622:, in an effort to isolate the Palermitan bosses. Despite the larger economic means and the wider international network, the Bontade-Spatola-Inzerillo-Badalamenti network was unable to withstand the overmuch violence of the Corleonesi. The most important members of the Inzerillo, Spatola and Gambino clans were arrested in March 1980 for heroin trafficking, which undermined Bontade's position significantly. In 1981, in an attempt to control the situation, Bontade plotted Totò Riina's killing but the latter learned all through Michele Greco, a Bontade's former ally.
631:
647:
639:
454:(a freemason, like Bontade) was one of those who organised Sindona's travel. The real purpose of the kidnapping was to issue lightly disguised blackmail notes to Sindona's past political allies – among them Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti – to engineer the rescue of his banks and recover Cosa Nostra's money. The plot failed and after his "release" Sindona surrendered to the
538:, a convicted mafioso who used to be a stable manager there. Giuffrè said: "When Vittorio Mangano got the job in the Arcore villa, Stefano Bontade and some of his close aides used to meet Berlusconi using visits to Mangano as an excuse." Berlusconi's lawyer dismissed Giuffrè's testimony as "false" and an attempt to discredit Berlusconi and his party.
583:
replaced him. This marked the end of a period of relative peace and signified a major change in the Mafia itself. Greco was actually allied with
Salvatore Riina, and he subsequently used his position to lure many more of Bontade's friends to their deaths in the subsequent Mafia War. Historically, the
602:
clan. Riina had secretly formed an alliance of mafiosi in different families, cutting across clan divisions, in defiance of the rules concerning loyalty in Cosa Nostra. This secretive inter-family group became known as the
Corleonesi. They slaughtered the ruling families of the Palermo Mafia to take
517:
Andreotti's attempt failed. After the murder of
Mattarella on 6 January 1980, Andreotti again contacted Bontade to try to straighten things out. However, according to Marino Mannoia, Bontade told Andreotti that "we are in charge in Sicily, and unless you want the whole DC canceled out, you do as we
395:
was killed in
September 1970 on the orders of Bontade because of his investigations into the death of Mattei. Buscetta said that Bontade organized the kidnap, because De Mauro's investigations into the death of Mattei came very close to the Mafia, and Bontade's own role in the affair. Other pentiti
375:. Mattei was killed in 1962 at the request of the American Cosa Nostra because his oil policies had damaged important American interests in the Middle East. The American Mafia in turn was possibly doing a favour to the large oil companies. Buscetta claimed that the killing was organized by Bontade,
315:
Bontade was closely linked to the
Spatola-Inzerillo-Gambino network. This network and other Sicilian suppliers dominated heroin trafficking since the mid-1970s until the mid-1980s when US and Italian law enforcement were able to significantly reduce the heroin supply of the Sicilian Mafia (the
566:
who actually would represent the
Corleonesi. At the time Bontade was emerging as one of the Sicilian Mafia's acknowledged leaders. Young, rich, personable, intelligent and judicious, as well as the son of a renowned Mafia boss, it all made Bontade an undisputed candidate to sit on the
228:
changed the Mafia war into a war against the Mafia. It prompted the first concerted anti-mafia efforts by the state in post-war Italy. Within a period of ten weeks 1,200 mafiosi were arrested, many of whom would be kept out of circulation for five or six years. The
194:, Sicily, into a family of Mafiosi. His father and grandfather were both powerful Mafia bosses in the area Villagrazia, Santa Maria di Gesù and Guadagna, which were rural districts before they were absorbed into the city of Palermo in the 1960s. Stefano's father,
522:(Berlusconi was prime minister from 1994–1995, 2001–2006, and from 2008 to 2011). At the time, Berlusconi was still just a wealthy real estate developer and started his private television empire. Bontade visited Berlusconi's villa in Arcore on the outskirts of
400:, a mafioso from Bontade's Santa Maria di Gesù Family. De Mauro's body has never been found. Marino Mannoia testified that he had been ordered by Bontade in 1977 or 1978 to dig up several bodies, including De Mauro's, and dissolve them in acid.
458:. The Sindona-affair showed the close links between the Mafia and certain important businessmen, freemasons and politicians. In the aftermath of the investigations it appeared that many of them were connected through the secret P2 lodge (
33:
510:. Mattarella became the President of the autonomous Sicilian Region in 1978 and wanted to clean up the government's public contracts racket that benefitted Cosa Nostra. Bontade and other mafiosi felt betrayed by Mattarella (his father
350:
recalled having refined at least 1,000 kilograms of heroin for
Bontade. Marino Mannoia, who had been close to Bontade, decided to cooperate with the Italian state in October 1989, after his brother was killed by the
237:, though only ten minor figures would be convicted of anything. Bontade nonetheless managed to remain a highly important figure within Cosa Nostra, and he was also one of those responsible for ordering the death of
681:
Many of
Bontade and Inzerillo's friends, fellow mafiosi and relatives were cut down in the following months to prevent them from avenging the death of their bosses. One of Bontade's close friends was
606:
The
Corleonesi initiated the war against the coalition led by Bontade and Badalamenti to try to control heroin trafficking. They began by first eliminating Bontade's allies outside Palermo, including
571:. In 1975, the full Commission was reconstituted under the leadership of Badalamenti. The Mafia Commission was meant to settle disputes and keep the peace, but Leggio and his stand-in and successor,
300:, was initiated into the Santa Maria di Gesù Family. It was only through cigarette smuggling and subsequently heroin trafficking that many mafiosi were able to survive the difficult period after the
450:
While under indictment in the US, Sindona staged a bogus kidnapping in August 1979 to conceal a mysterious 11-week trip to Sicily before his scheduled fraud trial. Bontade's brother in law
312:
did a little bit of cigarette smuggling and gave him part of the profits, "because they were starving to death." Spadaro was related to
Bontade, being a godfather to one of his children.
435:
seven times – and who once defined Sindona as the "rescuer of the lira". After Sindona's banks went bankrupt in 1974, Sindona fled to the US. In July 1979, Sindona ordered the murder of
272:). The policy of banishing mafiosi to other areas in Italy backfired, because they were able to establish contacts outside the island as well. Bontade, for instance, linked up with
658:
On the evening of April 23, 1981, while driving home from his 42nd birthday party in Palermo, Bontate was killed; this happened at a red light in via Aloi while sitting in his
1800:
603:
control of the organisation, while waging a parallel war against Italian authorities and law enforcement to intimidate and prevent effective investigations and prosecutions.
209:, who would become a lawyer, studied at a Jesuit college. In 1964, at the age of 25, Stefano Bontade became the boss of the Santa Maria di Gesù Mafia Family when his father,
260:– Chief Prosecutor of Palermo – on 6 May 1971, the police rounded up the known Mafia bosses. Bontade was arrested in 1972 and he was sentenced to three years in the second
2021:
498:, ruled in October 2004 that Andreotti had "friendly and even direct ties" with top men in the so-called moderate wing of Cosa Nostra, Stefano Bontade and
2026:
584:
Greco clan from Croceverde Giardini had been at odds with the Greco clan of Ciaculli led by Salvatore "Ciaschiteddu" Greco, of whom Bontade was an ally.
880:
221:
in June 1963 that killed seven police and military officers sent to defuse a bomb in an abandoned Alfa Romeo Giulietta after an anonymous phone call.
346:, who belonged to the Santa Maria di Gesù Family and who was highly sought after by all Mafia families for his skills in chemistry, after becoming a
1213:
925:
1927:
1667:
1013:
910:
1651:
730:
1826:
1065:
895:
376:
490:
who acted as the tax collectors on the island (tax collection was contracted out by the government). Through them Bontade had access to
2036:
217:). The Mafia went through difficult times at that moment. A bloody internal struggle (known as the First Mafia War) culminated in the
2031:
1806:
1186:
1169:
1155:
1141:
1127:
1708:
693:, one of Bontade's trusted aides, followed Buscetta's example. They were the key witnesses that enabled prosecuting magistrates
579:. At the close of 1978, the leadership of the Sicilian Mafia changed. Gaetano Badalamenti, was expelled from the Commission and
2016:
1304:
447:, who was investigating the Mafia's heroin trafficking and had contacted Ambrosoli two weeks before to compare investigations.
1646:
795:
355:(and subsequently saw his mother, his sister and his aunt killed as well). According to Marino Mannoia, Sicilian-born banker
292:
by imposing first their protection, and later their involvement, upon the smugglers in Naples (who were connected with the
1880:
1347:
1206:
332:, the investigating magistrate, the group had made about US$ 600 million. The proceeds were re-invested in real estate.
514:
was rumored to be associated with the Mafia, but all accusations against him were not proven before any court of law).
1842:
1400:
1385:
1317:
659:
420:
233:
was dissolved and those mafiosi who had escaped arrest went into exile abroad or had to hide out in Italy. In 1968,
1768:
1242:
328:– in New York with heroin that was refined in laboratories on the island from Turkish morphine base. According to
2041:
1726:
1236:
568:
547:
230:
1980:
503:
343:
397:
246:
1762:
1199:
440:
432:
296:) and Palermo who had been running this activity since the 1950s. For instance, a thriving smuggler such as
195:
1853:
1472:
412:
317:
1774:
1571:
1355:
598:
The Second Mafia War raged from 1981 to 1984. In fact, two wars were being waged simultaneously by the
427:), according to a 1982 parliamentary inquiry. The inquiry also pointed out Sindona's relationship with
297:
264:
in July 1974, but the sentence was annulled in appeal. Nevertheless, Bontade was sent in banishment to
273:
2011:
2006:
1975:
1890:
1885:
1870:
1796:
1720:
1513:
1485:
1462:
1457:
1380:
607:
550:
was revived. It consisted of ten members but would initially be ruled by a triumvirate consisting of
507:
380:
333:
321:
309:
250:
1025:
451:
1732:
1360:
675:
576:
551:
531:
527:
511:
499:
495:
289:
198:, was one of the most powerful mafiosi on the island and a pallbearer at the funeral of Mafia boss
534:
but turned state witness after his arrest in April 2002. Bontade's contact at Arcore was the late
1985:
1947:
1932:
1750:
1447:
1409:
690:
611:
269:
202:– one of the most influential Mafia bosses of Sicily after World War II until his death in 1954.
359:
laundered the proceeds of heroin trafficking for the Bontade-Spatola-Inzerillo-Gambino network.
1744:
1566:
1442:
1375:
1370:
1182:
1165:
1151:
1137:
1123:
663:
519:
436:
305:
301:
225:
218:
678:
was shot to death outside his mistress house by a group of hitmen armed with the same rifle.
367:
In May 1994 Mafia turncoat Buscetta declared that Bontade had been involved in the murder of
1811:
1791:
1714:
1689:
1626:
1599:
1581:
1533:
1422:
1365:
1174:
1040:
698:
694:
682:
651:
593:
535:
491:
428:
329:
261:
257:
238:
234:
206:
199:
179:
167:
304:. But then they started to accumulate large amounts of money rapidly. According to pentito
1937:
1683:
1427:
1390:
572:
563:
408:
356:
1942:
1910:
1756:
1738:
1266:
1222:
702:
667:
630:
559:
459:
444:
392:
147:
127:
2000:
1957:
1875:
1589:
1452:
1332:
1247:
1162:
Octopus. How the long reach of the Sicilian Mafia controls the global narcotics trade
580:
575:, were plotting to decimate the Palermo clans, including Bontade and Bontade's ally,
506:, Andreotti contacted Bontade to try to prevent the Mafia from killing DC-politician
483:
479:
368:
242:
646:
638:
1915:
1252:
388:
384:
325:
288:
Bontade and other banished mafiosi managed to get into the market of international
1432:
1066:
uccisi a tavola i nemici. i corpi sciolti nell'acido - archiviostorico.corriere.it
1962:
1900:
1523:
1278:
463:
171:
163:
340:, became Palermo's largest building contractor and biggest taxpayer of Sicily.
1922:
1895:
1847:
1816:
1541:
1518:
1287:
1283:
1262:
706:
599:
555:
475:
352:
175:
32:
1620:
1495:
1437:
1417:
1272:
1322:
1556:
1546:
1312:
1179:
Excellent Cadavers. The Mafia and the Death of the First Italian Republic
689:(collaborating witness) after he was arrested in Brazil in October 1983.
670:
also known as Scarpuzzedda ("little shoe") who shot him to death with an
502:, favoured by the connection between them and Lima. According to pentito
416:
265:
214:
1905:
1821:
1594:
1505:
1337:
1293:
686:
619:
347:
337:
293:
277:
191:
151:
57:
1952:
1604:
1561:
1551:
674:, leaving him unrecognizable. Three weeks later Bontade's close ally
487:
411:
was in charge of one of the biggest banks in the United States, the
1490:
1256:
671:
645:
637:
629:
615:
523:
474:
Stefano Bontade had links with the Christian Democracy politician
158:(Prince of Villagrazia) − the area of Palermo he controlled − and
1191:
926:
De Mauro, la verità di Mannoia; Sciolsi il suo corpo nell' acido'
642:
Bontate's body after he was shot multiple times with ak 47 rounds
1480:
1327:
371:, the president of Italy's state-owned oil and gas conglomerate
1195:
518:
say." In the mid-1970s, Stefano Bontade was also in touch with
455:
372:
213:
Bontade, stepped down because of ill-health (he suffered from
443:. At the same time the Mafia killed police superintendent
336:, who in his youth peddled watered milk in the streets of
320:). The Bontade-Spatola-Inzerillo traffickers supplied the
662:. At 11:30 pm, he was reached by a motorcycle driven by
150:. He was the boss of the Santa Maria di Gesù Family in
1134:
The Sicilian Mafia: The Business of Private Protection
190:
Bontade was born Stefano Bontate on 23 April 1939 in
796:
La strage di viale Lazio spiegata dal pentito chiave
419:
foreign investments, and was a major sponsor of the
170:. In 1981 he was killed by the rival faction within
1863:
1835:
1784:
1699:
1676:
1660:
1639:
1613:
1580:
1532:
1504:
1471:
1408:
1399:
1346:
1303:
1229:
123:
105:
97:
89:
81:
65:
39:
23:
1148:Mafia Brotherhoods: Organized Crime, Italian Style
162:(the Falcon). He had links with several powerful
530:, a mafioso who was a key aide to Mafia kingpin
1043:by Philip Willan, The Observer, 12 January 2003
938:
936:
934:
1933:Sicilian brigandage and rebels (20th century)
1207:
1026:Berlusconi implicated in deal with godfathers
439:, a lawyer appointed to liquidate his failed
8:
1120:Cosa Nostra. A history of the Sicilian Mafia
1036:
1034:
1009:
1007:
980:
978:
881:Buscetta: 'Cosa nostra uccise Enrico Mattei'
873:
871:
869:
391:. Buscetta also claimed that the journalist
775:
773:
771:
741:
739:
723:
721:
705:to successfully prosecute the Mafia in the
1405:
1214:
1200:
1192:
757:
755:
284:Cigarette smuggling and heroin trafficking
20:
280:, who would be initiated in Cosa Nostra.
182:that left several hundred mafiosi dead.
1668:Grand Hotel et des Palmes Mafia meeting
717:
308:, Bontade used to say that fortunately
1652:List of Sicilian Mafia members by city
142:(23 April 1939 – 23 April 1981), born
1827:List of victims of the Sicilian Mafia
731:Trent'anni fa l'assassinio di Bontade
7:
1150:, New York: Oxford University Press
1136:, London: Harvard University Press,
396:said that De Mauro was kidnapped by
1041:Mafia supergrass fingers Berlusconi
166:in Sicily, and with prime minister
2022:Mafiosi murdered by the Corleonesi
1164:, New York: Simon & Schuster,
911:Il debutto in aula dell'ex padrino
387:, a Sicilian born Mafia boss from
14:
2027:People murdered by the Corleonesi
1928:Italian brigandage (19th century)
1807:Direzione Investigativa Antimafia
913:, La Repubblica, 19 February 2011
486:, two wealthy mafia-cousins from
1709:Portella della Ginestra massacre
1016:, Time Magazine, 12 January 2003
403:
241:by sending two of his soldiers,
205:Stefano Bontade and his brother
31:
16:Italian Mafia member (1939–1981)
1028:, The Guardian, 5 December 2002
896:Quando Buscetta riapri' il caso
146:, was a powerful member of the
1739:Via Federico Pipitone massacre
1647:List of Sicilian Mafia members
733:, La Repubblica, 23 April 2011
377:Salvatore Greco "Ciaschiteddu"
1:
1014:Who Are You Going To Believe?
898:, La Repubblica, 22 June 1995
494:. Italy's highest court, the
1881:Article 41-bis prison regime
1797:Italian Antimafia Commission
1792:Sangiorgi report (1898-1900)
883:, La Repubblica, 23 May 1994
798:, LiveSicilia, 28 April 2009
685:, who subsequently became a
1843:1960s Sicilian Mafia trials
186:Early life and Mafia career
154:. He was also known as the
2058:
1769:Via dei Georgofili bombing
1243:Interprovincial Commission
591:
554:, Stefano Bontade and the
404:Sindona's bogus kidnapping
276:of the Maisto-clan of the
2037:Sicilian Mafia Commission
1971:
1727:Circonvallazione massacre
1160:Sterling, Claire (1990).
660:Alfa romeo giulietta 2000
634:Photo of the murder scene
569:Sicilian Mafia Commission
548:Sicilian Mafia Commission
542:Sicilian Mafia Commission
231:Sicilian Mafia Commission
133:
119:
30:
2032:People murdered in Italy
1981:Organized crime in Italy
928:, La Repubblica, 12 2006
504:Francesco Marino Mannoia
344:Francesco Marino Mannoia
85:Multiple gunshots wounds
1146:Paoli, Letizia (2003).
1132:Gambetta, Diego (1993).
433:prime minister of Italy
196:Francesco Paolo Bontade
156:Principe di Villagrazia
110:Principe di Villagrazia
2017:Gangsters from Palermo
1854:Pizza Connection Trial
1473:Caltanissetta Province
655:
643:
635:
441:Banca Privata Italiana
413:Franklin National Bank
1775:Via Palestro massacre
1572:San Mauro Castelverde
1118:Dickie, John (2004).
649:
641:
633:
470:Political connections
256:After the killing of
249:, to kill him in the
1976:American Cosa Nostra
1891:Banda della Magliana
1886:Banda della Comasina
1871:American Cosa Nostra
1763:Via D'Amelio bombing
1721:Viale Lazio massacre
1486:Vallelunga Pratameno
1463:Campobello di Licata
1458:Palma di Montechiaro
1181:, New York: Vintage
650:The discovery of an
608:Giuseppe Di Cristina
508:Piersanti Mattarella
431:– who served as the
425:Democrazia Cristiana
381:Giuseppe Di Cristina
251:Viale Lazio massacre
178:. His death sparked
1733:Via Carini massacre
1122:, London: Coronet,
972:, p. 148/310/383-84
676:Salvatore Inzerillo
577:Salvatore Inzerillo
552:Gaetano Badalamenti
532:Bernardo Provenzano
512:Bernardo Mattarella
500:Gaetano Badalamenti
421:Christian Democracy
398:Emanuele D'Agostino
290:cigarette smuggling
247:Emanuele D'Agostino
82:Cause of death
1986:Mafia bibliography
1948:Sacra Corona Unita
1751:Pizzolungo bombing
1448:Sambuca di Sicilia
1410:Agrigento Province
1104:Excellent Cadavers
999:Excellent Cadavers
970:Excellent Cadavers
957:Excellent Cadavers
861:Excellent Cadavers
835:The Sicilian Mafia
822:Mafia Brotherhoods
809:The Sicilian Mafia
781:Excellent Cadavers
763:Excellent Cadavers
709:in the mid-1980s.
691:Salvatore Contorno
656:
654:carried by Bontate
644:
636:
612:Giuseppe Calderone
562:, although it was
496:Court of Cassation
383:on the request of
270:province of Naples
180:a brutal Mafia War
1994:
1993:
1745:Train 904 bombing
1635:
1634:
1567:Belmonte Mezzagno
1175:Stille, Alexander
664:Giuseppe Lucchese
520:Silvio Berlusconi
437:Giorgio Ambrosoli
415:, controlled the
324:Family – through
306:Antonio Calderone
302:Ciaculli Massacre
298:Nunzio La Mattina
235:114 went to trial
226:Ciaculli Massacre
219:Ciaculli Massacre
137:
136:
2049:
2042:Sicilian mafiosi
1812:State-Mafia Pact
1715:Ciaculli bombing
1690:Second Mafia War
1600:Mazara del Vallo
1582:Trapani Province
1534:Palermo Province
1423:Santa Elisabetta
1406:
1386:Cuntrera-Caruana
1230:Chain of command
1216:
1209:
1202:
1193:
1107:
1100:
1094:
1087:
1081:
1074:
1068:
1063:
1057:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1029:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1002:
995:
989:
982:
973:
966:
960:
953:
947:
940:
929:
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920:
914:
909:
905:
899:
894:
890:
884:
879:
875:
864:
857:
851:
844:
838:
831:
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818:
812:
805:
799:
794:
790:
784:
777:
766:
759:
750:
743:
734:
729:
725:
699:Paolo Borsellino
695:Giovanni Falcone
683:Tommaso Buscetta
666:with behind him
614:, the bosses of
594:Second Mafia War
588:Second Mafia War
536:Vittorio Mangano
528:Antonino Giuffrè
492:Giulio Andreotti
429:Giulio Andreotti
330:Giovanni Falcone
318:Pizza Connection
274:Giuseppe Sciorio
262:Trial of the 114
258:Pietro Scaglione
239:Michele Cavataio
207:Giovanni Bontade
200:Calogero Vizzini
168:Giulio Andreotti
106:Other names
72:
53:
51:
35:
21:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2046:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1967:
1938:Mala del Brenta
1859:
1831:
1780:
1701:
1695:
1684:First Mafia War
1672:
1656:
1631:
1609:
1576:
1528:
1500:
1467:
1428:Porto Empedocle
1395:
1342:
1305:Codes and terms
1299:
1225:
1220:
1115:
1110:
1101:
1097:
1088:
1084:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1060:
1051:
1047:
1039:
1032:
1024:
1020:
1012:
1005:
996:
992:
983:
976:
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941:
932:
922:
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917:
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892:
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867:
858:
854:
845:
841:
832:
828:
819:
815:
806:
802:
792:
791:
787:
778:
769:
760:
753:
744:
737:
727:
726:
719:
715:
628:
596:
590:
573:Salvatore Riina
564:Salvatore Riina
544:
526:, according to
472:
409:Michele Sindona
406:
365:
357:Michele Sindona
334:Rosario Spatola
310:Tommaso Spadaro
286:
188:
144:Stefano Bontate
140:Stefano Bontade
90:Body discovered
77:
74:
70:
61:
55:
49:
47:
46:
45:
44:Stefano Bontate
26:
25:Stefano Bontade
17:
12:
11:
5:
2055:
2053:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
1999:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1911:Corsican mafia
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1794:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1757:Capaci bombing
1754:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1730:
1724:
1718:
1712:
1705:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1538:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1309:
1307:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1281:
1276:
1270:
1267:Capomandamento
1260:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1223:Sicilian Mafia
1221:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1204:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1172:
1158:
1144:
1130:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1095:
1082:
1069:
1058:
1045:
1030:
1018:
1003:
990:
974:
961:
948:
930:
915:
900:
885:
865:
852:
839:
826:
813:
800:
785:
767:
751:
735:
716:
714:
711:
703:Antimafia pool
668:Giuseppe Greco
627:
624:
592:Main article:
589:
586:
560:Luciano Leggio
543:
540:
471:
468:
460:Propaganda Due
452:Giacomo Vitale
445:Boris Giuliano
405:
402:
393:Mauro De Mauro
364:
361:
285:
282:
187:
184:
148:Sicilian Mafia
135:
134:
131:
130:
128:Sicilian Mafia
125:
121:
120:
117:
116:
107:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
76:Palermo, Italy
75:
73:(aged 42)
67:
63:
62:
56:
43:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2054:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2002:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1958:Stuppagghiari
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1876:Anonima sarda
1874:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
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1728:
1725:
1722:
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1713:
1710:
1707:
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1704:
1698:
1691:
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1679:
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1644:
1642:
1638:
1628:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:Castelvetrano
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1453:Casteltermini
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1248:Capo dei capi
1246:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1188:
1187:0-09-959491-9
1184:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1170:0-671-73402-4
1167:
1163:
1159:
1157:
1156:0-19-515724-9
1153:
1149:
1145:
1143:
1142:0-674-80742-1
1139:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1128:0-340-82435-2
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
994:
991:
987:
981:
979:
975:
971:
965:
962:
958:
952:
949:
945:
939:
937:
935:
931:
927:
919:
916:
912:
904:
901:
897:
889:
886:
882:
874:
872:
870:
866:
862:
856:
853:
849:
843:
840:
836:
830:
827:
823:
817:
814:
810:
804:
801:
797:
789:
786:
782:
776:
774:
772:
768:
764:
758:
756:
752:
748:
742:
740:
736:
732:
724:
722:
718:
712:
710:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
679:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
653:
648:
640:
632:
626:Assassination
625:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
604:
601:
595:
587:
585:
582:
581:Michele Greco
578:
574:
570:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
546:In 1970, the
541:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
515:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
484:Ignazio Salvo
481:
480:Antonio Salvo
477:
469:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
401:
399:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
369:Enrico Mattei
363:Mattei affair
362:
360:
358:
354:
349:
345:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
283:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
254:
252:
248:
244:
243:Gaetano Grado
240:
236:
232:
227:
222:
220:
216:
212:
208:
203:
201:
197:
193:
185:
183:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
132:
129:
126:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
69:23 April 1981
68:
64:
59:
54:23 April 1939
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1916:Unione Corse
1702:and bombings
1178:
1161:
1147:
1133:
1119:
1113:Bibliography
1103:
1098:
1090:
1085:
1077:
1072:
1061:
1053:
1048:
1021:
998:
993:
985:
969:
964:
956:
951:
946:, p. 190-202
943:
923:(in Italian)
918:
908:(in Italian)
903:
893:(in Italian)
888:
878:(in Italian)
860:
855:
850:, p. 199-201
847:
842:
834:
829:
821:
816:
808:
803:
793:(in Italian)
788:
780:
762:
746:
728:(in Italian)
680:
657:
605:
597:
545:
516:
473:
449:
424:
423:party (DC –
407:
389:Philadelphia
385:Angelo Bruno
366:
342:
326:John Gambino
314:
287:
255:
223:
210:
204:
189:
159:
155:
143:
139:
138:
113:
109:
71:(1981-04-23)
18:
2012:1981 deaths
2007:1939 births
1963:Vendicatori
1943:'Ndrangheta
1901:Beati Paoli
1856:(1985–1986)
1850:(1986–1992)
1692:(1981–1984)
1686:(1962–1963)
1524:Pagliarelli
1514:Porta Nuova
1279:Consigliere
1275:(Sottocapo)
1106:, p. 108-09
1080:, p. 373-75
1078:Cosa Nostra
988:, p. 423-24
986:Cosa Nostra
824:, p. 148-49
749:, p. 337-38
747:Cosa Nostra
464:Licio Gelli
211:Don Paolino
172:Cosa Nostra
164:politicians
98:Nationality
2001:Categories
1896:Basilischi
1848:Maxi Trial
1817:Addiopizzo
1542:Camporeale
1519:Brancaccio
1401:Mandamenti
1356:Corleonesi
1318:Mandamento
1288:Caporegime
1284:Capodecina
1237:Commission
1089:Sterling,
1052:Sterling,
959:, p. 37-42
942:Sterling,
846:Sterling,
833:Gambetta,
807:Gambetta,
765:, p. 52-54
713:References
707:Maxi Trial
600:Corleonesi
556:Corleonesi
476:Salvo Lima
353:Corleonesi
316:so-called
176:Corleonesi
124:Allegiance
50:1939-04-23
1785:Antimafia
1700:Massacres
1621:Mistretta
1496:Mussomeli
1438:Cianciana
1433:Canicattì
1418:Agrigento
1381:Inzerillo
1296:(Soldier)
1273:Underboss
1661:Meetings
1627:Siracusa
1557:Bagheria
1547:Corleone
1391:Graviano
1361:Galatolo
1313:Made man
1239:(Cupola)
1177:(1995).
1102:Stille,
1093:, p. 209
1076:Dickie,
1056:, p. 112
1001:, p. 391
997:Stille,
984:Dickie,
968:Stille,
955:Stille,
859:Stille,
837:, p. 312
811:, p. 231
783:, p. 103
779:Stille,
761:Stille,
745:Dickie,
701:and the
268:(in the
266:Qualiano
215:diabetes
160:Il Falco
114:Il Falco
93:In a car
1923:Garduña
1906:Camorra
1864:Related
1822:Pentito
1801:members
1640:Members
1595:Trapani
1506:Palermo
1338:Pizzino
1294:Soldato
1091:Octopus
1054:Octopus
944:Octopus
863:, p. 37
848:Octopus
820:Paoli,
687:pentito
652:Handgun
620:Catania
417:Vatican
348:pentito
338:Palermo
322:Gambino
294:Camorra
278:Camorra
192:Palermo
152:Palermo
101:Italian
60:, Italy
58:Palermo
1953:Stidda
1836:Trials
1777:(1993)
1771:(1993)
1765:(1992)
1759:(1992)
1753:(1985)
1747:(1984)
1741:(1983)
1735:(1982)
1729:(1982)
1723:(1969)
1717:(1963)
1711:(1947)
1605:Alcamo
1562:Trabia
1552:Cinisi
1443:Ribera
1376:Motisi
1371:Minore
1323:Omertà
1253:Family
1185:
1168:
1154:
1140:
1126:
488:Salemi
379:, and
174:, the
1614:Other
1491:Riesi
1366:Greco
1348:Clans
1333:Pizzo
1328:Faida
1257:Cosca
672:AK-47
616:Riesi
558:boss
524:Milan
462:) of
1677:Wars
1625:Sud
1481:Gela
1263:Boss
1183:ISBN
1166:ISBN
1152:ISBN
1138:ISBN
1124:ISBN
697:and
618:and
610:and
482:and
478:and
245:and
224:The
66:Died
40:Born
456:FBI
373:ENI
2003::
1033:^
1006:^
977:^
933:^
868:^
770:^
754:^
738:^
720:^
466:.
253:.
112:,
1803:)
1799:(
1290:)
1286:(
1269:)
1265:(
1259:)
1255:(
1215:e
1208:t
1201:v
52:)
48:(
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