćirković, Sima 3502: 3500: 3497: 3494: 3493: 3484:"Stefan Dušan" 3475: 3457: 3431: 3415: 3399: 3392: 3374: 3361: 3354: 3328: 3321: 3301: 3294: 3274: 3258: 3246: 3234: 3222: 3220:, p. 320. 3210: 3200: 3180: 3171: 3151: 3142: 3140:Sedlar, p. 330 3130: 3119: 3100: 3093: 3073: 3056: 3044: 3033: 3013: 2998: 2980: 2962: 2955: 2935: 2933:, p. 254. 2923: 2921:, p. 113. 2911: 2909:, p. 244. 2899: 2875: 2873:, p. 334. 2854: 2842: 2840:, p. 324. 2830: 2803: 2769: 2740: 2738:, p. 310. 2719: 2717:, p. 468. 2707: 2692: 2682:978-0988712928 2681: 2663: 2654: 2642: 2630: 2618: 2605: 2595: 2568: 2556: 2554:, p. 288. 2544: 2542:, p. 287. 2527: 2525:, p. 275. 2512: 2499: 2486: 2473: 2471:, p. 274. 2454: 2452:, p. 273. 2435: 2433:, p. 265. 2423: 2421:, p. 296. 2408: 2404:Ječmenica 2012 2393: 2389:Ječmenica 2012 2378: 2376:, p. 264. 2353: 2351:, p. 263. 2338: 2336:, p. 262. 2321: 2309: 2298:Chisholm, Hugh 2282: 2268: 2256: 2247: 2238: 2226: 2214: 2212:, p. 309. 2184: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2177: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2144:Serbian Empire 2139: 2136: 2135: 2134: 2123: 2120:"Stefan Dušan" 2116: 2101: 2088: 2085: 2084: 2083: 2074: 2073: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2048: 2047: 2027: 2025: 2014: 2011: 1997:, Governor of 1924: 1921: 1909:, notably the 1852: 1849: 1783: 1780: 1709: 1706: 1621: 1618: 1566: 1565:Royal ideology 1563: 1561: 1558: 1471: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1451: 1444: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1375: 1374: 1357:September 2015 1325: 1323: 1316: 1310: 1307: 1242: 1239: 1164:Nikolić family 1102: 1099: 1011: 1008: 822:Alphonse Mucha 803: 800: 687:Andronikos III 652:Ivan Alexander 645:Paja Jovanović 616: 615: 606: 605: 597: 596: 595: 594: 593: 588:Main article: 585: 582: 576: 573: 505:Greek language 497:Constantinople 488:. He was born 473: 470: 468: 465: 411:Constantinople 403:Stefan Milutin 378: 375: 340:Serbian Church 324:Serbian Empire 293:King of Serbia 262: 261: 256: 252: 251: 246: 242: 241: 236: 232: 231: 226: 220: 219: 210: 204: 203: 198: 194: 193: 188:; after 1927: 184: 182: 178: 177: 175:Serbian Empire 162: 158: 157: 149: 145: 144: 141: 140: 135: 131: 130: 124: 120: 119: 114: 110: 109: 103: 102: 97: 93: 92: 87: 83: 82: 77: 73: 72: 66: 65: 58: 50: 49: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5425: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5403:Rebel princes 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5310: 5308: 5301: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5279: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5268: 5265: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5228:Filip Višnjić 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5213:Avram Miletić 5211: 5210: 5208: 5204: 5203:Gusle players 5200: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5188: 5184: 5182: 5181: 5177: 5176: 5174: 5170: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5138:Starina Novak 5136: 5134: 5133:Stari Vujadin 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5103:Pavle Orlović 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5083:Milan Toplica 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5073:Manojlo Grčić 5071: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5063:Mali Radojica 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5043:Ivan Kosančić 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5028:Deli Radivoje 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5003:Ailing Dojčin 5001: 5000: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4983: 4978: 4976: 4971: 4969: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4892:Anna Doukaina 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4874: 4872: 4868: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 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4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4333: 4329: 4322: 4318: 4316: 4315:Stefan Uroš V 4313: 4311: 4308: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4278: 4275: 4274: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4267:Stefan Uroš I 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4249: 4247: 4244: 4239: 4235: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4176: 4168: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4129: 4121: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4063: 4059: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4034: 4029: 4027: 4022: 4020: 4015: 4014: 4011: 4001: 4000: 3993: 3987: 3983: 3982:Stefan Uroš V 3974: 3973: 3967: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3946: 3941: 3940: 3934:Stefan Dušan 3931: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3918: 3910: 3904: 3900: 3899: 3893: 3887: 3882: 3877: 3872: 3868: 3864: 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3211: 3207: 3203: 3201:9781787385474 3197: 3193: 3192: 3184: 3181: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3155: 3152: 3146: 3143: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3128: 3123: 3120: 3116: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3101: 3096: 3090: 3086: 3085: 3077: 3074: 3069: 3068: 3060: 3057: 3053: 3048: 3045: 3041: 3036: 3034:9781787385474 3030: 3026: 3025: 3017: 3014: 3009: 3002: 2999: 2994: 2987: 2985: 2981: 2976: 2969: 2967: 2963: 2958: 2956:9781850439448 2952: 2948: 2947: 2939: 2936: 2932: 2927: 2924: 2920: 2915: 2912: 2908: 2903: 2900: 2897: 2896:1-84162-326-1 2893: 2889: 2885: 2879: 2876: 2872: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2855: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2839: 2834: 2831: 2828:, p. 324 2827: 2822: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2810: 2808: 2804: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2774: 2770: 2767:, p. 322 2766: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2711: 2708: 2703: 2696: 2693: 2689: 2684: 2678: 2674: 2667: 2664: 2658: 2655: 2651: 2646: 2643: 2640:, p. 304 2639: 2634: 2631: 2628:, p. 303 2627: 2622: 2619: 2615: 2609: 2606: 2599: 2596: 2583: 2579: 2572: 2569: 2565: 2560: 2557: 2553: 2548: 2545: 2541: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2519: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2503: 2500: 2496: 2490: 2487: 2483: 2477: 2474: 2470: 2465: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2427: 2424: 2420: 2415: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2400: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2385: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2360: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2345: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2313: 2310: 2305: 2304: 2299: 2294: 2286: 2283: 2279: 2278: 2272: 2269: 2265: 2260: 2257: 2251: 2248: 2242: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2215: 2211: 2206: 2204: 2202: 2200: 2198: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2186: 2179: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2147: 2145: 2142: 2141: 2137: 2132: 2128: 2127:"Dušan Silni" 2124: 2121: 2117: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2081:Visoki Dečani 2079: 2078: 2077: 2071: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2052: 2051: 2044: 2041:November 2011 2035: 2031: 2028:This section 2026: 2023: 2019: 2018: 2012: 2010: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1981:(governor of 1980: 1977: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1964: 1960: 1957:According to 1955: 1953: 1949: 1948:Stefan Uroš V 1945: 1942:By his wife, 1938: 1934: 1929: 1922: 1920: 1918: 1914: 1913: 1908: 1902: 1900: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1881: 1877: 1872: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1861:Tsar Simeon I 1858: 1850: 1848: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1819: 1818: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1800:heir apparent 1797: 1788: 1781: 1779: 1775: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1731: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1707: 1705: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1658: 1656: 1651: 1642: 1637: 1630: 1626: 1619: 1617: 1615: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1571: 1564: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1538: 1537:to the east. 1536: 1532: 1526: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1478: 1474: 1468: 1458: 1454: 1448: 1437:Church policy 1436: 1434: 1431: 1427: 1424: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1401:Visoki Dečani 1398: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1371: 1368: 1360: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1336: 1335: 1331: 1326:This section 1324: 1320: 1315: 1314: 1308: 1306: 1304: 1300: 1296: 1291: 1289: 1285: 1284:Stefan Uroš V 1280: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1261: 1252: 1247: 1240: 1238: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1112: 1107: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1055: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1034:, appointing 1033: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1001: 997: 988: 984: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 961: 960:sebastocrator 956: 952: 948: 944: 943: 938: 934: 929: 925: 924:Serbian lands 921: 917: 908: 904: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 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Retrieved 3443: 3434: 3418: 3410: 3402: 3383: 3377: 3369: 3364: 3339: 3331: 3311: 3304: 3284: 3277: 3265: 3261: 3256:, p. 98 3249: 3237: 3225: 3213: 3205: 3190: 3183: 3174: 3159: 3154: 3145: 3122: 3083: 3076: 3066: 3059: 3047: 3038: 3023: 3016: 3007: 3001: 2992: 2974: 2945: 2938: 2926: 2919:Dvornik 1962 2914: 2902: 2883: 2878: 2845: 2833: 2801:Fine, p. 323 2710: 2701: 2695: 2686: 2672: 2666: 2657: 2652:, p. 25 2645: 2633: 2621: 2613: 2608: 2598: 2586:. Retrieved 2582:the original 2571: 2559: 2547: 2507: 2502: 2494: 2489: 2481: 2476: 2426: 2312: 2301: 2285: 2276: 2271: 2259: 2250: 2241: 2229: 2217: 2130: 2126: 2119: 2108: 2104: 2097: 2093: 2075: 2038: 2034:adding to it 2029: 2005:and Lord of 1973: 1967: 1956: 1941: 1910: 1903: 1885: 1884: 1879: 1873: 1854: 1844: 1841:the Powerful 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1827:His epithet 1826: 1821: 1815: 1811: 1795: 1793: 1776: 1736: 1702: 1683: 1671: 1659: 1646: 1610: 1605: 1595: 1576: 1539: 1527: 1512: 1503:Joanikije II 1500: 1491:Papal States 1487:Latin Church 1484: 1430:Prince Lazar 1422: 1420: 1409: 1393: 1363: 1354: 1339:Please help 1327: 1292: 1281: 1256: 1204: 1156: 1147: 1133: 1115: 1096: 1090: 1072: 1067: 1063: 1060: 1013: 998:, while the 993: 976: 964: 958: 951:Dejan Dragaš 947:Jovan Oliver 940: 927: 923: 919: 881:. The first 874: 844:Joanikije II 837: 815: 795: 791: 783: 777: 765:Thessaloniki 761:Peloponnesus 750: 731: 726: 684: 661: 649: 634: 578: 568: 557:Bojana river 549: 536:St. Nicholas 521:Ivan Stephen 515:in the 1330 475: 461: 450: 435: 400: 360: 344:patriarchate 301: 281: 266: 265: 166:(1355-12-20) 45:Стефан Душан 40:Stefan Dušan 5323:1355 deaths 5318:1308 births 5253:Vuk Vrčević 4742:Archbishops 4733:Simeon Uroš 4628:family tree 4524:Mihailo III 4509:Mihailo III 4451:Jovan Nenad 4421:Pavle Bakić 4416:Radič Božić 3270:, Volume 11 2650:Soulis 1984 2105:"Car Dušan" 2070:Aranđelovac 2013:Foundations 1912:Načertanije 1899:Jovan Rajić 1894:South Slavs 1890:Mavro Orbin 1876:Jovan Nenad 1835:, but also 1515:Mount Athos 1288:Simeon Uroš 1223:Black Death 1152:Marko Murat 1028:Simeon Uroš 933:Symeon Uroš 859:Mount Athos 625:(right) in 621:(left) and 584:Early reign 493: 1308 352:UNESCO site 326:, known as 289: 1308 155: 1308 86:Predecessor 5307:Categories 5278:Bugarštica 5233:Old Rashko 5153:Tsar Dušan 5053:Jug Bogdan 4996:Characters 4514:Aleksandar 3562:0472082604 3499:References 3450:19 October 3230:Logos 2017 3168:0850458331 2931:Nicol 1993 2907:Ryder 2010 2419:Logos 2017 2234:White 2000 2087:In fiction 1869:Charles IV 1845:the Strong 1833:the Mighty 1796:Young King 1698:Paštrovići 1675:Saint Sava 1655:Dušan Code 1650:Saint Sava 1629:Dušan Code 1523:Saint Sava 1390:, Belgrade 1269:foundation 1253:, Belgrade 1134:Young King 937:Jovan Asen 889:Dušan as " 820:series by 755:as far as 561:Nerodimlje 509:War of Hum 385:Fresco of 377:Background 328:Dušan Code 123:Coronation 4877:Anastasia 4770:Vratislav 4728:John Uroš 4653:Vladislav 4475:Karađorđe 4279:at Syrmia 4277:Vladislav 4093:Pribislav 4083:Vlastimir 3966:New title 3726:. Brill. 3642:(1993) . 3549:(1994) . 3512:The Serbs 3218:Fine 1994 3115:Fine 1994 3052:Fine 1994 2871:Fine 1994 2838:Fine 1994 2826:Fine 1994 2765:Fine 1994 2736:Fine 1994 2638:Fine 1994 2626:Fine 1994 2603:century". 2588:8 October 2564:Fine 1994 2552:Fine 1994 2540:Fine 1994 2523:Fine 1994 2469:Fine 1994 2450:Fine 1994 2431:Fine 1994 2374:Fine 1994 2349:Fine 1994 2334:Fine 1994 2317:Fine 1994 2264:Fine 1994 2222:Fine 1994 2210:Fine 1994 1857:folk hero 1837:the Great 1768:Albanians 1759:Jerusalem 1657:in 1349. 1602:prostagma 1535:Jerusalem 1519:Chilandar 1328:does not 1299:canonised 1200:Elizabeth 1138:Nevesinje 1040:Macedonia 1024:Acarnania 1006:in 1350. 851:Nikolas I 734:civil war 700:Strumitsa 676:Dubrovnik 525:Anna Neda 523:(through 467:Biography 134:Successor 96:Successor 5270:See also 5008:Alil-Aga 4870:Consorts 4663:Dragutin 4648:Radoslav 4529:Milan IV 4504:Milan II 4108:Zaharija 4078:Prosigoj 4073:Radoslav 4068:Višeslav 3690:(1956). 3666:(1996). 3533:(1962). 3509:(2004). 3488:delfi.rs 3409:(1986), 3272:, p. 234 3266:The New 3040:customs. 2236:, p. 246 2138:See also 2111:) by Dr 2007:Kastoria 1983:Thessaly 1804:co-ruler 1764:Thessaly 1620:Lawmaker 1579:Ćirković 1186:(modern 1126:Travunia 1032:Thessaly 965:voivodes 942:despotes 918:crowned 895:autocrat 716:Belgrade 623:Višegrad 463:lands". 442:Zahumlje 419:appanage 255:Religion 229:Nemanjić 5378:Ktetors 4821:Brnjača 4780:Urošica 4754:Sava II 4563:Petar I 4553:Milan I 4519:Miloš I 4499:Miloš I 4213:Tihomir 4198:Uroš II 4156:Mihailo 4088:Mutimir 2510:, p. 17 2484:, p. 35 2300:(ed.). 2072:in 2020 1979:Preljub 1970:J. Fine 1880:Emperor 1745:led by 1743:knights 1739:Catalan 1550:Cattaro 1546:Alessio 1542:Cattaro 1457:Prizren 1416:Prizren 1349:removed 1334:sources 1277:Prizren 1219:Skradin 1192:Imotski 1188:Croatia 1130:Konavle 1077:, then 1044:Vojihna 1036:Preljub 1020:Aetolia 973:Vojihna 969:Preljub 939:became 891:Emperor 887:crowned 753:Balkans 627:Prizren 565:Petrich 546:, Italy 538:in the 350:(now a 224:Dynasty 171:Prizren 4826:Zorica 4785:Dmitar 4775:Vratko 4683:Uroš V 4658:Uroš I 4193:Uroš I 4120:Duklja 4113:Časlav 3950: 3905: 3840: 3794: 3772: 3751: 3730: 3711: 3676: 3652: 3629: 3605: 3580: 3559: 3519: 3426: 3390: 3352: 3319: 3292: 3198: 3166: 3091: 3031: 2953: 2894: 2888:p. 149 2884:Serbia 2679: 1975:caesar 1933:Helena 1923:Family 1851:Legacy 1772:Greeks 1755:Serbia 1747:Palman 1694:Grbalj 1667:Serres 1663:Skopje 1614:Greece 1554:Ragusa 1477:Prilep 1423:despot 1384:Mosaic 1271:, the 1176:Cetina 1160:Orbini 1091:Caesar 1087:Servia 1016:Epirus 977:caesar 903:Romans 853:, the 846:, the 840:Skopje 812:Skopje 796:Greeks 792:Romans 788:Serres 757:Kavala 696:Prilep 664:Ragusa 553:Skadar 453:Rudnik 423:Berane 395:UNESCO 320:Skopje 312:Danube 268:Stefan 245:Mother 235:Father 197:Spouse 181:Burial 128:Skopje 63:, 1350 5274:Gusle 5172:Poems 4708:Đorđe 4643:Vukan 4346:Lazar 4203:Beloš 4188:Vukan 4167:Raška 4103:Pavle 4098:Petar 3952:Died: 3945:Born: 2851:p. 15 2296:. In 2180:Notes 2003:Veria 1999:Voden 1952:Orhan 1829:Silni 1598:Greek 1560:Reign 1475:near 1303:saint 1301:as a 1275:near 1231:Kotor 1172:Duvno 1083:Voden 1079:Veria 1066:than 1048:Drama 928:Roman 907:Greek 899:Serbs 780:Krujë 727:Dušan 712:Mačva 692:Ohrid 208:Issue 113:Reign 76:Reign 4800:Desa 4749:Sava 4626:see 4208:Desa 4151:Neda 3947:1308 3903:ISBN 3838:ISBN 3792:ISBN 3770:ISBN 3749:ISBN 3728:ISBN 3709:ISBN 3674:ISBN 3650:ISBN 3627:ISBN 3603:ISBN 3578:ISBN 3557:ISBN 3517:ISBN 3452:2020 3424:ISBN 3388:ISBN 3350:ISBN 3317:ISBN 3290:ISBN 3196:ISBN 3164:ISBN 3089:ISBN 3029:ISBN 2951:ISBN 2892:ISBN 2677:ISBN 2590:2010 2001:and 1937:Uroš 1812:tsar 1808:Zeta 1770:and 1696:and 1552:and 1531:Bari 1332:any 1330:cite 1217:and 1215:Omiš 1211:Klis 1196:Novi 1194:and 1184:Knin 1180:Krka 1174:and 1128:and 1081:and 1022:and 971:and 953:and 916:Uroš 901:and 893:and 784:tsar 763:and 714:and 704:Žiča 668:Ston 544:Bari 480:and 431:Zeta 161:Died 148:Born 3881:hdl 3871:doi 3852:doi 3348:–. 2036:. 1915:by 1843:or 1824:". 1798:as 1757:to 1455:in 1343:by 1209:of 1150:by 1118:Hum 1089:by 905:" ( 897:of 334:of 5309:: 5288:, 5284:, 5280:, 5276:, 3901:. 3879:. 3869:. 3865:. 3601:. 3597:. 3486:. 3468:. 3442:. 3346:47 3204:. 3133:^ 3103:^ 3037:. 2983:^ 2965:^ 2890:. 2857:^ 2806:^ 2772:^ 2743:^ 2722:^ 2685:. 2530:^ 2515:^ 2457:^ 2438:^ 2411:^ 2396:^ 2381:^ 2356:^ 2341:^ 2324:^ 2188:^ 2100:). 1919:. 1847:. 1839:, 1593:. 1544:, 1407:. 1386:, 1305:. 1279:. 1213:, 1070:. 1018:, 983:. 967:) 945:. 740:, 698:, 694:, 542:, 490:c. 433:. 373:. 286:c. 276:: 173:, 152:c. 4981:e 4974:t 4967:v 4605:e 4598:t 4591:v 4050:( 4032:e 4025:t 4018:v 3911:. 3889:. 3883:: 3873:: 3854:: 3819:" 3800:. 3778:. 3757:. 3736:. 3717:. 3682:. 3658:. 3611:. 3586:. 3565:. 3525:. 3490:. 3472:. 3454:. 3396:. 3358:. 3325:. 3298:. 3097:. 2959:. 2688:. 2592:. 2129:( 2115:. 2107:( 2096:( 2043:) 2039:( 1989:( 1639:" 1370:) 1364:( 1359:) 1355:( 1351:. 1337:. 397:) 284:( 272:( 34:. 20:)

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