61:, which continue throughout the composer's later quartets, become clear for the first time. While in Paris, Villa-Lobos was immersed in the Parisian and broader European musical traditions of the day. However, while there are Haydnesque and also Beethovenian influences that appear in this quartet, it is an oversimplification to conclude that his time living in Paris and closer connection with the music of these composers brought changes to his compositional style. Villa-Lobos himself remained adamant that his works were entirely his own; he believed firmly in the superiority of his work and took pride in his independence from the European tradition. Indeed, the Sixth Quartet is regarded as the most
178:, New York City, 7 May 1947. Standard groove, 3 discs: 12 in., 78 rpm, monaural. International Records 301. International Master Series. New York: International Records, . Reissued on LP, 1 disc: 12 33â…“ rpm, monaural. Concert Hall CHC-19. New York, N.Y.: Concert Hall, 1949. Reissued on CD with quartets by Paul Hindemith and Quincy Porter. Parnassus PACD 96026. Woodstock, NY: Parnassus Records, 2000.
34:, and was written in 1938, in between his early and late periods. Villa-Lobos considered naming it "Quartet Popular No. 2" as opposed to "Brazilian," and while the work is indeed one of his more nationalist pieces, it also bears direct connections to the Viennese tradition of string quartet composition. A performance lasts approximately 24 minutes.
257:, Op. 34; Villa-Lobos: String Quartet No. 6; Paul Creston: String Quartet, Op. 8. Ann Mason Stockton, harp (Ravel and Debussy); Arthur Gleghorn, flute (Ravel); Mitchell Lurie, clarinet (Ravel); Concert Arts Strings, Felix Slatkin, conductor (Debussy); Hollywood String Quartet. CD recording, 1 disc: 12 cm, monaural. : Testament, 1994.
770:
bass part. New York: Mills, 1957. Heitor Villa-Lobos: String
Quartets, Nos. 4, 7, and 12. New York: Associated Music Publishers, 1956; Ernest Gold: String Quartet No. 1. (Society for the Publication of American Music, 37th Season, 1956.) New York: Society for the Publication of American Music; distr.: Carl Fischer, 1957".
264:(Judit Tóth and Adél Miklós, violins; Cecilia Bodolai, viola; Ilona Wibli, cello). Recorded at the Hungaroton Studios in Budapest, 18–19, 22–25 April, and 20–23 May 1991. CD recording, 1 disc: digital, 12 cm, stereo. Marco Polo 8.223391. A co-production with Records International. Germany: HH International, Ltd., 1992.
69:- is marked by a deliberate move toward a more "popular" style, incorporating elements of Brazilian popular music. Villa-Lobos originally planned to designate this work as the second "popular quartet" (the Fifth Quartet is subtitled "Quarteto popular no. 1"), but in the end abandoned the idea of such a series.
124:
The third movement is also in ternary form, but with a variation. The A section falls into two parts, which are reversed in order when A is recapitulated after the central B section. The tonal language and textural features (such as rhythmic combination, doubling, portamento, and open fifths) of the
769:
Kraehenbuehl, David. 1957. "George
Rochberg: String Quartet, 1952. (Society for the Publication of American Music, 37th Season, 1956.) New York: Society for the Publication of American Music; distr.: Carl Fischer, 1957; Toch, Ernst. Dedication. For string quartet or string orchestra, with optional
150:
The finale is similar in structure to the first movement, consisting of three successive, contrasting sections and a recapitulation of the first, concluding with a short coda. Unlike the first movement, however (and unlike all of the composer's earlier quartets), there is a certain thematic kinship
271:(Saúl Bitrán, Arón Bitrán, violins; Javier Montiel, viola; Alvaro Bitrán, cello). Recorded at the Troy Savings Bank Music Hall in Troy, NY, April 1994. Music of Latin American Masters. CD recording, 1 disc: digital, 12 cm, stereo. Dorian DOR-90205. Troy, NY: Dorian Recordings, 1995.
110:. In keeping with the references to Brazilian popular music, Villa-Lobos begins with a shorter motive that he then expands in length and by increasing the variety in the rhythmic syncopations, which alludes to the Brazilian popular music after which Villa-Lobos titles the quartet.
121:. The A section is homophonic, while the central B section features imitative textures and a xangĂ´-like theme in common time held by the cello, set against a syncopated accompaniment of continuous pizzicato quarter-note triplets in the upper three voices.
290:, Michel Bessler, violins; Marie-Christine Springuel, viola; Alceu Reis, cello). Recorded at Studios Master in Rio de Janeiro, June–August 1987. CD recording, 1 disc: digital, 12 cm, stereo. Le Chant du Monde LDC 278 901. France: , 1988.
297:. Quarteto Bessler-Reis and Quarteto AmazĂ´nia. CD recording, 6 sound discs: digital, 12 cm, stereo. Kuarup Discos KCX-1001 (KCD 045, M-KCD-034, KCD 080/1, KCD-051, KCD 042). Rio de Janeiro: Kuarup Discos, 1996.
228:
Villa-Lobos quartet (only) reissued as part of Heitor Villa-Lobos: String
Quartets nos. 1, 6, and 17. Quarteto Brasileiro da UFRJ. CD recording, 1 sound disc: digital, 12 cm, stereo. : Albany Records,
42:
Villa-Lobos composed his Sixth
Quartet in 1938 in Rio de Janeiro, and it was first performed in the same city by the Quarteto Haydn on 30 November 1943, on the same programme as the premiere of the
192:, cello). Recorded between 1951 and 1953. LP recording, 1 disc: analog, 33â…“ rpm, monaural, 12 in. Record Society 6010. Melbourne: Record Society, . Villa-Lobos also issued as part of:
678:
219:; Heitor Villa-Lobos - Quarteto nÂş 6. Quarteto Brasileiro da UFRJ (Santino Parpinelli and Henrique Morelenbaum, violins; Jacques Nirenberg, viola; Eugen Ranevsky, cello). LP recording.
46:. The published score bears no dedication, but the manuscript is dedicated to the violist Orlando Frederico, who many years earlier had participated in the premieres of both the
199:: String Quartet No. 2, Op. 10. Hollywood String Quartet. LP recording, 1 disc: analog, 33â…“ rpm, monaural, 12 in. Capitol P 8472. Hollywood: Capitol Records, 1959.
278:. 6 CDs + 1 DVD with a performance of Quartet No. 1 and interview with the Cuarteto Latinoamericano. Dorian Sono Luminus. DSL-90904. Winchester, VA: Sono Luminus, 2009.
672:
Farmer, Virginia. 1973. "An
Analytical Study of the Seventeen String Quartets of Heitor Villa-Lobos". DMA diss. Urbana: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
818:
57:
The composition of this quartet came relatively soon after time spent living in Paris (1923-1930). It is with this quartet that the references to the quartets of
170:
Heitor Villa-Lobos: Quartet no. 6 in E (Quartetto brasileiro no. 2). Stuyvesant String
Quartet (Sylvan Shulman, Bernard Robbins, violins; Ralph Hersh, viola;
20:
714:
706:
698:
693:, vol. 1: Debussy to Villa-Lobos, edited by Evan Jones, 223–55. Eastman Studies in Music 70. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
156:
781:, edited by Marisa Rezende and Mário Nogueira, 71–76. Rio de Janeiro: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) (Escola de Música).
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102:. Four contrasting sections (with transitions between the first and second, and between the third and fourth) are followed by a
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312:. Quarteto Radamés Gnattali (Carla Rincón, Francisco Roa, violins; Fernando Thebaldi, viola; Hugo Pilger, cello); presented by
175:
151:
amongst the sections, with a recurrence of a falling-third figure and the use of pseudo-Indian motifs influenced by
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268:
777:
Macedo
Ribeiro, Roberto. 2000. "A escrita contrapontĂstica nos quartetos de cordas de Heitor Villa-Lobos". In
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related to the cantilena (xangĂ´) motive from the second movement. This passage is the first occurrence of the
152:
321:
103:
127:
212:
350:"Haydn, segundo Villa-Lobos: uma análise do 1º movimento do Quarteto de cordas nº 7 de Villa-Lobos"
204:
107:
77:
This composition, like all of Villa-Lobos's quartets except the first, consists of four movements:
62:
19:
196:
184:: String Quartet in A Minor; Heitor Villa-Lobos: String Quartet No. 6. Hollywood String Quartet (
31:
805:. 2009. Version 1.0. MinC / IBRAM, and the Museu Villa-Lobos. Based on the third edition, 1989.
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328:, Rio de Janeiro. DVD and Blu-ray (VIBD11111), 3 discs. Rio de Janeiro: Visom Digital, 2012.
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261:
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681:. IV Encontro de Musicologia de Ribeirão Preto: Intersecções da Teoria e Análise. 81–95.
659:
BĂ©hague, Gerard. 2003. Villa-Lobos, Heitor: String
Quartets, Cuarteto Latinoamericano.
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Gilman, Bruce. 1999. "Enigma de vanguardia", translated by Juan Arturo
Brennan.
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30:("Brazilian") is one of seventeen works in the genre by the Brazilian composer
654:. Austin: Institute of Latin American Studies, University of Texas at Austin.
606:
542:
507:
371:
468:
421:
144:
147:, chromatic, legato style found often in Villa-Lobos's subsequent quartets
448:
401:
722:
Villa-Lobos, Heitor. 1972. "Quartetos de cordas (do nĂşmero 1 ao 8)". In
787:. 1947. "Records: Brazil: Quartet by Villa-Lobos Uses Native Rhythms".
527:. Institute of Latin American Studies, University of Texas at Austin.
596:
522:
136:
797:. 1972. Second edition. Rio de Janeiro: MEC, DAC, Museu Villa-Lobos.
734:. 1972. Second edition. Rio de Janeiro: MEC, DAC, Museu Villa-Lobos.
726:, second edition, 229–30. Rio de Janeiro: MEC/DAC/Museu Villa-Lobos.
483:
499:
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in the character of the
Brazilian improvised serenade known as the
118:
18:
286:
Villa-Lobos: Quatuors a Cordes Nos. 4/5/6. Quatuor Bessler-Reis (
65:
of all Villa-Lobos's string quartets. This work - along with the
267:
Villa-Lobos: String Quartets, Volume 1. Quartets Nos. 6, 1, 17.
488:
Latin American Music Review / Revista de MĂşsica Latinoamericana
295:
Villa-Lobos: Os 17 quartetos de cordas / The 17 String Quartets
524:
Heitor Villa-Lobos : the search for Brazil's musical soul
482:
Behague, Gerard; Nobre, Marlos; Villa-Lobos, Heitor (1996).
281:
Also reissued (without the DVD) on Brilliant Classics 6634.
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576:
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Heitor Villa-Lobos: The Search for Brazil's Musical Soul
225:
Reissued on CD, Albany TROY 420. : Albany Records, 2001.
106:
of the first section, and an extended coda. There is no
745:
A., W. 1957. "String Group Performs on Guild Series".
260:
Heitor Villa-Lobos: String Quartets Nos. 4, 6 and 14.
691:
Intimate Voices: The Twentieth-Century String Quartet
484:"Reminiscencias Op., 83. and Homenagem a Villa-Lobos"
384:
316:. Recorded from June 2010 to September 2011 at the
403:The world of Villa-Lobos in pictures and documents
795:Villa-Lobos, sua obra: Programa de Ação Cultural
779:Anais do I Colóquio de Pesquisa de Pós-Graduação
732:Villa-Lobos, sua obra: Programa de Ação Cultural
276:Heitor Villa-Lobos: The Complete String Quartets
310:Villa-Lobos: A integral dos quartetos de cordas
8:
764:Pauta: Cuadernos de teorĂa y crĂtica musical
689:. 2009. "Villa-Lobos's String Quartets". In
131:, especially parts of the first movement of
679:Villa-Lobos: Desafiando a teoria e análise
195:Heitor Villa-Lobos: String Quartet No. 6;
188:, Paul Shure, violins; Paul Robyn, viola;
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113:The second movement is in a three-part,
757:Music in Latin America: An Introduction
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819:String quartets by Heitor Villa-Lobos
348:Salles, Paulo de Tarso (June 2012b).
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135:No. 5. The middle section features a
125:outer sections resemble those of the
7:
406:. Aldershot, England: Scolar Press.
166:Chronological by date of recording.
453:. Audrey Sampson. London: Omnibus.
766:17, no. 69 (January–March): 29–34.
667:24, no. 2 (Autumn–Winter): 293–94.
14:
665:Revista de MĂşsica Latinoamericana
215:: Quartet No. 2; Alceo Bocchino:
98:, the first movement presents a
222:Reissued on CD, CID 02027. 1999.
363:10.1590/s1517-75992012000100003
16:1938 work by Heitor Villa-Lobos
677:Salles, Paulo de Tarso. 2012.
1:
598:Villa-Lobos's string quartets
247:Danse sacrée et danse profane
759:. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
241:: Introduction and Allegro;
661:Latin American Music Review
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774:15, no. 1 (December): 147.
447:Peppercorn, L. M. (1989).
400:Peppercorn, L. M. (1996).
174:, cello). Recorded at the
521:BĂ©hague, Gerard (1994).
269:Cuarteto Latinoamericano
235:Hollywood String Quartet
650:BĂ©hague, Gerard. 1994.
322:Palácio das Laranjeiras
293:Also issued as part of
829:Music with dedications
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802:Villa-Lobos, sua obra
724:Villa-Lobos, sua obra
386:Villa-Lobos, sua obra
255:La oraciĂłn del torero
128:Bachianas Brasileiras
94:Instead of the usual
87:Andante, quasi adagio
22:
274:Reissued as part of
28:String Quartet No. 6
791:(14 September): X7.
749:(21 November): C10.
108:development section
100:sectional structure
96:sonata-allegro form
213:CĂ©sar Guerra-Peixe
157:"American" Quartet
32:Heitor Villa-Lobos
25:
23:Heitor Villa-Lobos
824:1938 compositions
747:Los Angeles Times
715:978-1-58046-340-9
707:978-1-58046-229-7
699:978-1-58046-322-5
585:, pp. 67–68.
570:, pp. 58–59.
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435:Salles 2012
304:Filmography
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333:References
324:, and the
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508:0163-0350
494:(1): 85.
372:1517-7599
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