221:) noise the machines made while printing. Pulses on the telegraph line made a letter wheel turn step by step until the correct symbol was reached and then printed. A typical 32-symbol letter wheel had to turn on average 15 steps until the next letter could be printed resulting in a very slow printing speed of one character per second. In 1883, ticker transmitter keyboards resembled the keyboard of a piano with black keys indicating letters and the white keys indicating numbers and fractions, corresponding to two rotating type wheels in the connected ticker tape printers.
45:
139:
290:
156:
168:
130:
Previously, stock prices had been hand-delivered via written or verbal messages. Since the useful time-span of individual quotes is very brief, they generally had not been sent long distances; aggregated summaries, typically for one day, were sent instead. The increase in speed provided by the ticker
247:
Ticker tapes then and now contain generally the same information. The ticker symbol is a unique set of characters used to identify the company. The shares traded is the volume for the trade being quoted. Price traded refers to the price per share of a particular trade. Change direction is a visual
70:
The ticker tape revolutionized financial markets, as it relayed information from trading floors continuously and simultaneously across geographical distances. Paper ticker tape became obsolete in the 1960s, as television and computers were increasingly used to transmit financial information. The
146:
By the 1880s, there were about a thousand stock tickers installed in the offices of New York bankers and brokers. In 1890, members of the exchange agreed to create the New York
Quotation Co., buying up all other ticker companies to ensure accuracy of reporting of price and volume activity.
131:
allowed for faster and more exact sales. Since the ticker ran continuously, updates to a stock's price whenever the price changed became effective much faster and trading became a more time-sensitive matter. For the first time, trades were being done in what is now thought of as
114:
in 1863; he unveiled his device in New York City on
November 15, 1867. Early versions of stock tickers provided the first mechanical means of conveying stock prices ("quotes"), over a long distance via telegraph wiring. In its infancy, the ticker used the same symbols as
258:. Change amount refers to the difference in price from the previous day's closing. Many today include color to indicate whether a stock is trading higher than the previous day's (green), lower than previous (red), or has remained unchanged (blue or white).
199:
designed for operation over telegraph wires was used at the opposite end of the telegraph wire connection to the ticker machine. Text typed on the typewriter was displayed on the ticker machine at the opposite end of the connection.
275:, before electronic scoreboards, manual score turners used a ticker to get the latest scores from around the league. Today, computers and electronic scoreboards have replaced the manual scoreboard and the ticker.
224:
Newer and more efficient tickers became available in the 1930s, but these newer and better tickers still had an approximate 15- to 20-minute delay. Ticker machines became obsolete in the 1960s, replaced by
67:, which printed abbreviated company names as alphabetic symbols followed by numeric stock transaction price and volume information. The term "ticker" came from the sound made by the machine as it printed.
102:
in 1846, early models were fragile, required hand-cranked power, frequently went out of synchronization between sender and receiver, and did not become popular in widespread commercial use.
209:(usually shortened forms of a company's name), followed by brief information about the price of that company's stock; the thin strip of paper on which they were printed was called
340:" in Manhattan, most often when local sports teams win a championship. However, actual ticker tape is not used any longer during these parades; often, pieces of paper from
795:
1057:
229:; none have been manufactured for use for decades. However, working reproductions of at least one model are now being manufactured for museums and collectors.
1148:
106:
improved the printing telegraph design with clockwork weight power in 1856, and his design was further improved and became viable for commercial use when
71:
concept of the stock ticker lives on, however, in the scrolling electronic tickers seen on brokerage walls and on news and financial television channels.
752:
232:
Simulated ticker displays, named after the original machines, still exist as part of the display of television news channels and on some websites—see
1163:
910:
1445:
1153:
1052:
788:
465:
1394:
1168:
159:
Hughes telegraph (1866–1914) transmitter keyboard to send text over telegraph wires to be printed as text on a paper tape. Manufactured by
742:
615:
482:
455:
781:
1460:
1409:
1369:
119:
as a medium for conveying messages. One of the earliest practical stock ticker machines, the
Universal Stock Ticker developed by
1229:
1173:
1107:
1092:
1082:
110:
devised a resynchronization system in 1858. The first stock price ticker system using a telegraphic printer was invented by
757:
543:
1322:
1133:
1450:
1298:
1271:
1072:
560:
38:
1279:
1062:
903:
945:
1143:
1117:
1077:
79:
737:
1465:
1435:
380:
1314:
870:
1021:
1001:
1404:
1138:
1011:
708:
370:
237:
1440:
1195:
1047:
935:
896:
63:
lines, in use from around 1870 to 1970. It consisted of a paper strip that ran through a machine called a
1430:
1330:
590:
1379:
1306:
1067:
975:
337:
188:
60:
700:
1455:
1389:
1374:
1026:
996:
160:
83:
248:
cue showing whether the stock is trading higher or lower than the previous trade, hence the terms
1353:
804:
314:
284:
184:
95:
138:
623:
289:
1244:
1158:
940:
864:
461:
437:
416:"The Material Politics of Finance: The Ticker Tape and the London Stock Exchange, 1860s–1890s"
111:
75:
1213:
1102:
427:
241:
236:. One of the most famous outdoor displays is the simulated ticker scrolling marquee called "
226:
176:
107:
99:
654:
1236:
1221:
767:
547:
191:, with the advantage that the output was readable text, instead of the dots and dashes of
103:
44:
1399:
1263:
1189:
1097:
1087:
687:
365:
353:
341:
132:
317:. Ticker tape parades generally celebrated some significant event, such as the end of
1424:
1384:
955:
919:
768:
Telegraph
History: Some Early Days of Western Union's Stock Ticker Service, 1871-1910
395:
333:
294:
205:
120:
55:
was the earliest electrical dedicated financial communications medium, transmitting
17:
1016:
950:
858:
852:
519:
375:
322:
124:
670:
1006:
960:
540:
390:
318:
233:
180:
31:
155:
1112:
970:
965:
846:
731:
196:
192:
116:
568:
441:
1348:
980:
501:
326:
310:
127:
characters with a printing speed of approximately one character per second.
773:
457:
Technical
Analysis: The Complete Resource for Financial Market Technicians
302:
272:
309:
either cut up into scraps or thrown as whole spools, primarily in lower
876:
823:
819:
432:
415:
306:
254:
637:
167:
171:
A ticker monitor simulates ticker tape but uses a different method.
829:
520:"George M. Phelps: Master Telegraph Instrument Maker and Inventor"
385:
288:
166:
154:
137:
56:
43:
888:
762:
483:"ADT in $ 6.9 Billion Deal to Sell Itself to Apollo Buyout Firm"
892:
777:
747:
293:
Ticker tape parade in New York City for presidential candidate
297:
in 1960. The long streamers are entire spools of ticker tape.
74:
Ticker tape stock price telegraphs were invented in 1867 by
508:(with alphabetic keyboard and printer) issued May 20, 1856
352:
Ticker tape was also incorporated into some of the weaver
748:
Engineering and
Technology History Wiki: The Stock Ticker
187:. This used the technology of the then-recently invented
758:
The Stock Ticker
Company: History of ticker machines.
743:
Ticker Tape Digest (brief history of the ticker tape)
763:
Software emulating stock ticker tape on your desktop
734:
The
Investment FAQ. 19 September 1999. 20 April 2007
175:
Stock ticker machines are an ancestor of the modern
1362:
1341:
1290:
1255:
1205:
1182:
1126:
1040:
989:
926:
839:
812:
671:"Stock Ticker Company: The Universal Stock Ticker"
181:transmitting text over a wire to a printing device
591:"This Day in History: First stock ticker debuts"
1058:Edison Gower-Bell Telephone Company of Europe
904:
789:
344:are used as a convenient source of confetti.
8:
753:WorldWideSchool: Edison and the Stock Ticker
911:
897:
889:
796:
782:
774:
638:"Western Union 5A Stock Quotation Machine"
431:
325:, or the safe return of one of the early
179:, being one of the first applications of
406:
1053:Edison and Swan Electric Light Company
655:"Sending Messages over Ticker System,"
332:Ticker tape parades are still held in
305:, to be thrown from the windows above
7:
1169:General Electric Research Laboratory
481:Picker, Leslie (February 16, 2016).
217:comes from the distinct tapping (or
732:Exchanges - Ticker Tape Terminology
301:Used ticker tape was repurposed as
738:Thomas Edison's Ticker Tape Patent
25:
688:Glenn's second ticker tape parade
203:The machines printed a series of
1410:Thomas Alva Edison silver dollar
1370:Thomas Edison in popular culture
1164:Storage Battery Company Building
1230:The Wizard of Evergreen Terrace
565:National Inventors Hall of Fame
561:"Profile for Edward A. Calahan"
541:The History of the Stock Ticker
1108:Motion Picture Patents Company
1093:Edison Storage Battery Company
1083:Edison Portland Cement Company
142:Edison gold & stock ticker
48:Watching the ticker tape, 1918
1:
1446:History of telecommunications
1299:The Execution of Mary Stuart
1073:Edison Manufacturing Company
163:, Germany; range: 300–400 km
96:telegraphic printing systems
39:Ticker tape (disambiguation)
1280:Tales from the Bully Pulpit
1063:Edison Illuminating Company
690:BBC News, November 17, 1998
27:Digital communication media
1482:
1118:Oriental Telephone Company
1078:Edison Ore-Milling Company
518:Casale, John (1997–2008).
282:
80:American Telegraph Company
36:
29:
1272:Edison's Conquest of Mars
1149:Memorial Tower and Museum
381:Stock market data systems
313:; this became known as a
1154:National Historical Park
946:Edison's Phonograph Doll
871:Optical mark recognition
705:Archives of American Art
460:. FT Press. 2010-11-15.
420:Enterprise & Society
356:' unusual art textiles.
30:Not to be confused with
1461:19th-century inventions
1405:Statue of Thomas Edison
1012:Incandescent light bulb
709:Smithsonian Institution
701:"Dorothy Liebes Papers"
522:. Telegraph-History.org
336:, specifically in the "
59:price information over
1196:Theodore Miller Edison
1113:Mine Safety Appliances
1048:Thomas A. Edison, Inc.
936:List of Edison patents
770:by Charles R. Tilghman
675:stocktickercompany.com
298:
172:
164:
143:
49:
414:Handel, John (2021).
292:
283:Further information:
271:In the early days of
170:
158:
141:
78:, an employee of the
47:
1380:Pearl Street Station
1068:Edison Machine Works
976:Quadruplex telegraph
620:tickertapedigest.com
616:"Ticker Tape Digest"
550:Stock Ticker Company
371:Don't fight the tape
161:Siemens & Halske
37:For other uses, see
18:Stock ticker machine
1451:American inventions
1390:Thomas Edison House
1375:War of the currents
1027:Thermionic emission
1022:Nickel–iron battery
1002:Edison–Lalande cell
997:Consolidated Edison
658:Scribner's Magazine
84:The ADT Corporation
1354:Edisonian approach
805:Paper data storage
546:2014-12-25 at the
502:U.S. patent 14,917
487:The New York Times
433:10.1017/eso.2021.3
315:ticker tape parade
299:
285:Ticker tape parade
244:in New York City.
189:telegraph machines
185:printing telegraph
173:
165:
144:
82:who later founded
50:
1418:
1417:
1323:A Night of Terror
941:Carbon microphone
886:
885:
865:Edge-notched card
571:on 9 January 2015
467:978-0-13-705944-7
227:computer networks
112:Edward A. Calahan
98:were invented by
76:Edward A. Calahan
16:(Redirected from
1473:
1466:Printing devices
1436:Office equipment
1214:Young Tom Edison
1103:General Electric
913:
906:
899:
890:
798:
791:
784:
775:
720:
719:
717:
715:
697:
691:
685:
679:
678:
667:
661:
652:
646:
645:
634:
628:
627:
622:. Archived from
612:
606:
605:
603:
601:
587:
581:
580:
578:
576:
567:. Archived from
557:
551:
538:
532:
531:
529:
527:
515:
509:
504:
499:David E Hughes,
497:
491:
490:
478:
472:
471:
452:
446:
445:
435:
411:
338:Canyon of Heroes
242:One Times Square
177:computer printer
108:George M. Phelps
100:Royal Earl House
21:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1358:
1337:
1286:
1251:
1237:The Current War
1222:Edison, the Man
1201:
1178:
1122:
1036:
985:
928:
922:
917:
887:
882:
835:
808:
802:
728:
723:
713:
711:
699:
698:
694:
686:
682:
669:
668:
664:
653:
649:
636:
635:
631:
614:
613:
609:
599:
597:
589:
588:
584:
574:
572:
559:
558:
554:
548:Wayback Machine
539:
535:
525:
523:
517:
516:
512:
500:
498:
494:
480:
479:
475:
468:
454:
453:
449:
413:
412:
408:
404:
362:
350:
342:paper shredders
287:
281:
269:
264:
183:, based on the
153:
104:David E. Hughes
92:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1479:
1477:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1423:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1400:Telephonoscope
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1327:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1268:
1264:The Future Eve
1259:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1241:
1233:
1226:
1218:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1193:
1190:Charles Edison
1186:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1174:Winter Estates
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1098:Edison Studios
1095:
1090:
1088:Edison Records
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
993:
991:
987:
986:
984:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
932:
930:
929:and inventions
924:
923:
918:
916:
915:
908:
901:
893:
884:
883:
881:
880:
874:
868:
862:
856:
850:
843:
841:
837:
836:
834:
833:
827:
816:
814:
810:
809:
803:
801:
800:
793:
786:
778:
772:
771:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
727:
726:External links
724:
722:
721:
692:
680:
662:
647:
629:
626:on 1998-06-29.
607:
582:
552:
533:
510:
492:
473:
466:
447:
426:(3): 857–887.
405:
403:
400:
399:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
366:Commodity tick
361:
358:
354:Dorothy Liebes
349:
346:
280:
277:
268:
265:
263:
260:
206:ticker symbols
152:
149:
133:near real-time
123:in 1869, used
91:
88:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1478:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1441:Thomas Edison
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1385:Edison Museum
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1204:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
992:
988:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
956:Etheric force
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
933:
931:
925:
921:
920:Thomas Edison
914:
909:
907:
902:
900:
895:
894:
891:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
844:
842:
838:
831:
828:
826:(c. 3000 BCE)
825:
821:
818:
817:
815:
811:
806:
799:
794:
792:
787:
785:
780:
779:
776:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
733:
730:
729:
725:
710:
706:
702:
696:
693:
689:
684:
681:
676:
672:
666:
663:
659:
656:
651:
648:
643:
639:
633:
630:
625:
621:
617:
611:
608:
596:
592:
586:
583:
570:
566:
562:
556:
553:
549:
545:
542:
537:
534:
521:
514:
511:
507:
503:
496:
493:
488:
484:
477:
474:
469:
463:
459:
458:
451:
448:
443:
439:
434:
429:
425:
421:
417:
410:
407:
401:
397:
396:Hellschreiber
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
363:
359:
357:
355:
347:
345:
343:
339:
335:
334:New York City
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
296:
295:Richard Nixon
291:
286:
278:
276:
274:
266:
261:
259:
257:
256:
251:
245:
243:
240:" located at
239:
235:
230:
228:
222:
220:
216:
212:
208:
207:
201:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
169:
162:
157:
150:
148:
140:
136:
134:
128:
126:
122:
121:Thomas Edison
118:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
89:
87:
85:
81:
77:
72:
68:
66:
62:
58:
54:
46:
40:
33:
19:
1431:Stock market
1395:Edison Hotel
1329:
1321:
1315:Frankenstein
1313:
1305:
1297:
1278:
1270:
1262:
1243:
1235:
1220:
1212:
1144:Depot Museum
1031:
1017:Movie camera
990:Advancements
951:Edison screw
859:Punched card
853:Punched tape
712:. Retrieved
704:
695:
683:
674:
665:
657:
650:
641:
632:
624:the original
619:
610:
598:. Retrieved
594:
585:
573:. Retrieved
569:the original
564:
555:
536:
524:. Retrieved
513:
505:
495:
486:
476:
456:
450:
423:
419:
409:
376:Punched tape
351:
331:
323:World War II
300:
270:
253:
249:
246:
231:
223:
218:
214:
210:
204:
202:
195:. A special
174:
145:
129:
125:alphanumeric
93:
73:
69:
65:stock ticker
64:
52:
51:
1291:Productions
1139:Black Maria
1032:Ticker tape
1007:Fluoroscopy
961:Kinetoscope
927:Discoveries
855:(mid-1800s)
660:, July 1889
600:18 November
595:History.com
575:18 November
391:Teleprinter
319:World War I
234:news ticker
213:. The word
211:ticker tape
53:Ticker tape
32:News ticker
1456:Telegraphy
1425:Categories
1256:Literature
1159:State Park
1134:Birthplace
971:Phonomotor
966:Phonograph
847:Index card
714:31 January
402:References
327:astronauts
262:Other uses
238:The Zipper
197:typewriter
193:Morse code
151:Technology
117:Morse code
1349:Edisonade
1331:Kidnapped
1127:Monuments
981:Tasimeter
813:Antiquity
642:prc68.com
506:Telegraph
442:1467-2227
311:Manhattan
94:Although
61:telegraph
1307:The Kiss
1232:" (1998)
1041:Ventures
832:(105 CE)
544:Archived
360:See also
303:confetti
273:baseball
267:Baseball
250:downtick
1363:Related
877:Barcode
873:(1930s)
861:(1880s)
849:(1640s)
824:papyrus
820:Writing
526:30 July
307:parades
279:Parades
219:ticking
90:History
1334:(1917)
1326:(1911)
1318:(1910)
1310:(1896)
1302:(1895)
1283:(2004)
1275:(1898)
1267:(1886)
1248:(2020)
1240:(2017)
1225:(1940)
1217:(1940)
1183:Family
879:(1948)
867:(1904)
840:Modern
464:
440:
255:uptick
215:ticker
1342:Terms
1245:Tesla
1206:Films
1198:(son)
1192:(son)
830:Paper
807:media
386:Telex
57:stock
716:2012
602:2014
577:2014
528:2013
462:ISBN
438:ISSN
321:and
252:and
822:on
428:doi
348:Art
1427::
707:.
703:.
673:.
640:.
618:.
593:.
563:.
485:.
436:.
424:23
422:.
418:.
329:.
135:.
86:.
1228:"
912:e
905:t
898:v
797:e
790:t
783:v
718:.
677:.
644:.
604:.
579:.
530:.
489:.
470:.
444:.
430::
41:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
