763:. Although "premature ... the Fredonian Rebellion sparked the powder for later success." For this event, Austin raised troops to fight with Mexican troops against the Texas rebels. With the colonists numbering more than 11,000 by 1832, they were becoming less amenable to Austin's cautious leadership, and also, the Mexican government was becoming less cooperative. It was concerned with the growth of the colony and the efforts of the U.S. government to buy the state from them. The Mexican government had attempted to stop further U.S. immigration as early as April 1830, but Austin's skills gained an exemption for his colonies. He granted land to immigrants based on 640 acres (2.6 km) to the husband, 320 to the wife, 160 for every child, and 80 for every slave.
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468:. Two weeks before the first Arkansas territorial elections in 1820, Austin declared his candidacy for Congress. His late entrance meant his name did not appear on the ballot in two of the five counties, but he still placed second in the field of six candidates. Later, he was appointed as a judge for the First Circuit Court. Over the next few months, Little Rock was designated as the territorial capital. But Austin's claim to land in the area was contested, and the courts ruled against him. The Territorial Assembly reorganized the government and abolished Austin's judgeship.
677:. They were bringing home a canoe full of corn on the Colorado River, near the mouth of Skull Creek. Later the same evening, Robert Brotherton was riding along a trail near Skull Creek, when he was "met by the Indians, robbed of his guns and perceiving he was in danger of his life after making his escape, was wounded in the back with an arrow, very severely. A volunteer militia was organized and went to the scene of the robbery. They followed the tracks to a nearby encampment and slew nineteen of them, scalped them and plundered their camp", wrote one of the participants,
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it "oppressive" and a "plundering, robbing, autocratical government" without regard for the security of "life, liberty or property". Resisting the impact a changed slavery policy would have on economic growth, and fearing rumors of Mexico's plan to free the slaves and turn them loose upon the colonists, shortly after Austin returned from Mexico, he and his colonists took up arms against the
Mexican government. Austin later gained U.S. Government support for his revolution when he wrote to Senator
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accusations of cannibalism were false, possibly caused by confusion with another tribe, and that the
Karankawa were horrified by cannibalism when they learned of it being practiced by shipwrecked Spaniards. Austin told the colonists that the Karankawa would be impossible to live among,. Austin continued to encourage violence both against and between the Indian tribes, culminating in 1825 with his order for all Kawankawa to be pursued and killed on sight.
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conditions of slaves and transitioning freedmen. Austin –– who had been so effective in persuading the legislature, however, that the author of
Article 13 (before its passage) requested to withdraw it –– helped his colonists evade the law by advising them to legally supplant the word "slave" with the words "workingmen," "family servants," and "laborers," and by working to pass a decree that banned
700:. Austin had obtained further contracts to settle an additional 900 families between 1825 and 1829. He had effective civil and military authority over the settlers, but he was quick to introduce a semblance of American law – the Constitution of Coahuila y Tejas was agreed on in November 1827. Austin organized small, informal armed groups to protect the colonists, which evolved into the
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932:. He was taken to Mexico City and imprisoned. No charges were filed against him as no court would take jurisdiction. He was moved from prison to prison. He was released under bond in December 1834 and required to stay in the Federal District. He was fully freed under the general amnesty in July 1835 and in August 1835 left Mexico to return to Texas via New Orleans.
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to Texas until slavery was guaranteed there. Austin conceded that the success of his colony was dependent on slavery. Without slaves, the colonists would lack the mass labor to cultivate the land, which would stall the pace of immigration needed to develop and increase the value of the land, and would deflate the economy and motivate his colonists to leave.
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545:, a San Antonio native with ambitious visions of the future of Texas, befriended Stephen F. Austin, and the two developed a lasting association. Navarro, proficient in Spanish and Mexican law, assisted Austin in obtaining his empresario contracts. In San Antonio, the grant was reauthorized by Governor
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In 1826, when a state committee proposed abolishing slavery outright, 25 percent of the people in Austin's colony were slaves. Austin's colonists, mostly pro-slavery immigrants from the south, threatened to leave Texas if the proposition passed, while prospective
Southern immigrants hesitated to come
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in 100, or 200 years. The idea of seeing such a country as this overrun by a slave population almost makes me weep. It is in vain to tell a North
American that the white population will be destroyed some fifty or eighty years hence by the negroes, and that his daughters will be violated and Butchered
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In May 1835, Austin's colonists learned that Mexico's tolerance for the evasions of slaveowners was drawing to a close, with its proposal of new abolition legislation. Alarmed, and with Austin imprisoned in Mexico for pushing for independence, colonists turned against the
Mexican government, calling
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and was to be forwarded to Mexico City, nothing more was heard of it. By 1828, the ruling faction in Mexico was afraid the liberal elements in Texas might try to gain their independence. Fully aware of the political philosophies of
American Freemasons, the Mexican government outlawed Freemasonry on
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rivers. A family of a husband, wife, and two children would receive 1,280 acres (520 ha) at twelve and a half cents per acre. Farmers could get 177 acres (72 ha) and ranchers 4,428 acres (1,792 ha). In
December 1821, the first U.S. colonists crossed into the granted territory by land
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at the Battle of San
Jacinto. Austin returned to Texas to rest at Peach Point in August. On August 4, he announced his candidacy for president of Texas. Austin felt confident he could win the election until two weeks before the election, when on August 20, Houston entered the race. Austin wrote,
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Austin sought an area for his colonists on the land near the mouth of the
Colorado River (Texas) for his colony, that could provide a good supply of clean potable water. Austin laid claim to rich tracts of land near bays and river mouths already populated by the Karankawa. The Karankawa relied on
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to slaveowners for every slave emancipated by the state, warned that the loss of slaves could leave some colonists destitute, and reasoned that freeing them would not only leave his settlers alone in the harsh Texas environment, but would also expose them to the discomfort and nuisance of living
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at noon on December 27, 1836. He was at the home of George B. McKinstry, near what is now West Columbia, Texas. He was 43. Austin's last words were "The independence of Texas is recognized! Don't you see it in the papers?..." Upon hearing of Austin's death, Houston ordered an official statement
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While Austin thought it would be advantageous some day for Texas to phase out of slavery, up until the Texas Revolution he worked to ensure that his colony's immigrants could bypass the Mexican government's resistance to it. Doing so ensured the population growth and economic development of his
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Slavery was a very important issue to Austin, one he called "of great interest" to him. Austin was a periodical slaveowner throughout his life; however, he had conflicting views about it. Theoretically, he believed slavery was wrong and went against the American ideal of liberty. In practice,
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Austin was greeted by the native Karankawa inhabitants with the help of his Mexican scouts, they watched closely as the immigrants unloaded their goods, so that their two sloops could navigate safely up the shallows of the Colorado River. When the Karankawa noticed that only four armed men were
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In 1828, Austin petitioned the legislature to guarantee that slaveowners, immigrating to Texas, could legally "free" their slaves before immigrating, and contract them into a lifetime term of indentured servitude, thereby avoiding recognizing them as slaves. He lobbied to help his colony elude
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into law. Despite the law complying with some of his requests, Austin called it "unconstitutional". He contested the law as it freed the children of slaves at birth, established a six-month grace period before fully emancipating all slaves in the state, and included provisions to improve the
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Austin wrote that extermination of the Karankawa would be necessary, even though his first encounter with the tribe was friendly. He talked to the settlers of cannibalism and extreme violence of the Karankawa, sometimes more specifically the Carancaguases. Research has suggested that these
642:, Austin was to receive 67,000 acres of land for each 200 families he brought to Texas. According to the law, immigrants were not required to pay fees to the government. Some of the immigrants denied Austin's right to charge them for services at the rate of 12.5 cents/acre (31 cents/ha).
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however, he agreed with the social, economic, and political justifications for it, and worked hard to defend and expand it. Despite his defense of it, he also harbored concerns that the long-term effects of slavery would destroy American society. He grew particularly concerned following
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1100:, features a statue of Austin, sponsored by The Stephen F. Austin 500, sculpted by David Adickes, with a base of 12-feet and a total statue height of 72-feet. The base is 2 feet taller than the base of the Sam Houston statue in Huntsville, Texas, but the statue is 7 feet shorter.
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Austin attracted numerous Anglo-American settlers to move to Texas, and by 1825 Austin had brought the first 300 American families into the territory. Throughout the 1820s, Austin sought to maintain good relations with the Mexican government, and he helped suppress the
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and sugar. In August 1825, he recommended that the state government allow immigrants to bring their slaves with them through 1840, with the caveat that female grandchildren of the slaves would be freed by age 15 and males by age 25. His recommendation was rejected.
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abdicated in March 1823, the law was annulled once again. In April 1823, Austin induced the congress to grant him a contract to bring 300 families into Texas. He wanted honest, hard-working people who would make the colony a success. In 1824, the congress passed a
917:: resumption of immigration, tariff exemption, separation from Coahuila, and a new state government for Texas. Austin did not support these demands; he considered them ill-timed and tried to moderate them. When they were repeated and extended at the
989:"Many of the old settlers who are too blind to see or understand their interest will vote for him." Houston carried East Texas, the Red River region, and most of the soldiers' votes. Austin received 587 votes to Sam Houston's 5,119 and
541:, with the intent of reauthorizing his father's grant; they arrived on August 12. While in transit, they learned Mexico had declared its independence from Spain, and Texas had become a Mexican province, rather than a Spanish territory.
1193:(great, great, great-grandfather—biography published by Stanford University Press). Accordingly, history records noteworthy social contributions in each generation of Stephen's family dating back to the early seventeenth century.
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amongst freed slaves, who would become vagrants seeking retribution upon their former owners. While he waited for the legislature's verdict of his request, Austin went into a deep depression over the issue and sent his brother,
357:, who had served as a general in the war and entered the race two weeks before the election. Houston appointed Austin as Secretary of State for the new republic, and Austin held that position until his death in December 1836.
534:, in 1821, when he learned of his father's death. "This news has effected me very much, he was one of the most feeling and affectionate Fathers that ever lived. His faults I now say, and always have, were not of the heart."
849:"I am the owner of one slave only, an old decrepit woman, not worth much, but in this matter I should feel that my constitutional rights as a Mexican were just as much infringed, as they would be if I had a thousand."
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grant would be taken over by his son Stephen. Although Austin was reluctant to carry on his father's Texas venture, he was persuaded to do so by a letter from his mother, written two days before Moses's death.
925:. Austin did gain certain important reforms: the immigration ban was lifted, but a separate state government was not authorized. Statehood in Mexico required a population of 80,000, and Texas had only 30,000.
859:"Texas must be a slave country. Circumstances and unavoidable necessity compel it. It is the wish of the people there, and it is my duty to do all I can, prudently, in favor of it. I will do so."
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In 1829, John Durst, a prominent landowner and politician, wrote about the president's emancipation of slaves, "We are ruined forever should this measure be adopted" . Stephen F. Austin replied,
464:. After purchasing the property, he learned the area was being considered as the location for the new territorial capital, which could make his land worth a great deal more. He made his home in
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In 1830, Austin wrote that he would oppose Texas joining the United States without guarantees that he should "insist on the perpetual exclusion of slavery from this state ". In 1833, he wrote:
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Austin went before the legislature and pleaded that, at the least, his original 300 families should be allowed to keep their slaves. He argued against the "bad faith" of freeing them, demanded
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permits each state to select just two statues for display at the Capitol in Washington, D.C. Texas selected Sam Houston and Stephen F. Austin; these statues were sculpted by German immigrant
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The old imperial law offered heads of families a league and a labor of land, 4,605 acres (1,864 ha), and other inducements. It also provided for the employment of agents, called
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were appointed commissioners to the U.S. by the provisional government of the republic. On June 10, 1836, Austin was in New Orleans, where he received word of Santa Anna's defeat by
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that allowed the individual states of Mexico to administer public lands and open them to settlement under certain conditions. In March 1825, the legislature of the Mexican state of
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In his absence, several events propelled the colonists toward confrontation with Santa Anna's centralist government. Austin took temporary command of the Texian forces during the
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from Texas and forced emancipated slaves to work for their former slaveowners until the accrued "debt" (e.g. clothing, food), incurred for their own enslavement, was worked off.
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Believing that he was pushing for Texas independence and suspecting that he was trying to incite insurrection, the Mexican governments arrested Austin in January 1834 in
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and Velasco in the summer of 1835, an enraged Santa Anna made rapid preparations for the Mexican army to sweep Anglo settlers from Texas. War began in October 1835 at
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October 25, 1828. In 1829, Austin called another meeting, where it was decided that it was "impolitic and imprudent, at this time, to form Masonic lodges in Texas".
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While Stephen F. Austin and his sister Emily have each been the subject of biography, they are descended from several generations of noteworthy people, including:
993:'s 743 votes. Houston appointed Austin as the first secretary of state of the new republic; however, Austin only served approximately two months before his death.
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As Texas settlers became increasingly dissatisfied with the Mexican government, Austin advocated conciliation, but the dissent against Mexico escalated into the
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grant that would allow him to bring 300 American families to Texas. Moses Austin caught pneumonia soon after returning to Missouri. He directed that his
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in Texas. Freemasonry was well established among the educated classes of Mexican society. It had been introduced among the aristocracy loyal to the
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1158:, the county seat of Austin County, a large bust of Austin by sculptor David Adickes is located at the intersection of State Highways 36 and 159.
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into Texas despite the opposition of the Mexican government to the institution. Austin led the initial actions against the indigenous
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438:, from which he graduated in 1810. After graduation, Austin began studying to be a lawyer, reading the law with an established firm.
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1026:. Austin never married, nor did he have any children. He bequeathed all his land, titles, and possessions, to his married sister,
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proclaiming: "The Father of Texas is no more; the first pioneer of the wilderness has departed." Originally, Austin was buried at
318:. After Moses Austin's death in 1821, Stephen Austin won recognition of the empresario grant from the newly independent nation of
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He was active in promoting trade and currying the good favor of the Mexican authorities, aiding them in the suppression of the
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these bays for the fish and shellfish that provided their winter food sources and thus were fiercely protective of that land.
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The Life of Stephen F. Austin, Founder of Texas, 1793–1836: A Chapter of the Westward Movement by the Anglo-American People
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The Life of Stephen F. Austin, Founder of Texas, 1793–1836: A Chapter in the Westward Movement of the Anglo-American People
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By late 1825, Austin had brought the first 300 families to his settlement, the Austin Colony; these 300 are now known in
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1005:) where he caught a severe cold; his condition worsened. Doctors were called in but could not help him. Austin died of
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guarding the merchandise of 300 immigrants, they made their attack, killing the guards and plundering the articles.
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When Austin was eleven years old, his family sent him back East to be educated, first at the preparatory school of
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Austin advertised the Texas opportunity in New Orleans, announcing that land was available along the Brazos and
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Stephen F. Austin was born on November 3, 1793, in the mining region of southwestern Virginia. His parents were
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On February 23, 1823, the Karankawa killed two men, named Loy and John C. Alley, and wounded another named
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to approve the grant to his father, as well as the law signed by the Mexican Emperor on January 3, 1823.
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913:. Following the success of Santa Anna, the colonists sought a compensatory reward, proclaimed at the
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415:, England). The immigrant ancestors, Richard Austin and his wife Esther, were original settlers of
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Alamo Sourcebook, 1836: A Comprehensive Guide to the Battle of the Alamo and the Texas Revolution
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2377:. Waco, Texas: Committee on Masonic Education and Service, Grand Lodge of Texas, A.F. & A.M.
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on April 21, 1836, and the capture of Santa Anna the following morning. He was then imprisoned.
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Waco, Texas: Committee on Masonic Education and Service, Grand Lodge of Texas, A.F. & A.M.
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The Texas Masons: The Fraternity of Ancient Free & Accepted Masons in the History of Texas
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The Texas Masons: The Fraternity of Ancient Free & Accepted Masons in the History of Texas
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and most of his revenues were spent on the processes of government and other public services.
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Austin, Stephen F. (May 30, 1833). "The Papers of Stephen F. Austin". Letter to Wiley Martin.
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planned to "exterminate" all of the colonists and fill Texas "with Indians and negroes ".
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before serving as a commissioner to the United States. Austin ran as a candidate in the
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Barker, Eugene C. (July 1924). "The Influence of Slavery in the Colonization of Texas".
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781:"I sometimes shudder at the consequences and think that a large part of America will be
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passed a law similar to the one authorized by Iturbide. The law continued the system of
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From Dominance to Disappearance: The Indians of Texas and the Near Southwest, 1786–1859
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State Historical Society of Missouri and State Highway Commission (June 24, 2018) .
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1982:(October 10, 1826). "The Papers of Stephen F. Austin". Letter to Stephen F. Austin.
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Austin, Stephen F. (August 7, 1826). "The Papers of Stephen F. Austin". Letter to
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Austin's plan for an American colony was thrown into turmoil by Mexico's gaining
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3010:
2444:
The Chief of Executives of Texas: From Stephen F. Austin to John B. Connally, Jr
2198:
1186:
985:
736:
716:
635:
618:
538:
491:
408:
354:
87:
2615:
Dreams of an Empire: The Story of Stephen Fuller Austin and His Colony in Texas
2313:
Dublin's merchant-Quaker: Anthony Sharp and the Community of Friends, 1643–1707
2099:
Austin, Stephen F. (May 4, 1836). "The Papers of Stephen F. Austin". Letter to
921:, Austin traveled to Mexico City on July 18, 1833, and met with Vice President
50:
5036:
4476:
4328:
4094:
3253:
2932:
2246:
1198:
1178:
759:. Some historians consider the Fredonian Rebellion to be the beginning of the
630:
610:
511:
268:
244:
1288:...generations of Texans have come to revere Austin as the Father of Texas...
4355:
4322:
3342:
2401:
2085:
1883:
1006:
724:
412:
303:
177:
173:
2199:"Stephen F Austin statue Clute 02 photo – Artichoke Vinaigrette photos at"
1864:
Morritt, Robert D. (2011). "Lure of Texas". Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
1001:
In December 1836, Austin was in the new capital of Columbia (now known as
727:
of Freemasonry as a liberal alternative to the established European-style
388:. In 1798, his family moved west to the lead-mining region of present-day
5118:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
4147:
3678:
2764:
1144:
1137:
929:
826:
295:
291:
202:
2155:"Stephen F. Austin State University | College, University in Texas"
537:
Austin led his party to travel 300 miles (480 km) in four weeks to
2538:. College Station, TX: Brazos Valley Masonic Library & Museum Assn.
1950:
1561:. College Station, TX: Brazos Valley Masonic Library & Museum Assn.
360:
Numerous places and institutions are named in his honor, including the
331:
2269:
403:
His great-great-grandfather, Anthony Austin (b. 1636), was the son of
909:. Austin became involved in Mexican politics, supporting the upstart
902:
797:
319:
298:, Austin served in the Missouri territorial legislature. He moved to
181:
1942:
2082:
An Empire for Slavery: The Peculiar Institution in Texas, 1821—1865
1880:
An Empire for Slavery: The Peculiar Institution in Texas, 1821—1865
711:
During these years, Austin, a member of Louisiana Lodge No. 111 at
557:
to find a suitable location for a colony. As guides for the party,
2962:
2652:
Moses Austin and Stephen F. Austin: A Gone to Texas Dual Biography
1719:
Lack, Paul D. (October 1985). "Slavery and the Texas Revolution".
1462:. The Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association
1059:
1045:
1037:
892:
880:
584:
495:
486:
441:
At age 21, he was elected to and served in the legislature of the
371:
315:
311:
1927:
Bugbee, Lester G. (September 1898). "Slavery in Early Texas. I".
739:
in Mexico City for a charter to form a lodge. Austin was elected
731:. On February 11, 1828, Austin called a meeting of Freemasons at
4436:
3463:
2877:
2132:
2035:"How Leaders of the Texas Revolution Fought to Preserve Slavery"
1366:
The Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association
4618:
4440:
2881:
905:
laws had done much to dissatisfy the colonists, peaking in the
2176:
1405:. Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association
1313:. Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association
613:
authorized by Spain. His government intended to use a general
2062:(May 21, 1835). "The Papers of Stephen F. Austin". Letter to
1572:
Masonry in Texas: Background, History, and Influence to 1846.
526:
and departed to New Orleans to meet Spanish officials led by
4778:
2375:
Masonry in Texas: Background, History, and Influence to 1846
1424:
Letter from Stephen F. Austin to Maria Austin, July 13, 1821
950:
from October 12 to December 11, 1835. After learning of the
267:(November 3, 1793 – December 27, 1836) was an American-born
471:
Austin left the territory, moving to Louisiana. He reached
2485:
The conquest of the Karankawas and the Tonkawas, 1821-1859
1964:"Constitution of the State of Coahuila and Texas (1827)".
1177:(father—biography published by Trinity University Press),
617:
to regulate new settlement in Mexico. Austin traveled to
506:
During Austin's time in Arkansas, his father traveled to
1761:
1759:
1757:
1738:
1736:
2556:
Todish, Timothy J.; Todish, Terry; Spring, Ted (1998).
2154:
30:"Stephen Austin" redirects here. For other people, see
2511:
The Indians of Texas, from prehistoric to modern times
1850:
1848:
5147:
3229:
Lorenzo de Zavala State Archives and Library Building
2641:
Tracy, Milton Cook; Havelock-Bailie, Richard (1941).
2014:
Barker, Eugene C. (July 1918). "Stephen F. Austin".
597:
in 1821. Governor MartĂnez informed Austin that the
5113:
5035:
4909:
4833:
4790:
4678:
4591:
4555:
4524:
4474:
4338:
4300:
4245:
4219:
4178:
4135:
4128:
4010:
3697:
3637:
3564:
George Washington Carver Museum and Cultural Center
3506:
3446:
3371:
3330:
3323:
3241:
3216:
3196:
3175:
3117:
3081:
3074:
3001:
2925:
1833:"Juneteenth—the Day Slavery was Abolished in Texas"
396:from the Spanish government for the mining site of
250:
239:
225:
191:
169:
145:
124:
119:
103:
93:
83:
64:
41:
2508:
2441:
2422:Encyclopedia of the Alamo and the Texas Revolution
2398:The Alamo Story: From History to Current Conflicts
2351:
1966:University of Texas at Austin, Tarlton Law Library
817:, to further lobby the legislature on his behalf.
400:, which had been established by French colonists.
1481:
1479:
1477:
3183:Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired
1201:, Hampshire was his paternal emigrant ancestor.
885:Marble sculpture of Stephen F. Austin (1903) by
743:of the new lodge. Although the petition reached
5226:Members of the Missouri Territorial Legislature
3454:Advanced Technology Development Facility (ATDF)
856:
846:
778:
376:Memorial to Stephen F. Austin in his birthplace
283:and their slaves from the United States to the
1643:Historic Missourians: Moses Austin (1761–1821)
1243:, his brother-in-law (second husband to Emily)
1018:. In 1910 Austin's body was reinterred at the
735:to elect officers and to petition the Masonic
456:He acquired property on the south bank of the
4630:
4452:
2893:
2177:"The Official Web Site of Travis County, USA"
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1237:, his brother-in-law (first husband to Emily)
980:In December 1835, Austin, Branch Archer, and
901:Immigration controls and the introduction of
792:colony, which was primarily dependent on the
79:October 22, 1836 – December 27, 1836
8:
2387:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2009:
2007:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1606:
1604:
1430:Issue 1. Page 401. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
1164:, a town founded by his father Moses Austin.
573:and sea, on the Brazos River in present-day
345:. Austin led Texas forces at the successful
330:. He also helped ensure the introduction of
2624:Peach Point Plantation: The First 150 Years
2315:, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press,
4637:
4623:
4615:
4459:
4445:
4437:
4132:
3327:
3193:
3078:
2900:
2886:
2878:
2849:
2812:
2769:
2643:The Colonizer: A Saga of Stephen F. Austin
449:, Austin decided to move south to the new
49:
38:
4779:
3549:Dolph Briscoe Center for American History
1922:
1920:
475:in November 1820. He met and stayed with
4170:Capital Area Rural Transportation System
3584:Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
2785:Texas Commissioner to the United States
2477:. Morton & Griswold. pp. 37–40.
5154:
3569:Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center
1773:
1771:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1521:
1262:
1042:Stephen F. Austin State Office Building
4253:Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge
4143:Austin–Bergstrom International Airport
3604:South Austin Museum of Popular Culture
2943:Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium
2724:
2718:The Biographical Dictionary of America
2694:The Biographical Encyclopedia of Texas
2596:Stephen F. Austin, the Father of Texas
2380:
2354:Stephen F. Austin: Empresario of Texas
1613:Stephen F. Austin: Empresario of Texas
1545:
1533:
1509:
1497:
1401:Gracy, David B II (December 6, 2019).
1362:Barker, Eugene C. (January 11, 2017).
1273:Stephen F. Austin: Empresario of Texas
820:In March 1827, the legislature signed
460:, in the area that would later become
2221:"Texas and the U.S. Capitol Building"
2016:The Southwestern Historical Quarterly
1815:The Southwestern Historical Quarterly
1722:The Southwestern Historical Quarterly
1485:
1357:
1355:
1353:
7:
3204:Texas Blind, Deaf, and Orphan School
2440:Hendrickson, Kenneth E. Jr. (1995).
2033:McCullar, Emily (October 29, 2020).
1648:State Historical Society of Missouri
1276:. Yale University Press. p. 2.
1231:, his friend and Spanish interpreter
1094:, are named after Stephen F. Austin.
1050:Stephen F. Austin grave monument at
609:of Mexico, refused to recognize the
549:, who allowed Austin to explore the
419:, which became Connecticut in 1749.
310:, received an empresario grant from
3619:Texas State Capitol Visitors Center
3579:Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center
2179:. Co.travis.tx.us. November 5, 2011
494:and Stephen Austin depicted on the
5261:People from Wythe County, Virginia
5251:American people of English descent
4645:Municipalities and communities of
3852:Moore's Crossing Historic District
3624:Umlauf Sculpture Garden and Museum
3539:Bullock Texas State History Museum
2587:Stephen F. Austin, Father of Texas
2280:from the original on June 3, 2023.
2245:. Gulf-prairie.org. Archived from
1780:Texas State Historical Association
1081:Stephen F. Austin State University
565:Indians went with the expedition.
25:
5336:19th-century Missouri politicians
5331:Prisoners and detainees of Mexico
5321:19th-century American legislators
2721:. Vol. 1. 1906. p. 167.
2294:(Trinity University Press, 1987)
1270:Gregg Cantrell (August 1, 2001).
1105:National Statuary Hall Collection
681:. This event became known as the
5296:19th-century Mexican politicians
5193:
5181:
5169:
5157:
2760:Prison Journal of Stephen Austin
2753:
2740:Austin's Colonization Laws, 1822
2704:
2677:Ellis P. Bean, Stephen F. Austin
2507:Newcomb, William Wilmon (1961).
2471:Dewees, William Bluford (1852).
2133:"Austin College: Sherman, Texas"
351:1836 Texas presidential election
5276:Burials at Texas State Cemetery
3732:Bremond Block Historic District
3684:Germania Insurance Amphitheater
3574:Jacob Fontaine Religious Museum
2919:Live Music Capital of the World
2744:Gammel's Laws of Texas, Vol. I.
1117:, his original place of burial.
55:A posthumous portrait from 1840
32:Stephen Austin (disambiguation)
27:American empresario (1793–1836)
5306:Deaths from pneumonia in Texas
5281:Transylvania University alumni
5256:People from Jones Creek, Texas
5246:People of the Texas Revolution
2490:Texas A&M University Press
2454:Texas A&M University Press
2373:Carter, James D., Dr. (1955).
2345:(2nd ed.). Da Capo Press.
2274:THE HISTORICAL MARKER DATABASE
2201:. Pbase.com. November 27, 2005
1896:Barker 1926, pp. 204–206, 208.
1458:Hyman, Carolyn (May 5, 2016).
1:
5311:American proslavery activists
3917:Shadow Lawn Historic District
2731:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1570:Carter, Dr. James D. (1955).
137:, United States (present-day
5266:People from Potosi, Missouri
5241:American emigrants to Mexico
5236:Texas Consultation delegates
5231:Convention of 1832 delegates
3652:Armadillo World Headquarters
3614:Texas Military Forces Museum
3529:Austin Museum of Digital Art
3519:Arthouse at The Jones Center
3413:Powerhouse Animation Studios
2425:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
2311:Greaves, Richard L. (1998),
2243:"Area Museums and Landmarks"
1914:Cantrell 2001, pp. 192, 203.
1428:The Austin Papers, Volume 1,
1189:(great, great-grandfather),
1130:National Cowboy Hall of Fame
553:between San Antonio and the
216:Henry Austin (Texas settler)
4263:Larry Monroe Forever Bridge
3837:Hyde Park Historic District
3099:Huston–Tillotson University
2804:unique post for support of
2763:public domain audiobook at
2560:. Austin, TX: Eakin Press.
2404:: Republic of Texas Press.
2001:Cantrell 2001, pp. 85, 204.
1930:Political Science Quarterly
1211:James Elijah "Brown" Austin
911:Antonio LĂłpez de Santa Anna
522:Austin boarded the steamer
294:and raised in southeastern
254:Being the "Father of Texas"
67:Secretary of State of Texas
5352:
4604:Governors of Mexican Texas
3594:Neill-Cochran House Museum
3094:Concordia University Texas
2830:Secretary of state of the
2622:Jones, Marie Beth (1982).
2613:Glasscock, Sallie (1951).
1700:Cantrell 2001, pp. 189–190
1669:Cantrell 2001, pp. 9, 204.
1660:Cantrell 2001, pp. 85, 204
1247:List of Notable Freemasons
1149:New River Trail State Park
973:
939:
897:Austin's 1836 map of Texas
889:at the Texas State Capitol
466:Hempstead County, Arkansas
392:. Moses Austin received a
287:region of Mexico in 1825.
29:
5123:
4776:
4659:
4278:Pfluger Pedestrian Bridge
3669:Austin Symphony Orchestra
3514:Arthouse at Laguna Gloria
3188:Texas School for the Deaf
2988:University of Texas Tower
2915:
2868:
2858:
2852:
2838:
2828:
2820:
2815:
2801:
2783:
2777:
2772:
2654:. Hendrick-long Pub. Co.
2517:University of Texas Press
2482:Himmel, Kelly F. (1999).
2474:An Early Settler of Texas
2396:Edmondson, J. R. (2000).
2358:. Yale University Press.
1838:Texas General Land Office
1792:Barker 1926, pp. 203–204.
1778:"Stephen Fuller Austin".
1688:University of Texas Press
1217:JosĂ© MarĂa JesĂşs Carbajal
621:, where he persuaded the
258:
115:
72:
60:
48:
5291:History of Austin, Texas
4288:West Sixth Street Bridge
4283:West Fifth Street Bridge
3089:Austin Community College
2973:Texas Governor's Mansion
2350:Cantrell, Gregg (2001).
1611:Cantrell, Gregg (2001).
1448:Edmondson (2000), p. 61.
1391:Edmondson (2000), p. 60.
1347:Edmondson (2000), p. 59.
1126:Hall of Great Westerners
1069:, Texas, is the home of
713:Ste. Genevieve, Missouri
589:Portrait of Austin, 1833
110:James Pinckney Henderson
3942:Spyglass-Barton's Bluff
3544:The Contemporary Austin
3469:Freescale Semiconductor
3379:Alamo Drafthouse Cinema
3104:St. Edward's University
2938:Circuit of the Americas
2748:Portal to Texas History
2699:Portal to Texas History
2682:Portal to Texas History
2543:Smith, F. Todd (2006).
2339:Barker, Eugene Campbell
1536:, pp. 46–47, 48=49
1311:"Stephen Fuller Austin"
952:Disturbances at Anahuac
645:When Emperor of Mexico
595:independence from Spain
532:Natchitoches, Louisiana
432:Transylvania University
428:Colchester, Connecticut
417:Suffield, Massachusetts
4784:
4599:Coahuila y Tejas state
4381:Austin Lady Lone Stars
4258:Lamar Boulevard Bridge
3559:French Legation Museum
3348:Keller Williams Realty
3026:Capitol View Corridors
2650:Warren, Betsy (1996).
2549:University of Nebraska
2534:Normand, Pete (1986).
2450:College Station, Texas
2292:Moses Austin: his life
1992:Cantrell 2001, p. 204.
1765:Cantrell 2001, p. 191.
1742:Cantrell 2001, p. 190.
1557:Normand, Pete (1986).
1460:"Iturbide, AgustĂn de"
1439:Todish (1998), p. 107.
1223:Peach Point Plantation
1062:
1043:
1016:Brazoria County, Texas
898:
890:
862:
852:
789:
774:Nat Turner's rebellion
715:, sought to establish
590:
547:Antonio MarĂa MartĂnez
503:
377:
135:Wythe County, Virginia
5301:American slave owners
5271:Texas Ranger Division
4782:
4578:Battle of Nacogdoches
4525:Political conventions
4516:Sterling C. Robertson
3982:Willow-Spence Streets
3807:East Riverside-Oltorf
3609:Texas Memorial Museum
3534:Blanton Museum of Art
3524:Austin History Center
3408:Inner Sanctum Records
3224:Austin Public Library
2983:UFCU Disch-Falk Field
2842:J. Pinckney Henderson
2113:Cantrell 2001, p. 364
2078:Campbell, Randolph B.
1876:Campbell, Randolph B.
1617:Yale University Press
1583:Bates (1956), p. 794.
1524:, pp. 77–78, 327
1185:(great-grandfather),
1115:Gulf Prairie Cemetery
1049:
1041:
1012:Gulf Prairie Cemetery
974:Further information:
964:Battle of San Jacinto
923:ValentĂn GĂłmez FarĂas
896:
884:
877:Relations with Mexico
605:of the government of
588:
490:
375:
275:" and the founder of
265:Stephen Fuller Austin
139:Austinville, Virginia
129:Stephen Fuller Austin
18:Stephen Fuller Austin
5326:Bacon Academy alumni
5136:United States portal
4648:Travis County, Texas
4568:Anahuac Disturbances
3862:North Burnet–Gateway
3629:Women and Their Work
3484:National Instruments
3428:Troublemaker Studios
2824:William Houston Jack
2594:Flynn, Jean (1981).
2419:Hatch, Thom (1999).
2122:Hatch (1999), p. 49.
1905:Barker 1926, p. 208.
1854:Barker 1926, p. 206.
1751:Barker 1926, p. 204.
1595:José Antonio Saucedo
1403:"Austin, Mary Brown"
1364:"Austin, Stephen F."
1299:Hatch (1999), p. 43.
1241:James Franklin Perry
1219:, mentored by Austin
1120:In 1959, Austin was
1092:Austin County, Texas
1052:Texas State Cemetery
1020:Texas State Cemetery
907:Anahuac Disturbances
839:Law of April 6, 1830
683:Skull Creek massacre
543:José Antonio Navarro
353:but was defeated by
99:William Houston Jack
5316:Ranchers from Texas
5286:American Freemasons
4563:Fredonian Rebellion
4542:Consultation (1835)
4080:Lake Walter E. Long
3554:Elisabet Ney Museum
3474:Luminex Corporation
3388:Austin Film Society
3109:University of Texas
2488:. College Station:
2135:. Austincollege.edu
753:Fredonian Rebellion
652:new immigration law
647:AgustĂn de Iturbide
607:AgustĂn de Iturbide
436:Lexington, Kentucky
328:Fredonian Rebellion
4785:
4547:Convention of 1836
4537:Convention of 1833
4532:Convention of 1832
4421:Round Rock Express
4273:Pennybacker Bridge
3674:Cinematic Symphony
3658:Austin City Limits
3494:Valence Technology
3363:Whole Foods Market
3021:Austin Dam failure
2958:Frank Erwin Center
2862:Convention of 1832
2816:Political offices
2806:Texas independence
2793:William H. Wharton
2713:Austin, Stephen F.
2645:. Guynes Print Co.
2060:Travis, William B.
1331:Lonestar Text book
1309:Eugene C. Barker.
1124:inducted into the
1077:Nacogdoches, Texas
1063:
1044:
1028:Emily Austin Perry
982:William H. Wharton
919:Convention of 1833
915:Convention of 1832
899:
891:
783:Santo Domingonized
776:in 1831, stating:
623:junta instituyente
599:junta instituyente
591:
504:
451:Arkansas Territory
443:Missouri Territory
378:
300:Arkansas Territory
212:Mary Austin Holley
209:Nannie Webb Curtis
5145:
5144:
4889:Tanglewood Forest
4783:Travis County map
4612:
4611:
4573:Battle of Velasco
4486:Stephen F. Austin
4434:
4433:
4386:Austin Lone Stars
4308:Keep Austin Weird
4296:
4295:
4268:Montopolis Bridge
4110:Walnut Creek Park
4020:Auditorium Shores
3892:Pemberton Heights
3867:North Shoal Creek
3857:Mueller Community
3802:East Cesar Chavez
3589:Mexic-Arte Museum
3502:
3501:
3237:
3236:
3212:
3211:
3051:Texas Archive War
3046:Stephen F. Austin
3031:COVID-19 pandemic
2876:
2875:
2869:Succeeded by
2860:President of the
2848:
2847:
2839:Succeeded by
2832:Republic of Texas
2811:
2810:
2802:Succeeded by
2799:
2791:served alongside
2773:Diplomatic posts
2727:cite encyclopedia
2689:Stephen F. Austin
2661:978-0-937460-96-2
2605:978-0-585-16421-2
2567:978-1-57168-152-2
2499:978-0-89096-867-3
2432:978-0-7864-9162-9
2365:978-0-300-09093-2
2322:978-0-8047-3452-3
2290:Gracy, David B.,
2101:Senator L.F. Linn
1886:. pp. 32–34.
1680:Barker, Eugene C.
1229:Thomas J. Pilgrim
1079:, is the home of
976:Republic of Texas
970:Republic of Texas
960:Republic of Texas
869:and pleaded that
741:Worshipful Master
698:Old Three Hundred
498:Centennial Issue
477:Joseph H. Hawkins
382:Mary Brown Austin
262:
261:
234:Mary Brown Austin
164:Republic of Texas
149:December 27, 1836
43:Stephen F. Austin
16:(Redirected from
5343:
5198:
5197:
5196:
5186:
5185:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5162:
5161:
5160:
5153:
5137:
5130:
4991:Moore's Crossing
4781:
4671:
4664:
4654:
4649:
4639:
4632:
4625:
4616:
4583:Texas Revolution
4461:
4454:
4447:
4438:
4411:Austin United FC
4376:Austin Lightning
4366:Austin Gilgronis
4232:Guadalupe Street
4186:MoPac Expressway
4133:
4035:Big Walnut Creek
3937:South River City
3433:Waterloo Records
3398:Devolver Digital
3393:Collings Guitars
3383:Drafthouse Films
3338:Amy's Ice Creams
3328:
3194:
3167:Pflugerville ISD
3118:School districts
3079:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2879:
2871:office abolished
2853:Preceded by
2850:
2821:Preceded by
2813:
2797:Branch T. Archer
2790:
2778:Preceded by
2770:
2757:
2756:
2736:
2730:
2722:
2708:
2707:
2697:, hosted by the
2680:, hosted by the
2665:
2646:
2637:
2626:. Texian Press.
2618:
2609:
2590:
2571:
2552:
2539:
2530:
2514:
2503:
2478:
2467:
2447:
2436:
2415:
2392:
2386:
2378:
2369:
2357:
2346:
2326:
2325:
2308:
2302:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2249:on March 4, 2012
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2217:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2162:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2129:
2123:
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2039:texasmonthly.com
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1841:. June 16, 2016.
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1267:
1252:O. P. Q. Letters
1162:Potosi, Missouri
1156:Bellville, Texas
1143:In Austinville,
997:Death and estate
942:Texas Revolution
936:Texas Revolution
835:Vicente Guerrero
761:Texas Revolution
721:House of Bourbon
656:Coahuila y Tejas
510:and received an
430:. He studied at
390:Potosi, Missouri
362:capital of Texas
343:Texas Revolution
336:Karankawa people
271:. Known as the "
152:
132:November 3, 1793
120:Personal details
106:
96:
77:
53:
39:
21:
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4829:
4786:
4774:
4770:West Lake Hills
4674:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4652:
4647:
4643:
4613:
4608:
4587:
4556:Armed conflicts
4551:
4520:
4470:
4465:
4435:
4430:
4416:FC Austin Elite
4346:Austin Aztex FC
4334:
4292:
4241:
4227:Congress Avenue
4215:
4174:
4124:
4100:Republic Square
4012:
4006:
3882:Old West Austin
3872:Northwest Hills
3792:Downtown Austin
3767:Congress Avenue
3693:
3633:
3599:O. Henry Museum
3498:
3442:
3367:
3319:
3233:
3208:
3192:
3171:
3157:Lake Travis ISD
3113:
3070:
3066:Waterloo, Texas
3036:French Legation
2997:
2921:
2911:
2906:
2872:
2865:
2856:
2844:
2835:
2826:
2807:
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2640:
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2606:
2598:. Eakin Press.
2593:
2583:Beals, Carleton
2581:
2578:
2576:Further reading
2568:
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2098:
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2076:
2075:
2071:
2064:David G. Burnet
2058:
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2031:
2027:
2013:
2012:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1991:
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1978:
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1963:
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1943:10.2307/2140047
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1628:
1624:
1619:. pp. 8–9.
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1269:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1225:, his residence
1207:
1181:(grandfather),
1171:
1098:Angleton, Texas
1036:
999:
978:
972:
944:
938:
879:
769:
615:immigration law
583:
575:Brazoria County
485:
370:
273:Father of Texas
221:
160:Brazoria County
154:
150:
133:
131:
130:
104:
94:
78:
73:
56:
44:
35:
28:
23:
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15:
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5:
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5019:
5013:
5011:Round Mountain
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4522:
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4518:
4513:
4508:
4506:James Hewetson
4503:
4498:
4493:
4491:MartĂn De LeĂłn
4488:
4482:
4480:
4472:
4471:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4456:
4449:
4441:
4432:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4406:Austin Thunder
4403:
4398:
4396:Austin Rise FC
4393:
4391:Austin Outlaws
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4351:Austin Bold FC
4348:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4313:Leslie Cochran
4310:
4304:
4302:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4293:
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4285:
4280:
4275:
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4234:
4229:
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4221:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4196:Pickle Parkway
4193:
4188:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4163:CapMetro Rapid
4160:
4155:
4145:
4139:
4137:
4130:
4129:Transportation
4126:
4125:
4123:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4085:McKinney Falls
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4065:Lady Bird Lake
4062:
4057:
4052:
4050:Deep Eddy Pool
4047:
4045:Colorado River
4042:
4037:
4032:
4030:Barton Springs
4027:
4022:
4016:
4014:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3957:Travis Heights
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3927:South Congress
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
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3809:
3804:
3799:
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3789:
3784:
3779:
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3769:
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3759:
3757:Circle C Ranch
3754:
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3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
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3366:
3365:
3360:
3358:Torchy's Tacos
3355:
3350:
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3325:
3321:
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3312:
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3085:
3083:
3076:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3041:Greater Austin
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3016:1928 city plan
3013:
3011:1839 city plan
3007:
3005:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2953:Driskill Hotel
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2882:
2874:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2857:
2855:office created
2854:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2837:
2827:
2822:
2818:
2817:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2800:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2751:
2746:hosted by the
2737:
2702:
2685:
2671:
2670:External links
2668:
2667:
2666:
2660:
2647:
2638:
2632:
2619:
2610:
2604:
2591:
2589:. McGraw-Hill.
2577:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2566:
2553:
2540:
2531:
2525:
2504:
2498:
2479:
2468:
2462:
2437:
2431:
2416:
2410:
2393:
2370:
2364:
2347:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2321:
2303:
2283:
2260:
2234:
2223:. Texasbob.com
2212:
2190:
2168:
2146:
2124:
2115:
2106:
2091:
2069:
2051:
2025:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1980:Austin, J.E.B.
1971:
1956:
1937:(3): 389–412.
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1867:
1856:
1844:
1824:
1794:
1785:
1767:
1753:
1744:
1732:
1702:
1693:
1690:. p. 201.
1671:
1662:
1653:
1633:
1622:
1600:
1585:
1576:
1563:
1550:
1538:
1526:
1514:
1502:
1490:
1473:
1450:
1441:
1432:
1416:
1393:
1377:
1349:
1333:
1324:
1301:
1292:
1282:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1206:
1203:
1197:, a native of
1195:Richard Austin
1170:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1159:
1152:
1141:
1118:
1112:
1101:
1095:
1084:
1074:
1071:Austin College
1035:
1032:
998:
995:
971:
968:
948:Siege of BĂ©xar
940:Main article:
937:
934:
878:
875:
768:
765:
582:
579:
559:Manuel Becerra
484:
481:
458:Arkansas River
405:Richard Austin
369:
366:
347:Siege of BĂ©xar
338:in this area.
306:. His father,
260:
259:
256:
255:
252:
248:
247:
241:
237:
236:
227:
223:
222:
220:
219:
206:
199:Richard Austin
195:
193:
189:
188:
171:
167:
166:
153:(aged 43)
147:
143:
142:
128:
126:
122:
121:
117:
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113:
112:
107:
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100:
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91:
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69:
62:
61:
58:
57:
54:
46:
45:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5348:
5337:
5334:
5332:
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5327:
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5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5201:
5191:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5177:
5167:
5165:
5155:
5151:
5138:
5133:
5131:
5126:
5125:
5122:
5116:
5112:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5100:Pleasant Hill
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5060:Kincheonville
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5034:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4981:Marshall Ford
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4921:Bluff Springs
4919:
4918:
4916:
4914:
4908:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4884:Steiner Ranch
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4805:Point Venture
4803:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4789:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4765:Sunset Valley
4763:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4742:Mustang Ridge
4740:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4689:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4653:United States
4650:
4640:
4635:
4633:
4628:
4626:
4621:
4620:
4617:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4554:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4501:Haden Edwards
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4473:
4469:
4468:Mexican Texas
4462:
4457:
4455:
4450:
4448:
4443:
4442:
4439:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4318:Occupy Austin
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4299:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4191:Interstate 35
4189:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4171:
4168:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4158:CapMetro Rail
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4127:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4105:Rosewood Park
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4090:Mount Bonnell
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4060:Hippie Hollow
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4009:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3987:Windsor Hills
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3897:Rainey Street
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:Granada Hills
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3727:Bouldin Creek
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3712:Anderson Mill
3710:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3700:
3699:Neighborhoods
3696:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3439:
3438:Western Vinyl
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3423:Rooster Teeth
3421:
3419:
3418:Retro Studios
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3403:Gunfire Games
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:Creative arts
3370:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3178:
3176:State schools
3174:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3137:Del Valle ISD
3135:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2968:State Capitol
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2914:
2910:
2909:Austin, Texas
2903:
2898:
2896:
2891:
2889:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2864:
2863:
2851:
2843:
2834:
2833:
2825:
2819:
2814:
2798:
2794:
2786:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2752:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2687:Biography of
2686:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2653:
2648:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2633:0-9630042-0-4
2629:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2526:0-292-78425-2
2522:
2518:
2513:
2512:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2486:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2469:
2465:
2463:0-89096-641-9
2459:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2445:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2417:
2413:
2411:1-55622-678-0
2407:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2376:
2371:
2367:
2361:
2356:
2355:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2324:
2318:
2314:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2300:0-911536-84-1
2297:
2293:
2287:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2264:
2261:
2248:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2119:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2102:
2095:
2092:
2088:. p. 42.
2087:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1960:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1902:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1868:
1860:
1857:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1825:
1820:
1816:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1781:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1729:(2): 181–202.
1728:
1724:
1723:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1637:
1634:
1626:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1589:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1491:
1488:, p. 127
1487:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1474:
1461:
1454:
1451:
1445:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1417:
1404:
1397:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1365:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1312:
1305:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1283:0-300-09093-5
1279:
1275:
1274:
1266:
1263:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1213:, his brother
1212:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1191:Anthony Sharp
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1168:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1134:Oklahoma City
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1088:Austin, Texas
1085:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1048:
1040:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1004:
1003:West Columbia
996:
994:
992:
987:
983:
977:
969:
967:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
943:
935:
933:
931:
926:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
895:
888:
883:
876:
874:
872:
868:
867:Lewis F. Linn
861:
860:
855:
851:
850:
845:
842:
840:
836:
830:
828:
823:
818:
816:
811:
806:
802:
799:
795:
788:
787:
784:
777:
775:
766:
764:
762:
758:
757:Haden Edwards
754:
749:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
729:Scottish Rite
726:
722:
718:
714:
709:
707:
703:
702:Texas Rangers
699:
695:
694:Texas history
690:
686:
684:
680:
679:John H. Moore
676:
675:John C. Clark
671:
667:
663:
661:
657:
653:
648:
643:
641:
637:
634:, to promote
633:
632:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
603:rump congress
600:
596:
587:
580:
578:
576:
571:
566:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
535:
533:
529:
528:Erasmo SeguĂn
525:
520:
517:
513:
509:
508:Spanish Texas
501:
500:postage stamp
497:
493:
489:
483:Move to Texas
482:
480:
478:
474:
469:
467:
463:
459:
454:
452:
448:
447:Panic of 1819
444:
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:Bacon Academy
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
401:
399:
398:Mine Ă Breton
395:
391:
387:
383:
374:
367:
365:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
339:
337:
333:
329:
323:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
302:and later to
301:
297:
293:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
257:
253:
249:
246:
242:
238:
235:
231:
228:
224:
217:
213:
210:
207:
204:
200:
197:
196:
194:
190:
187:
183:
179:
175:
172:
168:
165:
161:
157:
156:West Columbia
148:
144:
140:
136:
127:
123:
118:
114:
111:
108:
102:
98:
92:
89:
86:
82:
76:
71:
68:
63:
59:
52:
47:
40:
37:
33:
19:
5129:Texas portal
5027:Turnersville
5022:Three Points
4936:Cedar Valley
4895:Wells Branch
4879:Shady Hollow
4853:Hornsby Bend
4843:Barton Creek
4748:Pflugerville
4667:
4496:Green DeWitt
4485:
4475:
4401:Austin Spurs
4361:Austin FC II
4327:
4237:Sixth Street
4153:CapMetro Bus
4025:Barton Creek
3992:Windsor Park
3947:Swedish Hill
3922:Sixth Street
3912:Scenic Brook
3817:French Place
3787:Dove Springs
3747:Canyon Creek
3742:Bryker Woods
3717:Barton Hills
3664:Austin Opera
3656:
3489:Silicon Labs
3459:Cirrus Logic
3353:Schlotzsky's
3259:City Council
3045:
2993:Zach Theatre
2948:Dell Diamond
2918:
2859:
2829:
2788:1835 – 1836
2784:
2780:post created
2759:
2716:
2693:
2676:
2651:
2642:
2623:
2617:. Naylor Co.
2614:
2595:
2586:
2557:
2544:
2535:
2510:
2484:
2473:
2443:
2421:
2397:
2374:
2353:
2342:
2312:
2306:
2291:
2286:
2273:
2263:
2253:December 11,
2251:. Retrieved
2247:the original
2237:
2227:December 11,
2225:. Retrieved
2215:
2205:December 11,
2203:. Retrieved
2193:
2183:December 11,
2181:. Retrieved
2171:
2161:December 11,
2159:. Retrieved
2149:
2139:December 11,
2137:. Retrieved
2127:
2118:
2109:
2094:
2081:
2072:
2054:
2042:. Retrieved
2038:
2028:
2019:
2015:
1997:
1988:
1974:
1959:
1934:
1928:
1910:
1901:
1892:
1879:
1870:
1859:
1836:
1827:
1818:
1814:
1788:
1747:
1726:
1720:
1696:
1683:
1674:
1665:
1656:
1642:
1636:
1625:
1612:
1588:
1579:
1571:
1566:
1558:
1553:
1548:, p. 50
1541:
1529:
1522:Newcomb 1961
1517:
1512:, p. 46
1505:
1500:, p. 38
1493:
1464:. Retrieved
1453:
1444:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1396:
1368:. Retrieved
1327:
1317:February 21,
1315:. Retrieved
1304:
1295:
1287:
1272:
1265:
1183:Joseph Sharp
1175:Moses Austin
1172:
1122:posthumously
1109:Elisabet Ney
1000:
979:
945:
927:
900:
887:Elisabet Ney
863:
858:
857:
853:
848:
847:
843:
831:
819:
815:Brown Austin
807:
803:
794:monocropping
790:
780:
779:
770:
750:
710:
705:
691:
687:
672:
668:
664:
659:
644:
639:
629:
627:
622:
598:
592:
567:
555:Brazos River
536:
530:. He was at
523:
521:
515:
505:
470:
455:
440:
421:
402:
397:
393:
386:Moses Austin
379:
359:
340:
324:
308:Moses Austin
289:
281:300 families
272:
264:
263:
243:Politician,
230:Moses Austin
151:(1836-12-27)
105:Succeeded by
74:
36:
5221:1836 deaths
5216:1793 births
5105:Waters Park
5095:Onion Creek
5075:Merrilltown
5055:Four Points
5037:Ghost towns
4913:communities
4858:Hudson Bend
4825:Webberville
4754:Rollingwood
4663:County seat
4511:James Power
4477:Empresarios
4426:Texas Stars
4371:Austin Huns
4120:Zilker Park
4075:Lake Travis
4070:Lake Austin
3967:West Campus
3962:Waters Park
3932:South Lamar
3887:Onion Creek
3812:Easton Park
3772:Copperfield
3762:Clarksville
3152:Leander ISD
2926:Attractions
2547:. Lincoln:
2157:. Sfasu.edu
2044:October 22,
1546:Himmel 1999
1534:Himmel 1999
1510:Himmel 1999
1498:Dewees 1852
1235:James Bryan
1187:Isaac Sharp
1169:Past family
991:Henry Smith
986:Sam Houston
810:reparations
737:Grand Lodge
717:Freemasonry
706:empresario,
660:empresarios
636:immigration
631:empresarios
619:Mexico City
539:San Antonio
512:empresarial
492:Sam Houston
473:New Orleans
462:Little Rock
409:Bishopstoke
407:(b.1598 in
368:Early years
355:Sam Houston
277:Anglo Texas
170:Nationality
95:Preceded by
88:Sam Houston
5210:Categories
5080:Montopolis
5006:Pilot Knob
4996:New Sweden
4869:Lost Creek
4865:‡ (former)
4863:Jollyville
4810:San Leanna
4800:Briarcliff
4759:Round Rock
4721:Lago Vista
4699:Cedar Park
4329:Weird City
4115:Wild Basin
4095:Pease Park
4040:Bull Creek
4013:recreation
4011:Parks and
3907:Saint John
3847:Montopolis
3842:Jollyville
3447:Technology
3254:Camp Mabry
3242:Government
3125:Austin ISD
3061:Treaty Oak
2978:Treaty Oak
2933:Austin Zoo
2515:. Austin:
2332:References
2022:(1): 1–17.
1821:(1): 1–33.
1486:Smith 2006
1199:Titchfield
1179:Abia Brown
871:Santa Anna
833:president
822:Article 13
733:San Felipe
640:empresario
611:land grant
601:, the new
581:Empresario
561:and three
551:Gulf Coast
516:empresario
314:to settle
269:empresario
245:empresario
240:Occupation
5164:Biography
5114:Footnotes
5016:Spicewood
4951:Del Valle
4900:Windemere
4815:The Hills
4716:Jonestown
4705:Creedmoor
4356:Austin FC
4323:Spamarama
4055:Emma Long
3977:West Line
3952:Tarrytown
3777:Crestview
3752:Chinatown
3737:Brentwood
3722:Blackland
3707:Allandale
3343:Golfsmith
3249:City Hall
3217:Libraries
3162:Manor ISD
3147:Hays CISD
3142:Eanes ISD
3075:Education
2402:Plano, TX
2383:cite book
2086:LSU Press
1884:LSU Press
1466:March 14,
1409:March 14,
1370:March 14,
1034:Monuments
1007:pneumonia
786:by them."
745:Matamoros
725:York Rite
413:Hampshire
304:Louisiana
251:Known for
226:Parent(s)
214:(cousin)
192:Relations
84:President
75:In office
5188:Politics
5176:Missouri
5090:New Katy
5085:Nameless
5001:Oak Hill
4902:(former)
4891:(former)
4874:Manchaca
4848:Garfield
4792:Villages
4694:Bee Cave
4592:See also
4179:Freeways
4148:CapMetro
3972:Westgate
3902:Rosedale
3877:Oak Hill
3797:The Drag
3647:Antone's
3324:Industry
3130:template
3082:Tertiary
3056:Timeline
2917:Slogan:
2765:LibriVox
2585:(1953).
2341:(1968).
2278:Archived
2270:"Potosi"
2080:(1991).
1878:(1991).
1682:(1926).
1205:See also
1145:Virginia
1138:Oklahoma
956:Gonzales
930:Saltillo
827:freedmen
638:. As an
570:Colorado
296:Missouri
292:Virginia
290:Born in
218:(cousin)
203:colonist
174:American
5150:Portals
4931:Carlson
4820:Volente
4731:Leander
4726:Lakeway
4301:Culture
4246:Bridges
4220:Streets
3832:Hancock
3822:Galindo
3507:Museums
3331:General
3003:History
1951:2140047
1128:at the
1067:Sherman
767:Slavery
696:as the
563:Aranama
502:of 1936
332:slavery
182:Mexican
178:Spanish
5050:Decker
5045:Daffan
4986:McNeil
4971:Littig
4961:Dunlap
4956:Dessau
4946:Colton
4688:Austin
4680:Cities
4670:Austin
4339:Sports
4211:US 183
4206:US 290
4136:Public
4002:Zilker
3997:Wooten
3782:Dawson
3315:Police
3310:Health
3197:Closed
2709:
2658:
2630:
2602:
2564:
2523:
2496:
2460:
2429:
2408:
2362:
2319:
2298:
1949:
1280:
1090:, and
1056:Austin
1024:Austin
958:. The
903:tariff
798:cotton
524:Beaver
320:Mexico
186:Texian
5200:Texas
5070:Manda
4966:Elroy
4911:Other
4737:Manor
4710:Elgin
4201:SH 71
3679:Emo's
3639:Music
2963:NLand
2866:1832
2836:1836
2742:from
2691:from
1947:JSTOR
1258:Notes
1086:Both
1060:Texas
496:Texas
394:sitio
316:Texas
312:Spain
285:Tejas
5065:Maha
4976:Lund
4941:Cele
4926:Carl
4835:CDPs
3689:SXSW
3464:Dell
3305:Fire
2795:and
2733:link
2656:ISBN
2628:ISBN
2600:ISBN
2562:ISBN
2521:ISBN
2494:ISBN
2458:ISBN
2427:ISBN
2406:ISBN
2389:link
2360:ISBN
2317:ISBN
2296:ISBN
2255:2011
2229:2011
2207:2011
2185:2011
2163:2011
2141:2011
2046:2022
1468:2020
1411:2020
1372:2020
1319:2022
1278:ISBN
1103:The
384:and
146:Died
125:Born
65:4th
3479:MCC
2715:".
1939:doi
1154:In
1132:in
1054:in
1022:in
1014:in
796:of
755:of
434:in
426:in
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