1384:. The Stolypin agrarian reforms included resettlement benefits for peasants who moved to Siberia. An emigration department was created in 1906 at the ministry of agriculture. It organized resettlement and assisted the settlers during their first years in the new settlements. The settlers received on average 16.5 hectares (40.8 acres) of land per man. The total area allocated was 21 million hectares. Migrants received a small state subsidy, exemption from some taxes, and advice from state agencies specifically developed to help with peasant resettlement.
56:
1335:. Stolypin's program differed from Witte's reforms not in the rapid push — which was a characteristic also found in the Witte reforms — but in the fact that Stolypin's reforms were to the agricultural sector, including improvements to the rights of individuals on a broad level and had the backing of the police. These reforms laid the groundwork for a market-based agricultural system for Russian peasants.
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1404:
were developed as part of the
Stolypin agrarian reforms, including financial-credit cooperation, production cooperation, and consumer cooperation. Many elements of Stolypin's cooperation-assistance programs were later incorporated into the early agrarian programs of the
1269:. Stolypin believed that tying the peasants to their own private land-holdings would produce profit-minded and politically conservative farmers like those living in parts of western Europe. Stolypin referred to his own programs as a "wager on the strong and sober".
1258:
system included collective ownership, scattered land allotments based on family size, and a significant level of control by the family elder. Stolypin, as a staunch conservative, also sought to eliminate the commune system — known as the
1218:. Most, if not all, of these reforms were based on recommendations from a committee known as the "Needs of Agricultural Industry Special Conference," which was held in Russia between 1901 and 1903 during the tenure of Minister of Finance
1387:
In part thanks to these initiatives, approximately 2.8 million of the 10 million migrants to
Siberia relocated between 1908 and 1913. This increased the population of the regions east of the Urals by 2.5 times before the outbreak of
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system and replaced it with a capitalist-oriented form highlighting private ownership and consolidated modern farmsteads designed to make peasants conservative instead of radical.
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The principal ministers involved in the implementation of the
Stolypin agrarian reforms included Stolypin himself as Interior Minister and Prime Minister,
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The Soviet agrarian program in the 1920s reversed the
Stolypin reforms. The state took over land owned by peasants and moved them to collective farms.
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increased. Thompson estimated that between 1890 and 1914 that over 10 million persons migrated freely from western Russia to areas east of the Urals.
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lacked the financial ability to leave their new lands, as they owed money to the state for periods of up to 49 years. Perceived drawbacks of the
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Macey, David. "Reflections on peasant adaptation in rural Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century: the
Stolypin agrarian reforms."
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The state implemented the
Stolypin agrarian reforms in a comprehensive campaign from 1906 through 1914. This system was not a
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Land Reform in Russia, 1906–1917: Peasant
Responses to Stolypin's Project of Rural Transformation
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Land
Commune and Peasant Community in Russia: Communal Forms in Imperial and Early Soviet Society
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Land commune and peasant community in Russia: communal forms in imperial and early Soviet society
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This was encouraged by the Trans-Siberian
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like that found in the Soviet Union in the 1920s, but rather a continuation of the modified
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The reforms began with and introduced the unconditional right of individual landownership (
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A Vision
Unfulfilled: Russia and the Soviet Union in the Twentieth Century
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Kotsonis, Yanni. "The problem of the individual in the Stolypin reforms."
1506:
A Vision Unfulfilled: Russia and the Soviet Union in the Twentieth Century
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A Vision Unfulfilled: Russia and the Soviet Union in the Twentieth Century
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Shelokhaev, Valentin V. "The Stolypin Variant of Russian Modernization."
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Peter Arkadʹevich Stolypin: Practical Politics in Late Tsarist Russia
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P. A. Stolypin: The Search for Stability in Late Imperial Russia
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as Finance Minister and Stolypin's successor as Prime Minister.
27:
Anti-radicalist changes to agrarian society in 1910s Russia
1625:. Sixth edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
1276:
of November 9, 1906). Stolypin's reforms abolished the
1211:'s agricultural sector instituted during the tenure of
1595:
Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History
1283:The multifaceted reforms introduced the following:
1510:. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath and Company. pp.
1503:
1449:. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath and Company. pp.
1442:
1409:, reflecting the lasting influence of Stolypin.
1250:of Britain. Serfs who had been liberated by the
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750:
1646:. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath and Company, 1996.
1287:development of large-scale individual farming (
1236:The reforms aimed to transform the traditional
1611:. Oxford and New York: Clarendon Press, 1999.
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1246:, which bore some similarities to the
1576:. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.
1302:development of agricultural education
1232:Russian peasants' uprising of 1905–06
7:
1670:delineating reforms (at Archive.org)
1361:As a result of the expansion of the
25:
1535:Riasanovsky, Nicholas V. (2000).
1474:Riasanovsky, Nicholas V. (2000).
1426:Riasanovsky, Nicholas V. (2000).
1365:and other railroads east of the
1305:dissemination of new methods of
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1072:Not internationally recognized.
1689:Politics of the Russian Empire
1539:(sixth ed.). p. 432.
1478:(sixth ed.). p. 414.
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530:General Secretariat of Ukraine
1:
1637:Russian Social Science Review
1558:. Stanford University Press.
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298:Great Stand on the Ugra River
1207:were a series of changes to
1252:emancipation reform of 1861
594:Provisional Priamurye Govt.
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1704:1906 in the Russian Empire
1602:Journal of Peasant Studies
1502:Thompson, John M. (1996).
1441:Thompson, John M. (1996).
1430:(6 ed.). p. 373.
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1621:Riasanovsky, Nicholas V.
1400:A number of new types of
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1205:Stolypin agrarian reforms
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1604:31.3-4 (2004): 400–426.
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1639:57.5 (2016): 350–377.
1086:Not fully controlled.
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1331:program begun under
1311:affordable lines of
859:Annexation of Crimea
467:Constituent Assembly
344:Second Patriotic War
1663:Translation of the
1623:A History of Russia
1597:12.1 (2011): 25–52.
1537:A History of Russia
1476:A History of Russia
1428:A History of Russia
1039:Zaporizhzhia Oblast
871:Invasion of Ukraine
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76: •
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1668:of 9 November 1906
1642:Thompson, John M.
1492:( Springer, 1990).
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71:
62:
61:
57:
53:
52:
49:
42:
37:
31:
19:
1665:
1643:
1636:
1622:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1580:
1573:
1555:
1536:
1530:
1505:
1497:
1489:
1484:
1475:
1469:
1444:
1436:
1427:
1421:
1407:Soviet Union
1399:
1386:
1379:
1360:
1357:Colonization
1352:
1337:
1333:Sergei Witte
1322:
1288:
1282:
1277:
1271:
1260:
1255:
1237:
1235:
1220:Sergei Witte
1204:
1202:
1085:
1079:
1071:
1065:
1060:full list...
1058:
1044:
1037:
1023:
1016:
1002:
995:
981:
974:
960:
953:
891:Mobilization
883:Debt default
825:Chechen wars
776:since 1991:
753:full list...
751:
730:Russian SFSR
719:Soviet Union
636:Korenization
606:full list...
604:
540:Russian SFSR
449:
308:Zemsky Sobor
276:full list...
274:
200:full list...
198:
145:
131:Ancient Rus'
1714:Land reform
1390:World War I
1371:Caspian Sea
1244:agriculture
785:August Coup
708:War of Laws
690:Perestroika
668:Warsaw Pact
656:Great Purge
619:1923–1991:
483:White Guard
463:Directorate
432:1917–1923:
289:1480–1917:
215:Feudal Rus'
213:1240–1480:
86:Rus' people
78:Early Slavs
45:History of
1678:Categories
1583:, (1976).
1230:See also:
851:amendments
763:Tannu Tuva
686:Afghan War
621:Soviet Era
129:879–1240:
70:Prehistory
1278:obshchina
1256:obshchina
1239:obshchina
1144:1982–1991
1140:1964–1982
1136:1953–1964
1132:1927–1953
1128:1917–1927
1124:1894–1917
1120:1855–1894
1116:1796–1855
1112:1721–1796
887:Sanctions
837:Oligarchy
767:1921–1944
745:1940–1956
734:1922–1991
723:1922–1991
640:Stalinism
598:1921–1923
587:1918–1920
577:1922–1922
566:1920–1922
555:1919–1922
544:1917–1922
534:1917–1918
523:1917–1918
509:Emigrants
495:Priamurye
479:Civil War
455:July Days
423:1914–1921
412:1900–1905
401:1867–1915
390:1809–1917
379:1799–1867
368:1721–1917
358:1547–1721
268:1263–1547
258:1157–1331
248:1136–1478
192:1093–1157
117:Garðaríki
74:Antiquity
1369:and the
1108:860–1721
1104:Timeline
841:Putinism
795:Protocol
793:Alma-Ata
698:Karabakh
678:transfer
664:Cold War
487:Red Army
471:election
304:Troubles
182:988–1402
172:987–1397
162:882–1136
107:Arthania
36:a series
34:Part of
1375:Siberia
1290:khutors
1150:present
1050:present
1029:present
1008:present
987:present
966:present
946:present
929:present
912:present
875:Prelude
672:Comecon
302:Time of
65:Periods
1650:
1629:
1615:
1587:
1562:
1518:
1457:
1346:, and
1313:credit
809:abroad
676:Crimea
47:Russia
38:on the
1666:Ukase
1512:83–85
1451:83–85
1413:Notes
1274:Ukase
1148:1991–
1084:
1070:
910:1991–
652:GULAG
497:Govt.
138:Rurik
1648:ISBN
1627:ISBN
1613:ISBN
1585:ISBN
1560:ISBN
1516:ISBN
1455:ISBN
1203:The
1046:2022
1025:2022
1004:2022
983:2022
962:2014
942:2000
925:1994
835:) •
821:CSTO
811:" •
807:Near
505:USSR
473:) •
1342:as
1262:mir
833:2nd
829:1st
805:• "
803:CIS
700:War
628:NEP
1680::
1514:.
1453:.
1392:.
1222:.
1146:•
1138:•
1134:•
1126:•
1122:•
1114:•
1110:•
1081:^B
1067:^A
893:•
889:•
885:•
881:•
877:•
869:•
865:•
861:•
857:•
853:•
847:•
843:•
839:•
831:•
823:•
819:•
815:•
801:•
797:•
791:•
787:•
702:•
696:•
692:•
688:•
684:•
680:•
674:•
670:•
666:•
662:•
658:•
654:•
650:•
646:•
642:•
638:•
634:•
630:•
507:•
503:•
499:•
493:•
489:•
485:•
481:•
477:•
465:•
461:•
457:•
453:•
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342:•
338:•
334:•
330:•
326:•
322:•
318:•
314:•
310:•
306:•
300:•
232:•
228:•
224:•
144:•
140:•
1568:.
1524:.
1463:.
1293:)
1192:e
1185:t
1178:v
1048:–
1027:–
1006:–
985:–
964:–
944:–
927:–
897:)
873:(
827:(
710:)
706:(
469:(
20:)
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