Stuart Hall (cultural theorist)

1083:. The first way of encoding is the dominant (i.e. hegemonic) code. This is the code the encoder expects the decoder to recognize and decode. "When the viewer takes the connoted meaning ... full and straight ... and decodes the message in terms of the reference-code in which it has been coded, ... inside the dominant code." The second way of encoding is the professional code. It operates in tandem with the dominant code. "It serves to reproduce the dominant definitions precisely by bracketing the hegemonic quality, and operating with professional codings which relate to such questions as visual quality, news and presentational values, televisual quality, 'professionalism' etc." The third way of encoding is the negotiated code. "It acknowledges the legitimacy of the hegemonic definitions to make the grand significations, while, at a more restricted, situational level, it makes its own ground-rules, it operates with 'exceptions' to the rule." The fourth way of encoding is the oppositional code, also known as the globally contrary code. "It is possible for a viewer perfectly to understand both the literal and connotative inflection given to an event, but to determine to decode the message in a globally contrary way." "Before this message can have an 'effect' (however defined), or satisfy a 'need' or be put to a 'use', it must first be perceived as a meaningful discourse and meaningfully de-coded." 1165:

way to movements such as negritude and the pan-African political project. Hall also acknowledges the deep-rooted "difference" within the diaspora as well. This difference was created by destructive nature of the transatlantic slave trade and the resulting generations of slavery. He describes this difference as what constitutes "what we really are", or the true nature of the diaspora. The duality of such an identity, that expresses deep unity but clear uniqueness and internal distinctness provokes a question out of Hall: "How, then, to describe this play of 'difference' within identity?" Hall's answer is "

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Britain during the postwar era requires a careful and critical examination of the limited historical archive, and photographic evidence proves itself invaluable. However, photographic images are often perceived as more objective than other representations, which is dangerous. In his view, one must critically examine who produced these images, what purpose they serve, and how they further their agenda (e.g., what has been deliberately included and excluded in the frame). For example, in the context of postwar Britain, photographic images such as those displayed in the

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European presence is not unspoken even though many would like to be separated from the history of the oppressor. But Hall argues that Caribbeans and diasporic peoples must acknowledge how the European presence has also become an inextricable part of their own identities. Lastly, Hall describes the American presence as the "ground, place, territory" where people and cultures from around the world collided. It is, as Hall puts it, "where the fateful/fatal encounter was staged between Africa and the West", and also where the displacement of the natives occurred.

689: 1156:". According to Hall, black people living in diaspora are constantly reinventing themselves and their identities by mixing, hybridizing, and "creolizing" influences from Africa, Europe, and the rest of the world in their everyday lives and cultural practices. Therefore, there is no one-size-fits-all cultural identity for diasporic people, but rather a multiplicity of different cultural identities that share both important similarities and important differences, all of which should be respected. 5655: 5643: 5631: 5606: 1135:, he describes the three presences: "Présence Africaine", "Présence Européenne", and "Présence Americaine". "Présence Africaine" is the "unspeakable 'presence' in Caribbean culture". According to Hall, the African presence, though repressed by slavery and colonialism, is in fact hiding in plain sight in every aspect of Caribbean society and culture, including language, religion, the arts, and music. For many black people living in the diaspora, Africa becomes an " 1107:

historical change. This allows the tracing back the origins of descendants and reflecting on the historical experiences of ancestors as a shared truth. Therefore, blacks living in the diaspora need only "unearth" their African past to discover their true cultural identity. While Hall appreciates the good effects this first view of cultural identity has had in the postcolonial world, he proposes a second definition of cultural identity that he views as superior.

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continuous 'play' of history, culture, and power". Thus Hall defines cultural identities as "the names we give to the different ways we are positioned by, and position ourselves within, the narratives of the past." This view of cultural identity was more challenging than the previous due to its dive into deep differences, but nonetheless it showed the mixture of the African diaspora. In other words, for Hall cultural identity is "not an essence but a

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aims to provide a sympathetic account of their plight does not guarantee that audiences will feel sympathetic. Despite being realistic and recounting facts, the documentary must still communicate through a sign system (the aural-visual signs of TV) that simultaneously distorts the producers' intentions and evokes contradictory feelings in the audience.

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Hall challenged all four components of the mass communications model. He argues that (i) meaning is not simply fixed or determined by the sender; (ii) the message is never transparent; and (iii) the audience is not a passive recipient of meaning. For example, a documentary film on asylum seekers that

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of culture at the same time. (Hegemony, in Gramscian theory, refers to the socio-cultural production more of "consent" and "coercion".) For Hall, culture was not something to simply appreciate or study, but a "critical site of social action and intervention, where power relations are both established

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In "Cultural Identity and Diaspora", Hall sheds light on the topic of difference within black identity. He first acknowledges the oneness in the black diaspora and how this unity is at the core of blackness and the black experience. He expresses how this has a unifying effect on the diaspora, giving

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which constitute 'what we really are'; or rather – since history has intervened – 'what we have become'." In this view, cultural identity is not a fixed essence rooted in the past. Instead, cultural identities "undergo constant transformation" throughout history as they are "subject to the

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In the first definition, cultural identity is "a sort of collective 'one true self' ... which many people with a shared history and ancestry hold in common." In this view, cultural identity provides a "stable, unchanging and continuous frame of reference and meaning" through the ebb and flow of

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Hall had a major influence on cultural studies, and many of the terms his texts set forth continue to be used in the field. His 1973 text is viewed as a turning point in Hall's research toward structuralism and provides insight into some of the main theoretical developments he explored at the Centre

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in his memory and to continue his life's work was announced in December 2014. The Foundation is "committed to public education, addressing urgent questions of race and inequality in culture and society through talks and events, and building a growing network of Stuart Hall Foundation scholars and

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However, Hall points out, there is no going back to the Africa that existed before slavery, because Africa too has changed. Secondly, Hall describes the European presence in Caribbean cultural identity as the legacy of colonialism, racism, power and exclusion. Unlike the "Présence Africaine", the

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In his 2006 essay "Reconstruction Work: Images of Postwar Black Settlement", Hall also interrogates questions of historical memory and visuality in relation to photography as a colonial technology. According to Hall, understanding and writing about the history of black migration and settlement in

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and interviews offered without a specific temporal grounding in the film that nonetheless give the viewer greater insights into Hall and his philosophy. Along with the voiceovers and interviews, embedded in the film are also Hall's personal achievements; this is extremely rare, as there are no

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Distortion is built into the system, rather than being a "failure" of the producer or viewer. There is a "lack of fit", Hall argues, "between the two sides in the communicative exchange"—that is, between the moment of the production of the message ("encoding") and the moment of its reception

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occasioned by attacks on black people in the area; these protests showed the presence of a black community within England. When discussing the Caribbean, Hall discusses the idea of hybridity and he states that the Caribbean is the home of hybridity. There are also

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focuses on the scope for negotiation and opposition on the part of the audience. This means that the audience does not simply passively accept a text—social control. Crime statistics, in Hall's view, are often manipulated for political and economic purposes.

1072:. The essay takes up and challenges longheld assumptions about how media messages are produced, circulated and consumed, proposing a new theory of communication. "The 'object' of production practices and structures in television is the production of a 1048:

in 1980. The time difference between Hall's first publication on encoding and decoding in 1973 and his 1980 publication is highlighted by several critics. Of particular note is Hall's transition from the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies to the

883:'s Princess Margriet Award in 2008. He died on 10 February 2014, from complications following kidney failure, a week after his 82nd birthday. By the time of his death, he was widely known as the "godfather of multiculturalism". His memoir, 963:(e.g. over mugging) could thereby be ignited in order to create public support for the need to "police the crisis". The media play a central role in the "social production of news" in order to reap the rewards of lurid crime stories. 1280:, between 30 June and 12 August 1991 — in which he examined the elements that make up the Caribbean, looking at the turbulent history of the islands and interviewing people who live there today. The series episodes were as follows: 5256: 522:

was established in 2015 by his family, friends and colleagues to "work collaboratively to forge creative partnerships in the spirit of Stuart Hall; thinking together and working towards a racially just and more equal future."

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Because diasporic cultural identity in the Caribbean and throughout the world is a mixture of all these different presences, Hall advocated a "conception of 'identity' that lives with and through, not despite, difference; by

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in 1964. Hall took over from Hoggart as acting director of the CCCS in 1968, became its director in 1972, and remained there until 1979. While at the centre, Hall is credited with playing a role in expanding the scope of

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A central theme in the film is diasporic belonging. Hall confronted his own identity within both British and Caribbean communities, and at one point in the film he remarks: "Britain is my home, but I am not English."

1091:("decoding"). In "Encoding/decoding", Hall suggests media messages accrue common-sense status in part through their performative nature. Through the repeated performance, staging or telling of the narrative of " 1076:: that is, a sign-vehicle or rather sign-vehicles of a specific kind organized, like any other form of communication or language, through the operation of codes, within the syntagmatic chains of a discourse." 5249: 1437:

summarises the film as "a roller coaster ride through the upheavals, struggles and turning points that made the 20th century the century of campaigning, and of global political and cultural change."

543:, living in Jamaica for several centuries, tracing back to the Kingston tavern-keeper John Hall (1722–1797) and his Dutch wife Allegonda Boom. Hall's direct paternal ancestors were implicated in the 1427:

faced by the Windrush generation, contrasting the idealized perceptions among West Indian immigrants of Britain versus the harsher reality they encountered when arriving in the "mother country".

6721: 1214:'s specialist arts and culture reference library, currently located in Pimlico, London, and founded in 2007, is named after Stuart Hall, who was the chair of the board of Iniva for many years. 6726: 6578: 5242: 3306: 1079:

According to Hall, a message "must be perceived as meaningful discourse and meaningfully de-coded" before it has an "effect", a "use", or satisfies a "need". There are four codes of the

767:, initially as a research fellow at Hoggart's own expense. In 1968, Hall became director of the centre. He wrote a number of influential articles in the years that followed, including 3924: 6516: 588:. In an interview, Hall describes himself as a "bright, promising scholar" in these years and his formal education as "a very 'classical' education; very good but in very formal 2960: 3950: 6621: 3780: 6676: 994:) that challenged the left's views of markets and general organisational and political conservatism. This discourse had a profound impact on the Labour Party under both 2730: 3174: 2614: 1110:

Hall's second definition of cultural identity "recognises that, as well as the many points of similarity, there are also critical points of deep and significant

4189: 1173:. This modification of the word difference conveys the separation between spatial and temporal difference, and more adequately encapsulates the nuances of the 6691: 6711: 1095:" (as an example; there are others like it), a culturally specific interpretation becomes not only plausible and universal but elevated to "common sense". 6686: 6681: 4867: 850: 1836: 6626: 6616: 5295: 4693: 3904: 3367: 1398:, along with reflections by Hall on his experiences as an immigrant from the Caribbean to Britain. Another historical event vital to the film was the 1028:

Colloquy on "Training in the Critical Readings of Television Language" organised by the Council and the Centre for Mass Communication Research at the

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was "a re-examination of the lives and histories of those laid to rest at Highgate Cemetery in the context of contemporary anti-racism movements."

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Hall describes Caribbean identity in terms of three distinct "presences": the African, the European, and the American. Taking the terms from

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Hall presented his encoding and decoding philosophy in various publications and at several oral events across his career. The first was in "

6651: 5268: 797: 3920: 4455:"Conditions of Their Own Making: An Intellectual History of the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies at the University of Birmingham" 4739: 3809: 2968: 2300: 617: 3333: 6696: 6641: 4759: 4459: 4424: 4332: 2740: 2262: 2239: 2205: 2146: 2074: 2043: 1999: 1974: 1748: 1740: 47: 1169:". The use of the "a" in the word unsettles us from our initial and common interpretation of it, and was originally introduced by 5063: 4895: 4891: 4788: 1852: 674: 666: 478: 4227: (1996). "The Formation of a Diasporic Intellectual: An Interview with Stuart Hall by Kuan-Hsing Chen". In Morley, David; 3788: 3228: 2942: 2444:"Professor Stuart Hall: Sociologist and pioneer in the field of cultural studies whose work explored the concept of Britishness" 6706: 5265: 4135: 1379:

was composed of clips drawn from more than 100 hours of archival footage of Hall, woven together over the music of jazz artist

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In his influential 1996 essay "Cultural Identity and Diaspora", Hall presents two different definitions of cultural identity.

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Yardley, William (18 February 2014). "Stuart Hall, Trailblazing British Scholar of Multicultural Influences, Is Dead at 82".

2223: 1591: 6405: 3182: 539:, into a middle-class family. His parents were Herman McPhail Hall and Jessie Merle Hopwood. Herman's direct ancestors were 3117: 2525: 1386:

The film's structure is composed of multiple strands. There is a chronological grounding in historical events, such as the

6661: 6656: 5078: 4748: 2066: 876: 401: 36: 2822: 6521: 5778: 5158: 4901: 1943: 1488: 1399: 1225:, where on 28 November the new Academic Building was renamed in his honour, as the Professor Stuart Hall building (PSH). 880: 552: 20: 6259: 3280: 2719:

In: Julia Reuter, Alexandrea Karentzos (ed.): Schlüsselwerke der Postcolonial Studies. Wiesbaden: Springer VS. Page 131

5718: 5439: 5073: 5053: 5032: 4286: 2676: 1355: 977:". They construct miscegenation as "the centre of the problem", as "the problem of the problem", as "the core issue". 620:

of the colonial West Indies, where he was of darker skin than much of his family, had a profound effect on his views.

5475: 4204: 1786: 677:(CND) and it was on a CND march that he met his future wife. From 1958 to 1960, Hall worked as a teacher in a London 6636: 5874: 4798: 1395: 1190: 662: 544: 6646: 4853: 4320: 3208: 3028: 2866:

Lavezzo, Kathy (1 December 2021). "Whiteness, medievalism, immigration: rethinking Tolkien through Stuart Hall".

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Hall, Stuart; P. Scraton (1981). "Law, Class and Control". In: M. Fitzgerald, G. McLennan & J. Pawson (eds).

511: 1984:

Hall, Stuart (1992), "The question of cultural identity", in Hall, Stuart; Held, David; McGrew, Anthony (eds.),

688: 6569: 5934: 4763: 4275: 2313: 1036:, which Paddy Scannell explains: "largely accounts for the provisional feel of the text and its 'incompleteness 806: 764: 653:, reading it through the lens of contemporary literary criticism, but was dissuaded by his language professor, 270: 6567: 6564: 6561: 3707: 3681: 2555: 6085: 6015: 5451: 3145: 1361: 1029: 814:

and contemporary British attitudes to immigration. After his appointment as a professor of sociology at the

678: 514:, with whom he had two children. After his death, Stuart Hall was described as "one of the most influential 3898: 3825: 6309: 6241: 6233: 6193: 6005: 5946: 5742: 5522: 5058: 3852: 2645: 1890: 1256: 748: 628: 170: 891:), was posthumously published in 2017, based on hours of interviews conducted with Hall over many years. 6095: 6090: 5995: 5898: 4926: 4906: 4820: 1496: 1424: 1326: 1318: 1310: 729: 454: 5850: 3734:"Preparing earth constitution | Global Strategies & Solutions | The Encyclopedia of World Problems" 2085: 6606: 6601: 6301: 5654: 5642: 5630: 5605: 4780: 3254: 2138: 2022: 1895: 1218: 632: 613: 585: 578: 559: 1444:

conducted an interview with Hall that touched on a number of themes and issues in cultural studies.

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Hall's lectures have been turned into several videos distributed by the Media Education Foundation:

647:, as that community was then known. He originally intended to do graduate work on the medieval poem 6121: 6000: 5985: 5695: 5499: 5412: 5234: 5208: 5186: 4310: (2006). "Reconstruction Work: Images of Postwar Black Settlement". In Procter, James (ed.). 4196: 1925: 1756: 1416: 1241: 1237: 1207: 973:

article "Thirty Thousand Colour Problems" construct black migration, blackness in Britain, as "the

842: 657:, who told him "in a pained tone that this was not the point of the exercise." Hall began a PhD on 644: 640: 492: 341: 3682:"Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller to sign the World Constitution for world peace. 1961" 1814:

Hall, Stuart (1980). "Race, Articulation and Societies Structured in Dominance." In: UNESCO (ed).

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Hall, Stuart (1980). "Encoding / Decoding." In: S. Hall, D. Hobson, A. Lowe, and P. Willis (eds).

6537: 6365: 6325: 5838: 5403: 5179: 5172: 4936: 4714: 4661: 4649: 4617: 4605: 4577: 4546: 4258: 4152: 4083: 4018: 2883: 2184: 2130: 2122: 1908: 1869: 1803: 1509: 1473: 1222: 1186: 1136: 858: 624: 548: 482: 421: 346: 5886: 3259:"Review: Familiar Stranger by Stuart Hall review – from Jamaica to the New Left and Thatcherism" 1991: 1985: 1132: 1128: 2640: 2396: 6421: 6213: 6100: 5958: 5766: 5325: 5048: 4931: 4706: 4677: 4641: 4597: 4563: 4538: 4495: 4478: 4439: 4420: 4365: 4328: 4248: 4144: 4133:(1996). "You Can Go Home Again, You Just Can't Stay: Stuart Hall and the Caribbean Diaspora". 4118: 4075: 2939:"Bishopsgate Institute Podcast: The Partisan Coffee House: Cultural Politics and the New Left" 2736: 2439: 2296: 2282: 2258: 2235: 2219: 2201: 2142: 2134: 2070: 2039: 1995: 1970: 1744: 1736: 1629: 1612: 1536: 1252: 1025: 981: 927: 915: 895: 811: 693: 536: 532: 466:, and with helping to incorporate new ideas derived from the work of French theorists such as 75: 71: 3848:"Claudette Johnson, painter of Merton's Stuart Hall portrait, nominated for the Turner Prize" 3708:"Letter from World Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials" 2100: 555:. Hall's mother was descended through her mother from John Rock Grosset, a local pro-slavery 6547: 6542: 6445: 6429: 6341: 6317: 6183: 6116: 6061: 5972: 5826: 5754: 5109: 5022: 4967: 4916: 4911: 4698: 4633: 4589: 4530: 4468: 4355: 4240: 4110: 4067: 3758: 3150: 3092: 2875: 2176: 1900: 1861: 1795: 1570: 1553: 1015: 955: 947: 919: 849:

He spoke internationally on Cultural Studies, including a series of lectures in 1983 at the

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called him "one of the country's leading cultural theorists". Hall was also involved in the

459: 433: 429: 366: 239: 218: 2010: 685:, concluding around this time that he was unlikely to return permanently to the Caribbean. 6497: 6461: 6223: 6208: 5802: 5534: 5165: 5129: 5124: 5114: 5104: 5099: 5007: 4972: 4829: 4665: 4518: 4236: 4228: 3928: 3908: 3276: 3066: 2946: 2827: 2448: 2090: 2054: 1938: 1454: 1419:, those who migrated from the Caribbean to Britain in the years immediately following the 1170: 1050: 984:, perhaps related to the influential articles he wrote for the CPGB's theoretical journal 923: 815: 756: 751:"one of the first books to make the case for the serious study of film as entertainment", 720: 581: 474: 467: 445: 425: 336: 298: 275: 208: 203: 198: 183: 115: 3006: 1217:

In November 2014, a week-long celebration of Stuart Hall's achievements was held at the

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Hall was one of the signatories of the agreement to convene a convention for drafting a

673:, abandoned this in 1957 or 1958 to focus on his political work. In 1957, he joined the 6413: 6397: 6285: 6267: 6218: 6198: 6142: 6030: 5990: 5980: 5953: 5905: 5857: 5809: 5610: 5573: 5549: 5544: 5463: 5310: 5223: 5218: 5017: 4997: 4992: 4977: 4952: 3821: 3122: 3088: 2818: 2318: 2032: 1963: 1921: 1692:

Hall, Stuart (1974). "Marx's Notes on Method: A ‘Reading’ of the ‘1857 Introduction’",

1587: 1512: 1409: 1245: 1065: 725: 705: 682: 636: 609: 567: 540: 507: 417: 188: 128: 1040:". In 1974 the paper was presented at a symposium on Broadcasters and the Audience in 584:, one of the island’s elite establishments, receiving an education modelled after the 6595: 6489: 6477: 6437: 6357: 6251: 6188: 6158: 6137: 6040: 5814: 5647: 5598: 5561: 5315: 5213: 5002: 4987: 4653: 4609: 4550: 4262: 4087: 3338: 2938: 2887: 2188: 1912: 1850:

Hall, Stuart (June 1986). "Gramsci's relevance for the study of race and ethnicity".

1807: 1761: 1350: 1166: 986: 869: 836: 744: 649: 601: 592:

terms." With the help of sympathetic teachers, he expanded his education to include "

496: 356: 331: 4388:"Stuart Hall and the Formation of British Cultural Studies: A Diasporic Perspective" 6453: 6389: 6333: 6035: 5790: 5730: 5659: 5556: 5380: 5305: 5151: 5134: 5119: 5027: 4957: 4399: 4130: 3874: 2551: 2392: 2323: 2250: 1420: 1366: 995: 969: 888: 801: 515: 500: 487: 361: 351: 6373: 2038:. London Thousand Oaks, California: Sage in association with the Open University. 898:, where in 2022 an audio artwork by Trevor Mathison explored his legacy. Entitled 834:(1997). Through the 1970s and 1980s, Hall was closely associated with the journal 566:, Stuart's great-great-great grandfather John Herman Hall owned 20 enslaved Black 16:

British Marxist sociologist, cultural theorist, and political activist (1932–2014)

4580:(1986). "History, Politics and Postmodernism: Stuart Hall and Cultural Studies". 4071: 3733: 2592: 2180: 2053:

Hall, Stuart (1997), "The local and the global: globalization and ethnicity", in

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programme made by the Campaign Against Racism in the Media (CARM), which tackled

6349: 5922: 5673: 5427: 4691:"Scholar Stuart Hall Named Among the Most Important Black Britons of All Time". 4669: 4290: 2164: 2058: 1881:

Hall, Stuart (June 1986). "The problem of ideology-Marxism without guarantees".

1843: 1391: 1387: 1380: 1069: 1044:. Hall also presented his encoding and decoding model in "Encoding/Decoding" in 960: 931: 781: 670: 658: 597: 593: 574: 413: 288: 193: 4637: 4593: 4534: 4473: 4454: 4165: 2879: 1904: 1865: 1799: 6203: 6175: 5635: 5593: 5494: 5446: 5434: 5341: 5300: 4837: 4813: 3738:

The Encyclopedia of World Problems | Union of International Associations (UIA)

2832: 2672: 1958: 1706: 1685: 1441: 1404: 1339: 1003: 999: 903: 165: 4710: 4645: 4601: 4542: 4482: 4369: 4148: 4122: 4079: 6381: 6069: 5583: 5487: 5012: 4982: 4624:(1986). "On Postmodernism and Articulation: An Interview with Stuart Hall". 4360: 4343: 2118: 1990:, Cambridge: Polity Press in association with the Open University, pp. 1633: 1335: 605: 244: 213: 3368:"'The Conversation Continues: We Are Still Listening' at Highgate Festival" 1616: 853:

that were recorded and would decades later form the basis of the 2016 book

4244: 2913: 868:(Institute of International Visual Arts) and the photography organization 6277: 6045: 5941: 5713: 5482: 5458: 5393: 5354: 5083: 5068: 4877: 4114: 2232:

Selected Political Writings: The Great Moving Right Show and other essays

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Stuart Hall, Cultural Studies and the Rise of Black and Asian British Art

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in 1960, with Hall as the founding editor. In 1958, the same group, with

589: 326: 321: 4733: 3886: 2218:. Slack, Jennifer, and Lawrence Grossberg (eds), Duke University Press. 384: 46: 5785: 5470: 5367: 4718: 4156: 3113: 1731:

Hall, Stuart; C. Critcher; T. Jefferson; J. Clarke; B. Roberts (1978),

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and some of the surrounding literature and modern poetry", as well as "

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from 1995 to 1997. He retired from the Open University in 1997 and was

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Hall left the centre in 1979 to become a professor of sociology at the

410: 406: 2200:(2nd ed.). London: Sage in association with The Open University. 1365:(2013). The first film was shown (26 October 2013 – 23 March 2014) at 570:. His ancestors were Portuguese, Jews, English, Africans and Indians. 5929: 5845: 5773: 5620: 5422: 1778:

Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies, 1972–79

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Stuart Hall's Voice: Intimations of an Ethics of Receptive Generosity

1260: 1041: 463: 93: 4760:"New project brings the work of Stuart Hall back into the spotlight" 4702: 3353: 818:(OU) that year, Hall published further influential books, including 432:— was one of the founding figures of the school of thought known as 4845: 1969:. Cambridge: Polity Press in association with the Open University. 926:

stance. He regards language-use as operating within a framework of

5917: 5893: 5881: 5869: 5833: 5821: 5797: 5761: 5749: 5737: 5725: 5568: 5517: 4203:. London: Lawrence & Wishart. pp. 222–237. Archived from 3887:"Personally Speaking: A Long Conversation with Stuart Hall (2009)" 3759:"Goldsmiths Renames Academic Building After Professor Stuart Hall" 1211: 865: 687: 669:(CPGB) and look for alternatives to previous orthodoxies) and the 2063:

Dangerous liaisons: gender, nation, and postcolonial perspectives

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Representation: cultural representations and signifying practices

6482: 3334:"Radical thinkers remembered with Highgate Cemetery sound trail" 1838:

The Hard Road to Renewal: Thatcherism and the Crisis of the Left

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Hall, Stuart (1981). "Notes on Deconstructing the Popular". In:

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Hall was a presenter of a seven-part television series entitled

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as a meeting place for left-wingers. Hall left the board of the

733: 556: 5238: 4849: 3307:"New Soundscape by Artist Trevor Mathison at Highgate Cemetery" 1415:

The film can be viewed as a more pointedly focused take on the

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traditional archives of those Caribbean peoples moulded by the

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Hall's academic career took off in 1964 after he co-wrote with

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Writing Black Britain, 1948–98: An Interdisciplinary Anthology

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Hall retired from the Open University in 1997. He was elected

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Hall, Stuart; Critcher, Chas; Jefferson, Tony; Clarke, John;

4032: 3994:"Stuart Hall's Cultural Legacy: Britain Under the Microscope" 1338:

produced a film based on a long interview between journalist

3781:"Goldsmiths Honour Stuart Hall by Naming Building After Him" 3761:. London: Goldsmiths, University of London. 11 December 2014 1423:. Hall, himself a member of this generation, focused on the 1276:— made by Barraclough Carey Productions, and transmitted on 4521:(1986). "A Working Bibliography: Writings of Stuart Hall". 3463: 3461: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3404: 1936:

Hall, Stuart (1989). "Ethnicity: Identity and Difference".

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Hall, Stuart (1977). "Journalism of the air under review".

1259:, the portrait hangs in the Hall at Merton alongside other 779:(for Marxism Today), in which he famously coined the term ‘ 443:

In the 1950s Hall was a founder of the influential journal

3921:"BP Spotlight: John Akomfrah, The Unfinished Conversation" 3430: 3428: 3229:"'Godfather of Multiculturalism' Stuart Hall Dies Aged 82" 4325:

Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State and Law and Order

1733:

Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State and Law and Order

1463:

McRobbie has also written an article in tribute to Hall:

1240:

sold Hall's private library. 3,000 books were donated to

531:

Stuart Henry McPhail Hall was born on 3 February 1932 in

2941:(11 June 2009). Bishopsgate Institute, 8 February 2012. 2497:"Sixty years ago: Stuart Hall arrives to renew the Left" 1784:

Hall, Stuart (1980). "Cultural Studies: two paradigms".

1628:. Birmingham: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies. 2756: 2754: 2752: 1689:. Birmingham: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies. 1679:. Birmingham: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies. 1668:

Hall, Stuart (1972). "The Social Eye of Picture Post",

1654:

Hall, Stuart (1971). "Life and Death of Picture Post",

1651:. Birmingham: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies. 1255:

completed a portrait of Hall in 2023. Commissioned by

551:, being associated with the Grecian Regale Plantation, 4171:. Birmingham: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies 3628: 3626: 3613: 3611: 3609: 3584: 3582: 3580: 3544: 3542: 3175:"Jamaican Cultural Theorist Stuart Hall Dies, Aged 82" 3173:

Hudson, Rykesha; Pears, Elizabeth (10 February 2014).

3005:

Paterson, Richard; Gerhardt, Paul (11 February 2014).

1189:. As a result, for the first time in human history, a 6517:

World Committee for a World Constitutional Convention

4058:

Dunn, Hopeton S. (2014). "A Tribute to Stuart Hall".

3505: 3503: 3415: 3413: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2343: 2257:. London: Allen Lane; Durham: Duke University Press. 934:

and politics/economics. This view presents people as

3490: 3488: 2988: 2986: 1383:, who was an inspiration to both Hall and Akomfrah. 1373:, London, while the second is now available on DVD. 616:". Hall's later works reveal that growing up in the 510:, a feminist professor of modern British history at 6530: 6509: 6294: 6276: 6250: 6232: 6174: 6151: 6130: 6109: 6078: 6054: 6023: 6014: 5971: 5704: 5681: 5672: 5619: 5582: 5533: 5508: 5411: 5402: 5324: 5196: 5143: 5092: 5041: 4945: 4884: 4749:

The Narrative Construction of Reality – Stuart Hall

4233:

Stuart Hall: Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies

4166:"Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse" 3567: 3565: 3563: 3561: 3559: 3557: 2196:Hall, Stuart; Evans, Jessica; Nixon, Sean (2013) . 1099:

Views on cultural identity and the African diaspora

661:at Oxford but, galvanised particularly by the 1956 379: 314: 304: 294: 284: 263: 253: 232: 227: 176: 164: 159: 147: 122: 109: 101: 82: 53: 30: 6722:Presidents of the British Sociological Association 3207: 2961:"Stuart Hall: 'We Need to Talk About Englishness'" 2031: 1962: 1006:as operating on "terrain defined by Thatcherism". 900:The Conversation Continues: We Are Still Listening 1677:Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse 1022:Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse 832:Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices 773:Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse 6727:World Constitutional Convention call signatories 4756:online edition, No. 10. Retrieved 16 April 2008. 3202: 3200: 4738:John O'Hara interview with Stuart Hall for the 1684:A ‘Reading’ of Marx's 1857 Introduction to the 665:(which saw many thousands of members leave the 4348:Addressing the Crisis: The Stuart Hall Project 3118:"Stuart Hall and the Rise of Cultural Studies" 2914:"A Brief History Of New Left Review 1960–2010" 2386: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2125:; Taylor, Stephanie; Yates, Simeon J. (eds.), 1735:. London: Macmillan. London: Macmillan Press. 5250: 4861: 4097:Familiar Stranger: A Life Between Two Islands 2732:Familiar Stranger: A Life Between Two Islands 2434: 2432: 2430: 2255:Familiar Stranger: A Life Between Two Islands 1349:Hall is the subject of two films directed by 885:Familiar Stranger: A Life Between Two Islands 8: 4752:. Republished in centerforbookculture.org's 4746:programme, originally broadcast 5 May 1983: 4674:Without Guarantees: In Honour of Stuart Hall 3146:"Why We Need Stuart Hall's Imaginative Left" 2216:Cultural Studies 1983: A Theoretical History 1926:"People aid: a new politics sweeps the land" 1816:Sociological Theories: Race and Colonialism. 855:Cultural Studies 1983: A Theoretical History 843:Soundings: A Journal of Politics and Culture 681:and in adult education, and in 1964 married 3974:"Film of the Week: The Stuart Hall Project" 2587: 2585: 1139:" to which they feel a sense of belonging. 980:Hall's political influence extended to the 405:(3 February 1932 – 10 February 2014) was a 6020: 5678: 5408: 5257: 5243: 5235: 4868: 4854: 4846: 4769: 4314:. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 2519: 2517: 2501:The Open University | Society and Politics 1663:Situating Marx: Evaluations and Departures 946:Hall became one of the main proponents of 872:(the Association of Black Photographers). 851:University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 769:Situating Marx: Evaluations and Departures 635:, where he studied English and obtained a 45: 27: 6622:Academics of the University of Birmingham 5296:World Constitution Coordinating Committee 4694:The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education 4472: 4359: 3787:. London. 4 December 2014. Archived from 2634: 2632: 1894: 804:presented "It Ain't Half Racist Mum", an 485:there until his death. British newspaper 449:. At Hoggart's invitation, he joined the 19:For other people called Stuart Hall, see 6677:Jamaican emigrants to the United Kingdom 5283:Constitution for the Federation of Earth 4922:Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies 4377:Levens, R. G. C., ed. (1964). 4201:Identity: Community, Culture, Difference 3446: 3434: 3354:"New audio artwork at Highgate Cemetery" 2421: 2293:Selected Writings on Race and Difference 1195:Constitution for the Federation of Earth 1081:encoding/decoding model of communication 1034:Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies 761:Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies 451:Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies 309:Encoding/decoding model of communication 5204:Far-left politics in the United Kingdom 4344:"'New Ethnicities' and Medieval 'Race'" 4239:. London: Routledge. pp. 486–505. 4033:"Stuart Hall Interviewed By Sut Jhally" 3467: 3392: 3216:. London. 11 February 2014. p. 25. 2959:Derbyshire, Jonathan (23 August 2012). 2853: 2813: 2811: 2809: 2615:"Halls of Jamaica – Allegonda's Legacy" 2576: 2371: 2339: 2295:(2021), Durham: Duke University Press, 2281:(2021), Durham: Duke University Press, 2127:Discourse Theory and Practice: a reader 1932:. Amiel and Melburn Collections: 10–14. 1780:. London: Hutchinson, pp. 128–138. 1765:. Amiel and Melburn Collections: 14–20. 894:Hall was buried on the eastern side of 840:; in 1995, he was a founding editor of 798:Margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister 704:during his time at Oxford, Hall joined 3053: 2900: 2800: 2784: 2760: 2495:Drabwell, Christine (3 January 2020). 2084:Hall, Stuart (January–February 1997). 1607:Hall, Stuart; Whannell, Paddy (1964). 1552:Hall, Stuart (January–February 1961). 1032:. It was produced for students at the 643:, the first large-scale emigration of 3992:Jeffries, Stuart (10 February 2014). 3144:Loudis, Jessica (27 September 2017). 2992: 2788: 2015:Soundings, Issue: Heroes and Heroines 1823:People's History and Socialist Theory 573:As a teen he had been baptized in an 503:also see him as one of their heroes. 438:Birmingham School of Cultural Studies 7: 3949:. London. p. 30. Archived from 3668: 3656: 3644: 3632: 3617: 3600: 3588: 3571: 3548: 3533: 3521: 3509: 3494: 3479: 3419: 3227:Butler, Patrick (10 February 2014). 2772: 2482: 2470: 2359: 789:(1978) and coedited the influential 6692:Jamaican people of Scottish descent 4740:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 4021:, IMDb. Retrieved 24 November 2014. 3972:Clark, Ashley (29 September 2014). 3714:. American Foundation for the Blind 3688:. American Foundation for the Blind 2133:, London Thousand Oaks California: 1699:Hall, Stuart; T. Jefferson (1976), 1293:"La Grande Illusion" (21 July 1991) 1064:approach and builds on the work of 1057:for Contemporary Cultural Studies. 1024:" (1973), a paper he wrote for the 785:’. He also contributed to the book 6712:People educated at Jamaica College 4379:Merton College Register, 1900–1964 4095:Epstein, James (2019). "Review of 2234:. London: Lawrence & Wishart. 1694:Working Papers in Cultural Studies 1670:Working Papers in Cultural Studies 1611:. London: Hutchinson Educational. 1472:. 14 February 2014. Archived from 14: 6687:Jamaican people of Jewish descent 6682:Jamaican people of Indian descent 4460:Canadian Journal of Communication 3356:. Highgate Cemetery. 6 June 2022. 2717:Die Differenz leben: Stuart Hall. 1626:The Hippies: an American "moment" 1569:Hall, Stuart (March–April 1961). 1535:Hall, Stuart (March–April 1960). 1302:"Iron in the Soul" (30 June 1991) 6627:Alumni of Merton College, Oxford 6617:Academics of the Open University 6574: 6573: 5952: 5940: 5928: 5916: 5904: 5892: 5880: 5868: 5856: 5844: 5832: 5820: 5808: 5796: 5784: 5772: 5760: 5748: 5736: 5724: 5712: 5689: 5653: 5641: 5629: 5604: 5592: 5567: 5555: 5543: 5516: 5493: 5481: 5469: 5457: 5445: 5433: 5421: 5386: 5373: 5360: 5347: 5334: 5064:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament 4896:Communist Party of Great Britain 4892:Communist Party Historians Group 4789:British Sociological Association 4626:Journal of Communication Inquiry 4582:Journal of Communication Inquiry 4523:Journal of Communication Inquiry 4276:"Stuart Hall: Culture and Power" 4190:"Cultural Identity and Diaspora" 4019:"The Stuart Hall Project (2013)" 3941:Hudson, Mark (15 October 2012). 2639:Hall, Catherine (13 July 2023). 2524:Adams, Tim (22 September 2007). 1883:Journal of Communication Inquiry 1853:Journal of Communication Inquiry 1818:Paris: UNESCO. pp. 305–345. 1715:. London: HarperCollinsAcademic. 1661:Hall, Stuart; P. Walton (1972). 1649:Deviancy, Politics and the Media 1284:"Shades of Freedom" (11/08/1991) 1193:convened to draft and adopt the 675:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament 667:Communist Party of Great Britain 479:British Sociological Association 6612:20th-century Jamaican educators 5266:World Constitutional Convention 4136:Research in African Literatures 3943:"A Beautiful Paean to Identity" 3332:Galton, Bridget (6 June 2022). 1592:"Politics of the common market" 1328:The Origins of Cultural Studies 864:Hall was the founding chair of 137: 6672:Fellows of the British Academy 4734:Stuart Hall Foundation website 4102:The American Historical Review 4031:Jhally, Sut (30 August 2012). 3903:, Media Education Foundation. 2729:Hall, Stuart (30 March 2017). 1665:. London: Human Context Books. 1320:Representation & the Media 1296:"Paradise Lost" (14 July 1991) 1287:"Following Fidel" (04/08/1991) 1002:, although Hall later decried 950:, and developed the theory of 857:(edited by Jennifer Slack and 828:Questions of Cultural Identity 518:of the last sixty years". The 1: 6717:People from Kingston, Jamaica 6263:(Righteous Among the Nations) 5079:International Socialists (UK) 4562:. London: SAGE Publications. 4494:. London: SAGE Publications. 4438:. London: SAGE Publications. 2831:. No. 58. Archived from 2067:University of Minnesota Press 1757:"The great moving right show" 1755:Hall, Stuart (January 1979). 1299:"Out of Africa" (7 July 1991) 1290:"Worlds Apart" (28 July 1991) 914:Hall's work covers issues of 877:fellow of the British Academy 639:degree, becoming part of the 577:Youth Group. He attended the 6667:Burials at Highgate Cemetery 6522:Provisional World Parliament 5159:Universities and Left Review 4902:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 4072:10.1080/02560046.2014.929228 3089:"Journals – About Soundings" 2279:Selected Writings on Marxism 2181:10.1080/09502386.2011.619886 2009:Hall, Stuart (Summer 1996). 1787:Media, Culture & Society 1524:This is not a complete list: 1400:1958 Notting Hill race riots 1312:Race, the Floating Signifier 943:and potentially unsettled". 881:European Cultural Foundation 712:and others to merge it with 702:Universities and Left Review 21:Stuart Hall (disambiguation) 6652:British political activists 6406:Maurício Campos de Medeiros 5719:Ahmed Ebrahim Haroon Jaffer 5440:Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich 5074:International Marxist Group 3875:"Redemption Song (7 Parts)" 2677:Legacies of British Slavery 2617:. David Alan Paterson. 2002 1356:The Unfinished Conversation 1010:Encoding and decoding model 777:The Great Moving Right Show 6743: 5875:Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi 4638:10.1177/019685998601000204 4594:10.1177/019685998601000205 4535:10.1177/019685998601000211 4474:10.22230/cjc.1993v18n1a717 4381:. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. 2880:10.1057/s41280-021-00207-x 2641:"Diary: Return To Jamaica" 2556:"In Memoriam: Stuart Hall" 2163:Hall, Stuart (2011). "The 2065:, Minnesota, Minneapolis: 1961:; McGrew, Anthony (1992). 1905:10.1177/019685998601000203 1866:10.1177/019685998601000202 1800:10.1177/016344378000200106 1440:In August 2012, Professor 1396:Hungarian Uprising of 1956 1191:World Constituent Assembly 1013: 791:Resistance Through Rituals 663:Soviet invasion of Hungary 545:trans-Atlantic slave trade 495:. Movie directors such as 477:. He was President of the 18: 6556: 5779:Ezequiel Padilla Peñaloza 5276: 4834: 4818: 4810: 4805: 4795: 4785: 4777: 4772: 4560:Understanding Stuart Hall 4453:Schulman, Norman (1993). 3980:. British Film Institute. 3069:(1985). "The Politics of 3035:. Oxford University Press 3007:"Stuart Hall (1932–2014)" 2681:University College London 2086:"Raphael Samuel: 1934-96" 1987:Modernity and its futures 1965:Modernity and its futures 1721:Journalism Studies Review 1672:, no. 2, pp. 71–120. 1228:The establishment of the 1160:Difference and differance 879:in 2005 and received the 759:invited Hall to join the 512:University College London 398:Stuart Henry McPhail Hall 375: 155: 58:Stuart Henry McPhail Hall 44: 6697:Jamaican Rhodes Scholars 6642:British literary critics 6493:(teacher & pacifist) 6369:(scholar & pacifist) 5935:Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli 4764:University of Birmingham 4434:Scannell, Paddy (2007). 3828:. Stuart Hall Foundation 3281:"Stuart Hall, 1932–2014" 3181:. London. Archived from 3009:. British Film Institute 2945:13 November 2013 at the 2595:. Stuart Hall Foundation 2558:. British Film Institute 2314:Articulation (sociology) 2137:in association with the 1508:Hall was married to the 1046:Culture, Media, Language 820:The Hard Road to Renewal 765:University of Birmingham 434:British Cultural Studies 271:University of Birmingham 6162:(Chemistry & Peace) 4436:Media and Communication 4415:Procter, James (2004). 4361:10.17077/2643-8291.1003 4342:Lavezzo, Kathy (2019). 3927:24 October 2014 at the 3826:"Stuart Hall's Archive" 3810:Stuart Hall Foundation. 3075:International Socialism 3029:"Stuart Hall (b. 1932)" 2117:: Power, knowledge and 1377:The Stuart Hall Project 1362:The Stuart Hall Project 1342:and Stuart Hall called 1030:University of Leicester 824:Formations of Modernity 718:journal, launching the 679:secondary modern school 6707:Linguists from Jamaica 6401:(writer & scholar) 6310:David Alfaro Siqueiros 6260:André and Magda Trocmé 6242:Martin Luther King Jr. 6234:Human rights activists 6194:Edris Rice-Wray Carson 6079:Physiology or Medicine 5947:Patrick Wolrige-Gordon 5743:B. Satya Narayan Reddy 5523:Jaramogi Oginga Odinga 5059:British Black Panthers 4490:Titley, Gavan (2019). 4327:. Holmes & Meier. 3982:Updated 31 March 2015. 3853:Merton College, Oxford 3372:Stuart Hall Foundation 3311:Stuart Hall Foundation 2715:Rainer Winter (2012): 2661:– via lrb.co.uk. 2646:London Review of Books 2397:"Stuart Hall Obituary" 2113:Hall, Stuart (2001), " 1233:artists in residence." 1230:Stuart Hall Foundation 755:. As a direct result, 749:British Film Institute 697: 520:Stuart Hall Foundation 462:to deal with race and 171:Merton College, Oxford 6702:Jamaican sociologists 6632:Black British writers 6096:Hermann Joseph Muller 6091:Dickinson W. Richards 5899:Komla Agbeli Gbedemah 5476:Léopold Sédar Senghor 4927:Partisan Coffee House 4821:Bread and Roses Award 4558:Davis, Helen (2004). 4419:. London: Routledge. 4386:Lewis, Tanya (2004). 4285:(86). Interviewed by 4245:10.4324/9780203993262 4164:Hall, Stuart (1973). 2230:Hall, Stuart (2017). 2214:Hall, Stuart (2016). 2030:Hall, Stuart (1997). 1835:Hall, Stuart (1988). 1696:, no. 6, pp. 132–171. 1682:Hall, Stuart (1973). 1675:Hall, Stuart (1973). 1647:Hall, Stuart (1971). 1624:Hall, Stuart (1968). 1497:Duke University Press 1425:racial discrimination 952:encoding and decoding 730:Partisan Coffee House 700:After working on the 691: 586:British school system 455:Birmingham University 387:.stuarthallfoundation 6662:British sociologists 6657:British semioticians 6302:Arthur Ernest Bishop 6086:Albert Szent-Györgyi 5452:José Figueres Ferrer 4197:Rutherford, Jonathan 3907:4 April 2015 at the 3712:Helen Keller Archive 3686:Helen Keller Archive 3279:(March–April 2014). 2554:(12 February 2014). 2442:(11 February 2011). 2395:(10 February 2014). 2069:, pp. 173–187, 2023:Lawrence and Wishart 1825:. London: Routledge. 1658:, vol. 92, no. 2201. 1590:(July–August 1961). 1537:"Crosland territory" 1219:University of London 633:University of Oxford 623:In 1951, Hall won a 614:Caribbean literature 564:1820 Jamaica Almanac 560:member of Parliament 506:Hall was married to 424:. Hall — along with 6473:(cultural theorist) 6122:Salvatore Quasimodo 5986:Dana McLean Greeley 5696:Cornelis Berkhouwer 5500:Otilio Ulate Blanco 5404:Head of governments 5209:Anti-Stalinist left 4662:Grossberg, Lawrence 4578:Grossberg, Lawrence 4099:, by Stuart Hall". 3947:The Daily Telegraph 3900:Personally Speaking 3659:, pp. 235–236. 3214:The Daily Telegraph 3185:on 14 February 2014 2835:on 13 November 2013 2775:, pp. 486–487. 2526:"Cultural Hallmark" 2249:Hall, Stuart (with 2123:Wetherell, Margaret 1701:Resistance Through 1466:"Times with Stuart" 1417:Windrush generation 1344:Personally Speaking 1208:Stuart Hall Library 954:. This approach to 787:Policing the Crisis 706:E. P. Thompson 641:Windrush generation 562:. According to the 553:Saint Andrew Parish 493:Black Arts Movement 342:Brent Hayes Edwards 254:School or tradition 160:Academic background 6538:World constitution 6366:Hugh J. Schonfield 6326:Edward J. Sparling 5851:Irène de Lipkowski 5839:Inder Kumar Gujral 5488:Muhammad Ayub Khan 5180:Radical Philosophy 5173:Socialist Register 4937:Socialist Movement 4402:on 23 October 2004 4283:Radical Philosophy 4210:on 24 October 2018 4115:10.1093/ahr/rhy435 3953:on 18 October 2012 3791:on 8 November 2018 2787:, pp. 33–34; 2703:The New York Times 2440:Williamson, Marcus 2141:, pp. 72–80, 2131:Discourse Analysis 2011:"Who dares, fails" 1571:"The new frontier" 1554:"Student journals" 1510:feminist historian 1223:Goldsmiths College 1187:world constitution 1147:Diasporic identity 1137:imagined community 887:(co-authored with 859:Lawrence Grossberg 812:racial stereotypes 800:in 1979, Hall and 698: 625:Rhodes Scholarship 549:slavery in Jamaica 483:professor emeritus 422:political activist 347:Lawrence Grossberg 6637:British feminists 6587: 6586: 6502: 6494: 6486: 6474: 6466: 6458: 6450: 6442: 6434: 6426: 6418: 6410: 6402: 6394: 6386: 6378: 6370: 6362: 6354: 6346: 6338: 6330: 6322: 6314: 6306: 6264: 6214:Priyadaranjan Ray 6170: 6169: 6163: 6101:Macfarlane Burnet 6066: 5973:Religious leaders 5967: 5966: 5959:William Beveridge 5767:Diwan Chaman Lall 5668: 5667: 5232: 5231: 5049:The Angry Brigade 4932:Socialist Society 4844: 4843: 4835:Succeeded by 4796:Succeeded by 4787:President of the 4773:Academic offices 4683:978-1-85984-287-4 4676:. London: Verso. 4569:978-0-7619-4715-8 4501:978-1-5264-2209-5 4445:978-1-84920-830-7 4254:978-0-203-99326-2 4235:. Interviewed by 3978:Sight & Sound 3470:, pp. 59–61. 3257:(31 March 2017). 2287:978-1-4780-0034-1 2101:Available online. 1830:Crime and Society 1253:Claudette Johnson 1238:Housmans bookshop 1026:Council of Europe 896:Highgate Cemetery 740:in 1961 or 1962. 694:Highgate Cemetery 537:Colony of Jamaica 418:cultural theorist 395: 394: 285:Doctoral students 258:Birmingham school 6734: 6647:British Marxists 6577: 6576: 6548:World federalism 6543:World government 6500: 6492: 6480: 6472: 6464: 6456: 6448: 6446:Shigeri Yamataka 6440: 6432: 6430:Rameshwari Nehru 6424: 6416: 6408: 6400: 6392: 6384: 6376: 6368: 6360: 6353:(science editor) 6352: 6344: 6342:Gregorio Bermann 6336: 6328: 6320: 6318:E. M. L. Odjidja 6313:(Social realist) 6312: 6304: 6262: 6184:Charles C. Price 6161: 6117:Bertrand Russell 6064: 6062:Frederick Sanger 6021: 6001:Martin Niemöller 5957: 5956: 5945: 5944: 5933: 5932: 5921: 5920: 5909: 5908: 5897: 5896: 5885: 5884: 5873: 5872: 5861: 5860: 5849: 5848: 5837: 5836: 5825: 5824: 5813: 5812: 5801: 5800: 5789: 5788: 5777: 5776: 5765: 5764: 5755:Chiyo Sakakibara 5753: 5752: 5741: 5740: 5729: 5728: 5717: 5716: 5694: 5693: 5692: 5679: 5658: 5657: 5646: 5645: 5634: 5633: 5609: 5608: 5597: 5596: 5572: 5571: 5560: 5559: 5548: 5547: 5521: 5520: 5498: 5497: 5486: 5485: 5474: 5473: 5462: 5461: 5450: 5449: 5438: 5437: 5426: 5425: 5409: 5392: 5390: 5389: 5379: 5377: 5376: 5366: 5364: 5363: 5353: 5351: 5350: 5340: 5338: 5337: 5286: 5259: 5252: 5245: 5236: 5197:Related articles 5110:Frankfurt School 5093:Major influences 5023:Sheila Rowbotham 4968:Raymond Williams 4917:Cultural studies 4912:Marxist humanism 4870: 4863: 4856: 4847: 4811:Preceded by 4778:Preceded by 4770: 4722: 4697:(43): 59. 2004. 4687: 4666:McRobbie, Angela 4657: 4621: 4613: 4573: 4554: 4519:Chen, Kuan-Hsing 4505: 4492:Racism and Media 4486: 4476: 4449: 4430: 4411: 4409: 4407: 4398:. Archived from 4382: 4373: 4363: 4338: 4315: 4309: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4280: 4273: 4266: 4237:Chen, Kuan-Hsing 4229:Chen, Kuan-Hsing 4226: 4219: 4217: 4215: 4209: 4194: 4187: 4180: 4178: 4176: 4170: 4160: 4126: 4091: 4045: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4028: 4022: 4016: 4010: 4009: 4007: 4005: 3989: 3983: 3981: 3969: 3963: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3938: 3932: 3923:, Tate Britain. 3918: 3912: 3896: 3890: 3884: 3878: 3872: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3844: 3838: 3837: 3835: 3833: 3824:(22 July 2019). 3818: 3812: 3807: 3801: 3800: 3798: 3796: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3755: 3749: 3748: 3746: 3744: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3704: 3698: 3697: 3695: 3693: 3678: 3672: 3666: 3660: 3654: 3648: 3642: 3636: 3630: 3621: 3615: 3604: 3598: 3592: 3586: 3575: 3569: 3552: 3546: 3537: 3531: 3525: 3519: 3513: 3507: 3498: 3492: 3483: 3477: 3471: 3465: 3450: 3444: 3438: 3432: 3423: 3417: 3408: 3405:Hall et al. 1978 3402: 3396: 3390: 3384: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3364: 3358: 3357: 3350: 3344: 3343: 3329: 3323: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3303: 3297: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3277:Blackburn, Robin 3273: 3267: 3266: 3251: 3245: 3244: 3242: 3240: 3224: 3218: 3217: 3211: 3204: 3195: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3151:The New Republic 3141: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3116:(17 July 2017). 3110: 3104: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3093:Lawrence Wishart 3085: 3079: 3078: 3067:Callinicos, Alex 3063: 3057: 3051: 3045: 3044: 3042: 3040: 3033:Oxford Reference 3025: 3019: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3002: 2996: 2990: 2981: 2980: 2978: 2976: 2967:. Archived from 2956: 2950: 2935: 2929: 2928: 2926: 2924: 2910: 2904: 2898: 2892: 2891: 2863: 2857: 2851: 2845: 2844: 2842: 2840: 2815: 2804: 2798: 2792: 2782: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2747: 2746: 2726: 2720: 2713: 2707: 2706: 2698: 2692: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2673:"Grecian Regale" 2669: 2663: 2662: 2660: 2658: 2636: 2627: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2611: 2605: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2589: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2548: 2542: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2521: 2512: 2511: 2509: 2507: 2492: 2486: 2480: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2436: 2425: 2419: 2413: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2388: 2375: 2369: 2363: 2357: 2268: 2245: 2211: 2192: 2169:Cultural Studies 2152: 2099: 2080: 2057:; Mufti, Aamir; 2055:McClintock, Anne 2049: 2037: 2026: 2005: 1980: 1968: 1944:Available online 1933: 1916: 1898: 1896:10.1.1.1033.1130 1877: 1811: 1766: 1728: 1656:Cambridge Review 1637: 1620: 1609:The Popular Arts 1603: 1582: 1565: 1548: 1485: 1483: 1481: 1462: 1455:McRobbie, Angela 1244:by Hall's widow 1039: 1016:Reception theory 956:textual analysis 948:reception theory 922:, taking a post- 920:cultural studies 902:, the 40-minute 753:The Popular Arts 715:The New Reasoner 710:Raymond Williams 692:Hall's grave in 655:J. R. R. Tolkien 460:cultural studies 430:Raymond Williams 404: 391: 388: 386: 367:Roshini Kempadoo 295:Notable students 240:Cultural studies 219:Raymond Williams 141: 139: 89: 86:10 February 2014 67: 65: 49: 39: 28: 6742: 6741: 6737: 6736: 6735: 6733: 6732: 6731: 6592: 6591: 6588: 6583: 6552: 6526: 6505: 6498:Toyohiko Kagawa 6462:Stanley Slotkin 6433:(social worker) 6290: 6272: 6246: 6228: 6224:Wilder Penfield 6209:Pitirim Sorokin 6166: 6147: 6126: 6105: 6074: 6050: 6016:Nobel laureates 6010: 5963: 5951: 5939: 5927: 5915: 5903: 5891: 5887:Kenzō Matsumura 5879: 5867: 5855: 5843: 5831: 5819: 5807: 5803:Hisato Ichimada 5795: 5783: 5771: 5759: 5747: 5735: 5723: 5711: 5700: 5690: 5688: 5664: 5652: 5640: 5628: 5615: 5603: 5591: 5578: 5566: 5554: 5542: 5535:Prime Ministers 5529: 5515: 5509:Vice-presidents 5504: 5492: 5480: 5468: 5456: 5444: 5432: 5420: 5398: 5387: 5385: 5374: 5372: 5361: 5359: 5348: 5346: 5335: 5333: 5320: 5280: 5272: 5263: 5233: 5228: 5192: 5166:New Left Review 5139: 5130:Talcott Parsons 5125:C. Wright Mills 5115:Isaac Deutscher 5105:Louis Althusser 5100:Antonio Gramsci 5088: 5037: 5008:Robin Blackburn 4973:Richard Hoggart 4941: 4880: 4874: 4840: 4830:Reni Eddo-Lodge 4826: 4824: 4816: 4801: 4792: 4783: 4781:Michèle Barrett 4766:, 29 June 2023. 4730: 4725: 4703:10.2307/4133554 4690: 4684: 4672:, eds. (2000). 4660: 4619: 4616: 4576: 4570: 4557: 4517: 4513: 4511:Further reading 4508: 4502: 4489: 4452: 4446: 4433: 4427: 4414: 4405: 4403: 4385: 4376: 4341: 4335: 4318: 4307: 4305: 4296: 4294: 4278: 4274: (1997). 4271: 4269: 4255: 4224: 4222: 4213: 4211: 4207: 4192: 4188: (1990). 4185: 4183: 4174: 4172: 4168: 4163: 4129: 4094: 4057: 4053: 4048: 4038: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4025: 4017: 4013: 4003: 4001: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3971: 3970: 3966: 3956: 3954: 3940: 3939: 3935: 3929:Wayback Machine 3919: 3915: 3909:Wayback Machine 3897: 3893: 3885: 3881: 3873: 3869: 3859: 3857: 3856:. 25 April 2024 3846: 3845: 3841: 3831: 3829: 3822:Borthwick, Ruth 3820: 3819: 3815: 3808: 3804: 3794: 3792: 3779: 3778: 3774: 3764: 3762: 3757: 3756: 3752: 3742: 3740: 3732: 3731: 3727: 3717: 3715: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3691: 3689: 3680: 3679: 3675: 3667: 3663: 3655: 3651: 3643: 3639: 3631: 3624: 3616: 3607: 3599: 3595: 3587: 3578: 3570: 3555: 3547: 3540: 3532: 3528: 3520: 3516: 3508: 3501: 3493: 3486: 3482:, pp. 1–2. 3478: 3474: 3466: 3453: 3445: 3441: 3433: 3426: 3418: 3411: 3403: 3399: 3391: 3387: 3377: 3375: 3366: 3365: 3361: 3352: 3351: 3347: 3331: 3330: 3326: 3316: 3314: 3305: 3304: 3300: 3290: 3288: 3285:New Left Review 3275: 3274: 3270: 3253: 3252: 3248: 3238: 3236: 3226: 3225: 3221: 3206: 3205: 3198: 3188: 3186: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3157: 3155: 3143: 3142: 3138: 3128: 3126: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3097: 3095: 3087: 3086: 3082: 3065: 3064: 3060: 3052: 3048: 3038: 3036: 3027: 3026: 3022: 3012: 3010: 3004: 3003: 2999: 2991: 2984: 2974: 2972: 2958: 2957: 2953: 2947:Wayback Machine 2936: 2932: 2922: 2920: 2918:New Left Review 2912: 2911: 2907: 2899: 2895: 2865: 2864: 2860: 2852: 2848: 2838: 2836: 2821:(Winter 1997). 2819:Phillips, Caryl 2817: 2816: 2807: 2799: 2795: 2783: 2779: 2771: 2767: 2759: 2750: 2743: 2728: 2727: 2723: 2714: 2710: 2700: 2699: 2695: 2685: 2683: 2671: 2670: 2666: 2656: 2654: 2638: 2637: 2630: 2620: 2618: 2613: 2612: 2608: 2598: 2596: 2591: 2590: 2583: 2575: 2571: 2561: 2559: 2550: 2549: 2545: 2535: 2533: 2523: 2522: 2515: 2505: 2503: 2494: 2493: 2489: 2481: 2477: 2469: 2465: 2455: 2453: 2449:The Independent 2438: 2437: 2428: 2420: 2416: 2406: 2404: 2391:Morley, David; 2390: 2389: 2378: 2370: 2366: 2358: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2310: 2275: 2265: 2248: 2242: 2229: 2208: 2195: 2162: 2159: 2149: 2139:Open University 2129:, D843 Course: 2112: 2109: 2091:New Left Review 2083: 2077: 2052: 2046: 2029: 2008: 2002: 1983: 1977: 1956: 1953: 1939:Radical America 1922:Jacques, Martin 1919: 1880: 1849: 1783: 1773: 1754: 1718: 1644: 1623: 1606: 1596:New Left Review 1588:Anderson, Perry 1585: 1575:New Left Review 1568: 1558:New Left Review 1551: 1541:New Left Review 1534: 1531: 1521: 1506: 1479: 1477: 1476:on 13 July 2014 1464: 1453: 1450: 1274:Redemption Song 1270: 1203: 1183: 1171:Jacques Derrida 1162: 1149: 1133:Léopold Senghor 1125: 1101: 1051:Open University 1037: 1018: 1012: 912: 816:Open University 796:Shortly before 757:Richard Hoggart 738:New Left Review 728:, launched the 721:New Left Review 582:Jamaica College 529: 475:Open University 468:Michel Foucault 446:New Left Review 426:Richard Hoggart 400: 383: 371: 337:Michael Denning 299:Gregor McLennan 280: 276:Open University 249: 223: 209:Richard Hoggart 204:Antonio Gramsci 199:Michel Foucault 184:Louis Althusser 143: 140: 1964) 135: 131: 116:New Left Review 97: 91: 87: 78: 69: 68:3 February 1932 63: 61: 60: 59: 40: 35: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6740: 6738: 6730: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6699: 6694: 6689: 6684: 6679: 6674: 6669: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6594: 6593: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6581: 6571: 6557: 6554: 6553: 6551: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6534: 6532: 6528: 6527: 6525: 6524: 6519: 6513: 6511: 6507: 6506: 6504: 6503: 6495: 6487: 6475: 6467: 6459: 6451: 6443: 6435: 6427: 6419: 6414:Oscar Niemeyer 6411: 6403: 6398:Mark Van Doren 6395: 6387: 6379: 6377:(union leader) 6371: 6363: 6355: 6347: 6339: 6331: 6323: 6315: 6307: 6298: 6296: 6292: 6291: 6289: 6288: 6286:Hugh B. Hester 6282: 6280: 6274: 6273: 6271: 6270: 6268:Brock Chisholm 6265: 6256: 6254: 6248: 6247: 6245: 6244: 6238: 6236: 6230: 6229: 6227: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6199:Harlow Shapley 6196: 6191: 6186: 6180: 6178: 6172: 6171: 6168: 6167: 6165: 6164: 6155: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6146: 6145: 6143:Joseph Rotblat 6140: 6134: 6132: 6128: 6127: 6125: 6124: 6119: 6113: 6111: 6107: 6106: 6104: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6082: 6080: 6076: 6075: 6073: 6072: 6067: 6058: 6056: 6052: 6051: 6049: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6031:Alfred Kastler 6027: 6025: 6018: 6012: 6011: 6009: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5991:George MacLeod 5988: 5983: 5977: 5975: 5969: 5968: 5965: 5964: 5962: 5961: 5949: 5937: 5925: 5913: 5901: 5889: 5877: 5865: 5853: 5841: 5829: 5817: 5805: 5793: 5781: 5769: 5757: 5745: 5733: 5721: 5708: 5706: 5702: 5701: 5699: 5698: 5685: 5683: 5676: 5670: 5669: 5666: 5665: 5663: 5662: 5650: 5638: 5625: 5623: 5617: 5616: 5614: 5613: 5601: 5588: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5577: 5576: 5574:Tetsu Katayama 5564: 5552: 5550:Clement Attlee 5539: 5537: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5502: 5490: 5478: 5466: 5464:Julius Nyerere 5454: 5442: 5430: 5417: 5415: 5406: 5400: 5399: 5397: 5396: 5383: 5370: 5357: 5344: 5330: 5328: 5322: 5321: 5319: 5318: 5313: 5311:Margaret Isely 5308: 5303: 5298: 5292: 5291: 5288: 5287: 5277: 5274: 5273: 5264: 5262: 5261: 5254: 5247: 5239: 5230: 5229: 5227: 5226: 5224:Counterculture 5221: 5219:UK underground 5216: 5211: 5206: 5200: 5198: 5194: 5193: 5191: 5190: 5183: 5176: 5169: 5162: 5155: 5147: 5145: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5096: 5094: 5090: 5089: 5087: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5045: 5043: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5018:Catherine Hall 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4998:Raphael Samuel 4995: 4993:Ralph Miliband 4990: 4985: 4980: 4978:Perry Anderson 4975: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4953:E. 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Knowledge (XXG)

Stuart Hall (cultural theorist)

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