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519:. Cycloamylose and related cycloglucans are now used extensively in food and biotechnology industries. Further research on starch metabolism with Alison Smith and Sam Zeeman at the John Innes Centre led to the discovery of a novel pathway of starch breakdown in leaves. Smith was also instrumental in defining pathways of energy metabolism involving peroxisomes, particularly fatty acid
35:
543:. They are washed into the soil by rain and stimulate germination of dormant seeds of fire-following plants that reside in the soil seed-bank. This response to karrikins is a specific evolutionary adaption of numerous fire-following plant species, providing them with the opportunity to grow and reproduce successfully in the post-fire environment.
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and became
Winthrop Professor of Plant Genomics. He was founding member of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology in 2005, and was a Chief Investigator until 2014. He also established and was Director of the Centre of Excellence for Plant Metabolomics. In 2015 he
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can respond to karrikins under specific conditions and this provided the breakthrough required to discover their mode of action. His group was able to isolate karrikin-insensitive mutants in
Arabidopsis, and the subsequent identification of the mutated genes revealed that karrikin perception and
380:
511:, to report calcium signalling in plants. Together they obtained funding, created the plants and showed that they could report rapid calcium signalling in response to cold, fungi, touch and wind. This work predated similar research using
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His research has further revealed that the usual function of KAI2 is to perceive an endogenous signalling compound that is neither karrikin nor strigolactone, but is probably very similar. He proposes that duplication of an ancestral
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in
Harpenden, Hertfordshire. Working at Rothamsted inspired him to embark on a career in plant sciences and he obtained university entrance qualifications through ‘day-release’ and evening classes at Luton College of Technology.
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Nelson, David C.; Flematti, Gavin R.; Ghisalberti, Emilio L.; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Smith, Steven M. (1 January 2012). "Regulation of Seed
Germination and Seedling Growth by Chemical Signals from Burning Vegetation".
714:
Bedbrook, John R.; Smith, Steven M.; Ellis, R. John (23 October 1980). "Molecular cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding the precursor to the small subunit of chloroplast ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase".
758:
Knight, Marc R.; Campbell, Anthony K.; Smith, Steven M.; Trewavas, Anthony J. (8 August 1991). "Transgenic plant aequorin reports the effects of touch and cold-shock and elicitors on cytoplasmic calcium".
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as a major family of naturally occurring plant growth regulators, determination of karrikin mode of action and evolution of the karrikin response. Karrikins are small organic compounds produced by
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gene in early land plants led to the evolution of two genes in seed plants one of which perceives strigoactones and the other perceives the endogenous karrikin-like compound.
515:
from the same jellyfish. In 1996 Smith and his PhD student
Takeshi Takaha reported the discovery of cyclic glucans containing up to 200 glucose residues, which they named
1833:
1614:
Scaffidi, Adrian; Waters, Mark T.; Sun, Yueming K.; Skelton, Brian W.; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Ghisalberti, Emilio L.; Flematti, Gavin R.; Smith, Steven M. (1 July 2014).
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Smith's research is directed towards understanding plant growth and development at the molecular level, and seeking ways to improve plant productivity and value.
1722:"A Selaginella moellendorffii Ortholog of KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 Functions in Arabidopsis Development but Cannot Mediate Responses to Karrikins or Strigolactones"
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known as MORE AXILARY GROWTH2 (MAX2). These discoveries revealed that karrikin signalling occurs by a similar mechanism to the signalling of chemically-related
1198:
Nelson, David C.; Riseborough, Julie-Anne; Flematti, Gavin R.; Stevens, Jason; Ghisalberti, Emilio L.; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Smith, Steven M. (1 February 2009).
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1616:"Strigolactone Hormones and Their Stereoisomers Signal through Two Related Receptor Proteins to Induce Different Physiological Responses in Arabidopsis"
622:
Smith is married to Dr Brenda
Winning and they have one daughter, born in 1998. Smith is a side drummer in the City of Hobart Highland Pipe Band.
63:
43:
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and cloned several key enzymes of plant metabolism, including malate synthase, isocitrate lyase and PEP carboxykinase. He conceived an idea with
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Waters, Mark T.; Nelson, David C.; Scaffidi, Adrian; Flematti, Gavin R.; Sun, Yueming K.; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Smith, Steven M. (1 April 2012).
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Nelson, David C.; Flematti, Gavin R.; Riseborough, Julie-Anne; Ghisalberti, Emilio L.; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Smith, Steven M. (13 April 2010).
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hormones. Crucially, he established that karrikins and strigolactones are perceived independently, and elicit different responses in plants.
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Scaffidi, Adrian; Waters, Mark T.; Ghisalberti, Emilio L.; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Flematti, Gavin R.; Smith, Steven M. (1 October 2013).
136:
1200:"Karrikins Discovered in Smoke Trigger Arabidopsis Seed Germination by a Mechanism Requiring Gibberellic Acid Synthesis and Light"
464:
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Waters, Mark T.; Scaffidi, Adrian; Moulin, Solène L. Y.; Sun, Yueming K.; Flematti, Gavin R.; Smith, Steven M. (1 July 2015).
117:
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1434:"Specialisation within the DWARF14 protein family confers distinct responses to karrikins and strigolactones in Arabidopsis"
89:
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499:, which is responsible for carbon dioxide fixation by plants. In Edinburgh in the pre-genomics era, he collaborated with
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448:. He spent 20 years in Edinburgh rising to become Head of the Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences. He served the
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Nelson, David C.; Scaffidi, Adrian; Dun, Elizabeth A.; Waters, Mark T.; Flematti, Gavin R.; Dixon, Kingsley W.;
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During his PhD studies Smith collaborated with John
Bedbrook at the Plant Breeding Institute to clone the first
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Smith, Steven M; Li, Jiayang (1 October 2014). "Signalling and responses to strigolactones and karrikins".
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Waters, Mark T.; Scaffidi, Adrian; Sun, Yueming K.; Flematti, Gavin R.; Smith, Steven M. (1 August 2014).
540:
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Takaha, Takeshi; Yanase, Michiyo; Takata, Hiroki; Okada, Shigetaka; Smith, Steven M. (9 February 1996).
592:
460:
429:
255:
212:
1257:"Karrikins enhance light responses during germination and seedling development in Arabidopsis thaliana"
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was appointed
Professor of Plant Genetics and Biochemistry in the School of Biological Sciences at the
963:"Arabidopsis Peroxisomal Citrate Synthase Is Required for Fatty Acid Respiration and Seed Germination"
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879:"Potato D-enzyme Catalyzes the Cyclization of Amylose to Produce Cycloamylose, a Novel Cyclic Glucan"
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and appointed
Visiting Professor in the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology in Beijing.
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1328:"F-box protein MAX2 has dual roles in karrikin and strigolactone signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana"
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Structure and function of the cucumber malate synthase gene and expression during plant development
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Smith, Alison M.; Zeeman, Samuel C.; Smith, Steven M. (1 January 2005). "Starch
Degradation".
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Smith's current and most important contribution to plant biology lies in the establishment of
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USA to study for a master's degree under the supervision of Carlos Miller, the discoverer of
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Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture
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of creating transgenic plants expressing the calcium-sensitive luminous jellyfish protein,
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Pracharoenwattana, Itsara; Cornah, Johanna E.; Smith, Steven M. (1 July 2005).
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Science and Engineering Research Council UK, NATO Postdoctoral Fellowship, 1980
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Division of Plant Industry in Canberra, Australia. After a short period at the
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in Norwich, he was appointed to a lectureship in the Botany Department at the
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Flematti, Gavin R.; Dixon, Kingsley W; Smith, Steven M. (21 December 2015).
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1174:"Chemicals in smoke can help forests regenerate after fire | Pacific Beat"
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Synthesis of the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase
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Chinese Academy of Sciences, President's International Fellowship, 2015
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424:. Smith returned to the UK to study for a PhD under the supervision of
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Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)
812:"Wind-induced plant motion immediately increases cytosolic calcium"
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He was awarded first class honours in Biological Sciences from the
1126:"Groundbreaking plant scientist joined the University of Tasmania"
392:
182:
375:
is Emeritus Professor of Plant Genetics and Biochemistry at the
1148:"Bushfire science helping seeds germinate quicker and stronger"
1567:"Carlactone-independent seedling morphogenesis in Arabidopsis"
1020:"What are karrikins and how were they 'discovered' by plants?"
601:, Senior International Scientists Visiting Professorship, 2013
395:, Bedfordshire, England. He attended Luton Grammar School and
73:
from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
28:
810:
Knight, M. R.; Smith, S. M.; Trewavas, A. J. (1 June 1992).
452:
as a Teaching Quality Assessor and was External Examiner at
296:
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
432:
during which time he conducted some of his research at the
1326:; Ghisalberti, Emilio L.; Smith, Steven M. (24 May 2011).
1105:"Finding the signalling system for plant 'smoke' response"
491:
encoding a plant enzyme. This enzyme is ribulose-1,5-
472:. In 2013 and 2014 he was awarded Fellowships by the
663:
Graham, Ian A.; Smith, Laura M.; Brown, John W. S.;
399:before becoming an Assistant Scientific Officer at
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531:Karrikins: a new family of plant growth regulators
1071:"Smoke linked to stronger, thicker plant growth"
671:(1989). "The malate synthase gene of cucumber".
495:phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, abbreviated to
1332:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1261:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
816:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
315:Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology
557:known as KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 (KAI2) and an
268:, President’s International Fellowship, (2014)
1673:"The karrikin response system of Arabidopsis"
249:Fellowship of the Institute of Biology (1998)
8:
1819:Academic staff of the University of Tasmania
585:Fellowship of the Institute of Biology, 1998
1534:. SI: Cell signalling and gene regulation.
1483:"Plant biology: Witchcraft and destruction"
379:in Australia and Chief Investigator in the
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66:about living persons that is unsourced or
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450:Scottish Higher Education Funding Council
137:Learn how and when to remove this message
1834:Academics of the University of Edinburgh
940:10.1146/annurev.arplant.56.032604.144257
456:in Singapore. Following the award of an
631:
613:Clarivate Highly Cited Researcher, 2022
645:(PhD thesis). University of Edinburgh.
1824:Alumni of the University of Leicester
1427:
1425:
1408:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042811-105545
7:
1829:Alumni of the University of Warwick
1481:Smith, Steven M. (1 January 2013).
25:
1532:Current Opinion in Plant Biology
648:
149:Australian and British scientist
33:
883:Journal of Biological Chemistry
465:University of Western Australia
401:Rothamsted Experimental Station
309:University of Western Australia
292:Rothamsted Experimental Station
283:Plant Genetics and Biochemistry
263:, Visiting Professorship (2013)
1396:Annual Review of Plant Biology
928:Annual Review of Plant Biology
639:Graham, Ian Alexander (1989).
1:
1069:Khan, Amina (30 March 2010).
610:Highly Cited Researcher, 2016
391:Smith was born and raised in
463:in 2004, Smith moved to the
44:biography of a living person
599:Chinese Academy of Sciences
589:Australian Research Council
474:Chinese Academy of Sciences
458:Australian Research Council
366:www.stevensmithresearch.com
313:Chinese Academy of Sciences
266:Chinese Academy of Sciences
261:Chinese Academy of Sciences
252:Australian Research Council
185:, Bedfordshire, England, UK
71:must be removed immediately
1850:
1778:"HCR Clarivate Analytics"
1544:10.1016/j.pbi.2014.06.003
1178:www.radioaustralia.net.au
1037:10.1186/s12915-015-0219-0
513:green fluorescent protein
358:
272:
161:
434:Plant Breeding Institute
397:Luton Sixth Form College
387:Education and early life
1782:HCR Clarivate Analytics
1353:10.1073/pnas.1100987108
1324:Beveridge, Christine A.
1282:10.1073/pnas.0911635107
837:10.1073/pnas.89.11.4967
673:Plant Molecular Biology
446:University of Edinburgh
426:Professor R. John Ellis
414:University of Leicester
305:University of Edinburgh
203:University of Leicester
979:10.1105/tpc.105.031856
896:10.1074/jbc.271.6.2902
665:Leaver, Christopher J.
577:Awards and recognition
546:Smith discovered that
470:University of Tasmania
377:University of Tasmania
319:University of Tasmania
194:Australian and British
58:Please help by adding
1632:10.1104/pp.114.240036
1216:10.1104/pp.108.131516
593:Federation Fellowship
553:response required an
461:Federation Fellowship
430:University of Warwick
256:Federation Fellowship
213:University of Warwick
1738:10.1105/tpc.15.00146
555:alpha/beta hydrolase
549:Arabidopsis thaliana
454:Ngee Ann Polytechnic
442:John Innes Institute
301:John Innes Institute
168:Steven Smith at the
64:Contentious material
1814:British geneticists
1508:10.1038/nature12843
1499:2013Natur.504..384S
1344:2011PNAS..108.8897N
1273:2010PNAS..107.7095N
828:1992PNAS...89.4967K
773:1991Natur.352..524K
729:1980Natur.287..692B
1451:10.1242/dev.074567
685:10.1007/BF00016022
418:Indiana University
208:Indiana University
1690:10.1111/tpj.12430
1677:The Plant Journal
1584:10.1111/tpj.12265
1571:The Plant Journal
1493:(7480): 384–385.
1338:(21): 8897–8902.
1267:(15): 7095–7100.
1128:. 4 December 2014
1075:Los Angeles Times
822:(11): 4967–4971.
767:(6335): 524–526.
723:(5784): 692–697.
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349:Doctoral students
274:Scientific career
233:Dr Brenda Winning
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86:"Steven M. Smith"
47:needs additional
16:(Redirected from
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525:glyoxylate cycle
505:Anthony Trewavas
338:Doctoral advisor
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