768:
706:
2322:
499:
879:
944:
644:
49:
965:
1128:
1030:
727:
1074:
665:
838:
2726:
69:
900:
3513:
367:
1009:
569:, breeding adults have the two central tail feathers obviously elongated, and at least some adults have white on the underparts and pale yellow on the neck. These characteristics are not shared by the larger species, all native to the Southern Hemisphere except for the great skua. Therefore, the skuas are often split into two genera, with only the smaller species retained in
507:
483:, at 1.63 kg (3.6 lb). On average, a skua is about 56 cm (22 in) long, and 121 cm (48 in) across the wings. They have longish bills with a hooked tip, and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy
405:, which comprises up to 95% of the feeding methods of wintering skuas, by chasing gulls, terns and other seabirds to steal their catches, regardless of the size of the species attacked (up to three times heavier than the attacking skua). Larger species, such as the
490:
The skuas are strong, acrobatic fliers. They are generally aggressive in disposition. Potential predators approaching their nests will be quickly attacked by the parent birds, which usually target the heads of intruders – a practice known as
448:. Skuas will also kill live penguin chicks and sick or injured adult penguins. In these areas, the skuas will often forfeit their catches to the considerably larger and very aggressive
767:
589:(inherited from the mother) is in fact more closely related to each other than it is to either Arctic or long-tailed skuas, or to the Southern Hemisphere species. Thus,
3823:
3697:
3736:
425:. Those species that breed in the southern oceans largely feed on fish that can be caught near their colonies. The eggs and chicks of other seabirds, primarily
661:
Breeds along the coasts of southern Chile and southern
Argentina, winters along the Pacific coasts of Peru and Chile as well as the Atlantic coast of Argentina
1546:
2321:
1582:
3671:
3710:
1488:
Cohen, Baker, Belchschmidt, Dittmann, Furness, Gerwin, Helbig, de Korte, Marshall, Palma, Peter, Ramli, Siebold, Willcox, Wilson and Zink (1997).
1328:
1312:
705:
1391:
1304:
1375:
3785:
585:, the overall relationship among the species is best expressed by placing all in a single genus. The pomarine and great skuas'
3715:
1298:
3723:
2725:
1575:
498:
68:
3606:
3593:
1432:
Ornithologie, ou, Méthode
Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés
1347:
3650:
1554:
1505:
3741:
3663:
1270:
1236:
467:, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. The skuas range in size from the
3512:
1568:
1427:
1081:
1016:
943:
878:
775:
713:
613:
531:
335:
and means "of dung"; the food disgorged by other birds when pursued by skuas was once thought to be excrement.
164:
48:
1275:
1241:
590:
3533:
951:
651:
281:
3772:
2618:
1151:
1104:
1053:
988:
923:
861:
750:
688:
643:
379:
31:
3611:
2865:
1489:
964:
3790:
3751:
3632:
3580:
2045:
593:
must have played a considerable role in the evolution of the diversity of
Northern Hemisphere skuas.
2905:
2373:
1948:
1749:
1409:
3571:
2801:
1695:
3359:
3110:
2577:
2448:
2097:
1808:
3317:
3231:
3100:
3090:
2638:
1985:
1706:
1684:
1474:
Forty-second supplement to the
American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds.
1067:
387:
63:
3461:
3397:
2791:
2771:
2628:
2471:
2183:
2035:
1818:
1560:
1473:
3777:
3471:
3328:
3080:
1127:
1073:
1029:
726:
3818:
3759:
3619:
3489:
2938:
2885:
2676:
2259:
1769:
1371:
1308:
886:
586:
3702:
2601:
2563:
2424:
1283:
1249:
3764:
3241:
3121:
2874:
2781:
2539:
2233:
1674:
1002:
664:
535:
468:
437:
402:
288:
269:
258:
221:
181:
145:
837:
3214:
2532:
2363:
2277:
1650:
1635:
1592:
1453:
1351:
937:
821:
421:. On the breeding grounds, the three, more slender northern breeding species commonly eat
120:
56:
3813:
3658:
3645:
3585:
3429:
2414:
2400:
2297:
1996:
832:
799:
562:
366:
351:
297:
3598:
899:
3807:
2954:
2929:
2914:
2489:
2393:
2266:
2242:
2112:
723:
Breeds along the coast on
Antarctica, winters in the north Atlantic and north Pacific
457:
347:
312:
273:
187:
1540:
3438:
3380:
3366:
3262:
3248:
3029:
2965:
2694:
2683:
2553:
2516:
2498:
2459:
2286:
2140:
2129:
2105:
2005:
1832:
1784:
1197:
896:
Breeds along the coastline of the northeast
Atlantic, winters in the north Atlantic
543:
449:
173:
1230:
323:
3624:
3728:
3684:
3565:
3335:
3307:
3276:
3269:
3176:
3160:
3133:
3064:
3022:
2999:
2830:
2743:
2584:
2149:
2076:
2056:
1891:
1839:
1738:
1457:
1439:
1435:
1264:
1203:
1187:
429:, are an important food source for most skua species during the nesting season.
265:
130:
1462:. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 311.
1008:
3449:
3411:
3293:
3207:
3044:
2981:
2974:
2837:
2710:
2652:
2645:
2505:
2478:
2438:
2431:
2407:
2306:
2249:
2190:
2173:
2166:
2156:
2085:
1959:
1825:
1759:
1717:
1623:
1209:
582:
476:
433:
418:
406:
371:
355:
292:
17:
3556:
961:
Breeds along the Arctic coastline, winters in tropical and subtropical oceans
3479:
3342:
3169:
2847:
2570:
2384:
2339:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2065:
2016:
1924:
1871:
1851:
1509:
566:
511:
492:
343:
339:
310:
renowned for its colony of that bird. The general
Faroese term for skuas is
80:
307:
1344:
3550:
3404:
3373:
3349:
3286:
3221:
3142:
3015:
2659:
2546:
2119:
1968:
1728:
1611:
578:
445:
317:
302:
100:
3191:
3149:
3008:
2894:
2812:
2755:
2703:
2525:
2025:
1794:
1629:
441:
426:
422:
398:
245:
196:
506:
3689:
3496:
3387:
3053:
2947:
2821:
2666:
2608:
2591:
1975:
1605:
1192:
1026:
Breeds along the Arctic coastline, winters in the southern hemisphere
410:
90:
3676:
3527:
3300:
3255:
3200:
1617:
554:
524:
505:
497:
394:
365:
332:
249:
3418:
2854:
550:
484:
464:
453:
414:
110:
3531:
2741:
2337:
1922:
1648:
1564:
565:. In the three smaller species, all nesting exclusively in the
440:) will readily scavenge carcasses at breeding colonies of both
558:
3637:
233:
1539:
236:
1410:"Scottish Wildlife Trust builds £50,000 loo on Handa"
1392:"Antarctica's Milk-Stealing, Grudge-Holding Seabirds"
230:
227:
3485:
3467:
3457:
3393:
3355:
3324:
3313:
3282:
3237:
3227:
3116:
3106:
3096:
3086:
3076:
2996:
2843:
2797:
2787:
2777:
2767:
2672:
2634:
2624:
2614:
2597:
2559:
2467:
2444:
2420:
2369:
2359:
2255:
2179:
2162:
2125:
2093:
2041:
2031:
1981:
1944:
1805:
1781:
1765:
1755:
1745:
1734:
1724:
1712:
1702:
1691:
1680:
1670:
1434:(in French and Latin). Paris: Jean-Baptiste Bauche.
1366:
Harrison, Colin J.O. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.).
3540:
3448:
3428:
3190:
3159:
3132:
3063:
3043:
2995:
2964:
2937:
2928:
2904:
2884:
2864:
2820:
2811:
2754:
2693:
2515:
2488:
2458:
2383:
2350:
2296:
2276:
2232:
2139:
2084:
2075:
2055:
2015:
1995:
1958:
1935:
1890:
1870:
1850:
1804:
1780:
1661:
1124:
Breeds in the Arctic, winters in the
Southern Ocean
452:. Skuas have also been observed to directly pilfer
417:and have been observed killing birds as large as a
224:
1263:
1229:
409:, regularly kill and eat adult seabirds, such as
393:Outside the breeding season, skuas take fish,
1576:
8:
1300:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
1180:
3528:
3069:
2934:
2817:
2760:
2751:
2738:
2347:
2334:
2081:
1932:
1919:
1658:
1645:
1583:
1569:
1561:
436:region, some skua species (especially the
47:
38:
1370:. London: Merehurst Press. p. 109.
603:
1472:American Ornithologists' Union (2000).
1221:
1172:
1098:
792:
530:was introduced by the French zoologist
327:is German for "hunter". The genus name
287:The English word "skua" comes from the
3824:Taxa named by Mathurin Jacques Brisson
1550:. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). 1911.
1516:. International Ornithologists' Union
1361:
1359:
635:IUCN status and estimated population
475:, at 310 grams (0.68 pounds), to the
354:. They have even been sighted at the
316:
301:
7:
3752:b5a2b689-230f-421d-8f85-bc8b45088ab6
3664:41db4e98-e5e2-4389-9f21-278251e1ffb5
1303:. London: Christopher Helm. p.
1284:participating institution membership
1250:participating institution membership
1329:"Non-human life form seen at Pole"
601:The genus contains seven species:
573:, and the large species placed in
25:
3511:
2724:
2320:
1459:Check-list of Birds of the World
1126:
1072:
1028:
1007:
963:
942:
898:
877:
836:
766:
725:
704:
663:
642:
220:
67:
1557:on the Internet Bird Collection
1508:; Donsker, David, eds. (2019).
1368:Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds
626:Scientific name and subspecies
264:. The three smaller skuas, the
248:with seven species forming the
1:
1510:"Noddies, gulls, terns, auks"
1490:Enigmatic phylogeny of skuas.
1345:Scottish Ornithologists' Club
1191:("dung"), which is also the
338:Skuas nest on the ground in
205:
1514:World Bird List Version 9.2
502:Great skua leaving the nest
432:In the southern oceans and
3840:
487:above the upper mandible.
463:Skuas are medium to large
29:
3508:
3072:
2763:
2750:
2737:
2722:
2346:
2333:
2318:
1931:
1918:
1657:
1644:
1600:
1428:Brisson, Mathurin Jacques
1297:Jobling, James A (2010).
1271:Oxford English Dictionary
1237:Oxford English Dictionary
1066:
1001:
936:
874:
763:
701:
639:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
514:still present on its beak
244:are a group of predatory
202:
195:
179:
172:
64:Scientific classification
62:
55:
46:
41:
1595:and their extinct allies
1082:Stercorarius longicaudus
1017:Stercorarius parasiticus
776:Stercorarius antarcticus
714:Stercorarius maccormicki
540:Stercorarius parasiticus
532:Mathurin Jacques Brisson
481:Stercorarius antarcticus
350:, and are long-distance
257:, the only genus in the
1547:Encyclopædia Britannica
1276:Oxford University Press
1242:Oxford University Press
473:Stercorarius longicauda
386:) fighting over a dead
321:. The word "jaeger" or
1186:
1181:
952:Stercorarius pomarinus
652:Stercorarius chilensis
515:
503:
390:
322:
311:
296:
282:North American English
3773:Paleobiology Database
549:Skuas are related to
509:
501:
384:Macronectes giganteus
380:southern giant petrel
369:
306:, with the island of
32:Skua (disambiguation)
3659:Fauna Europaea (new)
1070:or long-tailed skua
577:. However, based on
510:Skua nestling, with
30:For other uses, see
1274:(Online ed.).
1240:(Online ed.).
619:
2866:Synthliboramphini
1495:264(1379):181–190.
1350:2011-07-16 at the
1068:Long-tailed jaeger
604:
516:
504:
391:
388:Antarctic fur seal
362:Biology and habits
303:[ˈskɪkvʊɹ]
3801:
3800:
3760:Open Tree of Life
3534:Taxon identifiers
3525:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3506:
3505:
3186:
3185:
3039:
3038:
2991:
2990:
2924:
2923:
2733:
2732:
2720:
2719:
2329:
2328:
2316:
2315:
2228:
2227:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1555:Great Skua videos
1454:Peters, James Lee
1335:, 5 January 2003.
1333:The Antarctic Sun
1314:978-1-4081-2501-4
1282:(Subscription or
1248:(Subscription or
1164:
1163:
1117:
1108:
1101:S. l. longicaudus
1088:
1023:
958:
940:or pomarine skua
893:
887:Stercorarius skua
825:
812:
803:
795:S. a. antarcticus
782:
720:
702:South polar skua
658:
632:Size and ecology
617:
587:mitochondrial DNA
534:in 1760 with the
318:[ˈtʃɛkvɪ]
213:
212:
182:Larus parasiticus
168:
149:
16:(Redirected from
3831:
3794:
3793:
3781:
3780:
3768:
3767:
3755:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3732:
3731:
3729:NBNSYS0000162401
3719:
3718:
3706:
3705:
3693:
3692:
3680:
3679:
3667:
3666:
3654:
3653:
3641:
3640:
3628:
3627:
3615:
3614:
3602:
3601:
3589:
3588:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3529:
3516:
3515:
3487:
3469:
3459:
3395:
3357:
3326:
3315:
3284:
3239:
3229:
3118:
3108:
3098:
3088:
3078:
3070:
2998:
2935:
2875:Synthliboramphus
2845:
2818:
2799:
2789:
2782:Hydrotherikornis
2779:
2769:
2761:
2752:
2739:
2728:
2674:
2636:
2626:
2616:
2599:
2561:
2469:
2446:
2422:
2371:
2361:
2348:
2335:
2324:
2257:
2234:Recurvirostridae
2181:
2164:
2127:
2095:
2082:
2043:
2033:
1983:
1946:
1933:
1920:
1807:
1783:
1767:
1757:
1747:
1736:
1726:
1714:
1704:
1693:
1682:
1675:Charadriisimilis
1672:
1659:
1646:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1562:
1551:
1543:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1502:
1496:
1493:Proc. Biol. Sci.
1486:
1480:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1416:. 12 March 2012.
1406:
1400:
1399:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1363:
1354:
1342:
1336:
1327:Mark Sabbatini,
1325:
1319:
1318:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1279:
1267:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1245:
1233:
1226:
1214:
1184:
1177:
1155:
1130:
1116:Løppenthin, 1932
1115:
1113:S. l. pallescens
1103:
1086:
1076:
1057:
1032:
1022:(Linnaeus, 1758)
1021:
1011:
1003:Parasitic jaeger
992:
967:
957:(Temminck, 1815)
956:
946:
927:
902:
892:(Brünnich, 1764)
891:
881:
865:
840:
819:
810:
797:
789:Three subspecies
780:
770:
754:
729:
718:
708:
692:
667:
656:
646:
620:
618:– eight species
612:
581:, behavior, and
536:parasitic jaeger
469:long-tailed skua
438:south polar skua
403:kleptoparasitism
401:. Many practice
320:
305:
270:long-tailed skua
243:
242:
239:
238:
235:
232:
229:
226:
163:
144:
72:
71:
51:
39:
21:
3839:
3838:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3828:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3797:
3789:
3784:
3776:
3771:
3763:
3758:
3750:
3748:
3740:
3735:
3727:
3722:
3714:
3709:
3701:
3696:
3688:
3683:
3675:
3670:
3662:
3657:
3649:
3644:
3636:
3631:
3623:
3618:
3610:
3605:
3597:
3592:
3584:
3579:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3536:
3526:
3517:
3510:
3502:
3444:
3424:
3215:Chroicocephalus
3182:
3155:
3128:
3059:
3035:
2987:
2960:
2920:
2900:
2880:
2860:
2807:
2746:
2729:
2716:
2689:
2511:
2484:
2454:
2379:
2342:
2325:
2312:
2292:
2278:Ibidorhynchidae
2272:
2224:
2135:
2071:
2051:
2011:
1991:
1954:
1927:
1906:
1886:
1866:
1846:
1800:
1776:
1653:
1651:Charadriiformes
1640:
1636:Charadriiformes
1596:
1589:
1538:
1535:
1530:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1487:
1483:
1479:117(3):847–858.
1471:
1467:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1378:
1365:
1364:
1357:
1352:Wayback Machine
1343:
1339:
1326:
1322:
1315:
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1295:
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1261:
1257:
1247:
1228:
1227:
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1137:
1125:
1121:
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1096:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1061:
1055:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1027:
1020:
1005:or Arctic skua
996:
990:
981:
980:
975:
974:
962:
955:
938:Pomarine jaeger
931:
925:
916:
915:
910:
909:
897:
890:
869:
863:
854:
853:
848:
847:
835:
829:
828:
817:S. a. lonnbergi
813:
808:S. a. hamiltoni
804:
791:
790:
784:
783:
779:
758:
752:
743:
742:
737:
736:
724:
717:
696:
690:
681:
680:
675:
674:
662:
657:Bonaparte, 1857
655:
599:
521:
364:
223:
219:
191:
185:
162:
143:
121:Charadriiformes
66:
57:Pomarine jaeger
35:
28:
27:Family of birds
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3837:
3835:
3827:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3806:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3782:
3769:
3756:
3746:
3733:
3720:
3707:
3694:
3681:
3668:
3655:
3646:Fauna Europaea
3642:
3629:
3616:
3603:
3599:Stercorariidae
3590:
3586:Stercorariidae
3577:
3572:Stercorariidae
3562:
3546:
3544:
3542:Stercorariidae
3538:
3537:
3532:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3493:
3483:
3476:
3465:
3454:
3452:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3434:
3432:
3430:Stercorariidae
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3415:
3408:
3401:
3391:
3384:
3377:
3370:
3363:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3322:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3252:
3245:
3235:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3196:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3173:
3165:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3146:
3138:
3136:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3114:
3104:
3094:
3084:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3049:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3004:
3002:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2978:
2970:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2958:
2951:
2943:
2941:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2910:
2908:
2906:Brachyramphini
2902:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2890:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2870:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2851:
2841:
2834:
2826:
2824:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2795:
2785:
2775:
2764:
2758:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2707:
2699:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2680:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2642:
2632:
2622:
2612:
2605:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2494:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2475:
2464:
2462:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2442:
2435:
2428:
2418:
2411:
2404:
2401:Hydrophasianus
2397:
2389:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2374:Scolopacimilis
2367:
2356:
2354:
2352:incertae sedis
2344:
2343:
2338:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2302:
2300:
2298:Haematopodidae
2294:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2282:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2263:
2253:
2246:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2187:
2177:
2170:
2160:
2153:
2145:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2090:
2088:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2061:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2021:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2001:
1999:
1997:Pluvianellidae
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1979:
1972:
1964:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1949:Cherevychnavis
1941:
1939:
1937:incertae sedis
1929:
1928:
1923:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1876:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1856:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1814:
1812:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1790:
1788:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1763:
1753:
1750:Sarjeantopodus
1743:
1732:
1722:
1710:
1700:
1689:
1678:
1667:
1665:
1663:incertae sedis
1655:
1654:
1649:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1632:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1608:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1552:
1534:
1533:External links
1531:
1528:
1527:
1497:
1481:
1465:
1456:, ed. (1934).
1445:
1440:Vol. 6, p. 149
1419:
1401:
1383:
1376:
1355:
1337:
1320:
1313:
1289:
1255:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1154: LC
1149:
1131:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1110:
1095:Two subspecies
1094:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1087:Vieillot, 1819
1078:
1064:
1063:
1056: LC
1051:
1033:
1024:
1013:
999:
998:
991: LC
986:
968:
959:
948:
934:
933:
926: LC
921:
903:
894:
883:
872:
871:
864: LC
859:
841:
833:Southern Ocean
830:
827:
826:
814:
805:
788:
787:
786:
785:
781:(Lesson, 1831)
772:
761:
760:
753: LC
748:
730:
721:
719:Saunders, 1893
710:
699:
698:
691: LC
686:
668:
659:
648:
637:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
598:
595:
520:
517:
376:S. antarcticus
363:
360:
348:Arctic regions
262:Stercorariidae
211:
210:
200:
199:
193:
192:
186:
177:
176:
170:
169:
155:
151:
150:
141:Stercorariidae
138:
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133:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
108:
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103:
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93:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
60:
59:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
18:Stercorariidae
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3836:
3825:
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3400:
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3333:
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3323:
3320:
3319:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3305:
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3302:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3246:
3244:
3243:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3205:
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3202:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3172:
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3167:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3124:
3123:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3105:
3103:
3102:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2994:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2963:
2957:
2956:
2955:Ptychoramphus
2952:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2930:Fraterculinae
2927:
2917:
2916:
2915:Brachyramphus
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2802:Pseudocepphus
2796:
2794:
2793:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2727:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2692:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2603:
2596:
2594:
2593:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2490:Rostratulidae
2487:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2394:Actophilornis
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2336:
2332:
2323:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2267:Recurvirostra
2264:
2262:
2261:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2243:Cladorhynchus
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2113:Hoploxypterus
2110:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1779:
1772:
1771:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1711:
1709:
1708:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1696:Fluviatitavis
1690:
1687:
1686:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1594:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1574:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1436:Vol. 1, p. 56
1433:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1377:1-85391-186-0
1373:
1369:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1316:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1266:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1232:
1225:
1222:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1183:
1176:
1173:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1123:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1069:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1004:
1000:
997:
994:
993:
987:
984:
978:
972:
969:
966:
960:
954:
953:
949:
947:
945:
939:
935:
932:
929:
928:
922:
919:
913:
907:
904:
901:
895:
889:
888:
884:
882:
880:
873:
870:
867:
866:
860:
857:
851:
845:
842:
839:
834:
831:
823:
818:
815:
811:(Hagen, 1952)
809:
806:
801:
796:
793:
778:
777:
773:
771:
769:
762:
759:
756:
755:
749:
746:
740:
734:
731:
728:
722:
716:
715:
711:
709:
707:
700:
697:
694:
693:
687:
684:
678:
672:
669:
666:
660:
654:
653:
649:
647:
645:
640:Chilean skua
638:
621:
615:
610:
609:
602:
596:
594:
592:
591:hybridization
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
547:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
526:
518:
513:
508:
500:
496:
494:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
461:
459:
458:elephant seal
455:
451:
450:giant petrels
447:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
368:
361:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
336:
334:
330:
326:
325:
319:
315:
314:
309:
304:
300:
299:
294:
291:name for the
290:
285:
283:
279:
276:, are called
275:
274:pomarine skua
271:
267:
263:
260:
256:
255:
251:
247:
241:
218:
209:
207:
201:
198:
194:
189:
184:
183:
178:
175:
171:
166:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
147:
142:
139:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
119:
116:
115:
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106:
105:
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85:
82:
79:
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70:
65:
61:
58:
54:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3541:
3495:
3488:
3478:
3470:
3460:
3439:Stercorarius
3437:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3367:Rhodostethia
3365:
3360:Pseudosterna
3358:
3348:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3316:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3275:
3268:
3263:Hydrocoloeus
3261:
3254:
3249:Gelochelidon
3247:
3240:
3230:
3220:
3213:
3206:
3199:
3175:
3168:
3148:
3141:
3120:
3111:Paractiornis
3109:
3099:
3089:
3079:
3052:
3030:Praemancalla
3028:
3021:
3014:
3007:
2980:
2973:
2966:Fraterculini
2953:
2946:
2913:
2893:
2873:
2853:
2846:
2836:
2829:
2800:
2790:
2780:
2770:
2709:
2702:
2695:Thinocoridae
2682:
2675:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2627:
2617:
2607:
2600:
2590:
2583:
2578:Limnocryptes
2576:
2569:
2562:
2554:Coenocorypha
2552:
2545:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2517:Scolopacidae
2504:
2499:Nycticryphes
2497:
2477:
2470:
2460:Pedionomidae
2449:Nupharanassa
2447:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2372:
2362:
2351:
2305:
2287:Ibidorhyncha
2285:
2265:
2258:
2248:
2241:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2172:
2165:
2155:
2148:
2141:Charadriinae
2128:
2118:
2111:
2106:Erythrogonys
2104:
2098:Dolicopterus
2096:
2064:
2044:
2034:
2024:
2006:Pluvianellus
2004:
1984:
1974:
1967:
1947:
1936:
1838:
1833:Palaeotringa
1831:
1824:
1817:
1809:Graculavidae
1793:
1785:Laornithidae
1768:
1758:
1748:
1737:
1727:
1716:
1705:
1694:
1683:
1673:
1662:
1622:Infraclass:
1545:
1541:"Skua"
1518:. Retrieved
1513:
1500:
1492:
1484:
1476:
1468:
1458:
1448:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1404:
1395:
1386:
1367:
1340:
1332:
1323:
1299:
1292:
1269:
1258:
1235:
1224:
1208:
1202:
1198:stercoranism
1196:
1182:stercorārius
1175:
1158:
1152:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1112:
1100:
1080:
1071:
1060:
1054:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1015:
1006:
995:
989:
982:
976:
970:
950:
941:
930:
924:
917:
911:
905:
885:
876:
868:
862:
855:
849:
843:
816:
807:
794:
774:
765:
757:
751:
744:
738:
732:
712:
703:
695:
689:
682:
676:
670:
650:
641:
623:Common name
607:
606:
600:
583:feather lice
574:
571:Stercorarius
570:
548:
544:type species
539:
528:Stercorarius
527:
522:
489:
480:
472:
462:
431:
392:
383:
375:
337:
329:Stercorarius
328:
286:
277:
261:
254:Stercorarius
253:
252:
216:
214:
203:
180:
174:Type species
159:Stercorarius
158:
157:
140:
36:
3685:iNaturalist
3566:Wikispecies
3336:Onychoprion
3318:Limicolavis
3308:Leucophaeus
3277:Ichthyaetus
3270:Hydroprogne
3232:Feducciavis
3177:Rhinoptilus
3161:Glareolinae
3134:Glareolinae
3101:Mioglareola
3091:Boutersemia
3065:Glareolidae
3023:Miomancalla
3000:Mancallinae
2639:Parvelorius
2585:Limnodromus
2150:Anarhynchus
2077:Pluvianidae
2057:Pluvianidae
1986:Genucrassum
1901:See below ↓
1881:See below ↓
1861:See below ↓
1840:Telmatornis
1739:Palintropus
1707:Jiliniornis
1685:Eupterornis
1506:Gill, Frank
1204:stercobilin
875:Great skua
764:Brown skua
493:divebombing
372:brown skuas
266:Arctic skua
3808:Categories
3462:Cerestenia
3450:Turnicidae
3412:Thalasseus
3398:Sternalara
3294:Larosterna
3208:Chlidonias
3045:Dromadidae
2982:Fratercula
2975:Cerorhinca
2792:Miocepphus
2772:Divisulcus
2711:Thinocorus
2653:Prosobonia
2646:Phalaropus
2629:Paractitis
2506:Rostratula
2479:Pedionomus
2472:Oligonomus
2439:Microparra
2432:Metopidius
2408:Irediparra
2307:Haematopus
2250:Himantopus
2191:Oreopholus
2184:Jilniornis
2174:Elseyornis
2167:Dorypaltus
2157:Charadrius
2086:Vanellinae
2036:Chionoides
1960:Burhinidae
1826:Graculavus
1819:Dakotornis
1760:Scandiavis
1718:Morsoravis
1624:Neognathae
1593:shorebirds
1591:Genera of
1396:Boston NPR
1286:required.)
1252:required.)
1167:References
575:Catharacta
477:brown skua
460:'s teats.
434:Antarctica
419:grey heron
407:great skua
356:South Pole
293:great skua
272:, and the
127:Suborder:
3480:Ortyxelos
3472:Eocliffia
3343:Pagophila
3329:Limosavis
3170:Cursorius
3122:Precursor
3081:Becassius
2848:Pinguinus
2571:Gallinago
2540:Bartramia
2385:Jacanidae
2340:Scolopaci
2219:Thinornis
2212:Pluvialis
2205:Phegornis
2198:Peltohyas
2066:Pluvianus
2017:Chionidae
1925:Charadrii
1872:Scolopaci
1852:Charadrii
1604:Kingdom:
1210:stercoral
1179:The word
567:Holarctic
542:) as the
512:egg tooth
456:from the
446:pinnipeds
344:Antarctic
340:temperate
87:Kingdom:
81:Eukaryota
3819:Seabirds
3551:Wikidata
3490:Turnipax
3405:Sternula
3374:Rynchops
3350:Phaetusa
3287:Laricola
3222:Creagrus
3143:Glareola
3016:Mancalla
2939:Aethiini
2886:Cepphini
2677:Villetus
2660:Scolopax
2609:Numenius
2547:Calidris
2533:Arenaria
2260:Kashinia
2120:Vanellus
1969:Burhinus
1770:Volgavis
1729:Nahmavis
1612:Chordata
1610:Phylum:
1606:Animalia
1430:(1760).
1414:BBC News
1348:Archived
1231:"Jaeger"
1185:is from
1105:Vieillot
579:genetics
563:skimmers
519:Taxonomy
442:penguins
427:penguins
423:lemmings
378:) and a
352:migrants
246:seabirds
188:Linnaeus
137:Family:
101:Chordata
97:Phylum:
91:Animalia
77:Domain:
3557:Q205323
3242:Gaviota
3192:Laridae
3150:Stiltia
3009:Alcodes
2895:Cepphus
2813:Alcinae
2756:Alcidae
2704:Attagis
2619:Nuntius
2602:Mirolia
2564:Elorius
2526:Actitis
2425:Janipes
2364:Hakawai
2026:Chionis
1795:Laornis
1634:Order:
1630:Neoaves
1628:Clade:
1616:Class:
1520:24 June
1477:The Auk
1398:. 2016.
1188:stercus
1140:Habitat
1042:Habitat
977:Habitat
912:Habitat
850:Habitat
824:, 1912)
822:Mathews
802:, 1831)
739:Habitat
677:Habitat
614:Brisson
597:Species
411:puffins
399:carrion
298:skúgvur
289:Faroese
278:jaegers
197:Species
165:Brisson
154:Genus:
117:Order:
107:Class:
3791:136990
3765:168297
3749:NZOR:
3716:176790
3703:101112
3497:Turnix
3388:Sterna
3054:Dromas
2948:Aethia
2822:Alcini
2667:Tringa
2592:Limosa
2415:Jacana
2130:Viator
2046:Neilus
1976:Esacus
1374:
1311:
1265:"Skua"
1213:, etc.
1193:etymon
1107:, 1819
800:Lesson
629:Range
616:, 1760
605:Genus
561:, and
555:waders
397:, and
346:, and
313:kjógvi
308:Skúvoy
268:, the
259:family
190:, 1758
167:, 1760
148:, 1871
42:Skuas
3814:Skuas
3786:WoRMS
3778:39602
3742:54049
3698:IRMNG
3690:71367
3651:10781
3381:Rissa
3301:Larus
3256:Gygis
3201:Anous
2684:Xenus
1280:
1246:
551:gulls
525:genus
465:birds
415:gulls
395:offal
333:Latin
324:Jäger
250:genus
217:skuas
3737:NCBI
3711:ITIS
3677:9347
3672:GBIF
3638:7985
3612:1433
3607:BOLD
3419:Xema
2855:Uria
2838:Alle
2831:Alca
2744:Lari
1892:Lari
1618:Aves
1522:2019
1372:ISBN
1309:ISBN
1146:Diet
1134:Size
1048:Diet
1036:Size
983:Diet
971:Size
918:Diet
906:Size
856:Diet
844:Size
745:Diet
733:Size
683:Diet
671:Size
608:Skua
559:auks
523:The
485:cere
454:milk
444:and
413:and
370:Two
215:The
206:text
204:See
146:Gray
131:Lari
111:Aves
3724:NBN
3633:EoL
3625:GNX
3620:CoL
3594:AFD
3581:ADW
1305:365
1195:of
495:'.
331:is
280:in
234:juː
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3596::
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1358:^
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479:,
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284:.
208:.
3486:†
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3468:†
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237:ə
231:k
228:s
225:ˈ
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