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the defense of the
Bastille, which was incorporated in the logbook of the Salis-Samade Regiment and has survived. It is (perhaps unfairly) critical of the dead Marquis de Launay, whom Flue accuses of weak and indecisive leadership. The blame for the fall of the Bastille would rather appear to lie with the inertia of the commanders of the 5,000 Royal Army troops encamped on the Champ de Mars, who did not act when either the nearby HĂŽtel des Invalides or the Bastille were attacked. A brief order sent from the Baron de Besenval to the Governor read only "M. de Launay is to hold firm to the end; I have sent him sufficient forces".
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345:. After four hours of fighting and 94 deaths the insurgents were able to enter the Bastille. The governor de Launay and several members of the garrison were killed after surrender. The Bastille then represented royal authority in the centre of Paris. The prison contained only seven inmates at the time of its storming and was already scheduled for demolition, but was seen by the revolutionaries as a symbol of the monarchy's abuse of power. Its fall was the flashpoint of the
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846:(municipal authorities from the Town Hall) were invited into the fortress and negotiations began, while another was admitted around noon with definite demands. The negotiations dragged on while the crowd grew and became impatient. Around 1:30 pm, the crowd surged into the undefended outer courtyard. A small party climbed onto the roof of a building next to the gate to the inner courtyard of the fortress and broke the chains on the
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864:, along with two cannons each of which was reportedly fired about six times.Several farm wagons were filled with damp straw, which was set alight to provide cover for the besiegers. The clouds of smoke however proved a distraction for both sides and the wagons were hauled away. A substantial force of Royal Army troops encamped on the Champ de Mars did not intervene.
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1105:, "Thus, my Lord, the greatest revolution that we know anything of has been effected with, comparatively speakingâif the magnitude of the event is consideredâthe loss of very few lives. From this moment we may consider France as a free country, the King a very limited monarch, and the nobility as reduced to a level with the rest of the nation."
509:
453:, who had been reportedly imprisoned for refusing to fire on the people. The Assembly recommended the imprisoned guardsmen receive the clemency of the king, return to prison for a token one-day period, and receive a pardon. The rank and file of the regiment, which had been considered reliable, now leaned toward the popular cause.
831:(conquerors of the Bastille) subsequently compiled has 954 names, and the total of the crowd was probably fewer than one thousand. A breakdown of occupations included in the list indicates that the majority were local artisans, together with some regular army deserters and a few distinctive categories, such as 21 wine merchants.
651:, witnessed those events as a young officer and was of the opinion that the soldiers would have obeyed orders if put to the test. He also commented in retrospect that the officers of the French Guards had neglected their responsibilities in the period before the uprising and left the regiment too much to the control of its
644:. The officers of the French Guards made ineffectual attempts to rally their men. The rebellious citizenry had now acquired a trained military contingent. As word of that spread, the commanders of the royal forces encamped on the Champ de Mars became doubtful of the dependability of even the foreign regiments.
662:
On the morning of 13 July, the electors of Paris met and agreed to the recruitment of a "bourgeois militia" of 48,000 men from the sixty voting districts of Paris, to restore order. Their identifying cockades were of blue and red, the colours of Paris. Lafayette was elected commander of that group on
1162:
Palloy also took bricks from the
Bastille and had them carved into replicas of the fortress, which he sold, along with medals allegedly made from the chains of prisoners. Pieces of stone from the structure were sent to every district in France, and some have been located. Various other pieces of the
895:
of the garrison were lynched plus possibly two of the Swiss regulars of the Salis-Samade
Regiment who were reported missing. The remaining Swiss were protected by the French Guards and eventually released to return to their regiment. Their officer, Lieutenant Louis de Flue wrote a detailed report on
1167:
bridge over the Seine, and one of the towers, which was found buried in 1899 and is now at Square Henri-Galli in Paris, as well as the clock bells and pulley system, which are now in the MusĂ©e dâArt
Campanaire. The building itself is outlined in brick on the location where it once stood, as is the
867:
With the possibility of mutual carnage becoming apparent, Governor de Launay ordered the garrison to cease firing at 5:00 pm. A letter written by de Launay offering surrender but threatening to explode the powder stocks held if the garrison were not permitted to evacuate the fortress unharmed, was
563:
and were seen as being less likely to be sympathetic to the popular cause than ordinary French soldiers. By early July, approximately half of the 25,000 regular troops in Paris and
Versailles were drawn from those foreign regiments. The French regiments included in the concentration appear to have
607:
any place where food, guns, and supplies might be hoarded. That night, rumours spread that supplies were hoarded at Saint-Lazare, a huge property of the clergy, which functioned as a convent, hospital, school, and even a jail. An angry mob broke in and plundered the property, seizing 52 wagons of
885:
perceived two bloody heads raised on pikes, which were said to be the heads of the
Marquis de Launay, Governor of the Bastille, and of Monsieur Flesselles, PrévÎt des Marchands. It was a chilling and a horrid sight! ... Shocked and disgusted at this scene, retired immediately from the streets."
854:
as it fell. Soldiers of the garrison called to the people to withdraw, but amid the noise and confusion these shouts were misinterpreted as encouragement to enter. Gunfire began, apparently spontaneously, turning the crowd into a mob. The crowd seems to have felt that they had been intentionally
719:
without meeting significant opposition. Their intention had been to gather the weapons held there (29,000 to 32,000 muskets, but without powder or shot). The commandant at the
Invalides had in the previous few days taken the precaution of transferring 250 barrels of gunpowder to the Bastille for
519:
News of Necker's dismissal reached Paris on the afternoon of Sunday, 12 July. The
Parisians generally presumed that the dismissal marked the start of a coup by conservative elements. Liberal Parisians were further enraged by the fear that a concentration of Royal troops, brought in from frontier
748:
The high cost of maintaining a garrisoned medieval fortress, for what was seen as having a limited purpose, had led to a decision being made shortly before the disturbances began to replace it with an open public space. Amid the tensions of July 1789, the building remained as a symbol of royal
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in a storm of abuse. Outside the HĂŽtel, a discussion as to his fate began. The badly beaten Launay shouted "Enough! Let me die!" and kicked a pastry cook named Dulait in the groin. Launay was then stabbed repeatedly and died. An
English traveller, Doctor Edward Rigby, reported what he saw, "
632:(French Guards) formed the permanent garrison of Paris and, with many local ties, was favourably disposed towards the popular cause. The regiment had remained confined to its barracks during the initial stages of the mid-July disturbances. With Paris becoming the scene of a general riot,
1143:
the commission of disassembling the building. Palloy commenced work immediately, employing about 1,000 workers. The demolition of the fortress itself, the melting down of its clock portraying chained prisoners, and the breaking up of four statues were all carried out within five months.
1086:
and with complete disregard for claims of royal authority, the people established parallel structures of municipalities for civic government and militias for civic protection. In rural areas, many went beyond this: some burned title-deeds and no small number of chĂąteaux, as the
1001:
At
Versailles, the Assembly were for a few hours ignorant of most of the Paris events. The representatives remained however concerned that the Marshal de Broglie might still unleash a pro-Royalist coup to force them to adopt the order of 23 June, and then dissolve the Assembly.
868:
handed out to the besiegers through a gap in the inner gate. His demands were not met, but Launay nonetheless capitulated, as he realised that with limited food stocks and no water supply his troops could not hold out much longer. He accordingly opened the gates, and the
714:
On the morning of 14 July 1789, the city of Paris was in a state of alarm. The partisans of the Third Estate in France, now under the control of the Bourgeois Militia of Paris (soon to become Revolutionary France's National Guard), had earlier stormed the
970:. "Is it a revolt?" asked Louis XVI. The duke replied: "No sire, it's not a revolt; it's a revolution." Indeed, the storming of the Bastille is occasionally suggested to be the founding point of the Revolution in national discourse. In his book
1138:
Although there were arguments that the Bastille should be preserved as a monument to liberation or as a depot for the new National Guard, the Permanent Committee of Municipal Electors at the Paris Town Hall gave the construction entrepreneur
1009:
By the morning of 15 July, the outcome appeared clear to the king as well, and he and his military commanders backed down. The twenty-three regiments of Royal troops concentrated around Paris were dispersed to their frontier garrisons. The
875:
Ninety-eight attackers and one defender had died in the actual fighting or subsequently from wounds, a disparity accounted for by the protection provided to the garrison by the fortress walls. Launay was seized and dragged towards the
1213:
living in Paris on the rue Noyer at the start of 1789. Cholat fought on the side of the Revolutionaries during the storming of the Bastille, manning one of their cannon during the battle. Afterwards, Cholat produced a famous amateur
434:'s words, "intoxicated with liberty and enthusiasm", showed wide support for the Assembly. The press published the debates, and political debate spread beyond the Assembly itself into the public squares and halls of the capital. The
5917:
608:
wheat, which were taken to the public market. The same day, multitudes of people plundered many other places including weapon arsenals. Royal troops did nothing to stop the spreading of social chaos in Paris during those days.
819:
Arrest of Launay by an unknown artist. An analysis in 2013 of the Bastille's dimensions showed that it did not tower over the neighbourhood as depicted in the paintings, but was a comparable height to other buildings in the
602:
Meanwhile, unrest was growing among the people of Paris who expressed their hostility against state authorities by attacking customs posts blamed for causing increased food and wine prices. The people of Paris started to
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978:
had a major role in steering the future of the revolution, using parliamentary and political mechanisms, for the next three years. Nonetheless, the fall of the Bastille marks the first time the regular citizens of
4593:
1155:. Washington displayed it prominently at government facilities and events in New York and in Philadelphia until shortly before his retirement in 1797. The key remains on display at Washington's residence of
5996:
974:, however, historian Ian Davidson argued that Louis XVI capitulating to the Third Estate at Versailles has a better claim to being the founding event, noting that the "bourgeois Revolutionaries" of
1049:
Immediately after the violence of 14 July members of the nobilityâlittle assured by the apparent and, as it was to prove, temporary reconciliation of king and peopleâstarted to flee the country as
423:, a body whose purpose was the creation of a French constitution. The King initially opposed that development but was forced to acknowledge the authority of the assembly, which renamed itself the
1091:" spread across the countryside during the weeks of 20 July to 5 August, with attacks on wealthy landlords impelled by the belief that the aristocracy was trying to put down the revolution.
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apparently was first to bring reasonably accurate news of the Paris events to Versailles. M. Ganilh and Bancal-des-Issarts, dispatched to the HĂŽtel de Ville, confirmed his report.
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1079:, where Calonne, as agent for the count d'Artois and the prince de Condé, began plotting civil war within the kingdom and agitating for a European coalition against France.
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court; James F.X. Whyte, an Irish born "lunatic" suspected of spying and imprisoned at the request of his family; Auguste-Claude Tavernier, who had tried to assassinate
564:
been selected either because of the proximity of their garrisons to Paris or because their colonels were supporters of the reactionary "court party" opposed to reform.
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14 July and subsequently changed its name to the National Guard. He added the colour white, the colour of the King, to the cockade on 27 July, to make the famous
478:
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Micah Alpaugh, "The Politics of Escalation in French Revolutionary Protest: Political Demonstrations, Nonviolence and Violence in the Grandes Journees of 1789",
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successfully rallied the crowd by "mounting a table, pistol in hand, exclaiming: 'Citizens, there is no time to lose; the dismissal of Necker is the knell of
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591:(Marshal of the Camp, Proprietor of the Royal Allemand-Dragoons) unleashed a cavalry charge that dispersed the remaining protesters at Place Louis XVânow
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painting showing the events of the day; produced in primitive, naĂŻve style, it combines all the events of the day into a single graphical representation.
702:
A plan of the Bastille and surrounding buildings made immediately after 1789; the red dot marks the perspective of Claude Cholat's painting of the siege.
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drawn into a trap and the fighting became more violent and intense, while attempts by deputies to organise a cease-fire were ignored by the attackers.
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400:, thought that lavish spending would secure loans by presenting the monarchy as wealthy. That only added to Louis' financial woes. On 5 May 1789, the
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599:, fearing the results of a blood bath amongst the poorly-armed crowds or defections among his own men, then withdrew the cavalry towards SĂšvres.
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The three officers of the permanent Bastille garrison were also killed by the crowd; Surviving police reports detail their wounds and clothing.
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and marched from the Palais Royal through the theatre district before it continued westward along the boulevards. The crowd clashed with the
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Micah Alpaugh, "The Politics of Escalation in French Revolutionary Protest: Political Demonstrations, Nonviolence, and Violence in the
1032:. The king announced that he would recall Necker and return from Versailles to Paris; on 17 July, in Paris, he accepted a blue-and-red
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from the embrasures of the towers and walls and the release of the arms and gunpowder stored inside. Two representatives from the
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Sewell, William H. (December 1996). "Historical Events as Transformations of Structures: Inventing Revolution at the Bastille".
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Christopher J. Tozzi, p. 54 "Nationalizing France's Army. Foreign, Black and Jewish Troops in the French Military, 1715â1831,
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thirty years before; and one "deviant" aristocrat suspected of murder, the Comte de Solages, imprisoned by his father using a
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540:, which was meeting in Versailles. Crowds gathered throughout Paris, including more than ten thousand at the Palais-Royal.
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The crowd gathered outside the fortress around mid-morning, calling for the pulling back of the seemingly threatening
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which occurred on its first anniversary in 1790. In English this holiday is commonly referred to as Bastille Day.
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had been transferred out ten days earlier, after shouting to passers-by that the prisoners were being massacred.
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760:(veteran soldiers no longer suitable for service in the field). It had however been reinforced on 7 July by 32
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2125:
2045:
Jacques Godechot, p. 297 "The Taking of the Bastille July 14th, 1789", Charles Scribner's Sons New York 1970
1923:
Jacques Godechot, p. 315 "The Taking of the Bastille July 14th, 1789", Charles Scribner's Sons New York 1970
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During the public demonstrations that started on 12 July, the multitude displayed busts of Necker and of
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The news of the successful insurrection at Paris spread throughout France. In accord with principles of
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from Bailly and entered the HĂŽtel de Ville to cries of "Long live the King" and "Long live the Nation".
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469:(who had been sympathetic to the Third Estate) and completely reconstituted the ministry. The marshals
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329:, on 14 July 1789, when revolutionary insurgents attempted to storm and seize control of the medieval
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convened to deal with the issue but were held back by archaic protocols and the conservatism of the
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989:, made a major intervention into the Revolution's affairs. For this stage of the Revolution, the
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Alpaugh, Micah (Spring 2014). "A Self-Defining Bourgeoisie in the Early French Revolution: The
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of treachery, and he was assassinated on the way to an ostensible trial at the Palais-Royal.
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On 11 July 1789, Louis XVI, acting under the influence of the conservative nobles of his
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gave the wrought-iron, one-pound and three-ounce key to the Bastille to U.S. President
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2000:"Relation de la prise de la Bastille le 14 juillet 1789 par un de ses défenseurs", in
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The firing continued, and after 3:00 pm, the attackers were reinforced by mutinous
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About 900 people who claimed to have stormed the Bastille received certificates (
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At this point, the Bastille was nearly empty, housing only seven prisoners: four
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for patriots! This very night all the Swiss and German battalions will leave the
419:, with its representatives drawn from the commoners, reconstituted itself as the
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775:. The walls mounted 18 eight-pound guns and 12 smaller pieces. The governor was
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which commemorates both the anniversary of the storming of the Bastille and the
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The French Revolution of 1789 as Viewed in the Light of Republican Institutions
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The crowd, on the authority of the meeting at the Palais-Royal, broke open the
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Thomas Jefferson's letter to John Jay recounting the storming of the Bastille
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392:, as well as poor harvests in the late 1780s. Furthermore, Finance Minister
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1026:âbecame the city's mayor under a new governmental structure known as the
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The King first learned of the storming only the next morning through the
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2576:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 502.
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Comments recorded in diary entries made by Louis-Philipp during 1789
779:, son of a previous governor and actually born within the Bastille.
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stop below it, where a piece of the foundation is also on display.
555:
The Swiss and German battalions referred to were among the foreign
4829:
1243:
LĂŒsebrink, Hans-JĂŒrgen; Reichardt, Rolf; SchĂŒrer, Norbert (1997).
1076:
980:
949:
917:
898:
705:
697:
686:
674:
615:
559:
troops who made up a significant portion of the pre-revolutionary
507:
322:
158:
80:
659:
led to a virtual abdication of royal authority in central Paris.
1210:
5783:
5678:
4868:
4218:
3464:
2823:
2700:
2565:
1332:
1330:
1055:. Among the first to leave were the comte d'Artois (the future
914:
on pikes. The caption reads "Thus we take revenge on traitors".
4895:
François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt
4709:
2436:
The French Revolution. Voices From a Momentous Epoch 1789â1795
1937:
The Bastille Falls: and other studies of the French Revolution
1094:
On 16 July 1789, two days after the Storming of the Bastille,
2390:[George Washington's Liberty Key: Mount Vernon's Bastille Key
1822:
1820:
636:, not trusting the regiment to obey his order, posted sixty
1996:
1994:
1596:
1594:
1450:
1448:
1163:
Bastille also survive, including stones used to build the
552:
to massacre us all; one resource is left; to take arms!'"
1387:
1385:
5997:
Attacks on government buildings and structures in France
1851:
1849:
1847:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1706:
The Wars of the French Revolution and Napoleon 1792â1815
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1317:
1315:
1185:, a 1989 French film dramatizes the storming in Part I.
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1119:. Both had held official positions under the monarchy.
438:
and its grounds became the site of an ongoing meeting.
1506:
1504:
5932:
939:
Returning to the HĂŽtel de Ville, the mob accused the
412:, which made up less than 2% of France's population.
5625:
List of people associated with the French Revolution
2098:
The French Revolution: From Enlightenment to Tyranny
972:
The French Revolution: From Enlightenment to Tyranny
5857:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
5633:
5467:
5460:
5345:
5202:
5124:
5035:
4928:
4875:
4826:
4791:
4761:
4736:
4693:
4567:
4558:
4536:
4241:
4225:
4183:
4146:
4101:
4008:
3955:
3886:
3756:
3730:
3647:
3544:
3471:
3416:
3397:
3370:
3307:
3243:
3138:
3071:
3020:
2974:
2947:
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
2857:
2830:
2062:. New York: William Morrow and Co. pp. 69â82.
1765:"'Paris 3D,' a Digital Model of the French Capital"
910:: militia hoisting the heads of Flesselles and the
1343:History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814
1022:âleader of the Third Estate and instigator of the
2540:the Bastille Days of 1789, and their Aftermath".
4783:Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
993:were allies to the "bourgeois Revolutionaries".
1905:Dr. Rigby's Letters from France &c. in 1789
1075:, the former finance minister. They settled at
872:swept in to take over the fortress at 5:30 pm.
465:, dismissed and banished his finance minister,
23:
2825:Significant civil and political events by year
2489:Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution
2279:. Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington
2199:A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution
1193:, a 2018 French film dramatizes the storming.
640:to station themselves before its depot in the
2712:
694:of the siege of the Bastille by Claude Cholat
8:
6002:Attacks on buildings and structures in Paris
5878:
5837:
5813:
5794:
4778:Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick
2100:. Great Britain: Profile Books. p. 29.
1130:in 1790, and a number of these still exist.
1098:, British ambassador to France, reported to
877:
839:
2410:"14 Revolutionary Facts About Bastille Day"
2311:"Brevet de vainqueur de la Bastille (1790)"
1742:
1740:
710:Flag of the regiment defending the Bastille
5780:
5675:
5464:
4982:Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth
4865:
4564:
4238:
4215:
3461:
2820:
2719:
2705:
2697:
1797:(1980), p. 82 (1982 Penguin Books edition)
1537:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1117:Louis Bénigne François Bertier de Sauvigny
20:
5247:Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau
4905:Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
4728:Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
2365:Digital Encyclopedia of George Washington
2258:
2234:
2086:, Paris, Ăditions Complexe, 1988, p. 102.
1621:
1600:
1495:
2963:Nationalization of the Church properties
2297:
2246:
2210:
2122:"The SĂ©ance royale of 23 June 1789"
2033:
2004:, vol. 4 (Paris: M. J. Taschereau, 1834)
1985:
1948:
1688:
1664:
1527:. Paris. p. Volume VII, Chapter VI.
1454:
1391:
1337:This article incorporates text from the
1321:
5939:
5908:Historiography of the French Revolution
5179:Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville
4890:Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
2588:. C. Scribner's Sons. pp. 128â68.
2176:French Revolutionary Infantry 1789â1802
1963:French Revolutionary Infantry 1789â1802
1939:, Longmans, Green & Co, London 1936
1721:French Revolutionary Infantry 1789â1802
1558:French Revolutionary Infantry 1789â1802
1235:
1202:
655:. However, the uncertain leadership of
515:(1732â1804), French minister of finance
4915:Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-PĂ©rigord
4870:Other significant figures and factions
2347:
2335:
2150:
1891:
1879:
1867:
1855:
1826:
1811:
1676:
1655:, Kenneth Clark, Penguin, 1987, p. 216
1640:
1530:
1483:
1403:
1376:
1364:
1294:
1282:
1100:Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
727:arrested under warrants issued by the
386:intervening in the American Revolution
4962:François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy
4718:James Saumarez, 1st Baron de Saumarez
4657:Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
4615:Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth
3095:Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary
2523:. Jefferson Press. pp. 112â122.
2222:
2162:
1838:
1576:
1510:
1439:
1427:
1415:
1306:
1108:On 22 July 1789 the populace lynched
756:The regular garrison consisted of 82
316:
7:
5987:1789 events of the French Revolution
5116:Louis Marie de La RĂ©velliĂšre-LĂ©peaux
4528:Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
3315:Insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III
2447:. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
671:Storming the Bastille (14 July 1789)
430:Paris, close to insurrection and in
16:Major event of the French Revolution
4723:Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth
2277:Englishmen in the French Revolution
679:People in the Castle of Bastille, (
6007:Riots and civil disorder in France
5913:Influence of the French Revolution
5903:Symbolism in the French Revolution
4667:Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen
4628:Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc
2883:Convocation of the Estates General
2586:A History of the French Revolution
2367:. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association
1708:. New York: Routledge. p. 18.
1124:Brevet de vainqueur de la Bastille
1103:Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds
997:14 to 15 July â immediate reaction
569:Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans
14:
5555:Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes
5287:Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville
4589:Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
4371:François Christophe de Kellermann
3610:Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees)
2060:The Days of the French Revolution
589:Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc
536:, would attempt to shut down the
5954:
5942:
5282:Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
5189:Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
5159:Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
5050:Jean-Marie Roland de la PlatiĂšre
4828:
4793:
4763:
4738:
4695:
4569:
4446:Ădouard Mortier, Duke of TrĂ©vise
4227:
2999:Civil Constitution of the Clergy
2655:
1763:Pfanner, Eric (9 January 2013).
812:
803:Musée de la Révolution française
786:
681:Musée de la Révolution française
384:, caused in part by the cost of
214:
204:
173:
157:
37:
5620:Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil
5367:Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne
5292:Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas
4503:Jean-Mathieu-Philibert SĂ©rurier
4498:Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer
4478:Catherine-Dominique de PĂ©rignon
4306:Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine
3224:Marie Antoinette is guillotined
2466:The Fall of the French Monarchy
771:from the regular troops on the
575:("Royal-Allemand") between the
495:Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin
471:Victor-François, duc de Broglie
140:Prisoners of the Bastille freed
5893:Women in the French Revolution
5495:Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien
4672:Johann MĂ©szĂĄros von SzoboszlĂł
4336:Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino
3965:French invasion of Switzerland
2271:Alger, John Goldworth (1889).
1907:, HardPress Publishing, 2013,
1110:Controller-General of Finances
962:where the Bastille once stood.
396:, Louis XVI's replacement for
211:Bernard-René Jourdan de Launay
1:
5898:Incroyables and merveilleuses
5717:Pierre Claude François Daunou
5505:Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé
4636:Maximilian Baillet de Latour
4607:Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze
3904:Naval Engagement off Brittany
3657:Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies
3631:Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees)
3440:Constitution of the Year VIII
3175:Committee of General Security
3060:National Legislative Assembly
2915:National Constituent Assembly
2626:. Heinemann. pp. 16â17.
1965:. Bloomsbury USA. p. 9.
1653:Civilisation: A Personal View
1350:(1824), as made available by
1071:family, and (slightly later)
904:
649:Louis-Philippe, duc d'Orléans
573:Royal German Cavalry Regiment
538:National Constituent Assembly
425:National Constituent Assembly
5816:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
5610:Charles Alexandre de Calonne
5500:Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
5397:Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte
5297:Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier
4987:Charles Malo François Lameth
4662:Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich
4493:Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
4436:Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey
3636:Second Battle of Wissembourg
3323:Constitution of the Year III
2456:. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd.
2273:"Chapter II. At the Embassy"
1723:. Bloomsbury US. p. 8.
1612:Schama, pp. 340â342, fig. 6.
1073:Charles Alexandre de Calonne
257:of the Salis-Samade Regiment
5712:Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
5337:Antoine Christophe Saliceti
5272:Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois
5232:Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
5111:Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet
5096:JĂ©rĂŽme PĂ©tion de Villeneuve
5091:Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
4900:Isaac René Guy le Chapelier
4753:William V, Prince of Orange
3623:First Battle of Wissembourg
3580:(21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793)
3296:Closing of the Jacobin Club
3165:(27 Jun 1793 â 27 Jul 1794)
3122:(20 Sep 1792 â 26 Oct 1795)
2982:Abolition of the Parlements
2955:Women's March on Versailles
2013:Christopher Hibbert, p. 70
647:The future "Citizen King",
6030:
5847:French Republican calendar
5402:Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel
5027:Bertrand BarĂšre de Vieuzac
4381:Pierre Choderlos de Laclos
4331:Charles François Dumouriez
4321:Jacques François Dugommier
4135:League of Armed Neutrality
3968:(28 January â 17 May 1798)
3920:Battle of the Bay of CĂĄdiz
3743:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
3722:(22 Nov 1794 - 7 Jun 1795)
3386:Second Congress of Rastatt
3170:Committee of Public Safety
3157:(9 Mar 1793 â 31 May 1795)
2678:â official French website
2517:Abbott, John Stevens Cabot
2445:The Taking of the Bastille
2443:Godechot, Jacques (1970).
741:. A previous prisoner the
5862:Cult of the Supreme Being
5790:
5779:
5685:
5674:
5022:Pierre Paul Royer-Collard
4877:Patriotic Society of 1789
4864:
4680:Karl Philipp Sebottendorf
4602:Karl Aloys zu FĂŒrstenberg
4214:
4119:Convention of Alessandria
3460:
3405:Law of 22 Floréal Year VI
2866:What Is the Third Estate?
2819:
2734:
2542:Journal of Social History
2082:Guy Chaussinand-Nogaret,
878:
840:
829:vainqueurs de la Bastille
653:non-commissioned officers
489:, took over the posts of
456:
265:
222:
183:
150:
53:
36:
28:
5977:Storming of the Bastille
5570:Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target
5535:Joséphine de Beauharnais
5417:Stanislas-Marie Maillard
5387:François-Nicolas Vincent
5372:Pierre Gaspard Chaumette
4546:Charles-Alexandre Linois
4441:Jean Victor Marie Moreau
4421:François Séverin Marceau
4401:François Joseph Lefebvre
4296:Jean-Ătienne Championnet
4271:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
4266:Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
4261:Alexandre de Beauharnais
4251:Eustache Charles d'Aoust
3973:French Invasion of Egypt
3851:Second Battle of Bassano
3585:Battle of Kaiserslautern
3359:Conspiracy of the Equals
3052:The Constitution of 1791
2923:Storming of the Bastille
2662:Storming of the Bastille
1525:Le Monde et son Histoire
1523:Louis, Bergeron (1970).
1096:John Frederick Sackville
1059:) and his two sons, the
968:Duke of La Rochefoucauld
359:FĂȘte nationale française
352:In France, 14 July is a
318:[pÊizdÉlabastij]
306:Storming of the Bastille
292:6â8 died after surrender
44:Storming of The Bastille
24:Storming of the Bastille
5550:Jacques-Donatien Le Ray
5422:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
5382:Antoine-François Momoro
5377:Charles-Philippe Ronsin
5194:François de Neufchùteau
5144:Charles-François Lebrun
5086:Jean Baptiste Treilhard
4967:Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas
4843:Luis Firmin de Carvajal
4649:Rudolf Ritter von Otto
4644:Karl Mack von Leiberich
4276:Jean-Baptiste BessiĂšres
4090:Second Battle of Zurich
3981:Irish Rebellion of 1798
3827:First Battle of Bassano
3665:Second Battle of Boulou
3466:Revolutionary campaigns
3424:Coup of 30 Prairial VII
3339:Council of Five Hundred
3127:First republic declared
3063:(1 Oct 1791 â Sep 1792)
3044:Declaration of Pillnitz
2768:Constitutional monarchy
2674:7 December 2017 at the
2573:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
2452:Sydenham, M.J. (1965).
2434:; James, Colin (1988).
2287:– via Wikisource.
2126:Fitchburg State College
1182:La Révolution française
1014:took up command of the
799:Jean-Baptiste Lallemand
595:. The Royal commander,
380:, France faced a major
168:French Guards mutineers
63:; 235 years ago
5879:
5838:
5814:
5795:
5307:Prieur de la CĂŽte-d'Or
5302:Jean-Pierre-André Amar
5212:Maximilien Robespierre
5045:Jacques Pierre Brissot
4910:Emmanuel Joseph SieyĂšs
4341:Louis-Charles de Flers
4326:Thomas-Alexandre Dumas
4291:Jean François Carteaux
4066:First Battle of Zurich
4029:(20 Mar â 21 May 1799)
3984:(23 May â 23 Sep 1798)
3944:Treaty of Campo Formio
3690:Glorious First of June
3618:(18 Sep â 18 Dec 1793)
3577:Expedition to Sardinia
3255:Desmoulins guillotined
3190:Assassination of Marat
3182:Fall of the Girondists
3154:Revolutionary Tribunal
3146:Execution of Louis XVI
3036:Champ de Mars massacre
2939:Abolition of Feudalism
2622:Taylor, David (1997).
2096:Davidson, Ian (2016).
1961:Crowdy, Terry (2004).
1719:Crowdy, Terry (2004).
1141:Pierre-François Palloy
1134:Demolition of Bastille
1113:Joseph Foullon de Doué
963:
936:
915:
777:Bernard-René de Launay
711:
703:
695:
692:An eyewitness painting
684:
625:
516:
487:Joseph Foullon de Doué
313:
184:Commanders and leaders
6012:Insurgencies in Paris
5752:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
5017:Jean-Charles Pichegru
4997:Jean-François Rewbell
4483:Jean-Charles Pichegru
4366:Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
4356:Jacques Maurice Hatry
4127:Battle of Hohenlinden
4000:(12 Oct â 5 Dec 1798)
3835:Battle of Emmendingen
3782:Battle of Castiglione
3669:(30 Apr â 1 May 1794)
3600:Battle of Hondschoote
3271:Thermidorian Reaction
3235:(throughout the year)
3008:FĂȘte de la FĂ©dĂ©ration
2934:(20 Jul â 5 Aug 1789)
2918:(9 Jul â 30 Sep 1791)
2902:(17 Jun â 9 Jul 1790)
2664:at Wikimedia Commons
2624:The French Revolution
2582:Stephens, Henry Morse
2454:The French Revolution
2259:Cobb & James 1988
2235:Cobb & James 1988
2197:and Mona Ozouf, eds.
2084:La Bastille est prise
2015:The French Revolution
1795:The French Revolution
1622:Cobb & James 1988
1601:Cobb & James 1988
1496:Cobb & James 1988
1251:Duke University Press
1012:Marquis de la Fayette
953:
945:Jacques de Flesselles
921:
902:
827:The official list of
769:Salis-Samade Regiment
709:
701:
690:
678:
624:before the Revolution
619:
511:
443:Prisons of the Abbaye
415:On 17 June 1789, the
365:FĂȘte de la FĂ©dĂ©ration
266:Casualties and losses
5680:Influential thinkers
5427:Jean-François Varlet
5327:Jean-Lambert Tallien
5322:Jean Bon Saint-André
5149:Pierre-Joseph Cambon
5071:Marquis de Condorcet
4920:Nicolas de Condorcet
4685:Dagobert von Wurmser
4518:Louis-Gabriel Suchet
4461:Pierre-Jacques Osten
4376:Jean-Baptiste Kléber
4311:Louis-Nicolas Davout
4301:Chapuis de Tourville
3843:Battle of Schliengen
3790:Battle of Theiningen
3711:Battle of Aldenhoven
3595:Battle of Wattignies
3564:Battle of Neerwinden
3378:Coup of 18 Fructidor
2891:Death of the Dauphin
2690:10 July 2010 at the
2669:Place de la Bastille
2201:(1989), pp. 519â528.
2132:on 27 September 2011
2056:Hibbert, Christopher
1791:Hibbert, Christopher
1209:Claude Cholat was a
1190:One Nation, One King
956:Place de la Bastille
941:prévÎt dÚs marchands
593:Place de la Concorde
485:, and the intendant
376:During the reign of
314:Prise de la Bastille
231:688â1,000 insurgents
110:48.85306°N 2.36917°E
5767:Mary Wollstonecraft
5545:Jean Sylvain Bailly
5332:Pierre Louis Prieur
5277:Jean-Henri Voulland
5252:Jacques-Louis David
5184:Jean Joseph Mounier
4885:Jean Sylvain Bailly
4523:Belgrand de Vaubois
4411:Jean-Antoine Marbot
4351:Emmanuel de Grouchy
4156:Treaty of Lunéville
3795:Battle of Neresheim
3740:Siege of Luxembourg
3719:Siege of Luxembourg
3674:Battle of Tourcoing
3605:Siege of Bellegarde
3432:Coup of 18 Brumaire
3344:Council of Ancients
3119:National Convention
3111:September Massacres
3087:Brunswick Manifesto
3079:France declares war
2846:Assembly of Vizille
2438:. Guild Publishing.
2153:, pp. 419â420.
2036:, pp. 216â217.
2002:Revue RĂ©trospective
1988:, pp. 292â299.
1870:, pp. 403â404.
1829:, pp. 400â401.
1367:, pp. 370â371.
1165:Pont de la Concorde
1115:and his son-in-law
1084:popular sovereignty
1057:Charles X of France
1020:Jean-Sylvain Bailly
717:HĂŽtel des Invalides
408:, representing the
388:and exacerbated by
261:30 artillery pieces
237:5+ artillery pieces
164:Civilian insurgents
106: /
5605:Loménie de Brienne
5580:Madame de Lamballe
5515:Napoléon Bonaparte
5312:Prieur de la Marne
5227:Camille Desmoulins
5081:Marie Jean HĂ©rault
4957:Jean-Sifrein Maury
4952:Arnaud de La Porte
4808:Alexander Korsakov
4594:Count of Clerfayt
4513:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
4426:Auguste de Marmont
4281:Napoléon Bonaparte
4172:Algeciras campaign
4164:Treaty of Florence
4042:Battle of Stockach
3875:Ireland expedition
3859:Battle of Calliano
3819:Battle of Rovereto
3811:Battle of WĂŒrzburg
3263:Law of 22 Prairial
3232:Anti-clerical laws
3207:The Death of Marat
3028:Flight to Varennes
2615:10.1007/BF00159818
2603:Theory and Society
2554:10.1093/jsh/sht108
2538:Milice bourgeoise,
1770:The New York Times
964:
937:
916:
712:
704:
696:
685:
626:
542:Camille Desmoulins
517:
479:duc de la Vauguyon
457:Necker's dismissal
195:Stanislas Maillard
130:Insurgent victory
5992:Conflicts in 1789
5930:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5804:Cockade of France
5775:
5774:
5737:Antoine Lavoisier
5727:Benjamin Franklin
5707:Anacharsis Cloots
5670:
5669:
5666:
5665:
5590:Louis de Breteuil
5432:Theophile Leclerc
4860:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4813:Alexander Suvorov
4554:
4553:
4488:JĂłzef Poniatowski
4406:Ătienne Macdonald
4210:
4209:
4111:Battle of Marengo
4074:Battle of Trebbia
4058:Battle of Cassano
4050:Battle of Magnano
4034:Battle of Ostrach
3936:Battle of Neuwied
3698:Battle of Fleurus
3682:Battle of Tournay
3559:War in the Vendée
3495:Royalist Revolts
3456:
3455:
3013:
2989:Abolition of the
2907:Tennis Court Oath
2899:National Assembly
2728:French Revolution
2660:Media related to
2633:978-0-4353-1694-5
2315:Criminocorpus.org
2107:978-1-84668-541-5
1752:978-0-8139-3833-2
1579:, pp. 96â97.
1418:, pp. 85â87.
1352:Project Gutenberg
1297:, pp. 60â71.
1260:978-0-8223-1894-1
1153:George Washington
1128:National Assembly
1024:Tennis Court Oath
943:(roughly, mayor)
912:Marquis de Launay
861:gardes françaises
630:Gardes Françaises
622:Bastille of Paris
597:Baron de Besenval
546:Saint Bartholomew
483:Louis de Breteuil
421:National Assembly
347:French Revolution
302:
301:
277:15 died of wounds
146:
145:
115:48.85306; 2.36917
61:14 July 1789
48:Jean-Pierre Houël
31:French Revolution
6019:
5959:
5958:
5957:
5947:
5946:
5945:
5938:
5884:
5872:Temple of Reason
5843:
5819:
5800:
5781:
5732:Thomas Jefferson
5676:
5595:de Chateaubriand
5525:Joseph Bonaparte
5520:Lucien Bonaparte
5510:Marie Antoinette
5465:
5452:Sylvain Maréchal
5407:François Hanriot
5242:Louis Philippe I
5169:Louis Philippe I
5164:Philippe ĂgalitĂ©
5106:Olympe de Gouges
5076:Charlotte Corday
5066:Ătienne ClaviĂšre
4866:
4848:Antonio Ricardos
4833:
4832:
4818:Andrei Rosenberg
4798:
4797:
4768:
4767:
4743:
4742:
4713:Ralph Abercromby
4700:
4699:
4675:
4652:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4610:
4597:
4574:
4573:
4565:
4469:
4416:Marcellin Marbot
4239:
4232:
4231:
4220:Military leaders
4216:
4203:
4195:
4191:Treaty of Amiens
4176:
4168:
4160:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4115:
4094:
4093:(25â26 Sep 1799)
4086:
4078:
4077:(17â20 Jun 1799)
4070:
4062:
4061:(27â28 Apr 1799)
4054:
4046:
4038:
4037:(20â21 Mar 1799)
4030:
4022:
4018:Second Coalition
4001:
3993:
3985:
3977:
3969:
3948:
3940:
3932:
3928:Treaty of Leoben
3924:
3916:
3915:(14â15 Jan 1797)
3912:Battle of Rivoli
3908:
3900:
3896:Italian campaign
3879:
3871:
3870:(15â17 Nov 1796)
3867:Battle of Arcole
3863:
3855:
3847:
3839:
3831:
3823:
3815:
3807:
3803:Battle of Amberg
3799:
3786:
3778:
3774:Battle of Lonato
3770:
3766:Italian campaign
3744:
3723:
3715:
3702:
3694:
3686:
3678:
3670:
3661:
3640:
3639:(26â27 Dec 1793)
3627:
3619:
3581:
3573:
3569:Battle of Famars
3537:
3462:
3444:
3436:
3428:
3409:
3390:
3382:
3363:
3355:
3335:
3327:
3319:
3300:
3292:
3284:
3275:
3267:
3259:
3236:
3228:
3220:
3212:
3202:
3194:
3186:
3166:
3158:
3150:
3131:
3123:
3115:
3107:
3099:
3091:
3083:
3064:
3056:
3048:
3040:
3032:
3031:(20â21 Jun 1791)
3011:
3003:
2995:
2986:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2943:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2903:
2895:
2887:
2879:
2871:
2850:
2842:
2838:Day of the Tiles
2821:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2698:
2681:
2659:
2645:
2618:
2597:
2577:
2569:
2567:"Bastille"
2557:
2532:
2503:
2479:
2457:
2448:
2439:
2418:
2417:
2406:
2400:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2307:
2301:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2192:
2186:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2128:. Archived from
2118:
2112:
2111:
2093:
2087:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2037:
2031:
2025:
2011:
2005:
1998:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1915:
1901:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1853:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1815:
1809:
1798:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1760:
1754:
1744:
1735:
1734:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1604:
1598:
1589:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1481:
1475:
1468:Grandes journees
1464:
1458:
1452:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1334:
1325:
1319:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1265:
1264:
1240:
1219:
1207:
1176:In popular media
1029:Commune de Paris
909:
906:
883:
882:
845:
844:
816:
790:
738:lettre de cachet
665:French tricolour
642:Chaussée d'Antin
628:The regiment of
583:. From atop the
581:Tuileries Palace
475:La GalissonniĂšre
445:to release some
390:regressive taxes
354:national holiday
339:political prison
320:
295:105â107 captured
234:61 French Guards
218:
209:
208:
207:
179:Royal government
178:
177:
176:
162:
161:
121:
120:
118:
117:
116:
111:
107:
104:
103:
102:
99:
71:
69:
64:
55:
54:
41:
21:
6029:
6028:
6022:
6021:
6020:
6018:
6017:
6016:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5955:
5953:
5943:
5941:
5933:
5931:
5922:
5797:La Marseillaise
5786:
5785:Cultural impact
5771:
5681:
5662:
5629:
5585:Madame du Barry
5575:Catherine Théot
5565:Thérésa Tallien
5456:
5447:Gracchus Babeuf
5392:François Chabot
5349:
5341:
5262:Georges Couthon
5257:Marquis de Sade
5222:Jean-Paul Marat
5198:
5154:Bertrand BarĂšre
5120:
5031:
5012:Boissy d'Anglas
5007:Madame de Staël
4972:Antoine Barnave
4940:
4933:
4924:
4871:
4852:
4827:
4822:
4792:
4787:
4762:
4757:
4737:
4732:
4694:
4689:
4673:
4650:
4637:
4629:
4621:
4608:
4595:
4584:JĂłzsef Alvinczi
4568:
4550:
4532:
4473:Nicolas Oudinot
4463:
4396:Claude Lecourbe
4391:Charles Leclerc
4286:Guillaume Brune
4256:Pierre Augereau
4226:
4221:
4206:
4201:
4199:Treaty of Paris
4193:
4179:
4174:
4166:
4158:
4142:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4097:
4092:
4084:
4076:
4068:
4060:
4052:
4044:
4036:
4028:
4020:
4004:
3999:
3991:
3983:
3975:
3967:
3951:
3946:
3938:
3930:
3922:
3914:
3906:
3898:
3882:
3877:
3869:
3861:
3853:
3845:
3837:
3829:
3821:
3813:
3805:
3797:
3784:
3776:
3768:
3752:
3742:
3726:
3721:
3713:
3700:
3692:
3684:
3676:
3668:
3659:
3643:
3638:
3625:
3617:
3615:Siege of Toulon
3579:
3571:
3554:First Coalition
3540:
3531:
3467:
3452:
3442:
3434:
3426:
3412:
3407:
3393:
3388:
3380:
3366:
3361:
3353:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3303:
3298:
3290:
3282:
3273:
3265:
3257:
3239:
3234:
3226:
3218:
3216:Law of Suspects
3210:
3200:
3192:
3184:
3164:
3162:Reign of Terror
3156:
3148:
3134:
3129:
3121:
3113:
3105:
3097:
3089:
3081:
3067:
3062:
3054:
3046:
3038:
3030:
3016:
3001:
2993:
2984:
2970:
2965:
2957:
2949:
2942:(4â11 Aug 1789)
2941:
2933:
2925:
2917:
2909:
2901:
2893:
2885:
2877:
2875:RĂ©veillon riots
2869:
2853:
2848:
2840:
2826:
2815:
2730:
2725:
2692:Wayback Machine
2679:
2676:Wayback Machine
2653:
2648:
2634:
2621:
2600:
2580:
2560:
2535:
2515:
2511:
2509:Further reading
2506:
2500:
2482:
2476:
2460:
2451:
2442:
2430:
2426:
2421:
2416:. 14 July 2017.
2414:mentalfloss.com
2408:
2407:
2403:
2386:William J. Bahr
2384:
2380:
2370:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2346:
2342:
2334:
2330:
2320:
2318:
2309:
2308:
2304:
2296:
2292:
2282:
2280:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2241:
2233:
2229:
2221:
2217:
2209:
2205:
2193:
2189:
2173:
2169:
2161:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2108:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2032:
2028:
2012:
2008:
1999:
1992:
1984:
1980:
1973:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1947:
1943:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1903:Rigby, Edward,
1902:
1898:
1890:
1886:
1878:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1854:
1845:
1837:
1833:
1825:
1818:
1810:
1801:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1687:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1663:
1659:
1651:
1647:
1639:
1628:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1607:
1599:
1592:
1587:
1583:
1575:
1571:
1555:
1551:
1529:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1509:
1502:
1494:
1490:
1482:
1478:
1465:
1461:
1453:
1446:
1438:
1434:
1426:
1422:
1414:
1410:
1402:
1398:
1390:
1383:
1375:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1348:François Mignet
1335:
1328:
1320:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1293:
1289:
1281:
1268:
1261:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1178:
1136:
1065:prince de Conti
1061:prince de Condé
1047:
1042:
999:
927:wearing iconic
907:
850:, crushing one
825:
824:
823:
822:
821:
817:
808:
807:
806:
791:
743:Marquis de Sade
720:safer storage.
673:
614:
459:
432:François Mignet
402:Estates General
382:economic crisis
374:
298:
283:
260:
240:
205:
203:
197:
193:
174:
172:
166:
156:
114:
112:
108:
105:
100:
97:
95:
93:
92:
91:
67:
65:
62:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6027:
6026:
6023:
6015:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5982:1780s in Paris
5979:
5969:
5968:
5964:
5963:
5951:
5928:
5927:
5924:
5923:
5921:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5876:
5875:
5874:
5867:Cult of Reason
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5835:
5830:
5825:
5820:
5811:
5809:Flag of France
5806:
5801:
5791:
5788:
5787:
5784:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5719:
5714:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5679:
5672:
5671:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5660:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5648:
5637:
5635:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5615:Jacques Necker
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5471:
5469:
5462:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5437:Claire Lacombe
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5362:Jacques HĂ©bert
5358:
5356:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5217:Georges Danton
5214:
5208:
5206:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5130:
5128:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5061:Henri Grégoire
5057:
5052:
5047:
5041:
5039:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
5002:Camille Jordan
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4943:
4941:
4929:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4881:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4869:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4850:
4845:
4839:
4837:
4824:
4823:
4821:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4804:
4802:
4789:
4788:
4786:
4785:
4780:
4774:
4772:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4755:
4749:
4747:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4706:
4704:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4646:
4641:
4633:
4625:
4617:
4612:
4604:
4599:
4591:
4586:
4580:
4578:
4562:
4556:
4555:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4542:
4540:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4247:
4245:
4236:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4204:
4196:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4177:
4169:
4161:
4152:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4132:
4124:
4116:
4107:
4105:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4095:
4087:
4082:Battle of Novi
4079:
4071:
4069:(4â7 Jun 1799)
4063:
4055:
4047:
4039:
4031:
4023:
4014:
4012:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3994:
3986:
3978:
3970:
3961:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3941:
3933:
3925:
3917:
3909:
3901:
3892:
3890:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3880:
3872:
3864:
3862:(6â7 Nov 1796)
3856:
3848:
3840:
3832:
3824:
3816:
3808:
3800:
3792:
3787:
3779:
3777:(3â4 Aug 1796)
3771:
3762:
3760:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3748:Peace of Basel
3745:
3736:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3725:
3724:
3716:
3708:
3703:
3695:
3687:
3679:
3671:
3662:
3653:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3633:
3628:
3620:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3590:Siege of Mainz
3587:
3582:
3574:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3550:
3548:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3526:
3521:
3519:Siege of Mainz
3516:
3511:
3510:
3509:
3506:
3501:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3437:
3429:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3383:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3356:
3351:13 Vendémiaire
3348:
3347:
3346:
3341:
3328:
3320:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3276:
3268:
3260:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3229:
3221:
3213:
3203:
3198:Levée en masse
3195:
3187:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3172:
3159:
3151:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3124:
3116:
3108:
3103:10th of August
3100:
3092:
3084:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3057:
3049:
3041:
3033:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3004:
2996:
2987:
2985:(FebâJul 1790)
2978:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2960:
2952:
2944:
2936:
2928:
2920:
2912:
2904:
2896:
2888:
2880:
2872:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2854:
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2827:
2824:
2817:
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2814:
2813:
2806:
2799:
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2771:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2682:
2652:
2651:External links
2649:
2647:
2646:
2632:
2619:
2609:(6): 841â881.
2598:
2578:
2564:, ed. (1911).
2562:Chisholm, Hugh
2558:
2548:(3): 696â720.
2533:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2498:
2480:
2474:
2458:
2449:
2440:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2401:
2398:978-1537323374
2378:
2361:"Bastille Key"
2352:
2350:, p. 414.
2340:
2338:, p. 412.
2328:
2317:. 14 July 1790
2302:
2290:
2263:
2251:
2239:
2237:, p. 129.
2227:
2215:
2203:
2195:François Furet
2187:
2174:Terry Crowdy,
2167:
2155:
2143:
2113:
2106:
2088:
2075:
2068:
2047:
2038:
2026:
2023:978-0140049459
2006:
1990:
1978:
1971:
1953:
1951:, p. 244.
1941:
1925:
1916:
1913:978-1313441636
1896:
1894:, p. 405.
1884:
1882:, p. 404.
1872:
1860:
1858:, p. 403.
1843:
1831:
1816:
1814:, p. 400.
1799:
1783:
1755:
1736:
1729:
1711:
1702:Connelly, Owen
1693:
1681:
1679:, p. 398.
1669:
1657:
1645:
1643:, p. 399.
1626:
1614:
1605:
1590:
1581:
1569:
1556:Terry Crowdy.
1549:
1545:French History
1515:
1500:
1488:
1486:, p. 385.
1476:
1472:French History
1459:
1457:, p. 258.
1444:
1432:
1420:
1408:
1406:, p. 375.
1396:
1394:, p. 242.
1381:
1379:, p. 371.
1369:
1357:
1326:
1311:
1299:
1287:
1285:, p. 402.
1266:
1259:
1253:. p. 43.
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1177:
1174:
1135:
1132:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1016:National Guard
998:
995:
880:HĂŽtel de Ville
842:Hotel de Ville
820:neighbourhood.
818:
811:
810:
809:
792:
785:
784:
783:
782:
781:
729:Grand ChĂątelet
672:
669:
634:Charles Eugene
613:
612:Armed conflict
610:
585:Champs-ĂlysĂ©es
513:Jacques Necker
505:, and Necker.
467:Jacques Necker
458:
455:
398:Jacques Necker
373:
370:
321:) occurred in
300:
299:
297:
296:
293:
290:
286:
284:
282:
281:
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275:
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268:
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263:
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259:
258:
255:Swiss soldiers
251:
244:
241:
239:
238:
235:
232:
228:
225:
224:
220:
219:
201:
199:Jacob Job Ălie
186:
185:
181:
180:
170:
153:
152:
148:
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142:
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138:
127:
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122:
79:
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72:
59:
51:
50:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5881:Sans-culottes
5877:
5873:
5870:
5869:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5852:Metric system
5850:
5848:
5845:
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5695:
5693:
5692:
5688:
5687:
5684:
5677:
5673:
5659:
5656:
5652:
5651:Panthéon Club
5649:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5632:
5626:
5623:
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5568:
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5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5540:Joachim Murat
5538:
5536:
5533:
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5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
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5513:
5511:
5508:
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5348:
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5338:
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5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5317:Gilbert Romme
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
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5288:
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5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5139:de CambacérÚs
5137:
5135:
5132:
5131:
5129:
5127:
5123:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5056:
5055:Madame Roland
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5034:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4992:André Chénier
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4947:Grace Elliott
4945:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4938:
4932:
4927:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
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4898:
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4703:
4698:
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4681:
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4670:
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4645:
4642:
4640:
4634:
4632:
4626:
4624:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4572:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4557:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4535:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4508:Joseph Souham
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4467:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4451:Joachim Murat
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4431:André Masséna
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4230:
4224:
4217:
4213:
4202:(25 Jun 1802)
4200:
4197:
4194:(25 Mar 1802)
4192:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4173:
4170:
4167:(18 Mar 1801)
4165:
4162:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4136:
4133:
4128:
4125:
4122:(15 Jun 1800)
4120:
4117:
4114:(14 Jun 1800)
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4091:
4088:
4085:(15 Aug 1799)
4083:
4080:
4075:
4072:
4067:
4064:
4059:
4056:
4051:
4048:
4045:(25 Mar 1799)
4043:
4040:
4035:
4032:
4027:
4026:Siege of Acre
4024:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4007:
3998:
3997:Peasants' War
3995:
3990:
3987:
3982:
3979:
3974:
3971:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3947:(17 Oct 1797)
3945:
3942:
3939:(18 Apr 1797)
3937:
3934:
3931:(17 Apr 1797)
3929:
3926:
3923:(25 Jan 1797)
3921:
3918:
3913:
3910:
3907:(13 Jan 1797)
3905:
3902:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3885:
3876:
3873:
3868:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3852:
3849:
3846:(26 Oct 1796)
3844:
3841:
3838:(19 Oct 1796)
3836:
3833:
3828:
3825:
3820:
3817:
3812:
3809:
3806:(24 Aug 1796)
3804:
3801:
3798:(11 Aug 1796)
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3783:
3780:
3775:
3772:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3749:
3746:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3729:
3720:
3717:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3701:(26 Jun 1794)
3699:
3696:
3691:
3688:
3685:(22 May 1794)
3683:
3680:
3677:(18 May 1794)
3675:
3672:
3666:
3663:
3660:(24 Apr 1794)
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3626:(13 Oct 1793)
3624:
3621:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3578:
3575:
3572:(23 May 1793)
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3535:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3470:
3463:
3459:
3449:
3446:
3443:(24 Dec 1799)
3441:
3438:
3433:
3430:
3427:(18 Jun 1799)
3425:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3408:(11 May 1798)
3406:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3387:
3384:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3360:
3357:
3352:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3332:
3329:
3326:(22 Aug 1795)
3324:
3321:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3299:(11 Nov 1794)
3297:
3294:
3289:
3286:
3283:(28 Jul 1794)
3280:
3277:
3274:(27 Jul 1794)
3272:
3269:
3266:(10 Jun 1794)
3264:
3261:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3233:
3230:
3227:(16 Oct 1793)
3225:
3222:
3219:(17 Sep 1793)
3217:
3214:
3209:
3208:
3204:
3201:(23 Aug 1793)
3199:
3196:
3193:(13 Jul 1793)
3191:
3188:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3155:
3152:
3149:(21 Jan 1793)
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3130:(22 Sep 1792)
3128:
3125:
3120:
3117:
3112:
3109:
3106:(10 Aug 1792)
3104:
3101:
3096:
3093:
3090:(25 Jul 1792)
3088:
3085:
3082:(20 Apr 1792)
3080:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3061:
3058:
3053:
3050:
3047:(27 Aug 1791)
3045:
3042:
3039:(17 Jul 1791)
3037:
3034:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3012:(14 Jul 1790)
3010:
3009:
3005:
3002:(12 Jul 1790)
3000:
2997:
2994:(23 Jun 1790)
2992:
2988:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2964:
2961:
2956:
2953:
2950:(26 Aug 1789)
2948:
2945:
2940:
2937:
2932:
2929:
2926:(14 Jul 1789)
2924:
2921:
2916:
2913:
2910:(20 Jun 1789)
2908:
2905:
2900:
2897:
2894:(4 June 1789)
2892:
2889:
2884:
2881:
2878:(28 Apr 1789)
2876:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2849:(21 Jul 1788)
2847:
2844:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2754:Ancien RĂ©gime
2751:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2729:
2722:
2717:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2699:
2693:
2689:
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2643:
2639:
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2608:
2604:
2599:
2595:
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2583:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2568:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2501:
2499:0-670-81012-6
2495:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2484:Schama, Simon
2481:
2477:
2475:0-330-48827-9
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2450:
2446:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2432:Cobb, Richard
2429:
2428:
2423:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2382:
2379:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2329:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2300:, p. 55.
2299:
2298:Sydenham 1965
2294:
2291:
2278:
2274:
2267:
2264:
2261:, p. 77.
2260:
2255:
2252:
2249:, p. 54.
2248:
2247:Sydenham 1965
2243:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2228:
2225:, p. 93.
2224:
2219:
2216:
2213:, p. 50.
2212:
2211:Sydenham 1965
2207:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2184:1-84176-660-7
2181:
2177:
2171:
2168:
2165:, p. 92.
2164:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2147:
2144:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2099:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2079:
2076:
2071:
2069:0-688-03704-6
2065:
2061:
2057:
2051:
2048:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2034:Godechot 1970
2030:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1986:Godechot 1970
1982:
1979:
1974:
1972:1-84176-660-7
1968:
1964:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1949:Godechot 1970
1945:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1841:, p. 89.
1840:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1784:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1730:1-84176-660-7
1726:
1722:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1691:, p. 87.
1690:
1689:Godechot 1970
1685:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1670:
1667:, p. 92.
1666:
1665:Godechot 1970
1661:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1624:, p. 68.
1623:
1618:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1603:, p. 75.
1602:
1597:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1566:1-84176-660-7
1563:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1534:
1526:
1519:
1516:
1513:, p. 88.
1512:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1498:, p. 73.
1497:
1492:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1455:Godechot 1970
1451:
1449:
1445:
1442:, p. 76.
1441:
1436:
1433:
1430:, p. 85.
1429:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1392:Godechot 1970
1388:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:public domain
1333:
1331:
1327:
1324:, p. 46.
1323:
1322:Sydenham 1965
1318:
1316:
1312:
1309:, p. 20.
1308:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1239:
1236:
1230:
1225:
1217:
1212:
1211:wine merchant
1206:
1203:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1142:
1133:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1005:
996:
994:
992:
988:
987:
986:sans-culottes
982:
977:
973:
969:
961:
957:
952:
948:
946:
942:
934:
930:
929:Phrygian caps
926:
925:
924:Sans-culottes
920:
913:
901:
897:
894:
891:Three of the
889:
886:
881:
873:
871:
865:
863:
862:
856:
853:
849:
843:
837:
832:
830:
815:
804:
800:
796:
789:
780:
778:
774:
773:Champ de Mars
770:
767:
763:
759:
754:
752:
746:
744:
740:
739:
734:
730:
726:
721:
718:
708:
700:
693:
689:
682:
677:
670:
668:
666:
660:
658:
654:
650:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
623:
618:
611:
609:
606:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:Place VendĂŽme
574:
570:
565:
562:
558:
553:
551:
550:Champ de Mars
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
530:Champ de Mars
527:
523:
520:garrisons to
514:
510:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
463:privy council
454:
452:
451:French Guards
448:
444:
439:
437:
433:
428:
426:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
406:Second Estate
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
371:
369:
367:
366:
361:
360:
355:
350:
348:
344:
341:known as the
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
315:
311:
307:
294:
291:
288:
287:
285:
279:
276:
273:
272:
270:
269:
264:
256:
252:
250:
246:
245:
242:
236:
233:
230:
229:
227:
226:
221:
217:
212:
202:
200:
196:
191:
188:
187:
182:
171:
169:
165:
160:
155:
154:
149:
139:
136:
133:
132:
131:
128:
125:
124:
119:
90:
86:
85:Ăle-de-France
82:
78:
75:
74:
60:
57:
56:
52:
49:
45:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
19:
5888:Phrygian cap
5833:Bastille Day
5747:Thomas Paine
5702:Edmund Burke
5697:Beaumarchais
5691:Les LumiĂšres
5689:
5530:Joseph Fesch
5442:Pauline LĂ©on
5412:Jacques Roux
5351:
4935:
4361:Lazare Hoche
4346:Paul Grenier
4316:Louis Desaix
4175:(8 Jul 1801)
4159:(9 Feb 1801)
4130:(3 Dec 1800)
4053:(5 Apr 1799)
3854:(6 Nov 1796)
3830:(8 Sep 1796)
3822:(4 Sep 1796)
3814:(3 Sep 1796)
3785:(5 Aug 1796)
3714:(2 Oct 1794)
3693:(1 Jun 1794)
3435:(9 Nov 1799)
3381:(4 Sep 1797)
3318:(1 Apr 1795)
3288:White Terror
3281:guillotined
3258:(5 Apr 1794)
3205:
3185:(2 Jun 1793)
3055:(3 Sep 1791)
3006:
2966:(2 Nov 1789)
2958:(5 Oct 1789)
2922:
2886:(5 May 1789)
2864:
2841:(7 Jun 1788)
2808:
2801:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2759:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2680:(in English)
2654:
2623:
2606:
2602:
2585:
2571:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2520:
2487:
2465:
2462:Price, Munro
2453:
2444:
2435:
2413:
2404:
2389:
2381:
2369:. Retrieved
2364:
2355:
2343:
2331:
2319:. Retrieved
2314:
2305:
2293:
2281:. Retrieved
2276:
2266:
2254:
2242:
2230:
2218:
2206:
2198:
2190:
2175:
2170:
2158:
2146:
2134:. Retrieved
2130:the original
2116:
2097:
2091:
2083:
2078:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2029:
2014:
2009:
2001:
1981:
1962:
1956:
1944:
1936:
1933:J. B. Morton
1928:
1919:
1904:
1899:
1887:
1875:
1863:
1834:
1794:
1786:
1774:. Retrieved
1768:
1758:
1720:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1684:
1672:
1660:
1652:
1648:
1617:
1608:
1584:
1572:
1557:
1552:
1544:
1524:
1518:
1491:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1435:
1423:
1411:
1399:
1372:
1360:
1345:
1336:
1302:
1290:
1246:The Bastille
1245:
1238:
1205:
1188:
1187:
1180:
1179:
1168:moat in the
1161:
1157:Mount Vernon
1146:
1137:
1123:
1121:
1107:
1093:
1081:
1050:
1048:
1027:
1008:
1000:
991:sans-culotte
990:
984:
971:
965:
940:
938:
932:
922:
892:
890:
887:
874:
869:
866:
859:
857:
851:
833:
828:
826:
757:
755:
747:
736:
722:
713:
661:
646:
627:
601:
566:
554:
518:
503:Saint-Priest
481:, the Baron
460:
440:
436:Palais-Royal
429:
417:Third Estate
414:
375:
363:
357:
351:
305:
303:
243:114 soldiers
190:Pierre Hulin
151:Belligerents
129:
43:
29:Part of the
18:
5757:Abbé SieyÚs
5742:Montesquieu
5658:Social Club
5600:Jean Chouan
5490:Louis XVIII
5267:Roger Ducos
5237:Paul Barras
5204:Montagnards
5134:Abbé SieyÚs
4937:monarchiens
4745:Netherlands
4674:(Hungarian)
4622:(Hungarian)
4538:French Navy
4464: [
4386:Jean Lannes
4243:French Army
4021:(1798â1802)
3992:(1798â1800)
3976:(1798â1801)
3706:Chouannerie
3667:(Pyrenees)
3532: [
3499:Chouannerie
3291:(Fall 1794)
3279:Robespierre
2424:Works cited
2348:Schama 1989
2336:Schama 1989
2151:Schama 1989
1935:, appendix
1892:Schama 1989
1880:Schama 1989
1868:Schama 1989
1856:Schama 1989
1827:Schama 1989
1812:Schama 1989
1677:Schama 1989
1641:Schama 1989
1484:Schama 1989
1474:(Fall 2009)
1404:Schama 1989
1377:Schama 1989
1365:Schama 1989
1295:Schama 1989
1283:Schama 1989
1170:Paris Metro
1126:) from the
960:July Column
908: 1789
903:Engraving,
534:Saint-Denis
427:on 9 July.
113: /
5971:Categories
5646:Cordeliers
5560:Talleyrand
5485:Louis XVII
5347:HĂ©bertists
5101:Jean Debry
4931:Feuillants
4560:Opposition
4456:Michel Ney
3878:(Dec 1796)
3486:Thionville
3389:(Dec 1797)
3362:(May 1796)
3354:5 Oct 1795
3331:Directoire
3211:(painting)
3114:(Sep 1792)
3098:(Jun 1792)
2931:Great Fear
2870:(Jan 1789)
2761:Revolution
2492:. Viking.
2223:Price 2003
2163:Price 2003
2136:22 January
1839:Price 2003
1577:Price 2003
1511:Price 2003
1470:of 1789",
1440:Price 2003
1428:Price 2003
1416:Price 2003
1307:Price 2003
1226:References
1089:Great Fear
1018:at Paris;
976:Versailles
870:vainqueurs
848:drawbridge
793:Arrest of
762:grenadiers
561:Royal Army
522:Versailles
499:La Luzerne
447:grenadiers
372:Background
280:73 wounded
98:48°51âČ11âłN
68:1789-07-14
5480:Louis XVI
5475:Charles X
5126:The Plain
5037:Girondins
4977:Lafayette
4638:(Walloon)
4620:PĂĄl Kray
4596:(Walloon)
4138:(1800â02)
3989:Quasi-War
3448:Consulate
3334:(1795â99)
2789:Consulate
2782:Directory
2642:10245877M
2529:13506000M
1533:cite book
1231:Citations
1149:Lafayette
1147:In 1790,
1045:Political
1040:Aftermath
893:invalides
852:vainqueur
801:, 1790, (
758:invalides
557:mercenary
378:Louis XVI
274:93 killed
249:Invalides
101:2°22âČ09âłE
5840:Panthéon
5828:Muscadin
5823:Marianne
5762:Voltaire
5641:Jacobins
5634:Factions
5174:Mirabeau
4630:(French)
3524:Jemappes
3508:Dauphiné
2991:Nobility
2803:Journals
2796:Glossary
2775:Republic
2747:Timeline
2688:Archived
2672:Archived
2594:7156213M
2584:(1886).
2519:(1887).
2486:(1989).
2464:(2003).
2392:, p. 8.
2371:10 April
2178:, p. 9.
2058:(1980).
1704:(2006).
1560:, p. 6.
1069:Polignac
1004:Noailles
958:and the
935:cockades
933:tricolor
733:Louis XV
657:Besenval
638:dragoons
579:and the
491:Puységur
410:nobility
343:Bastille
335:fortress
289:1 killed
223:Strength
137:captured
135:Bastille
76:Location
5961:History
5935:Portals
5722:Diderot
5468:Figures
5353:Enragés
5059:Father
4770:Prussia
4702:Britain
4651:(Saxon)
4609:(Swiss)
4576:Austria
2321:14 July
2283:14 July
1776:14 July
1216:gouache
1052:émigrés
1034:cockade
764:of the
751:tyranny
725:forgers
605:plunder
449:of the
394:Calonne
356:called
331:armoury
66: (
5949:France
5461:Others
4800:Russia
4234:France
3899:(1797)
3769:(1796)
3504:Vendée
3481:Verdun
3308:1795â6
3251:Danton
2810:Museum
2740:Causes
2640:
2630:
2592:
2527:
2496:
2472:
2396:
2182:
2104:
2066:
2021:
1969:
1911:
1750:
1727:
1564:
1547:(2009)
1257:
1067:, the
1063:, the
983:, the
836:cannon
795:Launay
528:, the
526:SĂšvres
477:, the
327:France
310:French
213:
126:Result
89:France
5918:Films
4835:Spain
4468:]
3536:]
3529:Namur
3514:Lille
3491:Valmy
1346:, by
1197:Notes
1077:Turin
981:Paris
797:, by
766:Swiss
323:Paris
81:Paris
5350:and
4934:and
4184:1802
4148:1801
4103:1800
4010:1799
3957:1798
3888:1797
3758:1796
3732:1795
3649:1794
3546:1793
3473:1792
3417:1799
3398:1798
3371:1797
3253:and
3244:1794
3139:1793
3072:1792
3021:1791
2975:1790
2858:1789
2831:1788
2628:ISBN
2494:ISBN
2470:ISBN
2394:ISBN
2373:2019
2323:2018
2285:2018
2180:ISBN
2138:2009
2102:ISBN
2064:ISBN
2019:ISBN
1967:ISBN
1909:ISBN
1778:2018
1748:ISBN
1725:ISBN
1562:ISBN
1539:link
1255:ISBN
954:The
931:and
620:The
532:and
337:and
304:The
58:Date
4710:Sir
2611:doi
2550:doi
253:32
247:82
5973::
4466:fr
3534:fr
2638:OL
2636:.
2607:25
2605:.
2590:OL
2570:.
2546:47
2544:.
2525:OL
2468:.
2412:.
2388:.
2363:.
2313:.
2275:.
2124:.
2017:,
1993:^
1846:^
1819:^
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1793:.
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1535:}}
1531:{{
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2110:.
2072:.
1975:.
1780:.
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308:(
192:*
70:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
